Knowledge (XXG)

George Ernest Morrison

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1214: 259:, 100 miles (160 km) away. Much high mountain country barred the way, and it took 38 days to cover 50 miles. The indigenous population became hostile and, about a month later, Morrison was struck by two spears and almost killed. Retracing their steps, with Morrison strapped to a horse, Port Moresby was reached in days. Here Morrison received medical attention, but it was more than a month before he reached the hospital at Cooktown. Morrison had penetrated farther into New Guinea than any previous European. After a week's recovery in hospital, Morrison went on to Melbourne. The head of a spear remained in his groin, however, as surgical removal was not thought feasible at the time by most surgeons. 538:, at a salary equivalent to ÂŁ4,000 (equivalent to A$ 274,466 in 2022) a year, and immediately went to London to assist in floating a Chinese loan of ÂŁ10 million (equivalent to A$ 686 million in 2023). In China, during the following years, he had an anxious time advising upon, and endeavouring to deal with, the political intrigues that prevailed. He was instrumental in ensuring that Peking foster its relations with the United States over Japan during this period. He visited Australia, again, in December 1917, and returned to Peking, in February 1918. He represented China during the peace discussions at 566: 325:, which he managed to sell outright for ÂŁ75 (equivalent to A$ 5,858 in 2022) and have published in 1895, he spoke well of the personalities of the many missionaries he met; however, he thought them outrageously ineffective, citing Yunnan as an example, where 18 missionaries took eight years to convert 11 Chinese. He later regretted this, as he felt he had given a wrong impression by not sufficiently stressing the value of their social and medical work. 579: 1047: 606:, of Tokyo, for ÂŁ35,000 (equivalent to $ 1,889,184 in 2022), with the provisos that it remain intact and that serious students should have access to it. It had taken 18 years at a cost, by 1912, of ÂŁ12,000 (equivalent to $ 823,397 in 2022) for Morrison to accumulate—ultimately, some 24,000 works. He had no other assets of note at the time of the sale. 29: 399:, and he took up his residence there in the following month. Unfortunately, his lack of knowledge in the Chinese language meant that he could not verify his stories and one author has suggested some of his reports contained bias and deliberate lies against China. Aware of Russian activity in Manchuria at this time, Morrison went to 510:
being always in motion and cognizant of what was going on everywhere, and by far the best informed person within the Legation quadrangle. To this must be added a cool judgement, total disregard of danger and a perpetual sense of responsibility to help everyone to do his best – the most attractive at our impromptu
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Morrison was a tall and fearless man. He had sought adventure, gathering experience and knowledge as he went. Polly Condit Smith, who was alongside Morrison during the Boxer uprising, wrote: "Although he was not a military man he had proved himself one of the most important members of the garrison,
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attached, he completed the journey in 100 days at a total cost of less than ÂŁ30 (equivalent to A$ 2,598 in 2022), which included the wages of two or three Chinese servants whom he picked up and changed on the way as he entered new districts. He was quite unarmed and then knew hardly more than a
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broke out soon after and, during the siege of the legations from June to August, Morrison, an acting-lieutenant, showed great courage, always ready to volunteer in the face of danger. He was superficially wounded in July but was erroneously reported as killed and the subject of a highly laudatory
122:, to its mouth, a distance of some 2,000 kilometres (1,243 mi). The first person to do so, he completed the distance in 65 days. Attracted more to adventure than study, he failed his exams two years running (which he later called "one of the fortunate episodes of my life"). 210:. He was not quite 21, he had no horses or camels, and was unarmed. However, carrying his swag and swimming or wading the rivers in his path, he traversed the necessary 2043 miles (3270 km) in 123 days. No doubt the country had been much opened up in the twenty years since 71:
where Morrison was educated. George Sr married Rebecca Greenwood, of Yorkshire, in 1859, and Morrison was the second child of the marriage. Three of Morrison's seven uncles were rectors of the Presbyterian Church, and two of the four others were principal
506:, where there had been success in stemming its spread. He wrote a series of articles advocating the launch of modern scientific public health services in China. When the Chinese revolution began in 1911, Morrison took the side of the revolutionaries. 593:
Morrison could not speak Chinese fluently, but he was an avid collector of books on China in Western languages. In 1917, Morrison's remarkable library, which contained the largest number of books on China ever collected, was sold to Baron
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In January 1899, he went to Siam and wrote that there was no need for French interference in that country and that it was quite capable of governing itself. He travelled extensively during the following 15 months, returning first to
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and its correspondent, but he had also shown prophetic insight in another phrase of his dispatch, when he stated that "the importance of Japan in relation to the future of Manchuria cannot be disregarded". Germany had
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In his role as adviser to the president of China, Morrison is credited with having a significant influence on China's decision to enter World War I in opposition to Germany, and in its foreign relations thereafter.
