1157:(cleansing the head skull to present various kinds of beneficial seeds to humankind). In the actual cleansing of the freshly taken heads, the troop leader would eat a bit of the brain with a piece of a glutinous rice before proceeding to throw away the rest of the brain using a piece of rattan swirled by him inside the skull and to slice out the flesh using his war sword. This coconut-splitting ceremony is a sign of respect and honour to the guests being offered to do so.
2119:
1027:
2035:
25:
133:
1301:
309:. The holiday was first celebrated on 1 June 1965 and it became a symbol of unity, aspiration and hope for the Dayak community. It is an integral part of Dayak's social life. It is a thanksgiving day marking a bountiful harvest and a time to plan for the new farming season or other endeavours ahead.
1413:
After eating, the families of the longhouse are visited by guests. A short longhouse may have ten to thirty family rooms while moderately long may have thirty to fifty family rooms. A very long longhouse may have fifty to one hundred family rooms. It is common for Dayaks to recite and discuss their
1289:
which is performed at the closing of the harvest festival to thank gods for bestowing good health and a rich harvest; and the eagle-warrior fight dance performed after the harvest season. Hands are held outstretched imitating the movements of the eagles as they flap their wings in flight. The eagle
598:
and other handicrafts. The Orang Ulu are famous for their colourful paintings of the tree of life on their house walls and their house posts are elaborately carved. Highly decorated shields are displayed near the family room door. Heirloom jars, brassware, and old human skulls obtained during raids
523:
Before the eve of Gawai, the longhouse residents may organise a hunting or fishing trip to gather wild meat and fish. Both can be preserved with salt in a jar, or smoked over a firewood platform above the hearth. Inedible animal parts like horns, teeth, claws, and feathers are used to decorate and
1085:
The chief among them will then be requested to symbolically split open a coconut. which symbolises the skull trophies traditionally treasured by the Iban Dayak because the skull is believed to present various types of valuable seeds for men, be they for farming or procreation purposes. In more
724:) blankets which are made with unique Dayak designs. During the festival, women are keen to display the products of their skills and hard work at mat-making and hand-weaving. Some traditional baskets are also seen. Some sets of traditional musical instruments are also displayed in the gallery.
419:
As the festival day approaches, everyone will be busy with general tidying up, grave visiting, paddy drying and milling, collecting and preparing food and final house decoration, where necessary. The mode of celebrations of Gawai Dayak vary from place to place and preparations begin early.
1438:, a special guest is asked to open a coconut placed on a ceramic plate using a blunt knife without handling the coconut or breaking the plate. The coconut offered to be split open by ordinary guests tells of someone's heart and fate: white flesh is good and black flesh is bad.
1097:
Next, follows a procession by men and women, ladies, youths and kids in traditional costumes along the gallery in honour of the elders in the line up, normally three rounds depending on the length of the longhouse. One outcome of this procession is the anointing of a
882:(the god of fortune). Iban Dayaks also call upon the legendary and mythical people of Panggau Libau and Gelong, and other good, helpful spirits or ghosts to attend the feast. The entire pantheon of gods is cordially invited to the Gawai feast.
768:
designs on the backs of the hand indicate the wearer has chopped off a human head or killed a man in military combat. However, some designs are based on marine life which are meant for protection and rescue of the wearers when on the water.
1254:(ritual cloth waving dance). The male dance shows strength and bravery and may imitate the movements of the hornbill, which is regarded as the king of worldly birds. The ngajat dance is accompanied by a traditional band consisting of an
1066:(chalice) of food and drinks is offered to each elder in the line up by a few women of high social rank in the longhouse, normally a wife offering to her husband. A group of women in costumes led by an expert sings a
900:
Each set of offerings usually contains specified odd numbers (1, 3, 5, 7) of traditional items: the cigarette nipah leaves and tobacco, betel nut and sireh leaves, glutinous rice in a hand-woven leave container
796:), armlet, anklet, and orb fruit purse. In the past, it was customary for Dayak women to bare their breasts as a sign of beauty. In Bidayuh Dayak society, Dayung Boris are the maidens of the Gawai Festival.
512:-shaped cakes) are made just before the festival day because they do not keep well. This is because the cake is lifted from the hot frying oil while not fully hardened. The sugar used can be the brown
1426:(persuaded drinking), women offer drinks to men to help them overcome shyness. Men traditionally reject the first offers as a sign of respect to the host. Women sing a traditional poem called
960:(festival meal) in the gallery of the longhouse. Each family member has contributed something. All the best traditional foods, delicacies and drinks that have been prepared are displayed.
