65:
31:
436:, so reduced levels of it in fried potato foods is desirable. Though, browning does not affect the quality of the potato, it is simply that consumers tend to not want to purchase "damaged" or possibly spoiled goods. The 'Innate' name comes from the fact that this variety does not contain any genetic material from other species (the genes used are "
452:
the engineered ones. Ranger Russet, Russet
Burbank, and Atlantic potatoes have all been transformed by Simplot, as well as two proprietary varieties. Modifications of each variety involved two transformations, one for each of the two new traits. Thus there was a total of ten transformation events in developing the different Innate varieties.
451:
The "Innate" potato is not a single cultivar; rather, it is a group of potato varieties that have had the same genetic alterations applied using the same process. Five different potato varieties have been transformed, creating "innate" versions of the varieties, with all of the original traits, plus
693:"J.R. Simplot Company Petition (13-022-01p) for Determination of Non-Regulated Status for InnateTM Potatoes with Low Acrylamide Potential and Reduced Black Spot Bruise: Events E12 and E24 (Russet Burbank); F10 and F37 (Ranger Russet); J3, J55, and J78 (Atlantic); G11 (G); H37 and H50 (H)"
621:, one of the most serious diseases of potatoes. They developed this potato for blight resistance by inserting a gene (Rpi-vnt1.1), into the DNA of Désirée potatoes. This gene, which conferred the resistance to blight, was isolated from a wild relative of potatoes,
1117:
Gatehouse, Angharad M.R.; Davison, Gillian M.; Newell, Christine A.; Merryweather, Andrew; Hamilton, William D.O.; Burgess, Elisabeth P.J.; Gilbert, Robert J.C.; Gatehouse, John A. (1997). "Transgenic potato plants with enhanced resistance to the tomato moth,
379:, tweaking the amounts of certain chemicals produced by the plant, and to prevent browning or bruising of the tubers. Varieties modified to produce large amounts of starches may be approved for industrial use only, however, not for food.
601:
Other similar research - into transgenic Désirées, with antifeedant chemicals transferred from other plants, a few years before, with a researcher from Axis - was also done by a team including
Gatehouse and his wife
2158:
346:
1411:
1349:
1984:
339:
2067:
1857:
1198:
Jones, J. D. G.; Witek, K.; Verweij, W.; Jupe, F.; Cooke, D.; Dorling, S.; Tomlinson, L.; Smoker, M.; Perkins, S.; Foster, S. (17 February 2014).
402:
295:
1318:
997:
751:
852:
2073:
2063:
882:
332:
462:
has petitioned the company to reject the newly marketed Innate potatoes. McDonald's has announced that they have ruled out using Innate.
2014:
2024:
1342:
167:
1133:
2032:
1575:
574:
177:
2078:
1747:
195:
160:
2053:
2048:
1794:
1710:
1696:
1366:
86:
77:
779:
1550:
1457:
1335:
406:
137:
46:
806:
2058:
1684:
1669:
1613:
1604:
1555:
1480:
1248:
648:
113:
103:
98:
570:
1715:
1621:
1516:
1388:
1379:
262:
127:
122:
91:
1124:
1910:
1852:
1756:
1691:
1674:
1585:
1439:
959:
617:
showing that another genetically modified version of the Désirée cultivar can resist infection after exposure to
489:
444:
to switch off genes. Simplot hopes that not including genes from other species will assuage consumer fears about
267:
217:
132:
108:
553:, but was withdrawn from the EU market in January 2012 due to a lack of acceptance from farmers and consumers.
506:. The insect-resistant potatoes found only a small market, and Monsanto discontinued the sale of seed in 2001.
418:
414:
300:
227:
172:
985:
825:
721:
1276:
Halterman, Dennis; Guenthner, Joe; Collinge, Susan; Butler, Nathaniel; Douches, David (19 November 2015).
1082:
Murdock, L. L.; Shade, R. E. (2002). "Lectins and
Protease Inhibitors as Plant Defenses against Insects".