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dozen words of Chinese. But he was willing to conform to—and respect—the customs of the people he met, and everywhere he was received with courtesy. In his interesting account of his journey,
495:, a journey of 3,750 miles (6,000 km), which was completed in 174 days. From Andijan, he took a train to St Petersburg, and then traveled to London, arriving on 29 July 1910. 415:
received a telegram from Morrison to say that Russia had presented a five-day ultimatum to China demanding the right to construct a railway to Port Arthur. This was a triumph for
164:, not for financial incentive. His eight-part series, "A Cruise in a Queensland Slaver. By a Medical Student" was, by October, also published in the weekly companion publication, 1295: 1305: 350:
on "The Heredity Factor in the Causation of Various Malformations and Diseases", and received his M.D. degree in August 1895. He was introduced to Moberly Bell, editor of
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for being unable to "write up to standard", he turned down a lucrative offer to return to medical practice in Ballarat for ship's surgeon on a boat to London. He went to
1057: 170:. Written in a tone of wonder, and expressing "only the mildest criticism"; six months later, Morrison "revised his original assessment", describing details of the 294:, and travelled in the interior. Study at Paris, under Dr. Charcot, followed before he returned to Australia in 1890; for two years he was resident surgeon at the 1300: 1265: 1226: 84:
between 1861 until 1899. He won Geelong College's Scripture History gold medal in 1876 and, an all-round athlete, the Geelong College Cup for running in 1878.
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broke out on 10 February 1904, Morrison became a correspondent with the Japanese army. He was present at the entry of the Japanese into Port Arthur (now
456:. The army then ransacked much of the palaces in Peking, with Morrison taking part in the looting, making off with silks, furs, porcelain and bronzes. 1315: 275:. The professor removed the spear head successfully, and Morrison resumed his medical studies there. He graduated M.B., Ch.M., on 1 August 1887. 1320: 518:, on the other hand, in Peking at the same time as Morrison, regarded him as a lazy, self-indulgent man—intolerant, racist, and unprincipled. 1285: 1016: 972: 1233:
forward to The Correspondence of George E. Morrison, 1895–1912, edited by Lo Hui-min (Cambridge University Press, 1974), vol.1, pp.vii-xiv.
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Morrison had married, in 1912, Jennie Wark Robin (1889–1923), his former secretary, who survived him by only three years. His three sons,
332:, where he became seriously ill with intermittent fever and nearly died. Having recovered, he returned to Geelong in November 1894 on the 986: 1280: 1185: 1168: 535: 106:
for seven guineas. Despite having already made up his mind to become a "Special Correspondent", he initially studied medicine at the
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The collection, considered by far the most extensive Asiatic library ever assembled, subsequently became the foundation of the
73: 226:, had annexed part of New Guinea and was vainly endeavouring to secure the support of the British government for his action. 182:
editorials, sparked considerable debate, leading to government intervention to eradicate what was, by Morrison's account, a
102:, following the coastline, a distance of about 650 miles (960 km) in 46 days. He sold his diary of the journey to the 1275: 515: 403:
in June. He travelled over a thousand miles to Stretensk and then across Manchuria to Vladivostok again. He reported to
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had promised ÂŁ1 a column (equivalent to A$ 76 in 2022), so it's reasonable to believe Morrison was doing this as a
1143: 1130: 1121: 1223: 214:' well-funded failure, but the journey was nevertheless a remarkable feat, which stamped Morrison as a great natural 1189: 1062: 306:
Leaving the hospital in May 1893, he went to the East Asia, and in February 1894 began a journey from Shanghai to
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Morrison, George Ernest (1895). "The hereditary factor in the causation of various malformations and diseases".
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after a stormy passage. On 24 July 1883, Morrison, with a small party started with the intention of crossing to
1163: 809: 654: 555: 554:(1913–1950), Alastair Gwynne (1915–2009), and Colin (1917–1990), all grew to adulthood and graduated at the 347: 321: 272: 119: 107: 80:, where George Sr also taught mathematics for six months. Another Uncle, Donald Morrison, was the Rector of 1129:"The Objects of the Foundation of the Lectureship, and a Review of Dr Morrison's Life in China," W.P. Chen 637: 178:
operation, and sharply denouncing the slave trade in Queensland. His articles, letters to the editor, and
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Morrison's diaries, manuscripts and papers were bequeathed to the Mitchell Library, Sydney, Australia.
