431:
After several weeks in orbit, the members of the Salyut 6 crew were able to examine the finer details of the landscape, which included the traces left on the water surface by typhoons, enormous solitary waves that were over 100 kilometers long, and some of the characteristic features of the ocean floor. On March 15, after spending a record-setting total of 96 days in orbit, Grechko and
Romanenko finally left the Salyut 6 Space Station and returned to earth aboard the Soyuz 27 spacecraft. After spending such an extended period of time in orbit, the crew began an expanded exercise routine a week prior to departure that was intended to minimize the effects of the return to normal gravity. Despite this training, both Grechko and Romanenko struggled to complete easy tasks shortly following their return, such as turning a radio dial or lifting a cup of tea. Fortunately, neither cosmonaut reported any serious readjustment issues.
400:
remainder of their mission aboard the three room, 20 ton station. During their time aboard the Salyut 4 Space
Station, Grechko and Gubarev conducted a wide range of studies that included infrared temperature scans of earth’s upper atmosphere, stellar observations and X-ray studies of the sun. In order to maintain fitness in weightlessness, Grechko spent up to two hours a day exercising on a bicycle and treadmill, as well as experimenting with wearing negative pressure suits. Grechko and Gubarev spent a total of 30 days in orbit, which set the Soviet record at the time, before returning safely on 9 February 1975.
427:, who linked their Soyuz 27 craft with the Salyut 6 Space Station and spent five days aboard the station along with Grechko and Romanenko, before returning to earth in Soyuz 26 craft. This event marked the first double docking and first double crew occupancy of a space station. On March 4, Grechko and Romanenko were joined by a different Soviet crew, consisting of Aleksei Gubarev (Grechko’s partner from his previous mission) and Czechoslavakian Vladimir Raemk, the first non-Russian cosmonaut.
44:
467:
430:
The crew members of the Salyut 6 Space
Station became the first men to carry out a systematic visual-instrumental observation of the earth. Their extended stay is what allowed the crew to pull off such an observation, as it takes two to three weeks for human eyesight to adapt to conditions in orbit.
399:
were crewmen of the Soyuz 17-Salyut 4 mission. The Soyuz 17 rocket launched on 26 December 1974 and successfully docked with the Salyut 4 Space
Station on 12 January 1975. This successful docking marked only the second complete success in five Soyuz-Salyut undertakings. The cosmonauts spent the
205:
787:
407:
during the Soyuz 26-Salyut 6 mission. The crew boarded the Soviet Salyut 6 Space
Station, where they would stay long enough to eclipse the 84-day record set in 1974 by US Skylab astronauts
797:
472:
457:
324:. Grechko has written his memoirs as "Космонавт No. 34: От лучины до пришельцев," (Cosmonaut No. 34 From Splinter to Aliens) Olma Media Grupp, Moscow, 2013.
292:'s design bureau and from there was selected for cosmonaut training for the Soviet Moon programme. When that program was cancelled, he went on to work on the
757:
203:
782:
772:
792:
462:
727:
204:
767:
285:
802:
281:
161:
377:
357:
195:
732:
478:
339:
446:
321:
762:
387:
Grechko died aged 85 as a result of several chronic illnesses. He was survived by wife
Lyudmila and daughter Olga.
347:
777:
722:
S. P. Korolev. Encyclopedia of life and creativity" – edited by C. A. Lopota, RSC Energia. S. P. Korolev, 2014
441:
424:
314:
128:
700:
395:
Georgy
Grechko’s first mission to space began during the winter of 1974, when he and fellow Soviet cosmonaut
408:
807:
752:
747:
645:
420:
468:
Jubilee Medal "In
Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary since the Birth of Vladimir Il'ich Lenin"
599:
369:
531:
723:
661:
373:
653:
591:
303:
226:
67:
704:
396:
733:
The official website of the city administration
Baikonur – Honorary citizens of Baikonur
649:
452:
404:
289:
657:
320:
He resigned from the space programme in 1992 to lecture on atmospheric physics at the
741:
416:
412:
365:
296:
719:"Cosmonaut No. 34. From a sliver to aliens" (G. M. Grechko, 2013, OLMA Media Group)
335:
331:
328:
234:
104:
71:
240:. He flew to space on three missions, each bound for rendezvous with a different
202:
381:
269:
261:
179:
17:
493:
352:
237:
43:
665:
419:. In January 1978, Grechko and Romanenko were joined by fellow cosmonauts
636:
Vasyutin, Vladimir V.; Tishchenko, Artur A. (1989). "Space
Coloristics".
