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233:', where he speaks of his ideal of unifying all works of art via the theatre. He also used in these essays many similar expressions such as 'the consummate artwork of the future' and 'the integrated drama', and frequently referred to 'Gesamtkunst'. Such a work of art was to be the clearest and most profound expression of folk legend.
1119:
in his German Dada
Manifesto: 'Life appears as a simultaneous confusion of noises, colours and spiritual rhythms, and is thus incorporated — with all the sensational screams and feverish excitements of its audacious everyday psyche and the entirety of its brutal reality — unwaveringly into Dadaist
383:
can be seen from some time before the 1890s. An increasing trend among architects in the 18th and 19th centuries was to control every facet of an architectural commission. As well as being responsible for the structure itself, they tried to extend their role to also include designing (or at least
154:
However, these trends had developed fortuitously, rather than in response to a specific philosophy of art. Wagner, who recognised the reforms of Gluck and admired the works of Weber, originally wished to consolidate his view as part of his radical social and political views of the late 1840s.
829:. The great majority of the other smaller details are the work of Otto Wagner himself. The statues on the two external towers represent Saint Leopold on the left and Saint Severin on the right, the two patron saints of Lower Austria, and are the work of the Viennese sculptor Richard Luksch.
767:
and 'was celebrated as a marvelously modern yet curious construction. Built along his guiding principle of the
Gesamtkunstwerk the Villa Stuck combined all aspects of architecture, art, music, theatre, and life within its walls and
59:, literally 'total artwork', translated as 'total work of art', 'ideal work of art', 'universal artwork', 'synthesis of the arts', 'comprehensive artwork', or 'all-embracing art form') is a work of art that makes use of all or many
360:
to signify circumstances where an architect is responsible for the design and/or overseeing of the building's totality: shell, accessories, furnishings, and landscape. It is difficult to make a claim for when the term
339:
was built in 1898–1900, as a holiday home for Sir Edward Holt, a wealthy
Manchester brewer. It is situated near the town of Bowness-on-Windermere with views looking over Windermere and across to the Coniston Fells.
98:
was a proponent of integrating major arts (architecture) and minor arts (decorative arts). This led to a fierce combat with the Beaux Arts academy in Paris who refused
Viollet le Duc's educational reforms in 1863.
54:
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Wagner (1993), p. 35, where the word is translated as 'great united work'; p. 52 where it is translated as 'great unitarian Art-work'; and p. 88 (twice) where it is translated as 'great united Art-work'.
947:
384:
vetting) every aspect of the interior work. This included not only the interior architectural features but also the design of furniture, carpets, wallpaper, fabrics, light fixtures, and door-handles.
305:, who believed that industrialization led to a qualitative decline in artistically crafted goods. Morris believed a home must nurture harmony as well as infuse its inhabitants with a creative energy.
185:(1816) admired it as 'an art work complete in itself, in which partial contributions of the related and collaborating arts blend together, disappear, and, in disappearing, somehow form a new world'.
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1146:. It was a 'contemporary perspective of the historical idea of the total work of art' and included a display by Esther Stocker based on the idea of 'the untidy nursery', it housed works by
365:
was first used to refer to a building and its contents (although the term itself was not used in this context until the late 20th century); already during the
Renaissance, artists such as
286:, represent perhaps the closest he, or anyone else, came to realizing these ideals. After this stage, Wagner came to relax his own strictures and write more conventionally 'operatically'.
908:
129:
and the composer in relation to the singers, and to return the drama to a more intense and less moralistic focus. This movement, 'reform opera', is primarily associated with
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For discussions of architecture as
Gesamtkunstwerk, see the relevant section of this article. For discussions of film and mass media, see for instance Matthew Wilson Smith,
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244:. Wagner felt that during the rest of human history up to the present day (i.e. 1850) the arts had drifted further and further apart, resulting in such 'monstrosities' as
888:
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are examples of this trend to create an overall harmonising effect which in some cases might even extend to the choice or design of table silver, china, and glassware.
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91:
used the term in two 1849 essays, and the word has become particularly associated with his aesthetic ideals. It is unclear whether Wagner knew of
Trahndorff's essay.
2203:
2009:. Krejci, Harald., Husslein-Arco, Agnes., Steinbrügge, Bettina., 21er Haus (Österreichische Galerie Belvedere). Köln: Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther König. 2012.
2079:
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248:. Wagner felt that such works celebrated bravura singing, sensational stage effects, and meaningless plots. In 'Art and Revolution', Wagner applies the term
856:
372:
Historian Robert L. Delevoy has argued that Art
Nouveau represented an essentially decorative trend that thus lent itself to the idea of the architectural
924:
159:, as evidenced by the title of Trahndorff's essay, 'Aesthetics, or Theory of Philosophy of Art'. Others who wrote on syntheses of the arts included
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had been the finest (though still flawed) examples so far of total artistic synthesis, but that this synthesis had subsequently been corrupted by
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2014:
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1379:. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2012. pp. 141–72; and Jeongwon Joe, 'Introduction: Why Wagner and Cinema? Tolkien Was Wrong'. In
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The quote 'Have nothing in your houses that you do not know to be useful, or believe to be beautiful' epitomized Morris' way of living of
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Some elements of opera had begun seeking a more 'classical' formula at the end of the 18th century. After the lengthy domination of
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261:(completed in 1851), Wagner takes these ideas further, describing in detail his idea of the union of opera and drama (later called
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In the 20th century, some writers applied the term to some forms of architecture, while others applied it to film and mass media.
