146:
122:
25:
138:
130:
973:
251:), a propane burner with a natural drag of air can be used. For higher temperatures, acetylene is commonly used in combination with oxygen.
751:
108:
453:
Speed of
Combustion (has no effect on temperature, but more energy released per second (as adiabatic) compared to normal flame)
46:
797:
89:
61:
778:
42:
196:
The flame is generally used for the heat, infrared radiation, or visible light it produces. Some burners, such as
68:
35:
877:
488:
924:
75:
1012:
907:
902:
887:
744:
912:
897:
145:
57:
1017:
1136:
1027:
987:
482:
476:
1116:
809:
792:
737:
442:
436:
200:, dispose of unwanted or uncontainable flammable gases. Some burners are operated to produce
1141:
1131:
1126:
1111:
411:
1146:
882:
591:
462:
Atmosphere - affects temperature of flame and colour due to the atmospheric colour effect
972:
82:
1121:
844:
456:
Spectral bands also affect colour of flame, as of what part and elements of combustion
1105:
1043:
381:
228:
1068:
1053:
839:
824:
819:
723:
447:
Complete combustion (no soot, and more blue-like flame is the key) (Stoichiometric)
201:
121:
1090:
1085:
992:
869:
834:
495:
170:
24:
1073:
1063:
1058:
997:
450:
Peak
Temperature These notes are not assumptions, and need more clarification:
296:
190:
137:
1080:
1002:
854:
543:
351:
307:
232:
208:
197:
186:
166:
129:
223:
instead of air for producing a hotter flame, which is required for melting
1022:
1007:
958:
859:
829:
814:
787:
760:
607:
559:
392:
329:
162:
239:. For melting metals with melting points of up to 1100 °C (such as
942:
932:
679:
666:
652:
575:
511:
362:
340:
318:
270:
236:
231:. In domestic and commercial settings gas burners are commonly used in
216:
212:
174:
937:
849:
804:
697:
683:
527:
366:
281:
244:
240:
220:
182:
224:
158:
125:
Propane burner used with forced air into a metal melting furnace.
892:
377:
292:
248:
16:
Device used to make fire from combusting fuel and oxidizer gases
733:
178:
18:
467:
Flammability limits and ignition temperatures of common gases
459:
Blackbody radiation (colour appearance only because of heat)
729:
431:
The above data is given with the following assumptions:
1036:
980:
951:
923:
868:
774:
767:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
227:. Chemistry laboratories use natural-gas fueled
745:
718:Pocket Guide to Fire and Arson Investigation,
207:The gas burner has many applications such as
141:Oxy-Acetylene for cutting through steel rails
8:
720:second edition, FM Global, Table 1, 2, and 3
441:The surrounding air is at 20 °C, 1 bar
255:Flame temperatures of common gases and fuels
624:(Atmosphere is air at 20 degrees Celsius.)
157:is a device that produces a non-controlled
771:
752:
738:
730:
470:
258:
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
631:
422:) in oxygen (highest flame temperature)
149:Flame of a gas and oil, in a dual burner
144:
136:
128:
120:
177:with an oxidizer such as the ambient
7:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
295:in air (normally not reached in a
133:Propane burner with a Bunsen flame
14:
628:Combustion values of common gases
971:
23:
34:needs additional citations for
726:at the Encyclopædia Britannica
1:
798:Underground coal gasification
1163:
425:4982 °C 9000 °F
406:4525 °C 8177 °F
387:1900 °C 3452 °F
372:1970 °C 3578 °F
357:3100 °C 5612 °F
346:2800 °C 5072 °F
335:2111 °C 3831 °F
324:1950 °C 3542 °F
313:2550 °C 4622 °F
302:1980 °C 3596 °F
287:1970 °C 3578 °F
276:1980 °C 3596 °F
969:
637:
634:
1013:Natural-gas processing
150:
142:
134:
126:
775:Manufactured fuel gas
489:Ignition temperatures
321:(natural gas) in air
148:
140:
132:
124:
43:improve this article
1018:Natural gas storage
219:, the latter using
185:, and allowing for
1028:Pipeline transport
988:Compressor station
483:Flammability limit
477:Flammability limit
265:Flame temperature
151:
143:
135:
127:
1099:
1098:
967:
966:
810:Blast furnace gas
793:Coal gasification
709:
708:
638:Combustion value
622:
621:
485:upper, in %
479:lower, in %
429:
428:
119:
118:
111:
93:
1154:
975:
772:
754:
747:
740:
731:
632:
538:482-538 °C
522:493-604 °C
506:482-632 °C
471:
412:Dicyanoacetylene
259:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1032:
976:
963:
947:
919:
864:
776:
763:
758:
714:
630:
592:Carbon monoxide
469:
421:
417:
402:
398:
257:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1160:
1158:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1104:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
984:
982:
981:Infrastructure
978:
977:
970:
968:
965:
964:
962:
961:
955:
953:
949:
948:
946:
945:
940:
935:
929:
927:
921:
920:
918:
917:
916:
915:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
874:
872:
866:
865:
863:
862:
857:
852:
847:
845:Regasification
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
801:
800:
795:
784:
782:
769:
765:
764:
759:
757:
756:
749:
742:
734:
728:
727:
721:
713:
710:
707:
706:
703:
700:
694:
693:
690:
689:2,500 to 3,200
687:
676:
675:
672:
669:
663:
662:
659:
656:
648:
647:
644:
640:
639:
636:
629:
626:
620:
619:
616:
613:
610:
604:
603:
600:
597:
594:
588:
587:
584:
581:
578:
572:
571:
568:
565:
562:
556:
555:
552:
549:
546:
540:
539:
536:
533:
530:
524:
523:
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514:
508:
507:
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501:
498:
492:
491:
486:
480:
474:
468:
465:
