Knowledge (XXG)

Generalised metric

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are equivalent etc. These properties may not, however, hold so easily if the distance function is taken in an arbitrary ordered field, instead of in
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of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be
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We would show that with respect to this mu operator, the space is monotonically normal. Note that
1059: 2749: 2494:{\displaystyle \exists a\in A(x,G)\colon d(x,z)<a;\;\;\exists b\in A(y,H)\colon d(z,y)<b.} 1655:{\displaystyle A(x,G):=\{a\in F:{\text{ for all }}n\in \mathbb {N} ,B(x,n\cdot a)\subseteq G\}.} 299: 185: 1829: 2803: 2774: 1249: 598: 1994: 1010: 1722: 1667: 1511: 1000: 887: 1278: 639: 1757: 917: 894: 572: 2674: 2613: 2351: 2275: 2255: 2235: 2215: 2195: 2175: 1974: 1780: 1702: 1537: 1488: 1258: 1231: 1039: 970: 960: 942: 495: 2787: 2755: 988: 380: 387: 372: 403: 376: 364: 127: 402:. These metric spaces have some nice properties like: in a metric space 1215:
The matter of wonder is that, even without choice, general metrics are
1475:{\displaystyle n(x,G):=\min\{n\in \mathbb {N} :B(x,1/n)\subseteq G\},} 94:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 246:
Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing
2603:{\displaystyle d(x,y)\leq d(x,z)+d(z,y)<2\cdot \max\{a,b\},} 878:{\displaystyle B(x,\delta )\;:=\{y\in M\;:d(x,y)<\delta \}} 223: 121: 59: 18: 2758: – Topological space with a notion of uniform properties 885:
form a basis for a suitable topology, the latter called the
2119:{\displaystyle \mu (x,G)=\bigcup \{B(x,a):a\in A(x,G)\}.} 2610:
which is impossible since this would imply that either
83: 2752: – Generalization of metric spaces in mathematics 421: 2697: 2677: 2636: 2616: 2509: 2374: 2354: 2298: 2278: 2258: 2238: 2218: 2198: 2178: 2132: 2037: 1997: 1977: 1923: 1888: 1858: 1832: 1803: 1783: 1760: 1725: 1705: 1670: 1560: 1540: 1514: 1491: 1392: 1307: 1281: 1261: 1234: 1147: 1097: 1062: 1042: 1013: 973: 945: 920: 897: 809: 728: 670: 642: 601: 575: 518: 498: 454: 420: 1205:{\displaystyle \mu (x,G)=B\left(x,\delta /2\right).} 390:the distance function is taken to be a real-valued 152:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2727: 2683: 2663: 2622: 2602: 2493: 2360: 2340: 2284: 2264: 2244: 2224: 2204: 2184: 2162: 2118: 2021: 1983: 1963: 1909: 1875: 1844: 1818: 1789: 1769: 1746: 1711: 1691: 1654: 1546: 1526: 1497: 1474: 1378: 1293: 1267: 1240: 1204: 1133: 1083: 1048: 1028: 979: 951: 929: 906: 877: 803:It is not difficult to verify that the open balls 791: 712: 654: 628: 584: 561: 504: 484: 433: 394:. The real numbers form an ordered field which is 2579: 1414: 1212:Verify the conditions for Monotone Normality. 562:{\displaystyle d:M\times M\to F^{+}\cup \{0\}} 1134:{\displaystyle x\in B(x,\delta )\subseteq G.} 8: 2594: 2582: 2110: 2062: 1646: 1582: 1466: 1417: 872: 832: 556: 550: 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 2433: 2432: 1826:is not bounded above, hence there is some 1379:{\displaystyle \mu (x,G):=B(x,1/2n(x,G)),} 844: 828: 434:{\displaystyle \scriptstyle \mathbb {R} .