502:
493:
562:
1465:
1035:
Ewen SW, Pusztai A (October 1999). "Effect of diets containing genetically modified potatoes expressing
410:
623:
2004:
1779:
1545:
1406:
459:
315:
566:
1994:
1926:
1864:
1728:
1358:
934:
550:
372:
55:
549:. It was approved for industrial applications in the European Union market on 2 March 2010 by the
1872:
1723:
1153:
1064:
1001:
756:
603:
546:
538:
702:. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. March 2014
310:
2163:
2109:
1999:
1989:
1314:
1306:
1229:
1145:
1099:
1056:
607:
320:
200:
692:
594:
that is toxic to some insects. This variety of potatoes is the one which was involved in the
17:
1882:
1289:
1219:
1211:
1137:
1091:
1048:
630:
In 2017 scientists in
Bangladesh developed their own variety of blight resistant GM potato.
441:
1931:
1815:
1774:
1733:
1643:
376:
205:
64:
1172:
30:
1957:
1952:
1887:
1789:
1626:
1590:
1224:
1199:
595:
305:
234:
1052:
2152:
2132:
2009:
1947:
1764:
1653:
1540:
455:
445:
279:
212:
1157:
1068:
909:
1921:
1820:
1799:
1648:
1470:
910:"Monsanto's Genetically Modified Potatoes Find Slim Market, Despite Repelling Bugs"
274:
222:
1784:
1447:
780:"'Innate Potato' heads for market but GM watchdogs chip away at Simplot success"
618:
614:
573:(later renamed Axis Genetics) and had gone through two years of field trials at
542:
35:
1278:"Biotech Potatoes in the 21st Century: 20 Years Since the First Biotech Potato"
1825:
1488:
1294:
1277:
1141:
580:
437:
433:
429:
425:
422:
1149:
2137:
2104:
1979:
1638:
1631:
1570:
1565:
1524:
1506:
586:
1233:
1215:
1103:
1060:
722:"FDA concludes Arctic Apples and Innate Potatoes are safe for consumption"
2127:
2094:
1897:
1892:
1769:
613:
In 2014, a team of
British scientists published a paper about three-year
534:
497:
481:
2122:
2099:
1679:
1580:
1429:
1401:
1396:
520:
1327:
1204:
Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
1095:
666:
1560:
1498:
1305:
D. R. Rockhold, M. M. Maccree & W. R. Belknap (6 December 2012).
591:
364:
244:
1877:
239:
29:
368:
27:
Potato that has had its genes modified using genetic engineering
1331:
860:
432:
during the frying of potatoes. Acrylamide is a probable human
752:"U.S.D.A. Approves Modified Potato. Next Up: French Fry Fans"
986:
BASF to Stop
Selling Genetically Modified Products in Europe
805:
Nutrition, Center for Food Safety and
Applied (2022-01-10).
883:"McDonald's GMO dilemma: why fries are causing such a fuss"
826:"Q&A with Haven Baker on Simplot's Innate™ Potatoes"
984:
James Kanter for the New York Times. January 16, 2012.
853:"GMO Potatoes Have Arrived. But Will Anyone Buy Them?"
