1101:"Review of Our Fight - Writings by Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade, Spain, 1936-1939; Prisoners of the Good Fight - the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939; With the Reds in Andalusia; La Niña Bonita agus an RoisĂn Dubh - CuimhnĂ Cinn ar Chogadh Cathartha na SpĂĄinne; Charlie Donnelly - The Life and Poems; Cheetham to Cordova - a Manchester Man of the Thirties; Mississippi to Madrid - Memoirs of a Black American in the Spanish Civil War; Kolonna Konnolli; Al Tocar Diana - Songs from a Franco Prison - a Reminiscence in Song and Prose"
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726:... efficient, capable, with loads of courage; above all, a typical British officer ... who when giving orders left those receiving them under no illusions as to what was required ... At first I thought him a snob, yet I shall never forget on the third day of Jarama, among the chaos and the slaughter, he stood out as the most capable officer.
375:. He rose from private to company sergeant major and "after three years and 334 days in the service, he was commissioned in the field on 9 April 1917" to become "the only Jewish officer in the Brigade of Guards". This is what he claimed but Nathan was, as his medal index card shows, commissioned into the
731:
In Spain, where he invariably appeared immaculately dressed, his boots being polished to the point of dazzlement by one or other of his invariably good-looking batmen, he genuinely found himself a mercenary leader â resourceful, brave and respected by all. The very sight of Nathan, with his
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in
February, one of the most heated contests of the Spanish Civil War. Particularly on the third day, he is claimed to have been the most capable officer of the XV International Brigade. During this battle, the Brigade lost more than half of their men; 375 out of 600 died; including
456:
by
Richard Bennett in 1961 stated that two former Auxiliary Division members had anonymously identified Nathan as the killer of the two mayors. Local rumours in Limerick claimed that Leslie Ibbotson was the other man involved, but this has never been proven.
446:
had knocked on the door of each, claiming to be a search party and once inside struggled with each party, shooting them. George Clancy's wife MĂĄire, who had struggled with the party before they shot her husband, identified George Nathan in a statement.
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that he agreed with
Kathleen O'Callaghan (wife of one of the men killed, Michael O'Callaghan) that the mayors were "murdered by police, acting under orders, as part of a plan to 'do away with' Sinn Fein leaders, and put the blame on Sinn Fein".
737:
At the end of the battle, the gallant
English major ... was killed.... In his last moments, he ordered those around to sing him out of life. At nightfall he was buried in a rough coffin beneath the olive trees near the River Guadarrama ...
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as a private, but had left the military by
October 1922 at his own request. Having spent his entire adulthood in the military, Nathan was ill-prepared for civilian life. He worked a number of jobs, such as being a doorman for
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did not go down well with the
Communist International representatives (being then defined in official MarxistâLeninist terminology as a "fascist perversion") and though he professed a vague allegiance to
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claims that, "the meeting responded to the spirit of his speech and clapped him." Nevertheless, later that month the Irish volunteers voted 26 for and 11 against the motion to instead join the
American
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either because of his "sexual orientation" or because of his unwillingness to "pretend great political enthusiasm" - Comintern observers admired him for his "cool arrogance under fire".
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689:. Aside from this, as a man with proven military experience, he was an asset at a time when the British volunteers consisted mostly of people with little prior training.
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politicians, which later contributed to the alienation of Irish volunteers in the
International Brigades from their British counterparts during the Spanish Civil War.
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and the
Nathans had been settled in England since the 18th century. His mother was an Englishwoman and was a Christian. George Nathan himself was baptised into the
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on 24 January 1897. Although nominally raised an
Anglican and identifying himself as such earlier in life, after 1917 he referred to himself as Jewish.
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but was appointed battalion commander in early 1937 following the execution of his predecessor for espionage. Nathan later became Chief of Staff of the
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before arriving in Spain. However, he proved to be generally popular among the rank and file of the International Brigades, according to the likes of
616:. However, problems emerged when some Irish members were unhappy about being referred to as part of a "British Battalion" (the Communist name of the
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and was killed in action on 16 July 1937 at the Battle of Brunete. Even though he had been turned down in his attempt to join the
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550:) of the Second Spanish Republic. Nathan elected to travel to Spain in December 1936, where he joined the mostly French
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During his service in the Auxiliary Division, Nathan was suspected of being involved with a series of assassinations in
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Nathan denied being a fascist, saying he had come to Spain to fight fascism and that "we are Socialists together now."