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and rode and walked the remainder of the 3,000 miles (4,800 km). Disguised under a hat with
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During a vacation in early 1880, before his tertiary education, he walked from the heads at
91:—so much so, in fact, that he wrote a book on Australian exploration in admiration of him. 1230: 894: 440: 211: 526:
Citing poor pay and lack of prospects, in August 1912 Morrison resigned his position at
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towards the end of 1897, and a great struggle for political preponderacy was going on.
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that Russian engineers were making preliminary surveys from Kirin towards Port Arthur (
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and explorer. He arrived at Melbourne on 21 April 1883 to find that during his journey
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Rare Books: 27 rare books selected from the collection of Dr. George Ernest Morrison.
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were relieved on 14 August 1900 by an army of various nationalities under General
408: 354:, who appointed him a special correspondent in the East. In November, he went to 531: 400: 279: 268: 199: 48: 40: 1224:"Dr George Morrison and his Correspondence," An Appreciation by C.P. FitzGerald 1205: 1195: 1240: 1199: 1077: 610: 603: 240: 223: 195: 157: 135: 110:. After passing his first year, the 18-year-old took a vacation trip down the 810:"Manuscripts, oral history & pictures - State Library of New South Wales" 43:
journalist, political adviser to and representative of the government of the
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After graduation, Morrison travelled extensively in the United States, the
28: 618: 559: 355: 343: 329: 291: 215: 99: 1050: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the 63:, Australia. His father George Morrison, who emigrated from Edinkillie, 542:, in 1919, but his health began to decline, and he retired to England. 498:
Morrison returned to China the next year and, when plague broke out in
488: 484: 429: 374: 307: 287: 152: 143: 873: 411:). On the very day his communication arrived in London, 6 March 1898, 1103:
The man who died twice: the life and adventures of Morrison of Peking
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and owner of the then largest Asiatic library ever assembled.
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Dragon Lady: The Life and Legend of the Last Empress of China
1023:(Interview). Interviewed by Ramona Koval. ABC Radio National 1138:"Reminiscences of George E. Morrison; and Chinese Abroad," 392:
appointed Morrison as the first permanent correspondent at
436:, England, Australia, Japan and back to Peking via Korea. 975:, Official Toyo Bunko website, retrieved 17 November 2009 631:
A fictional account of Morrison's romantic affair with
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to provide for an annual lecture in Morrison's memory.
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Morrison's father decided to send the young George to
336:. He did not stay long. After being refused a job at 282:, and Spain, where he became medical officer at the 67:, Scotland, to Australia in 1858, was headmaster of 361:From Siam, he crossed into southern China, and at 206:, at the end of 1882, Morrison decided to walk to 808:Maker Unknown, State Library of New South Wales. 239:, Morrison was sent on an exploration journey to 929:The Siege at Peking, Peter Fleming, 1959, Dorset 365:fell seriously ill from what he diagnosed to be 198:and did part of the return journey on a Chinese 837:Undercover Reporting: The Truth About Deception 448:on 17 July 1900. After a siege of 55 days, the 328:After his arrival at Rangoon, Morrison went to 667:who met Morrison many times in Peking, 1900–06 142:, for three months, which sought to "recruit" 1182:Morrison, George Ernest (Chinese) (1862–1920) 939:"A life of adventure from Beijing and beyond" 840:. Northwestern University Press. p. 33. 784:"The History of The Glasgow Academy | Alumni" 8: 1296:War correspondents of the Russo-Japanese War 716:. Sydney, Australia: Angus & Robertson. 615:George Ernest Morrison Lecture in Ethnology 358:and travelled extensively in the interior. 