1200:"Elevating crop disease resistance with cloned genes"
649:"Genetically Modified Potato Wins Approval From USDA"
1412:
List of varieties of genetically modified maize/corn
1173:"Genetically modified potatoes 'resist late blight'"
2087:
2041:
2023:
1970:
1940:
1908:
1845:
1838:
1808:
1755:
1746:
1709:
1662:
1612:
1603:
1533:
1515:
1497:
1479:
1456:
1438:
1420:
1387:
1378:
1365:
1023:
728:. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. March 20, 2015
590:(snowdrop) plant, which caused them to produce GNA
1025:Science as Culture, Volume 11 Number 1 March 2002
745:
743:
606:. At this time the Gatehouses were both at the
458:is a major consumer of potatoes in the US. The
1307:"20. Transgenic Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)"
1249:"Bangladesh: GM potato crop ready for release"
998:"Professor J.A. Gatehouse – Durham University"
2159:Genetically modified organisms in agriculture
1343:
340:
8:
577:. The potatoes were modified to express the
492:. It was designed to resist attack from the
375:. Goals of modification include introducing
1985:Detection of genetically modified organisms
34:Amflora potatoes, modified to produce pure
1842:
1752:
1609:
1384:
1375:
1350:
1336:
1328:
1084:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
347:
333:
41:
1293:
1223:
565:was developed in the 1990s by biochemist
488:variety of potato which was their first
639:
409:in 2015. The cultivar was developed by
403:United States Department of Agriculture
296:Genetically modified food controversies
287:
254:
187:
152:
76:
53:
627:, which is a native of South America.
647:Tracy, Tennille (November 20, 2014).
7:
807:"GMO Crops, Animal Food, and Beyond"
1282:American Journal of Potato Research
824:von Mogel, Karl Haro (8 May 2013).
500:producing genes from the bacterium
2015:Genetic use restriction technology
1171:McGrath, Matt (17 February 2014).
25:
960:"GM potato to be grown in Europe"
889:. Guardian News and Media Limited
881:Gunther, Marc (4 December 2013).
786:. Guardian News and Media Limited
1039:lectin on rat small intestine".
851:Charles, Dan (13 January 2015).
667:"Introducing Innate™ Technology"
63:
2033:Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
935:"BASF drops GM potato projects"
908:Kilman, Scott (21 March 2001).
575:Rothamsted Experimental Station
571:Cambridge Agricultural Genetics
178:Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
1313:. Springer. pp. 305–324.
1247:Pieterse, Lukie (2017-01-06).
778:Glenza, Jessica (8 Nov 2014).
750:Pollack, Andrew (7 Nov 2014).
78:Genetically modified organisms
1:
1795:Somatic cell nuclear transfer
1053:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)05860-7
466:Previously marketed varieties
18:Genetically engineered potato
383:Currently marketed varieties
545:starch for processing into
421:and to contain less of the
413:. It is designed to resist
361:genetically modified potato
2180:
518:
263:Genetically modified crops
2118:
1853:Genetically modified food
1295:10.1007/s12230-015-9485-1
1134:Springer Science+Business
490:genetically modified crop
397:The genetically modified
832:. Biology Fortified, Inc
671:simplotplantsciences.com
496:due to the insertion of
440:" to potatoes) and uses
1142:10.1023/a:1009600321838
1122:: growth room trials".
673:. J. R. Simplot Company
541:for production of pure
301:GMO conspiracy theories
173:Substantial equivalence
1216:10.1098/rstb.2013.0087
503:Bacillus thuringiensis
494:Colorado potato beetle
153:History and regulation
39:
1466:Roundup ready soybean
411:J. R. Simplot Company
33:
2005:Reverse transfection
1780:Genetic transduction
608:University of Durham
584:(GNA) gene from the
557:Unmarketed varieties
460:Food and Water Watch
401:was approved by the
316:StarLink corn recall
1995:Genetics in fiction
1927:Genetic enhancement
1729:Hepatitis B vaccine
1359:Genetic engineering
1311:Transgenic Crops II
914:Wall Street Journal
653:Wall Street Journal
551:European Commission
405:in 2014 and the US
373:genetic engineering
56:Genetic engineering
2105:Stem cell research
1724:Ice-minus bacteria
1210:(1639): 20130087.
1125:Molecular Breeding
1120:Lacanobia oleracea
757:The New York Times
579:Galanthus nivalis
547:waxy potato starch
539:BASF Plant Science
415:blackspot bruising
40:
2146:
2145:
2110:Synthetic biology
2000:Human enhancement
1990:Genetic pollution
1966:
1965:
1834:
1833:
1742:
1741:
1705:
1704:
1599:
1598:
1320:978-3-642-56901-2
1253:Potato News Today
1096:10.1021/jf020192c
1090:(22): 6605–6611.
