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of France, China in the UN between 1967 and 1970. The whole country was mapped in a reconnaissance level by French geologists and a 1:200,000 scale map with 14 sheets was published. Out of a pre-1975 staff of 60 only eight returned including four technicians after the Khmer Rouge. Currently the responsibility for mapping rests with the
Department of Geology and Mines and the Ministry of Industry.
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Geological mapping of
Cambodia was first carried out by the French service, Service Geologique de l'Indochine based in Hanoi in the years between World War I and World War II. Various mineral prospects were explored at that time and again in the 1950s and 1960s with the assistance after independence
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limestone rocks are found at
Sisophon in the west and to the south at Kampot, containing coral and brachiopod fossils. These fossils helped to establish the age of the limestone which is sometimes interbedded with clastic rocks. There is extensive karst landscape with many caves underlying much of
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and limestone are the main non metallic minerals. Phosphorite forms in caves and fissures from
Permian organic material. A small phosphorite mine opened in 1966 with a crushing plant after having first been worked starting in 1919. Cambodia also has gems including sapphire. Pailin, in the area of
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There are no dated
Precambrian rocks in Cambodia, but the gneiss and schist of the Proterozoic Kontum Massif Vietnam extend into the northeast of the country from Vietnam. High-grade metamorphic rocks that may be from the Precambrian are also found at Pailin in the west. This area has
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rocks are very common in
Cambodia, although they do not contain many fossils. Marine Triassic rocks are well documented near Rovieng in the north. Triassic rocks include shale, sandstone, conglomerates and some fragments of volcanic rocks including
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suggests that the
Indochina Terrane was a series of continental fault blocks separated by Permian rifting. Marine conditions were common, although the later periods were marked by lagoon and continent conditions and red beds formed.
309:
Morley, C.K; Ampaiwan, P; Thanudamrong, S; Kuenphan, N; Warren, J (2013). "Development of the Khao Khwang Fold and Thrust Belt: Implications for the geodynamic setting of
Thailand and Cambodia during the Indosinian Orogeny".
174:, the last 2.5 million years, particularly in floodplains and valleys where terraces in the sediment are common. However, sometimes these deposits are very thin over underlying bedrock.
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was found at one location in eastern
Cambodia. The Sre Pok Valley has numerous beds of rock with ammonite fossils, recording deep water sediments near the Vietnamese border by the
155:. These comprise much of the Cardamome Mountains in the southwest and can be up to one to two kilometers thick. Sometimes these rocks also contain plant and pollen remains.
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often extracts gold bearing alluvium, which originated from quartz veins in different rocks. Gold was found at
Suptrup in 1877 and mined until 1940.
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is poorly understood. The region experienced tectonic activity and low-grade metamorphic rock formation throughout the
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As far as dinosaurs go there have been no findings in Cambodia however it is not unlikely that they lived there.
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is the study of the nation's rocks, minerals, water and landforms. Cambodia's ancient geologic history in the
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151:. Continental conditions were the norm and thick sequences of sandstone and conglomerate formed during the
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are also known, although only bauxite appears to be economically valuable. Bauxite formed from
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in the Triassic affected the region with some moderate folding. Hydrocarbon research on the
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weathering of Cenozoic basalt on the Haut Chhalong Plateau near the Vietnamese border.
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Workman, D. R (1997). "Cambodia". In Moores, E.M.; Fairbridge, Rhodes W. (eds.).
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Cambodia has few natural resources, mainly gold and some non-metallic minerals.
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weathering, as well as phosphorite, iron, gems, limestone and other materials.
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rocks in Cambodia. However, there is quite a bit of evidence from the
53:. Cambodia has comparatively few natural resources, although there is
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Encyclopedia of European and Asian Regional Geology
280:. Encyclopedia of Earth Science. pp. 122–7.
65:Stratigraphy, Tectonics & Geologic History
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86:and relatively uniform mineralogy including
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209:Bokeo is known for large, high quality
162:Cenozoic (66 million years ago-present)
143:marine conditions returned. A fossil
102:Paleozoic (539-251 million years ago)
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115:Mesozoic (251-66 million years ago)
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312:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
682:British Indian Ocean Territory
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324:10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.11.021
217:History of geologic research
49:. Few rocks remain from the
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431:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
286:10.1007/1-4020-4495-X_18
178:Natural resource geology
45:and through much of the
22:Geologic map of Cambodia
692:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
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606:United Arab Emirates
751:Geology of Cambodia
633:limited recognition
166:There are very few
129:Indosinian Orogeny
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675:other territories
295:978-0-412-74040-4
192:, iron ore, tin,
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687:Christmas Island
373:Sovereign states
365:Geology of Asia
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184:Artisanal mining
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646:Northern Cyprus
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254:Cambodia portal
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149:Middle Jurassic
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133:Khorat Plateau
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671:Dependencies
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566:Saudi Arabia
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84:granodiorite
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57:formed from
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730:Asia portal
631:States with
551:Philippines
491:South Korea
486:North Korea
381:Afghanistan
206:Phosphorite
139:During the
92:plagioclase
76:amphibolite
35:Precambrian
28:geology of
611:Uzbekistan
586:Tajikistan
501:Kyrgyzstan
481:Kazakhstan
401:Bangladesh
391:Azerbaijan
318:: 705–19.
226:References
213:crystals.
172:Quaternary
153:Cretaceous
111:Cambodia.
106:Extensive
96:hornblende
697:Hong Kong
651:Palestine
576:Sri Lanka
571:Singapore
451:Indonesia
39:Paleozoic
745:Category
720:Category
641:Abkhazia
591:Thailand
546:Pakistan
526:Mongolia
521:Maldives
516:Malaysia
416:Cambodia
202:laterite
168:Cenozoic
145:ammonite
141:Jurassic
125:andesite
120:Triassic
59:laterite
51:Cenozoic
47:Mesozoic
30:Cambodia
616:Vietnam
531:Myanmar
511:Lebanon
441:Georgia
396:Bahrain
386:Armenia
194:greisen
190:Bauxite
108:Permian
80:diorite
55:bauxite
43:Permian
661:Taiwan
596:Turkey
561:Russia
496:Kuwait
476:Jordan
466:Israel
426:Cyprus
411:Brunei
406:Bhutan
292:
211:zircon
198:aplite
127:. The
88:quartz
72:gneiss
702:Macau
621:Yemen
581:Syria
556:Qatar
536:Nepal
471:Japan
446:India
436:Egypt
421:China
541:Oman
506:Laos
461:Iraq
456:Iran
290:ISBN
196:and
94:and
74:and
26:The
673:and
320:doi
282:doi
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264:^
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357:e
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298:.
284::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