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463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
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439:
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408:
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400:
396:
389:
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385:
374:
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370:
359:
358:
355:
348:
347:
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337:
336:
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326:
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315:
314:
311:
304:
303:
300:
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288:
285:
278:
277:
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267:
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263:
256:
253:
229:Bunsen burners
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1159:
1148:
1145:
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1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
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1107:
1092:
1089:
1087:
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1082:
1079:
1075:
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1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1044:Bunsen burner
1042:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
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1011:
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994:
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989:
986:
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950:
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928:
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904:
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836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
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821:
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811:
808:
806:
803:
799:
796:
794:
791:
790:
789:
786:
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783:
780:
773:
770:
766:
762:
755:
750:
748:
743:
741:
736:
735:
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722:
719:
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677:
673:
670:
668:
665:
664:
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657:
654:
651:Natural gas (
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633:
627:
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614:
611:
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481:
478:
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473:
472:
466:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
446:
444:
440:
438:
435:The flame is
434:
433:
432:
424:
413:
410:
409:
405:
394:
391:
390:
386:
383:
382:blast furnace
379:
376:
375:
371:
369:mix with air
368:
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84:
81:
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74:
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67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1069:Gas lighting
1054:Gas cylinder
1048:
840:Producer gas
825:Landfill gas
820:Gasification
717:
658:950 to 1,150
623:
618:490 °C
602:609 °C
586:651 °C
570:500 °C
554:305 °C
430:
403:) in oxygen
343:with oxygen
262:Gas / Fuels
206:
202:carbon black
195:
181:or supplied
161:by mixing a
154:
152:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
58:"Gas burner"
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1091:Pilot light
1086:Gas turbine
993:Gas carrier
870:Natural gas
835:Pintsch gas
496:Natural gas
171:natural gas
1106:Categories
1074:Gas mantle
1064:Gas heater
1059:Gas engine
1049:Gas burner
998:Gas holder
724:Gas burner
712:References
692:90 to 120
354:in oxygen
297:wood stove
233:gas stoves
198:gas flares
191:combustion
155:gas burner
69:newspapers
1137:Acetylene
1081:Gas stove
1003:Gas meter
855:Water gas
661:35 to 43
643:(Btu/ft³)
544:Acetylene
437:adiabatic
352:Acetylene
308:Acetylene
209:soldering
167:acetylene
1117:Fuel gas
1023:Odorizer
1008:Gasworks
959:Hydrogen
860:Wood gas
830:Mond gas
815:Blau gas
788:Coal gas
761:Fuel gas
646:(MJ/m³)
608:Ethylene
560:Hydrogen
393:Cyanogen
380:in air (
330:Hydrogen
237:cooktops
187:ignition
165:such as
163:fuel gas
99:May 2016
1142:Propane
1132:Methane
1127:Welding
1112:Burners
943:Propane
933:Autogas
913:Bio-SNG
779:History
680:Propane
667:Propane
653:methane
576:Ammonia
512:Propane
363:Propane
341:Propane
332:in air
319:Methane
310:in air
284:in air
273:in air
271:Propane
217:welding
213:brazing
175:propane
83:scholar
1147:Butane
938:Butane
850:Syngas
805:Biogas
705:120.1
698:Butane
684:butane
528:Butane
367:butane
282:Butane
247:, and
245:silver
241:copper
221:oxygen
215:, and
183:oxygen
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1122:Tools
952:Other
768:Types
702:3,225
674:95.8
671:2,572
615:10.8
596:12.5
516:2.15
443:(atm)
225:steel
173:, or
159:flame
90:JSTOR
76:books
1037:Uses
893:HCNG
686:mix
635:Gas
612:3.4
548:2.5
535:8.5
532:1.9
519:9.6
500:4.7
378:Coal
293:Wood
249:gold
235:and
189:and
62:news
925:LPG
908:SNG
903:NGC
898:LNG
888:CNG
883:CBM
878:APG
599:74
583:25
580:16
567:75
551:81
503:15
179:air
45:by
1108::
655:)
564:4
414:(C
395:(C
384:)
299:)
243:,
211:,
204:.
193:.
169:,
153:A
781:)
777:(
753:e
746:t
739:v
682:-
420:2
418:N
416:4
401:2
399:N
397:2
365:-
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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