} 2696: 2676: 2635: 2615: 2508: 2373: 2353: 2297: 2277: 2257: 2237: 2217: 2197: 2177: 2131: 2036: 1996: 1976: 1949: 1922: 1887: 1866: 1865: 1857: 1831: 1810: 1806: 1805: 1802: 1782: 1759: 1724: 1704: 1669: 1609: 1608: 1597: 1559: 1539: 1513: 1490: 1449: 1427: 1426: 1391: 1344: 1306: 1280: 1260: 1233: 1186: 1146: 1096: 1061: 1041: 1012: 972: 944: 919: 896: 808: 727: 669: 641: 600: 574: 541: 517: 497: 453: 423: 422: 419: 344:Learn how and when to remove this message 326:Learn how and when to remove this message 212:Learn how and when to remove this message 110:Learn how and when to remove this message 792:{\displaystyle d(x,y)+d(y,z)\geq d(x,z)} 2341:{\displaystyle \mu (x,G)\cap \mu (y,H)} 1964:{\displaystyle a=k\cdot (2\xi )^{-1},} 1482:and the trick is done without choice. 2728:{\displaystyle \mu (y,H)\subseteq H.} 2163:{\displaystyle \mu (x,G)\subseteq G.} 7: 2664:{\displaystyle \mu (x,G)\subseteq G} 150:adding citations to reliable sources 492:be an arbitrary ordered field, and 2434: 2375: 1910:{\displaystyle n\cdot 1\leq \xi .} 1876:{\displaystyle n\in \mathbb {N} ,} 592:if the following conditions hold: 14: 485:{\displaystyle (F,+,\cdot ,<)} 375:, in which the distance is not a 371:is a generalisation of that of a 34:This article has multiple issues. 2745:Ordered topological vector space 1819:{\displaystyle \mathbb {N} _{F}} 228: 126: 64: 23: 1719:is open, there is an open ball 1056:is open, there is an open ball 239:may not meet Knowledge (XXG)'s 137:needs additional citations for 42:or discuss these issues on the 2713: 2701: 2652: 2640: 2567: 2555: 2546: 2534: 2525: 2513: 2479: 2467: 2458: 2446: 2420: 2408: 2399: 2387: 2335: 2323: 2314: 2302: 2148: 2136: 2107: 2095: 2080: 2068: 2053: 2041: 2013: 2001: 1946: 1936: 1741: 1729: 1686: 1674: 1637: 1619: 1576: 1564: 1457: 1437: 1408: 1396: 1370: 1367: 1355: 1332: 1323: 1311: 1163: 1151: 1119: 1107: 1078: 1066: 863: 851: 825: 813: 786: 774: 765: 753: 744: 732: 707: 695: 686: 674: 617: 605: 534: 479: 455: 1: 2368:is in the intersection. Then 713:{\displaystyle d(x,y)=d(y,x)} 2503:From the above, we get that 1505:is a non-Archimedean field. 1084:{\displaystyle B(x,\delta )} 379:but taken from an arbitrary 241:general notability guideline 512:a nonempty set; a function 386:In general, when we define 90:the claims made and adding 2820: 2735:This completes the proof. 1554:is open, consider the set 1003:, every general metric is 355: 248:reliable secondary sources 237:The topic of this article 1845:{\displaystyle \xi \in F} 939:In view of the fact that 629:{\displaystyle d(x,y)=0} 358:Generalized metric space 356:Not to be confused with 2292:), then we'd show that 2022:{\displaystyle A(x,G).} 1029:{\displaystyle x\in G,} 2729: 2685: 2665: 2624: 2604: 2495: 2362: 2348:is empty. If not, say 2342: 2286: 2266: 2246: 2226: 2206: 2186: 2164: 2120: 2023: 1985: 1965: 1911: 1877: 1846: 1820: 1791: 1771: 1748: 1747:{\displaystyle B(x,k)} 1713: 1699:is non-empty. For, as 1693: 1692:{\displaystyle A(x,G)} 1656: 1548: 1528: 1527:{\displaystyle x\in G} 1499: 1476: 1380: 1295: 1269: 1242: 1206: 1135: 1085: 1050: 1030: 981: 953: 931: 908: 879: 799:(triangle inequality). 