642:
After the gathering of plants and vegetables early in the morning, the poultry is slaughtered. Enough meat is cooked in mid-aged thin-walled bamboo logs to make a traditional dish called
812:), will pass each by family's room. Every family will throw some unwanted article into the basket. The unwanted articles will then be tossed to the ground from the end of the longhouse.
893:(charm) will be brought out for this ceremony to ensure its continuous effectiveness and to avoid madness afflicting the owner. Wallets are placed among the offerings to increase the
702:("mat spreading and adjoining") which marks the opening of the gawai. The Dayaks make various types of traditional hand-woven mats. There are reed mats woven with colourful designs,
1234:
dance. The male and female dances consist of graceful, precise and surprise movements of the body, hands and feet with occasional shouts of a battle cry. Examples are the freestyle
889:; and the farm. Other highly prized possessions such as precious old jars and modern items like rice milling engines, boat engines, or a car may also be placed with offerings. Any
2023:
599:
or trade sojourns, if still kept, are cleaned and displayed. Deer horns may be secured to the longhouse posts in order to hold highly decorated swords and other household items.
885:
Offerings to the deities are placed at strategic spots: the four corners of each family room for protection of souls; in the kitchen; at the rice jar; in the gallery; the
940:). The cockerel is sacrificed by slicing its neck. Its wing feathers are pulled out and brushed onto its bleeding neck after which each feather is placed as a sacrifice (
1817:
1315:. Open houses may also be organised by Dayak associations or non-government organisations. This will continue until the end of June where the gawai will be closed in a
286:
is now celebrated on July 22 every year. Gawai Dayak was conceived of by the radio producers Tan
Kingsley and Owen Liang and then taken up by the Dayak community. The
932:
After all the offering sets are completed, the chief of the festival thanks the gods for a good harvest, and asks for guidance, blessings and long life as he waves a
687:
leaves also gives a special aroma. Smoke from the fire wood also gives a distinctive aroma. Some Dayaks, especially Orang Ulu, will wrap rice in long green leaves (
536:
is cleaned, repaired and repainted by cooperation amongst its residents. The longhouse is constructed as a unique place of living and worship. Its main post (
320:
on the same date, although not a public holiday as well as other Dayak (particularly Iban and
Bidayuh) diaspora all around Malaysia, Indonesia and a broad.
294:
for the inclusion of all
Sarawakians as a national day, regardless of ethnic origin. It is both a religious and a social occasion recognised since 1957.
1658:
Christian Dayaks replace the traditional offering ceremony with a prayer session within the family room. The associated church service leader is called
1149:. Any honoured guests to longhouses may be asked to break open a coconut to symbolise the actions of Sengalang Burong (the god of war) during the Iban
2016:
2247:
2142:
2001:
698:
Highly decorated mats for guests to sit on are laid out on the longhouse gallery which runs the entire length of the longhouse. The act is called
1126:
is normally drank after food, just like grape wine. Some foods and drinks have been served for all presents. Rice cakes are eaten as desserts.
594:. Men with decorating skills make split bamboo designs. Women decorate living room walls by hanging their handwoven ceremonial clothes called
1469:
Gawai Dayak celebrations may last for a month. It is during this time of year that many Dayak hold authentic ritual festivals and weddings (
1383:). This is represented by slashing a bamboo fence with a sword and a poem. Then, at the foot of the longhouse ladder, an animal is speared (
2318:
2009:
925:
sugar), ant nest cakes and moulded cakes, poprice (made from glutinous paddy grains heated in a wok or pot), hard-boiled chicken eggs and
1729:
1010:("Wishing you longevity, wellness, and prosperity") is repeated to each other. Mistakes are forgiven and disputes are resolved. Where a
977:) is sometimes conducted. The winners are chosen for completeness of their traditional costumes and beauty. The chief and elders hold a
440:). Rice may be purchased from towns if the festival is in a place where paddy farming is absent or insufficient. The traditional Dayak
1446:
In town areas, pre-gawai are held in May in advance of the gawai proper before the citydwellers return to their respective villages.
108:
1730:"Application of a Genetic-Fuzzy FMEA to Rainfed Lowland Rice Production in Sarawak: Environmental, Health, and Safety Perspectives"
297:
On 1 June 1963, Datuk
Michael Buma, a Betong native, hosted the celebrations of the first Gawai Dayak at his home at Siol Kandis,
1046:) is erected in the centre of the gallery to symbolize the ritual shrine with valuable fruits. Around it, performances of the
1812:
1676:
1553:(a bird festival). The bird festival is performed earlier in the festive period to avoid spoiling of rice wine by the spirit
46:
2303:
89:
2298:
1122:
is normally the pure liquid from the glutinous rice which tastes sweet but it contains a high concentration of alcohol.