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aerial bombardment and died on the 17 July 1937. Romantic myth claims he was "buried under olive trees close to the
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In 1920, Nathan was discharged from the Royal Warwickshire Regiment. On October of that year, Nathan joined the
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After returning from Dublin, Nathan relinquished his commission and rejoined the British Army; this time the
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601:.) That day Nathan had organised a retreat under fire, which saved even more of his men from being killed.
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also found out that they were subordinated to two former members of the Auxiliary Division from the
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395:(RIC) and was posted to G Company as a Section Leader, being stationed at the Lakeside Hotel in
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In the Spanish Civil War, Nathan initially commanded the British company of the majority-French
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in February 1928, intending to become a farmer, but only found work as a salesman, staying in
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executed for "incompetence, cowardice" and being a "fascist spy" (on the recommendation of
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648:"If you want to shoot me for what happened in Ireland, all right, but I was under orders."
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565:. This was a disaster for the International Brigade, in their attempt to take the town of
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Battalion had not caught on and the Spanish referred to them even more offensively as "
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on 30 April 1921 and left the Auxiliary Division on 2 May 1921, returning to London.
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487:. He also worked as a butcher. He briefly rejoined the Army as a private in the
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407:, working heavily in conjunction with paramilitary RIC constables known as the
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399:. The Auxiliary Division was a paramilitary unit of the RIC and fought in the
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581:. 78 of the 145 "British" (which also included Irish) Company died including
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677:, he was not a hardcore MarxistâLeninist and had not been a member of the
279:(20 January 1895 â 16 July 1937) was an English soldier who served in the
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and the other Irishmen that he had indeed served the Auxiliaries in
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for some years. His financial state was poor and he wrote to the
593:, the political commissar, had Marseillaise Battalion commander
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British military personnel of the Irish War of Independence
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gold-tipped swagger stick, was an encouragement to his men.
713:," but he was actually buried in the village cemetery of
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where he was killed as a result of bomb fragments from a
461:, a former Auxiliary Division officer, wrote in his book
636:. The tension was such that Nathan, confronted, said to
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According to Copeman, Nathan performed well during the
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government (ranging from the bourgeois liberals of the
1864:
Police misconduct during the Irish War of Independence
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Military personnel from the London Borough of Hackney
761:
The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939
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442:were all shot and killed in their homes. Groups of
422:which took place on 7 March 1921, when the sitting
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1884:International Brigades personnel killed in action
561:Nathan's first action in the conflict was at the
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558:, as a Captain of the British Company with it.
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803:, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2007.
8:
589:. Comintern were embarrassed by this and so
1839:British military personnel killed in action
763:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2006.
1197:
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1175:
773:Bennett, Richard, "Portrait of a Killer",
569:, they were decimated by local Andalusian
334:Samuel George Montague Nathan was born in
38:
27:
1075:Irish volunteers in the British Battalion
491:but was discharged with ignominy after a
960:
958:
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912:White, Lawrence William (October 2009).
842:Irish Politics and the Spanish Civil War
1829:British people of the Spanish Civil War
996:
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483:, but was fired after trying to form a
16:British International Brigade volunteer
1089:; TheAuxiliaries.com, 11 November 2016
1077:; RichardBaxell.info, 11 November 2016
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1869:Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers officers
1824:British Army personnel of World War I
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701:. Nathan finally came unstuck at the
7:
1736:International Brigade Memorial Trust
1051:; Auxiliaries.com, 11 November 2016
1027:; Auxiliaries.com, 11 November 2016
865:, 1989. Columbia University Press.
858:, 1985, John Cornford Poetry Group.