793: 714: 656: 630: 586: 569:is called a metric on 563: 506: 486: 444:Preliminary definition 435: 408:sequential compactness 2730: 2686: 2666: 2625: 2605: 2496: 2363: 2343: 2287: 2272:(open set containing 2267: 2247: 2227: 2212:(open set containing 2207: 2187: 2165: 2121: 2024: 1986: 1966: 1912: 1878: 1847: 1821: 1797:is non-Archimdedean, 1792: 1772: 1749: 1714: 1694: 1657: 1549: 1529: 1500: 1477: 1381: 1296: 1270: 1243: 1207: 1136: 1086: 1051: 1031: 982: 954: 932: 909: 880: 794: 715: 657: 631: 587: 564: 507: 487: 436: 412:countable compactness 2695: 2675: 2634: 2614: 2507: 2372: 2352: 2296: 2276: 2256: 2236: 2216: 2196: 2176: 2130: 2035: 1995: 1975: 1921: 1886: 1856: 1830: 1801: 1781: 1758: 1723: 1703: 1668: 1558: 1538: 1512: 1489: 1390: 1305: 1279: 1259: 1232: 1217:monotonically normal 1145: 1095: 1060: 1040: 1011: 1005:monotonically normal 971: 965:monotonically normal 943: 918: 895: 807: 726: 668: 640: 599: 573: 516: 496: 452: 418: 275:"Generalised metric" 161:"Generalised metric" 146:improve this article 2799:Norms (mathematics) 1599: for all  1294:{\displaystyle G,G} 914:with the metric in 655:{\displaystyle x=y} 367:, the concept of a 2750:Pseudometric space 2725: 2681: 2661: 2620: 2600: 2491: 2358: 2338: 2282: 2262: 2242: 2222: 2202: 2182: 2160: 2116: 2019: 1981: 1961: 1907: 1873: 1852:such that for all 1842: 1816: 1787: 1770:{\displaystyle G.} 1767: 1744: 1709: 1689: 1652: 1544: 1524: 1495: 1472: 1376: 1301:open, we may take 1291: 1265: 1238: 1202: 1131: 1081: 1046: 1026: 995:Further properties 977: 967:, we would expect 949: 930:{\displaystyle F.} 927: 907:{\displaystyle M,} 904: 875: 789: 710: 652: 626: 585:{\displaystyle M,} 582: 559: 502: 482: 431: 430: 369:generalised metric 243: 75:possibly contains 2684:{\displaystyle x} 2623:{\displaystyle y} 2361:{\displaystyle z} 2285:{\displaystyle y} 2265:{\displaystyle H} 2245:{\displaystyle x} 2225:{\displaystyle x} 2205:{\displaystyle G} 2185:{\displaystyle y} 1984:{\displaystyle a} 1790:{\displaystyle F} 1712:{\displaystyle G} 1600: 1547:{\displaystyle G} 1498:{\displaystyle F} 1268:{\displaystyle x} 1250:Archimedean field 1241:{\displaystyle F} 1049:{\displaystyle G} 980:{\displaystyle M} 952:{\displaystyle F} 505:{\displaystyle M} 354: 353: 346: 336: 335: 328: 310: 238: 222: 221: 214: 196: 120: 119: 112: 77:original research 57: 2811: 2780: 2779:, 15 August 2007 2734: 2732: 2731: 2726: 2690: 2688: 2687: 2682: 2670: 2668: 2667: 2662: 2629: 2627: 2626: 2621: 2609: 2607: 2606: 2601: 2500: 2498: 2497: 2492: 2367: 2365: 2364: 2359: 2347: 2345: 2344: 2339: 2291: 2289: 2288: 2283: 2271: 2269: 2268: 2263: 2251: 2249: 2248: 2243: 2231: 2229: 2228: 2223: 2211: 2209: 2208: 2203: 2191: 2189: 2188: 2183: 2169: 2167: 2166: 2161: 2125: 2123: 2122: 2117: 2028: 2026: 2025: 2020: 1990: 1988: 1987: 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311: 309: 268: 232: 231: 224: 217: 210: 206: 203: 197: 195: 154: 130: 122: 115: 108: 104: 101: 95: 92:inline citations 68: 67: 60: 49: 27: 26: 19: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2813: 2812: 2810: 2809: 2808: 2794:Metric geometry 2784: 2783: 2773: 2770: 2765: 2741: 2693: 2692: 2673: 2672: 2632: 2631: 2612: 2611: 2505: 2504: 2370: 2369: 2350: 2349: 2294: 2293: 2274: 2273: 2254: 2253: 2234: 2233: 2214: 2213: 2194: 2193: 2174: 2173: 2128: 2127: 2033: 2032: 1993: 1992: 1973: 1972: 1945: 1919: 1918: 1884: 1883: 1854: 1853: 1828: 1827: 1804: 1799: 1798: 1779: 1778: 1756: 1755: 1721: 1720: 1701: 1700: 1666: 1665: 1556: 1555: 1536: 1535: 1510: 1509: 1487: 1486: 1388: 1387: 1303: 1302: 1277: 1276: 1257: 1256: 1230: 1229: 1176: 1172: 1143: 1142: 1093: 1092: 1058: 1057: 1038: 1037: 1009: 1008: 1001:axiom of choice 999:However, under 997: 987:to be at least 969: 968: 941: 940: 916: 915: 893: 892: 888:metric topology 