61:
42:
1406:
bard while he sways holding a chicken over the heads of guests. Before the guests are offered foods, a special speech (
2083:
2039:
1058:) are performed after some symbolic traditional activities. The first order among the activities after dinner is the
1290:
eventually falls unconscious so leaving the warrior as the winner. It is performed by men seeking a female partner.
68:
1281:(danger repealing), a dance performed before the harvest to ask for blessing and protection of the community; the
35:
2308:
1671:
395:
and hill-dwelling ethnic subgroups in the region. Although these peoples have common traits, each have their own
1772:
967:) is performed several times up and down the gallery. A beauty pageant to choose the festival's queen and king (
2313:
2232:
1978:
1833:
1398:
dancers and followed by the band, process to their seats in the longhouse gallery. After that, a guest prayer (
1375:
offering ceremony outside the longhouse. Upon approaching the longhouse ladder, the guest of honor is asked to
283:
270:(previously as known as Dayak Day or Sarawak Day) is an annual festival and a public holiday celebrated by the
764:
in Iban) which signify their life experience and journey. A frog design on the front of the man's neck and/or
968:
736:, the traditional costume, especially when guests are arriving. The traditional dress of men is a loincloth (
714:
mats. The walls of most family rooms and galleries are decorated with traditional blankets such as the woven
683:
nodes to soak up the bamboo aroma. Normal rice will be cooked in pots at the kitchen hearth. The addition of
504:(twisted cake). The cakes can last well whilst kept inside a jar because they are deep-fried until hardened.
75:
1118:) after paying a token of their appreciation to the respective owners who are normally expert brewers. This
756:), silver armlets and anklets along with a shield, sword, and spear. Men are decorated with tribal tattoos (
684:
400:
1018:("Chanting the water of longevity") to bless the longevity water before the chief says the short prayer.
2157:
2093:
380:
57:
492:
Traditional cake delicacies are prepared from glutinous rice flour mixed with sugar. The cakes include
823:) will take place at every family room, one after the other. Before the ceremony, ritual music called
2197:
2187:
2162:
1744:
1449:
Gawai ends around the end of June. The closing ceremony is signified by symbolically rolling back a
2242:
2212:
1996:
1713:
1090:). He is then followed by his warriors in performing the symbolic act of hand-railing the pathway (
780:(a long piece of scalp) worn over the shoulders, a woven beaded chain over the neck and shoulders (
591:
1549:
2272:
2267:
2217:
2172:
1696:
1371:(sharpening speech) which introduces the guest of honor. The guest of honor is received with a
2237:
2137:
1285:
dance that is performed during the harvest festival to welcome the paddy soul and guests; the
804:
Celebrations begin on the evening of 31 May with a ceremony to cast away the spirit of greed (
660:
944:) onto each of the offering sets. The offerings are then placed at the designated locations.
357:. The population estimate is two to four million people. The Dayaks, previously known as the
2252:
2078:
2053:
1752:
668:
leaves and detoxified seeds. Animal heads are roasted on an open fire to be served hot with
1086:
elaborate events, the chief warrior will perform the symbolic act of clearing the pathway (
619:
544:) and must remain intact. Timber and wooden materials for repairs are obtained from nearby
2262:
2167:
2147:
1821:
313:
142:
82:
1748:
2222:
994:
At midnight, a gong is rung to call the inhabitants to attention. The longhouse chief (
676:
545:
513:
455:
399:, customs, laws, territory and culture. Dayak languages are categorised as part of the
287:
138:
470:
was made with rice milk only, but is now cut with sugar and water in a process called
2292:
2277:
1250:(ant harvesting) dance for men. Women perform the freestyle female ajat dance or the
1169:
847:
623:
or coconut palm shoots which are used for making meat stews. Vegetables such as wild
1311:
On the first day of June, Dayak homes are opened to guests. This practice is called
1026:
776:) worn around the waist, a rattan and brass ring high corset around the upper body,
2177:
2098:
1634:
For most of these traditional festivals, sacred invocation and incantations called
1189:
483:
432:
agrees to host Gawai Dayak with big ritual festivals, they may need to plant extra
341:
271:
305:
was gazetted as a public holiday acknowledging the formation of the
Federation of
1410:
in Iban) to open the traditional cloth covering over food containers is recited.
454:, brewed at least one month before the Gawai Dayak. The drink is brewed from the
2227:
2182:
2073:
2068:
1757:
1201:
692:
691:) before steaming it inside a pot. Rice may also be cooked using a gas stove or
651:
364:
166:
24:
1062:, a lining up of elders and/or guests if any according to their social rank. A
991:
and festive ground rules with fighting, quarrelling, drunkenness or vandalism.