1116:"The Early Days of the Morrison Lecture," 910: 908: 906: 904: 1306:Australian book and manuscript collectors 958:Hermit of Peking. The hidden life of Sir 444:obituary notice occupying two columns of 263:Education, graduation and further travels 134:, while posing as crew of the brigantine 1215:Works by or about George Ernest Morrison 763: 761: 759: 757: 755: 753: 751: 749: 747: 745: 743: 707: 705: 703: 701: 377:, a journey of nearly a thousand miles. 1094:– (Angus & Robertson, Sydney 1941). 963:. London: Eland, ²2008; pp. 43 and 380. 741: 739: 737: 735: 733: 731: 729: 727: 725: 723: 699: 697: 695: 693: 691: 689: 687: 685: 683: 681: 677: 39:(4 February 1862 – 30 May 1920) was an 890: 879: 1301:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh 1266:Australian people of Scottish descent 1084:– 2 vols, (Cambridge U. Press, 1976). 530:to become a political adviser to the 290:, became physician to the Shereef of 150:scheme that Morrison had hatched for 126:Slave ship undercover reporting, 1882 19:For the sinologist and linguist, see 7: 1017:"Linda Jaivin, A Most Immoral Woman" 621:, a fund having been established by 1082:The Correspondence of G.E. Morrison 1311:People from the Colony of Victoria 1291:People educated at Geelong College 1271:20th-century Australian geologists 1186:Australian Dictionary of Biography 1169:Dictionary of Australian Biography 834:Kroeger, Brooke (31 August 2012). 770:Dr G E Morrison and the Toyo Bunko 130:On 1 June 1882, he sailed for the 87:At 16, Morrison idolised explorer 32:G. E. Morrison, in a 1902 portrait 14: 613:in Tokyo. In 1932, the inaugural 467:) early in 1905, and represented 1045: 310:. He went partly by boat up the 16:Australian geologist (1862–1920) 1316:Australian expatriates in China 1206:Works by George Ernest Morrison 623:Chinese residents of Australia 562:, Devon, and is buried there. 271:, professor of surgery at the 1: 1321:People of the Boxer Rebellion 1056:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). " 987:"A Most Immoral Woman (2009)" 558:. He died on 30 May 1920, at 1286:Burials at Brompton Cemetery 1105:– (Allen & Unwin, 2004. 346:, presented a thesis to the 21:Robert Morrison (missionary) 569:George Morrison (1862–1920) 1337: 1281:The Age (Melbourne) people 479:, and, in 1910, rode from 18: 1192:, 1986, pp. 593–596. 1164:"Morrison, George Ernest" 473:Portsmouth, New Hampshire 78:Scotch College, Melbourne 76:) and master (Robert) of 1147:Issue 34 (December 2007) 1134:Issue 34 (December 2007) 814:acmssearch.sl.nsw.gov.au 1063:Encyclopædia Britannica 1058:Morrison, George Ernest 973:"Historical Background" 655:Anglo-Chinese relations 556:University of Cambridge 348:University of Edinburgh 286:. He then proceeded to 273:University of Edinburgh 120:Albury, New South Wales 108:University of Melbourne 889:Cite journal requires 604:Mitsubishi Corporation 586: 585:George Ernest Morrison 570: 322:An Australian in China 194:Morrison next visited 37:George Ernest Morrison 33: 1229:10 April 2011 at the 1174:Angus & Robertson 942:Sydney Morning Herald 768:Enoki, Kazuo (1967). 712:Pearl, Cyril (1967). 641:by Australian author 581: 568: 236:Sydney Morning Herald 204:Normanton, Queensland 156:; storied proprietor 96:Queenscliff, Victoria 59:Morrison was born in 31: 1092:Sky High to Shanghai 920:Vintage Books, 1993. 638:A Most Immoral Woman 432:, then on to Korea, 245:Cooktown, Queensland 148:undercover reporting 89:Henry Morton Stanley 1276:People from Geelong 1097:Peter Thompson and 788:The Glasgow Academy 82:The Glasgow Academy 69:The Geelong College 1145:East Asian History 1132:East Asian History 1125:34 (December 2007) 1123:East Asian History 1015:(5 January 2010). 993:on 25 January 2014 714:Morrison of Peking 587: 571: 461:Russo-Japanese War 422:occupied Kiao-chao 388:In February 1897, 34: 1210:Project Gutenberg 954:Hugh Trevor-Roper 772:. The Toyo Bunko. 