514:began in the summer of 1936 in the
19:For the American drama critic, see
411:. Nathan was ordered to return to
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1874:West Yorkshire Regiment soldiers
1680:Communist Party of Great Britain
1285:
679:Communist Party of Great Britain
546:to the Marxist-Leninists of the
522:was launched by elements of the
507:in 1935, requesting assistance.
324:Communist Party of Great Britain
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844:, 1999, Cork University Press.
524:Spanish Republican Armed Forces
495:on 25 May 1926. He traveled to
1747:Songs of the Lincoln Battalion
624:"). Irish volunteers from the
434:, councillor and former mayor
223:Major (International Brigades)
1:
1700:Communist Party of Yugoslavia
1267:JosĂ© Antonio Valledor Ălvarez
1169:George Samuel Montague Nathan
919:Dictionary of Irish Biography
277:Samuel George Montague Nathan
45:
32:Samuel George Montague Nathan
1338:MackenzieâPapineau Battalion
450:An article published in the
1889:People from Hackney, London
1844:Deaths by German airstrikes
1814:Army Cyclist Corps soldiers
1328:Sixth of February Battalion
1207:XV International Brigade â
779:, 24 March 1961, pp 471â472
377:Royal Warwickshire Regiment
153:Royal Warwickshire Regiment
1910:
1690:Communist Party of Ireland
1060:Bennett (1961), pp 471-472
856:With the Reds in Andalusia
18:
1894:Jewish military personnel
1685:Communist Party of Canada
1283:
1099:O'Riordan, Manus (1988).
612:was founded, training at
556:XIV International Brigade
526:. In September 1936, the
401:Irish War of Independence
383:Irish War of Independence
221:Lieutenant (British Army)
37:
610:XV International Brigade
548:Communist Party of Spain
393:Royal Irish Constabulary
338:in 1895. His father was
320:XV International Brigade
289:Royal Irish Constabulary
233:XV International Brigade
1819:British Anti-Francoists
1726:Communist International
1705:Communist Party of Cuba
1444:Carmelo Delgado Delgado
1312:American Medical Bureau
837:, 1948. Blandford Press
801:Comrades and Commissars
786:. Quartet Books, 1979.
528:Communist International
516:Second Spanish Republic
476:West Yorkshire Regiment
181:West Yorkshire Regiment
120:Second Spanish Republic
1753:Viva la Quinta Brigada
1721:International Brigades
1025:George Montague Nathan
784:Apprentices of Freedom
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728:
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552:Marseillaise Battalion
538:to assist the sitting
536:International Brigades
520:Nationalist insurgency
397:Killaloe, County Clare
316:Marseillaise Battalion
301:International Brigades
231:Chief of Staff of the
209:International Brigades
1609:Harry Wayland Randall
1171:at TheAuxiliaries.com
890:The Spanish Civil War
880:The Spanish Civil War
646:
604:In January 1937, the
534:decided to found the
530:under the control of
405:Irish Republican Army
379:and was never a CSM.
1554:Paddy Roe McLaughlin
1404:Christopher Caudwell
1399:Edward A. Carter Jr.
1343:Washington Battalion
1253:Robert Hale Merriman
1049:Shooting in Limerick
950:Beevor (2006), p 280
940:Thomas (2003), p 477
699:Christopher Caudwell
497:Halifax, Nova Scotia
1763:Yugoslav volunteers
1695:Republican Congress
1675:Communist Party USA
1248:(Aug 1937âMar 1938)
892:, 2003. 4th Rev. Ed
863:The Shattered Dream
840:McGarry, Fearghal.