913:(glutinous rice cooked in buwan leaves), glutinuos rice cooked in bamboo logs (
2058:
1209:
1129:
Another important activity is the singing of traditional poems. These include
952:
Once the offering ceremony is completed, the family sits down for dinner, the
628:
517:
388:
372:
350:
290:
colonial government refused to recognise Dayak Day until 1962. They called it
2152:
2108:
1615:(jar festival). The health-related festivals which may be performed are the
1415:
1343:
716:
533:
445:
429:
376:
359:
317:
1728:
Sang, Anisia Jati; Tay, Kai Meng; Lim, Chee Peng; Saeid, Nahavandi (2018).
1082:(delicacies) to several key elders with some outstanding life achievement.
1595:(main house post hammering festival) for any newly completed longhouses.;
2202:
2118:
2103:
2088:
2034:
1106:(prince). After this, some of the procession participants may go for the
933:
838:
The Iban Dayaks believe in seven deities (the people of hornbill's nest,
636:
569:
408:
392:
306:
279:
259:
664:
leaves and salt. Any remaining meat is preserved in salt and mixed with
2192:
1528:
1161:
632:
576:) are renovated with concrete and bricks to make a terraced structure (
404:
396:
368:
346:
298:
275:
255:
170:
146:
132:
1160:
Other merrymaking activities which may extend to the next day include
2257:
1326:
is offered and women line up in two rows on each side of the ladder (
1197:
859:
680:
655:
509:
441:
384:
354:
221:
137:
Iban maidens dressed in traditional costume during Gawai festival in
981:
to remind everybody to keep order, peace and harmony. Heavy fines (
2063:
1299:
1214:
1070:(praise song) befitting the status of each elder while offering a
1025:
613:
587:
540:) is the designated starting point of all the building materials (
459:
1300:
1011:
987:
835:) are filled with food and drinks to be offered to the deities.
831:(big brass chalices), or containers made of split bamboo skins (
608:
450:
433:
2005:
1360:) are given. This activity is called the watering of guests or
1930:
Timang Gawai Amat: A study of Timang
Incantation of Iban Baleh
1697:"Declarations of independence by Sarawak, Sabah and Singapore"
18:
1580:(proper festival to request divine supernatural assistance);
1014:
is available, he may be asked to recite a short chant called
1042:
After dinner, celebrations are less formal. A tree of life (
1568:
In the Baleh region, the Iban ritual festivals include the
1402:) is recited by a talented speaker like the headman or the
672:. Wooden cooking implements are made from small tree logs.
572:
wall) is used as the backrest. Some old wooden longhouses (
929:
rice wine poured over or contained in a small bamboo cup.
808:). Two children or men, each dragging a winnowing basket (
411:
639:
from nearby jungle, farms or gardens are also gathered.
482:, "burnt spirit" by the Bidayuh). This drink is made by
2163:
1422:
in Iban) to reinforce kinships. In the activity called
1342:). Then, when the guests are seated, further rounds of
650:). The meat is first mixed with traditional herbs like
560:(long chair) may be built along the upper area of the
1599:(fortune festival) which comprises three stages i.e.
1588:(festival based on dream messages from the spirits).
963:
Just before midnight, a spirit-welcoming procession (
583:
The inside walls of the longhouse are decorated with
1457:
by each family within the longhouse. It is known as
1008:
Gayu Guru, Gerai Nyamai, Senang
Lantang Nguan Menua"
474:. A stronger alcoholic beverage made by the Iban is
2126:
2046:
250:
242:
227:
217:
209:
201:
193:
185:
177:
161:
153:
125:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2213:Declaration of George Town as World Heritage Site
1642:are performed throughout the night(s) by a bard (
1274:. Recordings may be used instead of a live band.
345:a collective name for the indigenous peoples of
1192:. In modern settings, sports include football,
985:) are imposed on those who break the customary
2178:Declaration of Malacca City as Historical City
1846:Bulu Manok Iban: Bujang Sugi and Rukun Sabong.
1835:Leka Main Puisi Rakyat Iban Satu analysis pdf.
854:(the great priest, who is second in command),
189:Religious, social, traditional ethnic festival
2017:
1338:) is followed by the thirst-quenching drink (
1226:There are many variations of the traditional
8:
1619:(healing festival) which takes place if the
1270:(drum). Orang Ulu music is played using the
2024:
2010:
2002:
1980:Leka Main Puisi Rakyat Iban Satu analysis.
1777:Gnmawar blog about Iban cultural heritage.
1565:) is also held within the same longhouse.