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297:(1834–1896), a British textile designer, poet, novelist, translator, and socialist activist, was associated with the British
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376:. Of course, it is equally possible it was born from social theories that arose out of a fear of the rise of industrialism.
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in the context of Greek tragedy. In 'The Art-Work of the Future', he uses it to apply to his own, as yet unrealized, ideal.
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in Vienna, Austria. The building is considered one of the most important Art
Nouveau churches in the world. Dedicated to
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saw no strict division in their tasks between architecture, interior design, sculpture, painting and even engineering.
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1111:. 'Towards the Merz Gesamtkunstwerk' was a University of Oregon graduate seminar that explored themes of Dadaism and
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Previous to Wagner, others had expressed ideas about union of the arts, which was a familiar topic among German
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137:. The themes in the operas produced by Gluck's collaborations with Calzabigi continue throughout the operas of
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despite Wagner's disapproval of the term), in which the individual arts are subordinated to a common purpose.
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151:'spectacle opera', developed his union of music, drama, theatrical effects, and occasionally dance.
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1383:, edited by Jeongwon Joe and Sander L. Gilman, 1–26. Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2010.
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Many Art
Nouveau masterpieces were results of cooperation of artists of different fields:
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2279:'The creative destruction of the total work of art. From Hegel to Wagner and beyond'
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is incorrect in saying that Wagner used the word only in 'The Artwork of the Future'
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2148:"The Return of the Gesamtkunstwerk? Why Artists Are Flocking to the Opera House"
1248:, and one could consider various liturgical expressions to be similar examples.
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and Eusebi Arnau and mosaic master Mario Maragliano took part in both projects.
225:(which he spelt 'Gesammtkunstwerk') on only two occasions, in his 1849 essays '
87:(or 'Aesthetics, or Doctrine of Worldview and Art'). The German opera composer
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440:, and many other architects also acted as furniture and interior designers.
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Nazi Soundscapes: Sound, Technology, and Urban Space in Germany, 1933–1945
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Nonetheless, evidence of complete interiors that typify the concept of
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1796:"AD Classics: Centre Le Corbusier (Heidi Weber Museum) / Le Corbusier"
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were created in cooperation with stained glass master Raphaël Évaldre.
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2240:"In the Age of the Visual Album, What Can Opera Learn from Beyoncé?"
1595:(in Dutch). Agentschap erfgoed van de Vlaamse Overheid. p. 56.
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as the founding idea behind the company's vision and philosophy for
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20:
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https://www.discogs.com/release/965-Dopplereffekt-Gesamtkunstwerk
1617:"Palau de la Música Catalana and Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona"
1517:
1252:
has created multiple works that have been considered examples of
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1581:
Schoonbroodt, B, Art Nouveau Kunstenaars in Belgie, 2008: p. 196
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The album Gesamtkunstwerk was released by Detroit, electro band
613:
Metalwork artist Josep Perpinyà was involved in construction of
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2439:
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Mosaic master Mario Maragliano was involved in construction of
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1836:
by Hugo Ball; University of California Press, 1996; xiii–xlvi.
989:
789:, or the Church of St. Leopold, was designed by the architect
2290:
The Aesthetics of the Total Artwork: On Borders and Fragments
2219:"Beyoncé's "Homecoming" Is a Total Synthesis of the Pop Arts"
1487:
Michael A. Vidalis, "Gesamtkunstwerk – 'total work of art'",
213:
cycle was Wagner's most complete articulation of his idea of
1593:
Pieter Braecke, beeldhouwer 1858–1938. Als de ziele luistert
1543:"Major Town Houses of the Architect Victor Horta (Brussels)"
79:
The term was developed by the German writer and philosopher
1115:, especially Kurt Schwitter's legendary Merzbau. They cite
2405:
online, (subscription only) (consulted 15 September 2019)
2341:
The Wagner Compendium: A Guide to Wagner's Life and Music
1512:
1510:
1033:
campus, Dessau: the Bauhaus was especially interested in
491:
and Antonín Balšánek and painted by famous Czech painter
573:
was created in cooperation with sculptor Pieter Braecke.
1131:
a survey exhibition of 24 contemporary German artists.
1091:
Hanover Merzbau, a mixed media installation by Dadaist
1006:
323:, designed in 1859, is a major example, as well as the
1259:
Canadian development corporation Westbank, founded by
2432:– website for a University of Oregon graduate seminar
2329:. Köln: Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther König, 2012.
2325:
Krejci, Harald, Agnes Arco, and Bettina Steinbrügge.
1591:
Metdepenninghen, Catheline; Celis, Marcel M. (2010).
2178:; Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2013; pp. 360, 365.