307:
265:
257:
253:
249:
245:
175:
171:
118:
543:
603:
293:
241:
108:
93:
89:
595:
268:. During the latter mission, Grechko helped to relieve the crew of
788:
Recipients of the Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"
697:
351:, and as a result attained pop culture status in his home city of
211:
Grechko's interview on the Echo of Moscow program, 23 January 2008
548:
519:
345:
Grechko had a brief cameo role in Richard Viktorov's 1981 film
380:
in 1984. Membership is open to all people who have flown in
403:
In December 1977, Georgy Grechko returned to space with
698:
Official website of the Danish Astronautical Society
483:
Distinguished Member, Association of Space Explorers
284:
with a doctorate in mathematics. He was a member of
167:
157:
147:
142:
124:
114:
100:
78:
53:
34:
798:Heroes of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
8:
473:Medal "For the Development of Virgin Lands"
272:, who had repaired damage to the station.
42:
31:
563:"Soyuz 17: Salyut 4: A Promising Start".
544:"To the Stars by Hard Ways (1981) - IMDb"
532:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – p.260
679:"Cosmonauts Return, Astronauts Named".
505:
302:Grechko made the first spacewalk in an
515:
513:
511:
509:
458:Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"
256:was the first crewed vehicle to visit
248:was the first crewed vehicle to visit
7:
355:. He also appeared in the 1979 film
233:; 25 May 1931 – 8 April 2017) was a
758:Burials in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery
286:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
687:(12): 183. 1978 – via JSTOR.
625:(10): 149. 1978 – via JSTOR.
313:He was twice awarded the medal of
25:
658:10.1038/scientificamerican0789-84
783:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
571:(3): 39. 1975 – via JSTOR.
463:Medal "For Distinguished Labour"
282:Leningrad Institute of Mechanics
200:
773:Engineers from Saint Petersburg
306:on 20 December 1977 during the
146:
793:Recipients of the Kirti Chakra
582:"A Busy Week for Cosmonauts".
378:Association of Space Explorers
358:Under the Constellation Gemini
1:
520:Умер космонавт Георгий Гречко
479:Danish Astronautical Society
342:in 1979 is named after him.
340:Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh
27:Soviet cosmonaut (1931–2017)
477:Honorary membership in the
447:Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR
322:Russian Academy of Sciences
280:Grechko graduated from the
223:Georgy Mikhaylovich Grechko
162:Civilian Specialist Group 3
36:Georgy Mikhaylovich Grechko
824:
768:Heroes of the Soviet Union
803:Salyut program cosmonauts
617:"Cosmonauts Set Record".
231:Георгий Михайлович Гречко
230:
189:
185:
135:
41:
522:. tass.ru (8 April 2017)
442:Hero of the Soviet Union
315:Hero of the Soviet Union
288:. He went on to work at
129:Hero of the Soviet Union
196:Gennady Grechko's voice
391:Soyuz–Salyut missions
703:14 July 2014 at the
590:(7): 102–112. 1975.
421:Vladimir Dzhanibekov
364:Grechko, along with
650:1989SciAm.261a..84V
638:Scientific American
348:Per Aspera Ad Astra
668:– via JSTOR.
435:Honours and awards
370:Vitaly Sevastyanov
763:Soviet cosmonauts
728:978-5-906674-04-3
374:Rusty Schweickart
220:
219:
206:
16:(Redirected from
815:
778:Soviet engineers
707:
695:
689:
688:
676:
670:
669:
633:
627:
626:
614:
608:
607:
579:
573:
572:
560:
554:
553:
540:
534:
529:
523:
517:
376:established the
304:Orlan space suit
244:space station.