635:was published in 617:was delivered at 602:, the founder of 522:Political adviser 487:, across Asia to 243:. He sailed from 222:, the premier of 220:Thomas McIlwraith 61:Geelong, Victoria 45:Republic of China 1328: 1219:Internet Archive 1180:J. S. Gregory, ' 1177: 1067: 1049: 1048: 1033: 1032: 1030: 1028: 1009: 1003: 1002: 1000: 998: 989:. Archived from 982: 976: 970: 964: 960:Edmund Backhouse 951: 945: 936: 930: 927: 921: 912: 899: 898: 892: 887: 885: 877: 865: 859: 858: 856: 854: 831: 825: 824: 822: 820: 805: 799: 798: 796: 794: 780: 774: 773: 765: 718: 717: 709: 633:Mae Ruth Perkins 611:Oriental Library 536:Chinese Republic 257:Dyke Ackland Bay 162:moral imperative 114:in a canoe, the 1336: 1335: 1331: 1330: 1329: 1327: 1326: 1325: 1246: 1245: 1231:Wayback Machine 1196:Digital Archive 1160:Serle, Percival 1158: 1155: 1074: 1072:Further reading 1055: 1046: 1042: 1037: 1036: 1026: 1024: 1011: 1010: 1006: 996: 994: 984: 983: 979: 971: 967: 952: 948: 937: 933: 928: 924: 913: 902: 888: 878: 867: 866: 862: 852: 850: 848: 833: 832: 828: 818: 816: 807: 806: 802: 792: 790: 782: 781: 777: 767: 766: 721: 711: 710: 679: 674: 651: 576: 548: 524: 516:Sir Robert Hart 386: 304: 265: 212:Burke and Wills 192: 128: 57: 49:First World War 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1334: 1332: 1324: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1248: 1247: 1244: 1243: 1234: 1221: 1212: 1203: 1193: 1178: 1154: 1153:External links 1151: 1150: 1149: 1136: 1127: 1118:Benjamin Penny 1114: 1099:Robert Macklin 1095: 1085: 1073: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1004: 985:Linda Jaivin. 977: 965: 946: 944:12 August 2009 931: 922: 900: 891:|journal= 860: 846: 826: 800: 775: 719: 676: 675: 673: 670: 669: 668: 662: 657: 650: 647: 600:Iwasaki YatarĹŤ 596:Iwasaki Hisaya 575: 572: 547: 544: 523: 520: 454:Alfred Gaselee 441:Boxer Uprising 385: 379: 367:bubonic plague 334:Port Melbourne 303: 300: 284:Rio Tinto mine 264: 261: 251:, arriving at 191: 188: 127: 124: 56: 53: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1333: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1253: 1251: 1242: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1170: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1146: 1141: 1137: 1135: 1133: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1119: 1115: 1112: 1111:1-74114-012-9 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1071: 1065: 1064: 1059: 1053: 1052:public domain 1044: 1043: 1039: 1022: 1021:The Book Show 1018: 1014: 1013:Jaivin, Linda 1008: 1005: 992: 988: 981: 978: 974: 969: 966: 962: 961: 955: 950: 947: 943: 940: 935: 932: 926: 923: 919: 916: 911: 909: 907: 905: 901: 896: 883: 875: 871: 864: 861: 849: 847:9780810163515 843: 839: 838: 830: 827: 815: 811: 804: 801: 789: 785: 779: 776: 771: 764: 762: 760: 758: 756: 754: 752: 750: 748: 746: 744: 742: 740: 738: 736: 734: 732: 730: 728: 726: 724: 720: 715: 708: 706: 704: 702: 700: 698: 696: 694: 692: 690: 688: 686: 684: 682: 678: 671: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 653: 652: 648: 646: 644: 640: 639: 634: 629: 626: 624: 620: 616: 612: 607: 605: 601: 597: 591: 584: 580: 573: 567: 563: 561: 557: 553: 546:Personal life 545: 543: 541: 537: 533: 529: 521: 519: 517: 513: 507: 505: 501: 496: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 457: 455: 451: 447: 442: 437: 435: 431: 425: 423: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 395: 391: 384:correspondent 383: 380: 378: 376: 372: 368: 364: 359: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 340: 335: 331: 326: 324: 323: 317: 313: 312:Yangtze River 309: 301: 299: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 276: 274: 270: 262: 260: 258: 254: 250: 247:, in a small 246: 242: 238: 237: 232: 227: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 202:. 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Retrieved 787: 778: 769: 713: 665:Ernest Satow 643:Linda Jaivin 636: 630: 627: 608: 592: 588: 549: 527: 525: 508: 497: 468: 458: 445: 438: 426: 416: 412: 404: 396: 393: 389: 387: 381: 360: 351: 338: 333: 327: 320: 305: 277: 266: 253:Port Moresby 234: 230: 229:Financed by 228: 193: 179: 176:blackbirding 171: 165: 151: 139: 132:New Hebrides 129: 115: 112:Murray River 103: 93: 86: 58: 36: 35: 25: 1261:1920 deaths 1256:1862 births 1188:, Vol. 10, 1140:Wu Lien-Teh 819:20 December 793:7 September 491:in Russian 401:Vladivostok 280:West Indies 269:John Chiene 184:slave trade 47:during the 1250:Categories 1200:Toyo Bunko 1172:. 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Index

Robert Morrison (missionary)

Australian
Republic of China
First World War
Geelong, Victoria
Elgin
The Geelong College
Alexander
Scotch College, Melbourne
The Glasgow Academy
Henry Morton Stanley
Queenscliff, Victoria
Adelaide
University of Melbourne
Murray River
Albury, New South Wales
New Hebrides
slave ship
Kanakas
undercover reporting
The Age
David Syme
moral imperative
The Leader
blackbirding
slave trade
New Guinea
junk
Normanton, Queensland

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