1244:
The Catholic Mass has been cited as an example of a
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1923:"'Gesamtkunstwerk' show at Saatchi Gallery, London"
1348:"Richard Wagner's Concept of the 'Gesamtkunstwerk'"
1045:also saw architects implementing this principle of
805:, it was built between 1903 and 1907, and includes
16:'total artwork' making use of many or all art forms
1408:Source Readings in Music History: The Romantic Era
1373:The Total Work of Art: From Bayreuth to Cyberspace
1061:mansion in France is another example of modernist
730:in Brussels was created by architect and designer
2357:(subscription only) (consulted 15 September 2010)
1950:"Utopie Gesamtkunstwerk / Utopia Gesamtkunstwerk"
1671:Cèsar Martinell. Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana; 2007
1391:
1389:
2375:Ästhetik oder Lehre von Weltanschauung und Kunst
2288:Finger, Anke and Danielle Follett (eds.) (2011)
1872:"DADA Manifesto Berlin April 1918 (Huelsenbeck)"
1335:Ästhetik oder Lehre von Weltanschauung und Kunst
85:Ästhetik oder Lehre von Weltanschauung und Kunst
2353:Millington, Barry (n.d.) 'Gesamtkunstwerk', in
2255:"Vancouver House introduces gwerk to the world"
1375:. New York: Routledge, 2007; Carolyn Birdsall,
408:artists and architects of the period. Belgians
750:. The construction of the palace foreshadowed
356:Some architectural writers have used the term
3020:
2451:
8:
2365:The Total Work of Art in European Modernism
2283:The death and life of the total work of art
2202:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2107:"9th Berline Biennale: The Present in Drag"
1053:is an example by famed Modernist architect
141:, until Wagner, rejecting both the Italian
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3013:
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2384:The Art-Work of the Future and Other Works
2174:Nancy Pedri and Laurence Petit (Editors),
1847:"About · Towards the Merz Gesamtkunstwerk"
1560:
1558:
1433:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
63:or strives to do so. The term is a German
763:Museum Villa Stuck is the work of artist
2055:. Artforum. 12 June 2016. Archived from
1217:exhibition the 9th Berlin Biennale as a
236:Wagner felt that the Greek tragedies of
2367:', Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY
1794:Molloy, Jonathan C. (24 January 2013).
1564:Ouvrage collectif sous la direction de
1280:
832:
301:and largely influenced by the ideas of
2195:
2078:Smith, William S. (1 September 2016).
2030:
1426:
1411:. New York. p. 63. Archived from
1346:Wolfman, Ursula Rehn (12 March 2013).
1129:Gesamtkunstwerk: New Art from Germany,
5374:Romanticism and the French Revolution
2217:New Yorker Magazine (18 April 2019).
2190:"Beyoncé and the new Gesamtkunstwerk"
1960:from the original on 12 December 2021
1679:
1677:
1500:Robert L. Delevoy, 'Art Nouveau', in
46:
7:
2292:, The Johns Hopkins University Press
1921:Michael, Apphia (17 November 2011).
1502:Encyclopaedia of Modern Architecture
1213:Many reviews have characterized the
2371:Trahndorff, Karl Friedrich Eusebius
1712:"Palais Stoclet ist Weltkulturerbe"
1099:The multi-media style pioneered by
2343:. Thames and Hudson Ltd., London.
1224:In 2017, prominent visual artists
404:was regularly engaged with by the
125:, a movement began to advance the
14:
2315:, University of Minnesota Press,
2298:The Cambridge Companion to Wagner
2253:Perkins, Martha (20 March 2014).
1832:John Elderfield, 'Introduction';
67:accepted in English as a term in
5427:
5426:
2430:Towards the Merz Gesamtkunstwerk
2415:
2176:Picturing the Language of Images
2082:. Art in America. Archived from
1901:Towards the Merz Gesamtkunstwerk
1876:Colloquium Urbanités Littéraires
993:
966:
946:
923:
907:
887:
871:
855:
835:
689:was involved in construction of
674:was involved in construction of
2339:Millington, Barry (ed.) (1992)
2188:3am Magazine (1 October 2018).
2132:Bock, Stefan (18 August 2016).
1095:in his apartment, Hanover, 1933
1065:, designed by French architect
2301:, Cambridge University Press.
2105:Malick, Courtney (July 2016).
1851:digitalarthistory607.omeka.net
1041:The architectural movement of
274:, specifically its components
1:
5397:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
2420:The dictionary definition of
2402:The Oxford Companion to Music
2295:Grey, Thomas S. (ed.) (2008)
799:Steinhof Psychiatric Hospital
495:, and features sculptures of
2399:(n.d.) 'Gesamtkunstwerk' in
2382:(1993), tr. W. Ashton Ellis
2109:. Art Papers. Archived from
1690:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
1649:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
1622:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
1548:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
1504:. Thames & Hudson, 1977.
1174:, Claire Fontaine, gelatin,
1083:International Deejay Gigolos
672:Francesc Berenguer i Mestres
2080:"Biennials: Mixed Messages"
880:Palau de la Música Catalana
608:Palau de la Música Catalana
586:Palau de la Música Catalana
524:and Jozsef Vago; sculptors
466:, and stained glass artist
221:Wagner used the exact term
48:[ɡəˈzamtˌkʊnstvɛʁk]
5504:
5314:Coleridge's theory of life
2238:WFMT (20 September 2020).