668:Nathan's purported
626:Republican Congress
459:Frank Percy Crozier
436:Michael O'Callaghan
367:, he fought in the
1849:English communists
1773:Yugoslav Partisans
1649:Robert G. Thompson
1379:James Walker Benét
1323:Dimitrov Battalion
622:el batallón inglés
389:Auxiliary Division
293:Auxiliary Division
167:Auxiliary Division
139:Army Cyclist Corps
21:George Jean Nathan
1859:Jewish socialists
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1758:Jewish volunteers
1668:Political parties
1589:Michael O'Riordan
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1307:Lincoln Battalion
1302:British Battalion
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964:Eby (2007), p 202
914:"O'Connor, Peter"
871:978-0-88033-160-9
850:978-1-85918-239-0
826:978-0-571-10310-2
809:978-0-271-02910-8
792:978-0-7043-2186-1
769:978-0-297-84832-5
703:Battle of Brunete
659:Lincoln Battalion
634:Wilfred Macartney
606:British Battalion
587:Ralph Winston Fox
575:and the Moroccan
512:Spanish Civil War
470:Spanish Civil War
440:Joseph O'Donoghue
424:mayor of Limerick
344:Church of England
305:Spanish Civil War
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267:Battle of Brunete
251:Spanish Civil War
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44:Nathan in Spain,
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1449:Charles Donnelly
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26:
22:
1854:English Jews
1778:Atomic spies
1745:
1659:Milton Wolff
1614:Patrick Read
1604:KoÄa PopoviÄ
1599:Will Paynter
1574:Steve Nelson
1568:
1494:Jason Gurney
1469:Leo Eloesser
1419:Fred Copeman
1414:Morris Cohen
1384:Alvah Bessie
1364:Bernard Ades
1333:24 Battalion
1225:JĂĄnos GĂĄlicz
1208:
1153:
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1141:
1137:
1132:(1948), p 82
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1000:Monks (1985)
985:
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946:
939:
935:
923:. Retrieved
917:
889:
886:Thomas, Hugh
879:
876:Thomas, Hugh
862:
855:
854:Monks, Joe.
841:
834:
817:
800:
783:
774:
760:
736:
730:
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715:Torrelodones
691:
687:Fred Copeman
683:Jason Gurney
667:
651:
647:
621:
603:
576:
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509:
473:
462:
451:
449:
417:
403:against the
386:
369:British Army
362:
333:
313:
281:British Army
276:
275:
239:Battles/wars
83:(1937-07-16)
81:16 July 1937
25:
1809:1937 deaths
1804:1895 births
1549:Alex McDade
1514:Salaria Kea
1489:David Guest
1479:Hugh Garner
1474:Moe Fishman
1409:Lewis Clive
1389:Delmer Berg
1270: [
614:Madrigueras
591:André Marty
485:trade union
481:Peter Jones
430:politician
363:During the
359:World War I
295:during the
285:World War I
243:World War I
54:Nickname(s)
1798:Categories
1624:Frank Ryan
1529:Laurie Lee
1524:Oliver Law
1509:Jack Jones
1484:John Gates
1434:Peter Daly
1295:Battalions
1218:Commanders
897:References
797:Eby, Cecil
638:Frank Ryan
618:Saklatvala
348:Bow Street
330:Background
98:Allegiance
1783:Smith Act
1559:Kosta NaÄ
1539:Yank Levy
1454:Bob Doyle
1117:0332-1169
1111:: 56â59.
675:socialism
654:Joe Monks
578:regulares
428:Sinn FĂ©in
309:Sinn FĂ©in
212:(1936-37)
198:(1925-26)
184:(1921-22)
170:(1920-21)
156:(1917-20)
142:(1913-17)
820:, 1974.
572:requetés
420:Limerick
354:Military
299:and the
228:Commands
126:Service/
1714:Related
1310:(incl.
1130:Copeman
1105:Saothar
925:27 July
751:Sources
661:as the
608:of the
554:of the
518:, as a
391:of the
371:on the
303:in the
283:during
72:England
1352:People
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1154:Thomas
1142:Thomas
1115:
1037:Thomas
1010:Thomas
986:Gurney
974:Gurney
869:
848:
824:
807:
790:
767:
721:Quotes
567:Lopera
501:Canada
413:Dublin
340:Jewish
287:, the
128:branch
88:Madrid
1274:]
740:"Gal"
92:Spain
1113:ISSN
927:2022
867:ISBN
846:ISBN
822:ISBN
805:ISBN
788:ISBN
765:ISBN
742:and
685:and
585:and
510:The
218:Rank
78:Died
62:Born
48:1937
291:'s
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1272:es
1109:13
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1065:^
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644:.
23:.
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