1037:Galanthus nivalis
367:that has had its
357:
356:
321:He Jiankui affair
201:Molecular cloning
16:(Redirected from
2171:
1883:Dow AgroSciences
1843:
1753:
1610:
1385:
1376:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1329:
1324:
1299:
1297:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1227:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1047:(9187): 1353–4.
1032:
1026:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1009:
1000:. Archived from
994:
988:
982:
976:
975:
973:
971:
956:
950:
949:
947:
945:
931:
925:
924:
922:
920:
905:
899:
898:
896:
894:
878:
872:
871:
869:
867:
848:
842:
841:
839:
837:
830:biofortified.org
821:
815:
814:
802:
796:
795:
793:
791:
775:
769:
768:
766:
764:
747:
738:
737:
735:
733:
718:
712:
711:
709:
707:
697:
689:
683:
682:
680:
678:
663:
657:
656:
644:
624:Solanum venturii
510:Used in industry
442:RNA interference
428:that turns into
371:modified, using
349:
342:
335:
67:
42:
21:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2114:
2083:
2037:
2019:
1972:
1962:
1936:
1932:Genetic testing
1914:
1904:
1830:
1816:Recombinant DNA
1804:
1775:Electroporation
1738:
1734:Oncolytic virus
1713:
1701:
1658:
1644:Herman the Bull
1595:
1529:
1511:
1493:
1475:
1452:
1434:
1416:
1370:
1368:
1361:
1356:
1321:
1304:
1275:
1272:
1270:Further reading
1267:
1266:
1257:
1255:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1020:
1016:
1007:
1005:
996:
995:
991:
983:
979:
969:
967:
958:
957:
953:
943:
941:
939:Chemistry World
933:
932:
928:
918:
916:
907:
906:
902:
892:
890:
887:theguardian.com
880:
879:
875:
865:
863:
850:
849:
845:
835:
833:
823:
822:
818:
804:
803:
799:
789:
787:
784:theguardian.com
777:
776:
772:
762:
760:
749:
748:
741:
731:
729:
720:
719:
715:
705:
703:
695:
691:
690:
686:
676:
674:
665:
664:
660:
646:
645:
641:
636:
559:
529:(also known as
523:
517:
512:
484:introduced the
478:
473:
468:
395:
390:
385:
377:pest resistance
353:
311:SĂ©ralini affair
206:Recombinant DNA
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2177:
2175:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2091:
2089:
2088:Similar fields
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1958:Gene targeting
1955:
1953:Gene knockdown
1950:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1888:DuPont Pioneer
1885:
1880:
1875:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1849:
1847:
1846:In agriculture
1840:
1836:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1790:Microinjection
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1761:
1759:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1672:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1627:Knockout mouse
1618:
1616:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1521:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1503:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1462:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1426:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1393:
1391:
1382:
1373:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1301:
1300:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1239:
1190:
1163:
1109:
1074:
1027:
1021:Arpad Pusztai
1014:
989:
977:
966:. 3 March 2010
951:
926:
900:
873:
843:
816:
797:
770:
739:
713:
700:aphis.usda.gov
684:
658:
638:
637:
635:
632:
596:Pusztai affair
592:lectin protein
567:John Gatehouse
563:Désirée potato
558:
555:
519:Main article:
516:
513:
511:
508:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
355:
354:
352:
351:
344:
337:
329:
326:
325:
324:
323:
318:
313:
308:
306:Pusztai affair
303:
298:
290:
289:
285:
284:
283:
282:
277:
272:
271:
270:
257:
256:
252:
251:
250:
249:
248:
247:
242:
235:Genome editing
232:
231:
230:
225:
220:
218:Transformation
210:
209:
208:
198:
190:
189:
185:
184:
183:
182:
181:
180:
175:
164:
163:
155:
154:
150:
149:
148:
147:
146:
145:
140:
135:
130:
119:
118:
117:
116:
111:
106:
95:
94:
89:
81:
80:
74:
73:
69:
68:
60:
59:
51:
50:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2176:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2133:Biotechnology
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2074:South America
2072:
2069:
2065:
2064:North America
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:Transhumanism
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1948:Gene knockout
1946:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1858:Controversies
1856:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1757:Inserting DNA
1754:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:Other animals
1661:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1364:
1360:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1341:
1339:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1322:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1194:
1191:
1178:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1113:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1004:on 2016-02-01
1003:
999:
993:
990:
987:
981:
978:
965:
961:
955:
952:
940:
936:
930:
927:
915:
911:
904:
901:
888:
884:
877:
874:
862:
858:
854:
847:
844:
831:
827:
820:
817:
812:
808:
801:
798:
785:
781:
774:
771:
759:
758:
753:
746:
744:
740:
727:
723:
717:
714:
701:
694:
688:
685:
672:
668:
662:
659:
654:
650:
643:
640:
633:
631:
628:
626:
625:
620:
616:
611:
609:
605:
599:
597:
593:
589:
588:
583:
582:
576:
572:
568:
564:
556:
554:
552:
548:
544:
540:
537:developed by
536:
532:
528:
522:
514:
509:
507:
505:
504:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
475:
471:Used for food
470:
465:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
447:
446:biotechnology
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
399:Innate potato
392:
388:Used for food
387:
382:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
350:
345:
343:
338:
336:
331:
330:
328:
327:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
293:
292:
291:
288:Controversies
286:
281:
280:Designer baby
278:
276:
273:
269:
266:
265:
264:
261:
260:
259:
258:
253:
246:
243:
241:
238:
237:
236:
233:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
215:
214:
213:Gene delivery
211:
207:
204:
203:
202:
199:
197:
194:
193:
192:
191:
186:
179:
176:
174:
171:
170:
169:
166:
165:
162:
159:
158:
157:
156:
151:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
125:
124:
121:
120:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
101:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
88:
85:
84:
83:
82:
79:
75:
71:
70:
66:
62:
61:
58:
57:
52:
48:
44:
43:
37:
32:
19:
1922:Gene therapy
1821:Transgenesis
1800:Transfection
1765:Agrobacteria
1649:Knockout rat
1471:Vistive Gold
1421:
1367:Genetically
1310:
1285:
1281:
1256:. Retrieved
1252:
1242:
1207:
1203:
1193:
1181:. Retrieved
1176:
1166:
1129:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1022:
1017:
1006:. Retrieved
1002:the original
992:
980:
968:. Retrieved
964:The Guardian
963:
954:
942:. Retrieved
938:
929:
917:. Retrieved
913:
903:
891:. Retrieved
886:
876:
864:. Retrieved
856:
846:
834:. Retrieved
829:
819:
810:
800:
788:. Retrieved
783:
773:
761:. Retrieved
755:
730:. Retrieved
725:
716:
704:. Retrieved
699:
687:
675:. Retrieved
670:
661:
652:
642:
629:
622:
612:
600:
585:
578:
560:
530:
526:
524:
501:
485:
479:
454:
450:
398:
396:
360:
358:
275:Gene therapy
255:Applications
228:Transduction
223:Transfection
142:
54:
1941:In research
1915:diagnostics
1785:Lipofection
1546:Arabidopsis
1448:Golden rice
1288:(1): 1–20.