998:) or host will lead a toast to longevity (
921:(cakes of glutinous rice flour mixed with
458:from a recent harvest mixed with homemade
379:are recognised. The Orang Ulu include the
122:
2143:Yang di-Pertua Negeri Sembilan's Birthday
1756:
1557:if the entombment festival for the dead (
1212:, and balloon blowing, while karaoke and
1200:. Other parlour games are played such as
1168:) contests and traditional games such as
874:(the god of creation and procreativity),
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1631:(supernatural curing) are unsuccessful.
1535:(agricultural festival) which comprises
1002:) and the new year with a short prayer (
1814:Celebrating Borneo's Harvest Festivals.
1718:The Borneo Post website 1 January 2012.
1688:
1504:(cleansing) is performed at the family
1488:(an unripe offering) inside the family
1480:Most Iban will hold minor rites called
1110:contained in several medium-sized jar (
1917:Gawai Antu, Iban Feast of the Departed
564:(gallery). The seat is raised and the
815:At dusk, a ritual offering ceremony (
7:
1591:Fortune related festivals include a
47:adding citations to reliable sources
2233:Hol Day of Sultan Iskandar of Johor
1611:(fortune safekeeping festival) and
870:(the god of agriculture and land),
1824:The Ministry of Tourism, Malaysia.
827:is performed. Old ceramic plates,
752:) headwear, chains over the neck (
748:), peacock and hornbill feathers (
367:. Other ethnic groups such as the
312:It is also celebrated by Dayak in
14:
2248:Sarawak State Governor's Birthday
2243:Malacca State Governor's Birthday
1701:discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk
1607:(fortune welcoming festival) and
1277:Bidayuh Dayak dances include the
2218:Penang State Governor's Birthday
2117:
2033:
1496:(a ripe offering) at the family
1307:is widely consumed during Gawai.
846:(the war god represented by the
590:portraying tree and wild animal
131:
23:
2238:Sabah State Governor's Birthday
2188:Sultan of Terengganu's Birthday
1204:, plate passing to the tune of
1054:) or self-defence martial art (
34:needs additional citations for
1703:. The National Archives. 1963.
1677:Miss Cultural Harvest Festival
1547:(paddy storing festival); and
1367:Speeches are made such as the
772:Women wear a handwoven cloth (
436:and organise labour exchange (
1:
2273:Sultan of Selangor's Birthday
2268:Sultan of Kelantan's Birthday
1882:Gawai Batu by Benedict Sandin
1584:(tomb-building festival) and
524:repair traditional costumes.
1627:(supernatural cleansing) or
1603:(fortune seeking festival),
1543:(a paddy seed festival) and
1153:incantation which is called
607:On Gawai Eve, people gather
16:Harvest festival in Malaysia
2319:Public holidays in Malaysia
2253:Sultan of Pahang's Birthday
2040:Public holidays in Malaysia
1758:10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2883115
1508:(verandah). Rituals called
1319:(mat rolling up) ceremony.
1238:male dance, warrior dance,
1030:A Dayak man performing the
1006:). The festival greeting, "
556:) or purchased in towns. A
528:Decoration of the longhouse
2335:
2263:Sultan of Perak's Birthday
2168:Sultan of Johor's Birthday
2148:Sultan of Kedah's Birthday
1646:) and his assistants or a
1531:and Skrang region include
1465:Authentic ritual festivals
1246:hunting dance, or comical
897:or fortune of the owners.
784:), a decorated high-comb (
2223:Raja of Perlis's Birthday
2115:
1672:List of Harvest Festivals
1434:. In the activity called
1242:(rice mortar dance), the
878:(the god of justice) and
130:
1869:Sandin B. and Sather C.
1715:When will the gawai end.
1218:dance are also popular.
800:Offerings and sacrifices
301:. On 25 September 1964,
181:Sarawak, West Kalimantan
1520:(red bamboo pole); and
840:Orang Tansang Kenyalang
732:Men and women may wear
635:leaves and Dayak round
1820:17 August 2011 at the
1654:Christian celebrations
1539:(whetstone festival),
1453:ceremony mat called a
1308:
1196:(rattan kickball) and
1176:), small log pulling (
1039:
862:and god of medicine),
788:) over the hair lump (
403:. The Dayaks embraced
401:Austronesian languages
2198:Day of Nuzul Al-Quran
2158:Federal Territory Day
1572:(wellness festival);
1527:Ritual feasts of the
1442:Pre-Gawai and Closing
1356:) and respect drink (
1334:The welcoming drink (
1303:
1029:
956:(meal at gallery) or
744:), animal skin coat (
391:. There are over 200
2304:Religion in Malaysia
2193:First Day of Ramadan
1943:Gawai Pangkong Tiang
1871:Iban Adat and Augury
1593:Gawai Mangkong Tiang
1576:(farming festival);
1348:as a washing drink (
1322:When guests arrive,
1184:) and foot-banging (
1050:dance, sword dance (
936:over the offerings (
720:and the tied cloth (
353:and the interior of
43:improve this article
2299:Culture of Malaysia
2104:Muhammad's Birthday
1749:2018IEEEA...674628S
1609:Gawai nindokka tuah
1516:(midday festival);
1461:among Iban Dayaks.