805: 804: 724: 723: 666: 665: 638: 637: 636:if and only if 597: 596: 571: 570: 537: 514: 513: 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2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2789: 2778: 2777: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2756:Uniform space 2754: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2736: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2698: 2678: 2658: 2655: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2637: 2617: 2597: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2564: 2561: 2558: 2552: 2549: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2531: 2528: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2510: 2501: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2476: 2473: 2470: 2464: 2461: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2405: 2402: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2384: 2381: 2378: 2355: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2320: 2317: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2299: 2279: 2259: 2239: 2219: 2199: 2179: 2170: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2133: 2113: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2056: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2038: 2029: 2016: 2010: 2007: 2004: 1998: 1978: 1958: 1953: 1950: 1942: 1939: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1892: 1889: 1870: 1862: 1859: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1811: 1784: 1764: 1761: 1738: 1735: 1732: 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614: 611: 608: 602: 595: 594: 593: 579: 576: 553: 547: 542: 538: 531: 528: 525: 522: 519: 499: 476: 473: 470: 467: 464: 461: 458: 443: 441: 427: 413: 409: 405: 401: 397: 393: 389: 384: 382: 381:ordered field 378: 374: 370: 366: 359: 348: 345: 330: 327: 319: 308: 305: 301: 298: 294: 291: 287: 284: 280: 277: –  276: 272: 271:Find sources: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 242: 235: 226: 225: 216: 213: 205: 194: 191: 187: 184: 180: 177: 173: 170: 166: 163: –  162: 158: 157:Find sources: 151: 147: 141: 140: 135:This article 133: 129: 124: 123: 114: 111: 103: 93: 89: 85: 79: 78: 73:This article 71: 62: 61: 56: 54: 47: 46: 41: 40: 35: 30: 21: 20: 2775: 2502: 2171: 2030: 1971:we see that 1663: 1507: 1484: 1254: 1227: 1222: 1221: 1214: 998: 938: 886: 802: 447: 388:metric space 385: 368: 362: 340: 322: 313: 303: 296: 289: 282: 270: 208: 199: 189: 182: 175: 168: 156: 144:Please help 139:verification 136: 106: 97: 74: 50: 43: 37: 36:Please help 33: 2691:belongs to 2630:belongs to 2031:Now define 720:(symmetry); 404:compactness 396:Archimedean 377:real number 365:mathematics 316:August 2024 252:independent 2788:Categories 2763:References 2252:is not in 2192:is not in 1508:For given 1091:such that 286:newspapers 260:redirected 172:newspapers 84:improve it 39:improve it 2717:⊆ 2699:μ 2656:⊆ 2638:μ 2577:⋅ 2529:≤ 2462:: 2441:∈ 2435:∃ 2403:: 2382:∈ 2376:∃ 2321:μ 2318:∩ 2300:μ 2152:⊆ 2134:μ 2090:∈ 2060:⋃ 2039:μ 1951:− 1943:ξ 1934:⋅ 1902:ξ 1899:≤ 1893:⋅ 1863:∈ 1837:∈ 1834:ξ 1641:⊆ 1632:⋅ 1606:∈ 1589:∈ 1519:∈ 1485:Case II: 1461:⊆ 1424:∈ 1309:μ 1184:δ 1149:μ 1123:⊆ 1117:δ 1102:∈ 1076:δ 1018:∈ 870:δ 839:∈ 823:δ 769:≥ 548:∪ 535:→ 529:× 471:⋅ 250:that are 88:verifying 45:talk page 2804:Topology 2739:See also 1917:Putting 1777:Now, as 1664:The set 1255:Now, if 1228:Case I: 