619:late blight
615:field trial
561:A modified
543:amylopectin
36:amylopectin
2153:Categories
2025:Regulation
1869:Companies
1826:Cisgenesis
1770:Biolistics
1576:Sugar beet
1489:Flavr Savr
1389:Maize/corn
1258:2017-01-31
1008:2015-04-26
634:References
581:agglutinin
531:EH92-527-1
456:McDonald's
434:carcinogen
430:acrylamide
426:asparagine
423:amino acid
196:Techniques
168:Regulation
128:Maize/corn
2138:Bioethics
2042:Geography
1980:Transgene
1748:Processes
1639:Enviropig
1632:Oncomouse
1571:SmartStax
1507:Bt cotton
1371:organisms
1150:1380-3743
1136:: 49–63.
587:Galanthus
480:In 1995,
2164:Potatoes
2128:Genetics
2095:Eugenics
1973:articles
1898:Syngenta
1893:Monsanto
1865:Pharming
1711:Bacteria
1407:StarLink
1369:modified
1234:24535396
1183:26 April
1158:23765916
1104:12381159
1069:17252112
1061:10533866
919:23 April
893:22 April
790:22 April
763:22 April
732:22 April
706:22 April
677:22 April
604:Angharad
535:cultivar
533:) was a
527:Amflora'
498:Bt toxin
482:Monsanto
419:browning
87:Bacteria
47:a series
45:Part of
2123:Biology
2100:Cloning
2079:Oceania
1971:Related
1716:viruses
1680:GloFish
1670:Insects
1614:Mammals
1605:Animals
1591:Mustard
1581:Tobacco
1551:Brinjal
1458:Soybean
1430:Amflora
1402:MON 863
1397:MON 810
1225:3928893
1177:bbc.com
857:npr.org
726:fda.gov
521:Amflora
515:Amflora
486:NewLeaf
476:NewLeaf
188:Process
161:History
138:Soybean
114:Insects
104:Mammals
99:Animals
92:Viruses
2054:Africa
2049:Europe
1911:humans
1685:Salmon
1654:Rabbit
1561:Papaya
1556:Canola
1499:Cotton
1481:Tomato
1422:Potato
1317:
1232:
1222:
1156:
1148:
1102:
1067:
1059:
1041:Lancet
970:11 May
944:11 May
836:10 May
438:innate
393:Innate
365:potato
245:CRISPR
143:Potato
123:Plants
72:
38:starch
1878:Bayer
1809:Types
1697:Frogs
1692:Birds
1622:Mouse
1586:Trees
1541:Apple
1534:Other
1517:Wheat
1380:Crops
1179:. BBC
1154:S2CID
1132:(1).
1065:S2CID
866:5 May
696:(PDF)
369:genes
363:is a
240:TALEN
2059:Asia
1873:BASF
1839:Uses
1714:and
1675:Fish
1566:Rose
1440:Rice
1315:ISBN
1230:PMID
1185:2015
1146:ISSN
1100:PMID
1057:PMID
972:2015
946:2015
921:2015
895:2015
868:2015
838:2015
792:2015
765:2015
734:2015
708:2015
679:2015
268:food
133:Rice
109:Fish
1913:and
1909:In
1525:HB4
1290:doi
1220:PMC
1212:doi
1208:369
1138:doi
1092:doi
1049:doi
1045:354
861:NPR
811:FDA
569:at
407:FDA
2155::
2068:US
1309:.
1286:93
1284:.
1280:.
1251:.
1228:.
1218:.
1206:.
1202:.
1175:.
1152:.
1144:.
1128:.
1098:.
1088:50
1086:.
1063:.
1055:.
1043:.
962:.
937:.
912:.
885:.
859:.
855:.
828:.
809:.
782:.
754:.
742:^
724:.
698:.
669:.
651:.
610:.
598:.
448:.
417:,
359:A
49:on
2070:)
2066:(
1351:e
1344:t
1337:v
1323:.
1298:.
1292::
1261:.
1236:.
1214::
1187:.
1160:.
1140::
1130:3
1106:.
1094::
1071:.
1051::
1011:.
974:.
948:.
923:.
897:.
870:.
840:.
813:.
794:.
767:.
736:.
710:.
681:.
655:.
525:'
348:e
341:t
334:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