710:tree bark mats and
2130:(differ by states)
1955:Pengap Gawai Tajau
1774:The Iban Longhouse
1309:
1258:set (percussion),
1208:music, running in
1188:). Some engage in
1040:
842:) whose names are
792:), a silver belt (
500:(molded cake) and
2286:
2285:
2047:National holidays
1788:Basic Iban Design
1605:Gawai Namaka Tuah
1570:Gawai Baintu-intu
1352:), profit drink (
1328:nyambut pengabang
1266:(small gong) and
1180:), rope pulling (
1102:(princess) and a
1016:timang ai pengayu
852:Biku Bunsu Petara
728:Traditional dress
631:, bamboo shoots,
496:(ant nest cake),
466:. Traditionally,
282:on 1 and 2 June.
265:
264:
119:
118:
111:
93:
2326:
2309:June observances
2131:
2121:
2094:Agong's Birthday
2079:Islamic New Year
2054:Chinese New Year
2038:
2037:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2003:
1984:
1976:
1970:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1926:
1920:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1874:
1867:
1861:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1831:
1825:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1791:
1784:
1778:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1734:
1725:
1719:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1693:
1601:Gawai Ngiga Tuah
1582:Gawai Ngelumbung
1522:Gawai Kalingkang
1394:, guests led by
1252:ngajat pua kumbu
1088:ngerandang jalai
844:Sengalang Burong
238:
236:
178:Observed by
135:
123:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2314:May observances
2289:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2173:Isra and Mi'raj
2129:
2128:
2122:
2113:
2042:
2032:
2030:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1977:
1973:
1964:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1927:
1923:
1914:
1910:
1902:
1898:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1877:
1868:
1864:
1855:
1851:
1843:
1839:
1832:
1828:
1822:Wayback Machine
1810:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1785:
1781:
1770:
1766:
1743:: 74628–74647.
1732:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1712:
1708:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1668:
1656:
1467:
1444:
1430:while offering
1392:ngalu pengabang
1298:
1224:
1178:betarit lampong
1024:
950:
915:asi pulut lulun
905:), rice cakes (
802:
730:
629:fiddlehead fern
605:
603:Gawai Dayak Eve
546:reserve forests
530:
426:
417:
326:
314:West Kalimantan
251:First time
234:
232:
169:), Andu Gawai (
149:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2332:
2330:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2291:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2203:Tadau Kaamatan
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2138:New Year's Day
2134:
2132:
2127:State holidays
2124:
2123:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1991:External links
1989:
1986:
1985:
1971:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1921:
1908:
1896:
1884:
1875:
1862:
1849:
1837:
1826:
1804:
1792:
1779:
1764:
1720:
1706:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1667:
1664:
1655:
1652:
1545:gawai basimpan
1518:Tresang Mansau
1477:) take place.
1466:
1463:
1443:
1440:
1400:biau pengabang
1297:
1292:
1223:
1220:
1092:ngelalau jalai
1023:
1020:
949:
946:
876:Ini Inee/Andan
864:Sempulang Gana
856:Menjaya Manang
801:
798:
729:
726:
677:glutinous rice
604:
601:
529:
526:
456:glutinous rice
425:
424:Food and drink
422:
416:
413:
325:
322:
263:
262:
252:
248:
247:
244:
240:
239:
229:
228:Next time
225:
224:
219:
215:
214:
211:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
195:
191:
190:
187:
183:
182:
179:
175:
174:
163:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
136:
128:
127:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2331:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2279:
2278:Christmas Eve
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2125:
2120:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1982:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1768:
1765:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1660:tuai sembiang
1653:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1494:bedara mansau
1491:
1487:
1484:which can be
1483:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1459:Ngiling Bidai
1456:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1362:nyibur temuai
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1317:ngiling bidai
1314:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:ngajat lesong
1237:
1233:
1229:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:arm wrestling
1167:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1037:
1033:
1032:Tarian Ngajat
1028:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
992:
990:
989:
984:
980:
976:
975:
971:
966:
961:
959:
955:
954:makai di ruai
947:
945:
943:
939:
935:
930:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
898:
896:
892:
888:
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
848:brahminy kite
845:
841:
836:
834:
830:
826:
825:gendang rayah
822:
818:
813:
811:
807:
806:Muai Antu Rua
799:
797:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
774:kain betating
770:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
727:
725:
723:
719:
718:
713:
709:
706:rattan mats,
705:
701:
696:
694:
690:
686:
682:
679:is cooked in
678:
673:
671:
667:
663:
662:
657:
653:
649:
645:
640:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
621:
616:
615:
610:
602:
600:
597:
593:
589:
586:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
527:
525:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
490:
489:over a fire.
488:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
452:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
423:
421:
414:
412:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
361:
356:
352:
349:, Indonesian
348:
344:
343:
338:
334:
330:
323:
321:
319:
315:
310:
308:
304:
300:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
230:
226:
223:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
154:Official name
152:
148:
144:
140:
134:
129:
124:
121:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
58:"Gawai Dayak"
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2207:
2099:Malaysia Day
1979:
1974:
1966:
1961:
1954:
1949:
1942:
1937:
1929:
1924:
1916:
1911:
1904:
1899:
1893:Gawai Burong
1892:
1887:
1878:
1870:
1865:
1858:Melah Pinang
1857:
1852:
1845:
1840:
1829:
1813:
1807:
1800:
1795:
1787:
1782:
1773:
1767:
1740:
1736:
1723:
1714:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1659:
1657:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1629:renong sakit
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:Gawai Burong
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1475:Gawai Lelabi
1474:
1471:Melah Pinang
1470:
1468:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1310:
1304:
1294:
1287:langi julang
1286:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:(big gong),
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1213:
1205:
1194:sepak takraw
1193:
1190:cockfighting
1185:
1181:
1177:
1174:bibat lengan
1173:
1165:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1035:
1031:
1022:After dinner
1015:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
993:
986:
982:
978:
974:Keling Gawai
973:
969:
965:Ngalu Petara
964:
962:
957:
953:
951:
941:
937:
931:
926:
922:
919:penganan iri
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
899:
894:
890:
886:
884:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
855:
851:
843:
839:
837:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
814:
809:
805:
803:
793:
789:
785:
782:marik empang
781:
777:
773:
771:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
731:
721:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
697:
688:
674:
669:
665:
659:
647:
643:
641:
624:
618:
612:
606:
595:
584:
582:
577:
573:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
541:
537:
531:
522:
506:Penganan iri
505:
501:
497:
494:sarang semut
493:
491:
486:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
449:
437:
427:
418:
358:
340:
336:
332:
328:
327:
324:Introduction
311:
302:
296:
291:
272:Dayak people
267:
266:
194:Celebrations
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2228:Sarawak Day
2208:Gawai Dayak
2183:Good Friday
2084:Merdeka Day
2074:Eid al-Adha
2069:Eid al-Fitr
1967:Gawai Sakit
1801:Raja Durong
1737:IEEE Access
1617:Gawai Sakit
1613:Gawai Tajau
1586:Gawai Mimpi
1574:Gawai Bumai
1555:Indai Bilai
1541:Gawai Benih
1533:Gawai Bumai
1486:bedara mata
1377:open a fort
1256:engkerumong
1210:gunny sacks
1202:egg rolling
872:Selampandai
858:(the first
786:sugu tinggi
693:rice cooker
550:pulau galau
538:tiang pemun
415:Preparation
389:Lun Bawangs
365:Iban people
363:are mostly
331:comes from
329:Gawai Dayak
303:Sarawak Day
292:Sarawak Day
284:Sarawak Day
268:Gawai Dayak
231:1 June 2025
197:Gawai Dayak
167:Iban people
165:Ari Gawai (
162:Also called
157:Gawai Dayak
126:Gawai Dayak
2293:Categories
2059:Labour Day
1965:Sandin B.
1941:Sandin B.
1928:Masing J.
1915:Grijih H.
1905:Gawai Antu
1903:Sandin B.
1891:Sandin B.
1856:Majang A.
1844:Duncan W.
1799:Sandin B.
1786:Anggat A.
1771:Anggat S.
1683:References
1650:(healer).
1625:sugi sakit
1597:Gawai Tuah
1578:Gawai Amat
1563:Ngelumbong
1559:Gawai Antu
1537:Gawai Batu
1514:Sandau Ari
1408:muka kujuk
1369:jaku ansah
1279:tolak bala
1182:tarit tali
1155:ngelanpang
1074:(bowl) of
1000:Ai Pengayu
996:tuai rumah
958:makai rami
833:kelingkang
722:kain kebat
652:lemongrass
578:rumah batu
574:rumah kayu
518:cane sugar
502:kuih sepit
484:distilling
480:arak tonok
373:Land Dayak
351:Kalimantan
235:2025-06-01
69:newspapers
2258:Deepavali
2153:Thaipusam
2109:Christmas
2064:Wesak Day
1953:Enggu E.
1644:lemambang
1623:rituals,
1500:gallery.