392:function 202:May 2024 1754:within 989:regular 959:in its 300:scholar 264:deleted 186:scholar 82:Please 2232:) and 1991:is in 1534:where 1386:where 1248:is an 1036:where 373:metric 302:  295:  288:  281:  273:  256:merged 188:  181:  174:  167:  159:  1223:proof 1141:Take 307:JSTOR 293:books 262:, or 193:JSTOR 179:books 2571:< 2483:< 2424:< 1275:in 867:< 477:< 448:Let 410:and 398:and 279:news 165:news 2671:or 2580:max 2172:If 1415:min 963:is 891:on 363:In 148:by 86:by 2790:: 1580::= 1412::= 1327::= 1252:. 1225:. 1219:. 991:. 830::= 406:, 383:. 258:, 48:. 2723:. 2720:H 2714:) 2711:H 2708:, 2705:y 2702:( 2679:x 2659:G 2653:) 2650:G 2647:, 2644:x 2641:( 2618:y 2598:, 2595:} 2592:b 2589:, 2586:a 2583:{ 2574:2 2568:) 2565:y 2562:, 2559:z 2556:( 2553:d 2550:+ 2547:) 2544:z 2541:, 2538:x 2535:( 2532:d 2526:) 2523:y 2520:, 2517:x 2514:( 2511:d 2489:. 2486:b 2480:) 2477:y 2474:, 2471:z 2468:( 2465:d 2459:) 2456:H 2453:, 2450:y 2447:( 2444:A 2438:b 2430:; 2427:a 2421:) 2418:z 2415:, 2412:x 2409:( 2406:d 2400:) 2397:G 2394:, 2391:x 2388:( 2385:A 2379:a 2356:z 2336:) 2333:H 2330:, 2327:y 2324:( 2315:) 2312:G 2309:, 2306:x 2303:( 2280:y 2260:H 2240:x 2220:x 2200:G 2180:y 2158:. 2155:G 2149:) 2146:G 2143:, 2140:x 2137:( 2114:. 2111:} 2108:) 2105:G 2102:, 2099:x 2096:( 2093:A 2087:a 2084:: 2081:) 2078:a 2075:, 2072:x 2069:( 2066:B 2063:{ 2057:= 2054:) 2051:G 2048:, 2045:x 2042:( 2017:. 2014:) 2011:G 2008:, 2005:x 2002:( 1999:A 1979:a 1959:, 1954:1 1947:) 1940:2 1937:( 1931:k 1928:= 1925:a 1905:. 1896:1 1890:n 1871:, 1867:N 1860:n 1840:F 1812:F 1807:N 1785:F 1765:. 1762:G 1742:) 1739:k 1736:, 1733:x 1730:( 1727:B 1707:G 1687:) 1684:G 1681:, 1678:x 1675:( 1672:A 1650:. 1647:} 1644:G 1638:) 1635:a 1629:n 1626:, 1623:x 1620:( 1617:B 1614:, 1610:N 1603:n 1595:: 1592:F 1586:a 1583:{ 1577:) 1574:G 1571:, 1568:x 1565:( 1562:A 1542:G 1522:G 1516:x 1493:F 1470:, 1467:} 1464:G 1458:) 1455:n 1451:/ 1447:1 1444:, 1441:x 1438:( 1435:B 1432:: 1428:N 1421:n 1418:{ 1409:) 1406:G 1403:, 1400:x 1397:( 1394:n 1374:, 1371:) 1368:) 1365:G 1362:, 1359:x 1356:( 1353:n 1350:2 1346:/ 1342:1 1339:, 1336:x 1333:( 1330:B 1324:) 1321:G 1318:, 1315:x 1312:( 1289:G 1286:, 1283:G 1263:x 1236:F 1200:. 1196:) 1192:2 1188:/ 1181:, 1178:x 1174:( 1170:B 1167:= 1164:) 1161:G 1158:, 1155:x 1152:( 1129:. 1126:G 1120:) 1114:, 1111:x 1108:( 1105:B 1099:x 1079:) 1073:, 1070:x 1067:( 1064:B 1044:G 1024:, 1021:G 1015:x 975:M 947:F 925:. 922:F 902:, 899:M 873:} 864:) 861:y 858:, 855:x 852:( 849:d 846:: 842:M 836:y 833:{ 826:) 820:, 817:x 814:( 811:B 787:) 784:z 781:, 778:x 775:( 772:d 766:) 763:z 760:, 757:y 754:( 751:d 748:+ 745:) 742:y 739:, 736:x 733:( 730:d 708:) 705:x 702:, 699:y 696:( 693:d 690:= 687:) 684:y 681:, 678:x 675:( 672:d 662:; 650:y 647:= 644:x 624:0 621:= 618:) 615:y 612:, 609:x 606:( 603:d 580:, 577:M 557:} 554:0 551:{ 543:+ 539:F 532:M 526:M 523:: 520:d 500:M 480:) 474:, 468:, 465:+ 462:, 459:F 456:( 428:. 424:R 360:. 347:) 341:( 329:) 323:( 318:) 314:( 304:· 297:· 290:· 283:· 266:. 244:. 215:) 209:( 204:) 200:( 190:· 183:· 176:· 169:· 142:. 113:) 107:( 102:) 98:( 80:. 55:) 51:(

Index

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verification
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"Generalised metric"
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"Generalised metric"
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