704:Multi-disciplinary artist
520:was created by architects
192:
175:'s enthusiastic review of
5406:
5369:Romanticism and economics
3384:Manuel Antônio de Almeida
1897:"Exhibition Introduction"
1572:, Flammarion, 1994, p.182
1301:Oxford English Dictionary
936:Charles Rennie Mackintosh
582:Lluís Domènech i Montaner
454:was created by architect
426:Charles Rennie Mackintosh
400:The form and ideology of
352:Stoclet Palace, 1905–1911
268:Wagner's own opera cycle
231:The Artwork of the Future
131:Christoph Willibald Gluck
5483:German words and phrases
3149:German historical school
1980:"Utopie Gesamtkunstwerk"
1478:Millington (1992) 294–95
959:Franz (Fyodor) Schechtel
902:in Barcelona (1900-1914)
882:in Barcelona (1905-1909)
844:Maison and Atelier Horta
658:Santa Coloma de Cervelló
571:Maison and Atelier Horta
434:Franz (Fyodor) Schechtel
299:Arts and Crafts movement
290:Arts and Crafts movement
161:Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
94:In France in the 1850s,
3796:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
1644:"Works of Antoni Gaudí"
1570:Bruxelles fin de siècle
1405:Strunk, Oliver (1965).
1232:directed operas at the
1134:An exhibition entitled
1107:has also been called a
866:in Brussels (1905-1911)
850:in Brussels (1898-1901)
540:; and metalwork artist
536:; stained glass artist
271:Der Ring des Nibelungen
5473:Concepts in aesthetics
5379:Romanticism in science
5334:Middle Ages in history
5329:List of Romantic poets
4041:Josiah Gilbert Holland
2386:. Lincoln and London,
2327:Utopia Gesamtkunstwerk
2313:Modernism After Wagner
2037:: CS1 maint: others (
2007:Utopia Gesamtkunstwerk
1774:Gardens of Switzerland
1566:Philippe Roberts-Jones
1321:14 August 2016 at the
1136:Utopia Gesamtkunstwerk
1096:
1038:
894:Entrance buildings in
353:
255:In his extensive book
218:
33:
29:, an early example of
5349:Romantic epistemology
5339:Opium and Romanticism
3908:Stojadinović-Srpkinja
3134:Counter-Enlightenment
2953:Stile rappresentativo
2285:, Berlin: Jovis, 2014
2134:"The Present in Drag"
1316:ArtLex Art Dictionary
1090:
1067:Robert Mallet-Stevens
1028:
914:Main entrance of the
458:, furniture designer
351:
329:English Lake District
202:
188:
135:Ranieri de' Calzabigi
24:
5488:Architectural design
5478:19th-century theatre
5413:Age of Enlightenment
3055:England (literature)
2311:Koss, Juliet (2010)
1750:on 17 September 2021
1740:"Museum Villa Stuck"
1489:Architectural Review
842:Spiral staircase in
746:, and mosaic master
615:Hospital de Sant Pau
590:Hospital de Sant Pau
390:Augustus Welby Pugin
173:Carl Maria von Weber
139:Carl Maria von Weber
5468:Romantic philosophy
5364:Romantic psychology
3159:Hudson River School
3103:Sweden (literature)
3088:Russia (literature)
2626:Tragédie en musique
2495:Concert performance
2355:Oxford Music Online
2277:Bergande, Wolfram:
2113:on 23 February 2017
1333:Trahndorff (1827),
1192:Martin Kippenberger
1156:Christian Boltanski
1117:Richard Huelsenbeck
1051:Centre Le Corbusier
756:Modern architecture
81:K. F. E. Trahndorff
5453:Visual arts genres
3349:White Mountain art
3290:Historical fiction
3098:Spain (literature)
2958:Tenore contraltino
2281:, in: Ruhl (Ed.):
1834:Flight out of Time
1770:"Bruno Weber Park"
1240:Other applications
1196:Gordon Matta-Clark
1160:Marcel Broodthaers
1097:
1039:
1005:. You can help by
827:Othmar Schimkowitz
787:Kirche am Steinhof
708:helped Gaudí with
565:Hôtel van Eetvelde
414:Henry Van de Velde
354:
227:Art and Revolution
219:
147:tradition and the
83:in his 1827 essay
34:
5458:Opera terminology
5440:
5439:
5354:Romantic medicine
5324:List of romantics
4763:
4762:
4414:Felix Mendelssohn
4409:Fanny Mendelssohn
4220:
4219:
3934:Rosalía de Castro
3872:Soares dos Passos
3220:Transcendentalism
3184:Nazarene movement
3144:Düsseldorf School
3002:
3001:
2321:978-0-8166-5159-7
2307:978-0-521-64439-6
2260:Vancouver Courier
2059:on 18 August 2017
2016:978-3-86335-140-3
1956:. February 2012.
1395:Millington (n.d.)
1381:Wagner and Cinema
1291:), Warrack (n.d.)