1416:genealogy
1404:lemambang
1381:muka kuta
1354:ai untong
1248:muar kesa
1078:and some
880:Anda Mara
868:Semerugah
750:lelanjang
717:Pua Kumbu
700:beranchau
689:daun long
596:pua kumbu
554:pulau ban
534:longhouse
516:sugar or
446:rice wine
430:longhouse
377:Orang Ulu
360:Sea Dayak
318:Indonesia
243:Frequency
99:June 2019
2089:Muharram
1997:Pictures
1818:Archived
1811:Arif T.
1666:See also
1512:are the
1502:Berunsur
1492:room or
1264:bebendai
1162:blowpipe
1147:pelandai
1056:bekuntau
1052:bepencha
979:begeliga
942:genselan
934:cockerel
891:pengaroh
778:selampai
758:kalingai
712:peradani
666:kepayang
661:bungkang
637:brinjals
570:verandah
542:pun ramu
478:(called
409:paganism
393:riverine
371:people (
337:festival
335:meaning
307:Malaysia
280:Malaysia
260:Malaysia
254:1965 in
145:region,
1745:Bibcode
1529:Saribas
1358:ai basa
1350:ai basu
1336:ai tiki
1313:ngabang
1295:Ngabang
1283:totokng
1186:bapatis
1143:sanggai
1104:keeling
1060:badigir
903:senupat
790:sanggul
766:tegulun
762:pantang
646:(Iban:
633:tapioca
476:langkau
462:called
448:called
438:bedurok
428:When a
405:animism
397:dialect
385:Kenyahs
369:Bidayuh
347:Sarawak
299:Kuching
288:British
276:Sarawak
256:Sarawak
233: (
171:Bidayuh
147:Sarawak
83:scholar
1648:manang
1640:timang
1636:pengap
1621:belian
1482:bedara
1451:miring
1428:pantun
1424:bantil
1396:ngajat
1385:mankan
1373:miring
1340:ai aus
1228:ngajat
1222:Dances
1198:futsal
1166:sumpit
1151:timang
1139:jawang
1135:ramban
1131:pantun
1100:kumang
1072:jalong
1068:pantun
1048:ngajat
1044:ranyai
1038:Dance)
1036:Ngajat
970:Kumang
948:Dinner
938:bebiau
911:sungki
860:shaman
821:bedara
817:miring
810:chapan
794:lampit
746:gagong
734:ngepan
704:lampit
685:pandan
681:bamboo
656:ginger
644:pansoh
627:fern,
592:motifs
588:murals
558:pantar
510:discus
472:mandok
464:ciping
442:liquor
381:Kayans
375:) and
355:Borneo
246:annual
222:1 June
213:2 June
205:1 June
202:Begins
143:Betong
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1733:(PDF)
1506:tanju
1490:bilek
1455:bidai
1420:tusut
1268:bedup
1260:tawak
1244:ngasu
1215:joget
1206:taboh
1112:kebok
1080:tabas
1064:tabak
1004:sampi
923:nipah
907:tumpi
887:tanju
866:with
829:tabak
754:marik
742:cawat
738:sirat
708:bidai
675:Some
648:lulun
625:midin
620:sawit
614:aping
566:tanju
514:nipah
498:cuwan
460:yeast
444:is a
434:paddy
342:Dayak
333:Gawai
139:Debak
90:JSTOR
76:books
1983:pdf.
1510:gawa
1498:ruai
1432:tuak
1345:tuak
1324:tuak
1305:Tuak
1272:sape
1236:ajat
1232:ajat
1145:and
1124:Tuak
1120:tuak
1116:pasu
1108:tuak
1076:tuak
1012:bard
988:adat
983:ukom
972:and
927:tuak
895:tuah
670:tuak
609:sago
585:ukir
562:ruai
532:The
487:tuak
468:tuak
451:tuak
407:and
387:and
339:and
218:Date
210:Ends
186:Type
62:news
1753:doi
1638:or
1561:or
1473:or
1436:uti
1390:In
1387:).
1230:or
1114:or
1094:).
917:),
909:),
850:);
819:or
760:or
740:or
580:).
552:or
508:(a
274:in
45:by
2295::
1751:.
1739:.
1735:.
1699:.
1662:.
1524:.
1364:.
1141:,
1137:,
1133:,
695:.
658:,
654:,
617:,
611:,
520:.
383:,
316:,
278:,
258:,
141:,
2025:e
2018:t
2011:v
1969:.
1932:.
1919:.
1873:.
1860:.
1790:.
1761:.
1755::
1747::
1741:6
1418:(
1379:(
1332:.
1330:)
1172:(
1164:(
1034:(
901:(
568:(
548:(
237:)
173:)
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