232:
208:
207:
85:
63:
61:
46:
32:
21:
823:
822:
818:
817:
816:
814:
813:
812:
738:
737:
716:
711:
710:
705:Wayback Machine
696:
692:
678:
677:
673:
635:
634:
630:
616:
615:
611:
596:10.2307/3959703
581:
580:
576:
562:
561:
557:
542:
541:
537:
530:
526:
518:
507:
502:
490:
453:Orders of Lenin
437:
397:Aleksei Gubarev
393:
278:
216:
215:
214:
213:
212:
209:
201:
198:
150:
96:
87:
83:
74:
65:
59:
57:
49:
48:Grechko in 2011
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
821:
819:
811:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
740:
739:
736:
735:
730:
720:
715:
712:
709:
708:
690:
671:
628:
609:
574:
555:
535:
524:
504:
503:
501:
498:
497:
496:
489:
486:
485:
484:
481:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
449:
444:
436:
433:
405:Yuri Romanenko
392:
389:
334:discovered by
310:EO-1 mission.
297:space stations
290:Sergei Korolev
277:
274:
218:
217:
210:
199:
194:
193:
192:
191:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
140:
139:
133:
132:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
102:
98:
97:
88:
86:(aged 85)
80:
76:
75:
66:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
18:Georgi Grechko
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
820:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
745:
743:
734:
731:
729:
725:
721:
718:
717:
713:
706:
702:
699:
694:
691:
686:
682:
675:
672:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
632:
629:
624:
620:
613:
610:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
578:
575:
570:
566:
559:
556:
551:
550:
545:
539:
536:
533:
528:
525:
521:
516:
514:
512:
510:
506:
499:
495:
492:
491:
487:
482:
480:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
450:
448:
445:
443:
439:
438:
434:
432:
428:
426:
422:
418:
417:Edward Gibson
414:
413:William Pogue
410:
406:
401:
398:
390:
388:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
366:Alexei Leonov
362:
360:
359:
354:
350:
349:
343:
341:
337:
333:
330:
325:
323:
318:
316:
311:
309:
305:
300:
298:
295:
291:
287:
283:
275:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
236:
228:
224:
197:
188:
184:
181:
177:
173:
170:
166:
163:
160:
156:
152:
149:Time in space
141:
138:
134:
130:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
95:
91:
82:April 8, 2017
81:
77:
73:
69:
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
808:Spacewalkers
693:
684:
681:Science News
680:
674:
644:(1): 84–91.
641:
637:
631:
622:
619:Science News
618:
612:
587:
584:Science News
583:
577:
568:
565:Science News
564:
558:
547:
538:
527:
429:
425:Oleg Makarov
402:
394:
386:
363:
356:
346:
344:
332:3148 Grechko
329:minor planet
326:
319:
312:
301:
279:
222:
221:
153:134d 20h 32m
137:Space career
136:
84:(2017-04-08)
72:Soviet Union
64:May 25, 1931
29:
753:2017 deaths
748:1931 births
409:Gerald Carr
382:outer space
338:astronomer
101:Nationality
742:Categories
714:Literature
500:References
270:Soyuz T-13
262:Soyuz T-14
180:Soyuz T-14
115:Occupation
60:1931-05-25
494:Sputnik-1
353:Leningrad
276:Biography
238:cosmonaut
158:Selection
143:Cosmonaut
68:Leningrad
701:Archived
488:See also
308:Salyut 6
266:Salyut 7
264:visited
258:Salyut 6
254:Soyuz 26
250:Salyut 4
246:Soyuz 17
176:Soyuz 26
172:Soyuz 17
168:Missions
119:Engineer
666:2749229
646:Bibcode
604:3959703
227:Russian
109:Russian
726:
664:
602:
451:Three
440:Twice
415:, and
372:, and
336:Soviet
294:Salyut
260:, and
242:Salyut
235:Soviet
125:Awards
105:Soviet
94:Russia
90:Moscow
600:JSTOR
724:ISBN
662:PMID
549:IMDb
423:and
79:Died
54:Born
685:113
654:doi
642:261
623:113
592:doi
588:107
569:107
131:(2)
744::
683:.
660:.
652:.
640:.
621:.
598:.
586:.
567:.
546:.
508:^
411:,
384:.
368:,
361:.
327:A
317:.
299:.
252:,
229::
178:,
174:,
92:,
70:,
656::
648::
606:.
594::
552:.
225:(
107:/
62:)
58:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