1269:urban development
1234:Salzburg Festival
1230:William Kentridge
1184:Thomas Hirschhorn
1144:Belvedere, Vienna
1023:
1022:
706:Josep Maria Jujol
652:in Barcelona and
522:Zsigmond Quittner
432:, Russian-German
5495:
5430:
5429:
5389:Evolution theory
4231:
3364:
3225:Ukrainian school
3029:
3022:
3015:
3006:
2963:Tenore di grazia
2718:Aria di sorbetto
2460:
2453:
2446:
2437:
2419:
2265:
2264:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2179:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2156:. 23 August 2017
2144:
2138:
2137:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2036:
2028:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1843:
1837:
1830:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1746:. Archived from
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1681:
1672:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1573:
1562:
1553:
1552:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1514:
1505:
1498:
1492:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1456:Warrack (n.d.),
1454:
1448:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1432:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1384:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1313:
1307:
1298:
1292:
1285:
1215:contemporary art
1152:Monica Bonvicini
1018:
1015:
997:
990:
970:
950:
927:
911:
891:
875:
859:
839:
775:Bruno Weber Park
773:In Switzerland,
748:Leopold Forstner
487:was designed by
58:
57:
56:
50:
45:
25:Stairway of the
5503:
5502:
5498:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5436:
5435:
5424:
5416:
5402:
5359:Romantic poetry
5344:Romantic ballet
5319:German idealism
5302:
5268:Lacoue-Labarthe
5194:
4941:
4759:
4708:
4677:
4658:Rimsky-Korsakov
4601:
4550:
4499:
4458:
4367:
4311:
4275:
4216:
4065:
4009:
3958:
3917:
3876:
3830:
3772:
3713:Maria Edgeworth
3649:
3642:
3521:
3443:
3353:
3332:Romantic genius
3262:Gesamtkunstwerk
3239:
3200:Sturm und Drang
3107:
3038:
3033:
3003:
2998:
2982:
2933:Soprano sfogato
2701:
2652:Gesamtkunstwerk
2635:
2559:
2473:
2464:
2423:Gesamtkunstwerk
2412:
2380:Wagner, Richard
2274:
2269:
2268:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2194:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2173:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2114:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2086:on 21 June 2017
2077:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2029:
2017:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1988:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1905:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1878:
1870:
1869:
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1855:
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1844:
1840:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1816:
1806:
1804:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1778:
1776:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1723:
1721:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1695:
1693:
1685:"Stoclet House"
1683:
1682:
1675:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1627:
1625:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1603:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1563:
1556:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1522:GESAMTKUNSTWERK
1516:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1495:
1491:, 30 June 2010.
1486:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1458:Gesamtkunstwerk
1455:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1425:
1418:
1416:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1387:
1370:
1366:
1356:
1354:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1328:
1323:Wayback Machine
1314:
1310:
1305:Gesamtkunstwerk
1299:
1295:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1265:Gesamtkunstwerk
1254:Gesamtkunstwerk
1246:Gesamtkunstwerk
1242:
1219:Gesamtkunstwerk
1127:in London held
1125:Saatchi Gallery
1113:Gesamtkunstwerk
1109:Gesamtkunstwerk
1093:Kurt Schwitters
1075:
1063:Gesamtkunstwerk
1047:Gesamtkunstwerk
1035:Gesamtkunstwerk
1019:
1013:
1010:
1003:needs expansion
988:
981:
971:
962:
951:
942:
932:Willow Tearooms
928:
919:
916:Municipal House
912:
903:
892:
883:
876:
867:
860:
851:
840:
797:oratory of the
779:Gesamtkunstwerk
765:Franz von Stuck
740:Fernand Khnopff
691:Sagrada Família
676:Sagrada Família
665:Sagrada Família
638:Sagrada Família
512:(1904–1906) in
501:Ladislav Šaloun
479:(1904–1912) in
477:Municipal House
464:Alexandre Bigot
460:Louis Majorelle
450:(1901–1902) in
448:Villa Majorelle
402:Gesamtkunstwerk
398:
381:Gesamtkunstwerk
374:Gesamtkunstwerk
363:Gesamtkunstwerk
358:Gesamtkunstwerk
346:
344:In architecture
337:Blackwell House
325:Blackwell House
310:Gesamtkunstwerk
292:
258:Opera and Drama
250:Gesamtkunstwerk
223:Gesamtkunstwerk
215:Gesamtkunstwerk
197:
191:
177:E.T.A. Hoffmann
113:
108:
77:
53:
52:
51:
43:
39:Gesamtkunstwerk
31:Gesamtkunstwerk
17:
12:
11:
5:
5501:
5499:
5491:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5463:Richard Wagner
5460:
5455:
5445:
5444:
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5437:
5417:
5409:
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5407:
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5401:
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5393:
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5316:
5310:
5308:
5307:Related topics
5304:
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5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5035:Gallen-Kallela
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5010:David d'Angers
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4951:
4949:
4947:Visual artists
4943:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
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4909:
4907:Schleiermacher
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4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4172:Oehlenschläger
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
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4023:
4017:
4015:
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4010:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
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3966:
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3884:
3882:
3878:
3877:
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3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3842:Castelo Branco
3838:
3836:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
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3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3568:Brothers Grimm
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3529:
3527:
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3522:
3520:
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2426:at Wiktionary
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2397:Warrack, John
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2081:
2074:
2071:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2045:
2040:
2034:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1917:
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1902:
1898:
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1602:9789040302947
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1415:on 2 May 2005
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1266:
1262:
1261:Ian Gillespie
1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1226:Shirin Neshat
1222:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:Paul McCarthy
1197:
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1080:
1079:Dopplereffekt
1072:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1059:Villa Cavrois
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1017:
1014:November 2020
1008:
1004:
1001:This section
999:
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869:
865:
858:
853:
849:
845:
838:
833:
828:
824:
820:
816:
815:Koloman Moser
812:
811:stained glass
808:
804:
803:Saint Leopold
800:
796:
792:
788:
785:
784:
780:
776:
772:
771:
766:
762:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:Franz Metzner
741:
737:
733:
729:
726:
725:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
681:
680:Colònia Güell
677:
673:
669:
666:
662:
661:
659:
655:
654:Colònia Güell
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
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616:
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583:
579:
578:
572:
569:
566:
562:
558:
555:
554:
552:
548:
547:
543:
542:Gyula Jungfer
539:
535:
531:
530:Miklós Ligeti
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:
502:
498:
497:Josef Mařatka
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
456:Henri Sauvage
453:
452:Nancy, France
449:
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441:
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343:
341:
338:
334:
333:Baillie Scott
330:
326:
322:
318:
313:
311:
306:
304:
300:
296:
289:
287:
285:
284:
279:
278:
277:Das Rheingold
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118:
111:Before Wagner
110:
105:
103:
100:
97:
92:
90:
86:
82:
74:
72:
70:
66:
62:
55:
49:
41:
40:
32:
28:
23:
19:
5425:
5418:
5411:
5395:
5115:Porto-Alegre
4769:Philosophers
4653:Rachmaninoff
4102:Chavchavadze
4092:Baratashvili
3852:João de Deus
3821:Wincenty Pol
3613:Küchelbecker
3341:
3307:Noble savage
3294:
3261:
3260:
3235:Wallenrodism
3212:
3198:
3129:Coppet group
3063:(literature)
2923:Solita forma
2803:Da capo aria
2697:Sprechgesang
2657:Kammersänger
2651:
2596:Haute-contre
2550:Sung-through
2422:
2400:
2383:
2374:
2340:
2326:
2312:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2272:Bibliography
2258:
2248:
2233:
2222:
2212:
2183:
2175:
2170:
2158:. Retrieved
2151:
2142:
2127:
2115:. Retrieved
2111:the original
2100:
2088:. Retrieved
2084:the original
2073:
2061:. Retrieved
2057:the original
2047:
2006:
2001:
1989:. Retrieved
1983:
1974:
1962:. Retrieved
1953:
1944:
1932:. Retrieved
1926:
1916:
1904:. Retrieved
1900:
1891:
1879:. Retrieved
1875:
1866:
1854:. Retrieved
1850:
1841:
1833:
1828:
1817:
1805:. Retrieved
1799:
1789:
1777:. Retrieved
1773:
1764:
1752:. Retrieved
1748:the original
1743:
1734:
1722:. Retrieved
1715:
1706:
1694:. Retrieved
1688:
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1647:
1638:
1626:. Retrieved
1620:
1611:
1592:
1586:
1577:
1569:
1546:
1537:
1525:. Retrieved
1521:
1501:
1496:
1488:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1457:
1452:
1443:
1417:. Retrieved
1413:the original
1407:
1400:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1355:. Retrieved
1351:
1341:
1334:
1329:
1311:
1304:
1296:
1287:Millington (
1283:
1264:
1258:
1253:
1245:
1243:
1223:
1218:
1212:
1188:Ilya Kabakov
1180:Liam Gillick
1172:Valie Export
1164:Daniel Buren
1148:Joseph Beuys
1135:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1112:
1108:
1098:
1076:
1062:
1055:Le Corbusier
1046:
1040:
1034:
1011:
1007:adding to it
1002:
955:Gorky Museum
953:Interior of
930:Interior of
900:Antoni Gaudí
878:Interior of
848:Victor Horta
793:. It is the
778:
736:Gustav Klimt
626:Antoni Gaudí
561:Hôtel Solvay
557:Hôtel Tassel
551:Victor Horta
442:
418:Antoni Gaudí
410:Victor Horta
401:
399:
380:
378:
373:
371:
367:Michelangelo
362:
357:
355:
315:Morris' and
314:
309:
307:
293:
281:
275:
269:
267:
262:
256:
254:
249:
235:
222:
220:
214:
210:
204:
180:
165:Ludwig Tieck
153:
142:
122:da capo aria
120:
114:
101:
93:
84:
78:
38:
37:
35:
30:
27:Hôtel Tassel
18:
5105:Michałowski
4937:Wackenroder
4902:F. Schlegel
4897:A. Schlegel
4673:Tchaikovsky
4562:Bortkiewicz
4434:R. Schumann
4429:C. Schumann
4394:Kalkbrenner
4363:Saint-Saëns
3668:Anne Brontë
3553:Eichendorff
3538:B. v. Arnim
3533:A. v. Arnim
3343:Weltschmerz
3302:Medievalism
3251:Blue flower
3179:Nationalist
3124:Bohemianism
3036:Romanticism
2903:Prima donna
2878:Opera seria
2798:Convenienze
2788:Comprimario
2778:Chiaroscuro
2540:Patter song
2535:Opera house
2490:Chest voice
2160:27 November
2153:artnet News
2053:"Drag Race"
1991:27 November
1964:20 November
1934:27 November
1906:28 November
1881:28 November
1856:28 November
1807:20 November
1779:20 November
1754:28 November
1696:20 November
1655:20 November
1628:20 November
1527:28 December
1176:Isa Genzken
1081:in 1999 on
791:Otto Wagner
742:, sculptor
734:, painters
710:Casa Batlló
695:Casa Batlló
650:Casa Vicens
642:Casa Batlló
634:Palau Güell
604:Miguel Blay
526:Géza Maróti
462:, ceramist
428:, Austrian
424:, Scottish
406:Art Nouveau
396:Art Nouveau
386:Robert Adam
317:Philip Webb
303:John Ruskin
283:Die Walküre
263:music drama
246:Grand Opera
206:Die Walküre
117:opera seria
5447:Categories
4980:Chassériau
4955:Aivazovsky
4663:Rubinstein
4648:Mussorgsky
4597:Wieniawski
4582:Paderewski
4424:Moszkowski
4207:Vörösmarty
4197:Shevchenko
4051:Longfellow
3975:Batyushkov
3970:Baratynsky
3939:Espronceda
3806:Mickiewicz
3801:Malczewski
3768:Wordsworth
3753:M. Shelley
3708:de Quincey
3573:Günderrode
3457:Baudelaire
3337:Wanderlust
3174:Lake Poets
2994:Hovsångare
2913:Ritornello
2908:Recitative
2898:Portamento
2858:Melodramma
2833:Intermezzo
2828:Impresario
2818:Falsettone
2783:Coloratura
2611:Répétiteur
2505:Head voice
2063:24 January
1928:Wallpaper*
1275:References
1208:Franz West
896:Parc Güell
862:Detail of
819:sculptures
718:Parc Güell
699:Parc Güell
687:Joan Rubió
685:Architect
670:Architect
630:Park Güell
595:Sculptors
538:Miksa Róth
416:, Catalan
203:Score for
195:Musikdrama
193:See also:
127:librettist
75:Background
69:aesthetics
5420:Modernism
5080:Kiprensky
5040:Géricault
5025:Friedrich
5015:Delacroix
4990:Constable
4970:Bonington
4960:Bierstadt
4912:Senancour
4887:Schelling
4842:Lamennais
4837:Khomyakov
4802:Coleridge
4797:Chaadayev
4704:Stanković
4699:Mokranjac
4618:Balakirev
4577:Moniuszko
4526:Donizetti
4521:Cherubini
4419:Meyerbeer
4404:Marschner
4379:Beethoven
4292:Moscheles
4226:Musicians
4212:Wergeland
4177:Orbeliani
4132:Grundtvig
4036:Hawthorne
4005:Zhukovsky
4000:Vyazemsky
3985:Lermontov
3944:Gutiérrez
3903:Radičević
3867:Herculano
3791:Krasiński
3733:Radcliffe
3703:Coleridge
3678:E. Brontë
3673:C. Brontë
3603:Jean Paul
3598:Hölderlin
3487:Lamartine
3424:Magalhães
3414:Guimarães
3322:Pantheism
3312:Nostalgia
3164:Indianism
3112:Movements
3043:Countries
2968:Tessitura
2893:Pasticcio
2888:Passaggio
2823:Fioritura
2793:Contralto
2763:Cantabile
2753:Cabaletta
2733:Bel canto
2692:Spieloper
2687:Sitzprobe
2682:Singspiel
2677:Regieoper
2667:Leitmotif
2601:Intermède
2591:Entr'acte
2555:Surtitles
2525:Monodrama
2520:Melodrama
2515:Mad scene
2472:by origin
2033:cite book
2025:785864884
1985:Belvedere
1801:ArchDaily
1429:cite book
1352:Interlude
1204:Superflex
1140:21er Haus
1123:In 2011,
1105:Hugo Ball
1043:Modernism
986:Modernism
961:in Moscow
918:in Prague
714:Casa Milà
646:Casa Milá
624:Works of
602:Sculptor
580:Works of
549:Works of
534:Ede Telcs
420:, French
321:Red House
242:Euripides
238:Aeschylus
179:'s opera
157:Romantics
144:bel canto
61:art forms
5432:Category
5248:Dahlhaus
5233:Blanning
5200:Scholars
5170:Tropinin
5165:Tidemand
5155:Stattler
5150:Scheffer
5050:Głowacki
5020:Edelfelt
4975:Bryullov
4917:Snellman
4892:Schiller
4882:Rousseau
4862:Michelet
4807:Constant
4777:Belinsky
4750:Sibelius
4694:Konjović
4668:Scriabin
4638:Lyapunov
4572:Lipiński
4541:Spontini
4531:Paganini
4475:Goldmark
4266:Thalberg
4261:Schubert
4241:Bruckner
4202:Topelius
4192:Runeberg
4182:Prešeren
4152:Leopardi
4117:Frashëri
4107:Eminescu
4087:Andersen
3995:Tyutchev
3980:Karamzin
3954:Zorrilla
3949:Saavedra
3847:Castilho
3835:Portugal
3826:Słowacki
3728:Polidori
3658:Barbauld
3593:Hoffmann
3548:Brentano
3462:Bertrand
3283:Romantic
3119:Ancients
3093:Scotland
2948:Stagione
2918:Sinfonia
2843:Libretto
2813:Falsetto
2773:Cavatina
2768:Castrato
2748:Burletta
2743:Brindisi
2631:Travesti
2606:Overture
2545:Prompter
2500:Duodrama
2363:(2011) '
2198:cite web
1958:Archived
1319:Archived
1103:such as
1101:Dadaists
979:Budapest
768:garden'.
752:Art Deco
514:Budapest
119:and the
106:In opera
65:loanword
5273:Lovejoy
5208:Abraham
5130:Richard
5120:Préault
5045:Girodet
4927:Thoreau
4872:Novalis
4857:Mazzini
4852:Maistre
4827:Hazlitt
4812:Emerson
4792:Carlyle
4782:Berchet
4725:Berwald
4720:Bennett
4689:Hristić
4643:Medtner
4623:Borodin
4613:Arensky
4536:Rossini
4511:Bellini
4490:Joachim
4463:Hungary
4444:Strauss
4372:Germany
4338:Berlioz
4307:Voříšek
4302:Smetana
4280:Czechia
4234:Austria
4167:Maturin
4162:Manzoni
4137:Heliade
4112:Foscolo
4082:Alfieri
4077:Abovian
4031:Emerson
3990:Pushkin
3929:Bécquer
3862:Garrett
3816:Potocki
3763:Southey
3723:Maturin
3693:Carlyle
3650:Britain
3623:Novalis
3578:Gutzkow
3526:Germany
3492:Mérimée
3477:Gautier
3404:Barreto
3399:Azevedo
3379:Alencar
3359:Writers
3278:Byronic
3214:Purismo
3068:Germany
3050:Denmark
2978:Vibrato
2973:Verismo
2943:Squillo
2928:Soprano
2853:Maestro
2848:Licenza
2758:Cadenza
2738:Bravura
2706:Italian
2616:Roulade
2478:English
2373:(1827)
2117:13 July
2090:13 July
1954:YouTube
1724:10 June
1263:, uses
1250:Beyoncé
1031:Bauhaus
940:Glasgow
807:mosaics
518:Hungary
436:, Finn
327:in the
229:' and '
169:Novalis
44:German:
5298:Wellek
5278:de Man
5263:Janion
5253:Ferber
5228:Berlin
5223:Beiser
5218:Barzun
5213:Abrams
5190:Wiertz
5175:Turner
5125:Révoil
5110:Palmer
5100:Martin
5095:Leutze
5070:Janmot
5030:Fuseli
4985:Church
4877:Quinet
4867:Müller
4822:Goethe
4817:Fichte
4740:Franck
4682:Serbia
4633:Glinka
4606:Russia
4592:Tausig
4587:Stolpe
4567:Chopin
4555:Poland
4516:Busoni
4480:Heller
4449:Wagner
4384:Brahms
4358:Onslow
4348:Halévy
4316:France
4297:Reicha
4287:Dvořák
4256:Mahler
4251:Hummel
4246:Czerny
4142:Isaacs
4122:Geijer
4056:Lowell
4046:Irving
4026:Cooper
4021:Bryant
3963:Russia
3898:Njegoš
3893:Kostić
3888:Jakšić
3881:Serbia
3811:Norwid
3786:Fredro
3778:Poland
3748:Seward
3638:Uhland
3628:Schwab
3618:Mörike
3608:Kleist
3563:Goethe
3558:Fouqué
3507:Nodier
3502:Nerval
3497:Musset
3449:France
3439:Varela
3434:Taunay
3419:Macedo
3367:Brazil
3317:Ossian
3244:Themes
3083:Poland
3078:Norway
3060:France
2938:Spinto
2873:Musico
2838:Legato
2723:Arioso
2640:German
2621:Timbre
2586:Encore
2571:Claque
2564:French
2530:Number
2390:
2347:
2333:
2319:
2305:
2023:
2013:
1599:
1518:"Home"
1419:10 May
1120:art'.
1073:In art
1057:. The
823:angels
817:, and
716:, and
697:, and
648:, and
563:, and
532:, and
481:Prague
209:; the
182:Undine
149:French
5384:Bacon
5293:Rosen
5288:Ricks
5283:Nancy
5243:Blume
5238:Bloom
5160:Stroy
5145:Saleh
5140:Runge
5090:Lampi
5075:Jones
5065:Hayez
5000:Corot
4965:Blake
4932:Tieck
4922:Staël
4847:Larra
4832:Hegel
4787:Burke
4745:Grieg
4735:Field
4730:Elgar
4713:Other
4546:Verdi
4504:Italy
4495:Liszt
4485:Hubay
4470:Erkel
4454:Weber
4439:Spohr
4399:Loewe
4389:Bruch
4353:Méhul
4343:Fauré
4333:Auber
4328:Alkan
4187:Raffi
4157:Mácha
4147:Lenau
4097:Botev
4070:Other
3922:Spain
3857:Dinis
3743:Scott
3718:Keats
3698:Clare
3688:Byron
3683:Burns
3663:Blake
3648:Great
3633:Tieck
3588:Heine
3583:Hauff
3517:Vigny
3512:Staël
3472:Dumas
3394:Assis
3389:Alves
3374:Abreu
3327:Rhine
3230:Ultra
3073:Japan
2987:Other
2883:Ossia
2728:Banda
2470:terms
2467:Opera
1357:8 May
938:, in
5258:Frye
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