283:
256:
1110:
318:
266:
1187:) with Bolesław. On the other hand, Bohemia remained in Ottonian hands as part of the Holy Roman Empire. The contemporary chronicle by Thietmar of Merseburg does not give details of the treaty. Historians have differed in their interpretation whether these were granted to Bolesław as imperial fiefs, or if he held them with full sovereignty. Emperor Henry II did not renew the campaigns against Bolesław thereafter and the peace was confirmed by Bolesław's marriage with
762:
1675:
1684:
328:
307:
293:
1696:
150:
42:
989:. Boleslaus III initially managed to secure the throne and expel his brothers and mother Emma, who in 1001 took refuge at the court of duke Henry IV of Bavaria (who became the German king Henry II 3 years later), but bishop Thiedag (Thiddag) of Prague and part of the nobility still opposed him. Although Thiedag fled to
1129:. He thereby failed to support Henry in Italy and also refused to acknowledge Meissen and Lusatia as fiefs; he believed he held them independently of the Empire. To enforce Bolesław's submission, Henry had his son Mieszko II taken hostage and did not release him until 1014 following pressure from Saxon nobles.
997:
in May 1002. Vladivoj paid homage to German king Henry II as
Bohemia's overlord, but was unable to re-establish order to Bohemia during his brief reign (he died in January 1003). After his death, the Bohemian nobles invited Jaromír and Oldřich back from exile in Bavaria to take the throne. But then
854:
on 6 or 7 June 1002. Henry then launched an indecisive campaign against Herman of Swabia, but was recognised by the
Thuringians, Saxons and lower Lotharingians in subsequent months, either by homage or renewed election. Herman of Swabia eventually submitted to king-elect Henry II on 1 October 1002.
941:
as
Eckhard's firstborn son. Thietmar also suggested that Herman was involved in the attempt on Bolesław's life, and that this was the reason why the Piast duke razed Strehla, the castle town owned by Herman's wife. Herman would eventually lose the Meissen inheritance struggle against his uncle
1153:, however, with the help of outside reinforcements the city held out and Henry was eventually forced to retreat. The war spread over to Bohemia, where Mieszko's forces ravaged the lands and, while Bolesław again lost control over Kiev, peace efforts were resumed by the Saxon nobility.
1031:, but the Luitici people were still overwhelmingly pagan, the German king's alliance with the Luitici was heavily criticised by the Saxon nobility, and only reluctantly and without enthusiasm participated in Henry's wars against Poland. In turn, Henry had Margrave
1080:
and he regained control of eastern
Lusatia and Meissen. After several unsuccessful campaigns by the German king from 1010 onwards, another peace was agreed to in Merseburg in 1013. This time Bolesław kept eastern Lusatia and the Milceni lands around
1002:
intervened by militarily invading and occupying
Bohemia, and putting Boleslaus III (who had been in his custody) back in power as his vassal. Boleslaus III took bloody revenge on many nobles who had deposed him, especially the
937:– then still 'commonly respected among Slavic communities of the period' – Herman at the Merseburg council also seems to have pressed rights to his father's inheritance according to the newly emerging principle of
1132:
Bolesław consistently refused to come before the German king. As a result, in 1015 Henry, supported by his pagan
Liutician allies, launched another armed expedition against him. He attempted to cross into
1734:
1086:
2644:
364:
1068:, where a peace was concluded. As a result, Bolesław, unlike his ally Henry of Schweinfurt, refused to submit to King Henry, but had to give up his earlier conquests in Lusatia and Meissen.
1027:, Henry II forged an alliance with the Luitici tribes against Bolesław to drive him out of the Saxon eastern marches and out of Poland. Because the Duchy of Poland had recently officially
1023:
At the beginning of 1003, Bolesław seized
Bohemia; Henry demanded that Bolesław pay homage to him to be invested with the Bohemian dukedom, but Bolesław refused. During Easter 1003 in
867:) after the death of Eckard, presumably in agreement with the Ekkehardings, and when Bolesław participated in the renewed election of Henry II by the Saxon princes on July 1002 at the
59:
1608:
1651:
2177:
1813:
618:
2712:
826:
The circumstances changed significantly, when in
January 1002 Emperor Otto III suddenly died at the age of 21, leaving no heirs nor any succession arrangements. The
808:
and solemnly celebrated their mutual recognition and friendship, with Bolesław called 'brother and cooperator of the Empire, friend and ally of the Roman people'.
2677:
921:
Castle in the
Margraviate of Meissen ablaze on his way back to Poland, although it remains unclear why he did so. At the time, the castle town of Strehla (Polish:
2697:
2503:
1042:, whose expectations to become Bavarian duke in return for supporting Henry's kingship had been disappointed by Henry. In August 1003, in an episode known as the
2667:
1941:
2080:
350:
436:
106:
2499:
1707:
1007:
clan, so that
Bohemian opinion turned against him. Then Bolesław of Poland imprisoned and blinded Boleslaus III, and assumed personal rule over Bohemia.
668:
78:
1884:
1869:
1835:
568:
553:
528:
2413:
1897:
1076:
In 1007, Bolesław, possibly preempting an attack by Henry, once again marched against the Luitici tribes. His campaign took him up to the gates of
886:. Bolesław left the royal court with disappointment. Moreover, an attempt was made on Bolesław's life, which he escaped only with the help of Duke
633:
85:
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2182:
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2021:
2009:
2004:
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1641:
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1170:
533:
1980:
1830:
523:
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1739:
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and several friendly German nobles. While it is not known for sure if the attack had been ordered by Henry and the contemporary chronicler
2384:
1090:
1089:. In return, Bolesław swore an oath of allegiance, promised to support Henry's bid for the crown of Holy Roman Emperor and aid him in his
961:. King Henry in turn renewed his Bavarian fellowship with the Přemyslid rulers of Bohemia, old-time enemies of the Polish Piast dynasty.
74:
2632:
2612:
2155:
1958:
1924:
1594:
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2495:
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2305:
2239:
269:
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1504:
486:
125:
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902:
denied any complicity, Bolesław believed this was the case. In any case Henry neither protected him, nor punished the assailants.
426:
357:
1787:
496:
441:
282:
255:
1064:
on the side of the German king. The fighting did not stop until Henry, with Bohemian and Lutici support, launched a campaign to
933:, the oldest son of Eckard. Although Gunzelin had received his older brother Eckard's inheritance according to the principle of
461:
2692:
2545:
1792:
1782:
1015:
Müller-Mertens (1995) divided the conflict between Henry II and Bolesław I into three campaigns: 1003–5, 1007–13, and 1015–18.
638:
2286:
2672:
2364:
1162:
1057:
978:
613:
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332:
63:
2532:
2038:
1929:
648:
1646:
1617:
1032:
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930:
883:
839:
797:
421:
99:
2527:
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1987:
817:
770:
701:
673:
583:
286:
2418:
2639:
2388:
2333:
2328:
1879:
1145:
River. In 1017 Henry renewed his campaign, while Yaroslav attacked Poland from the eastern side. The emperor's troops
847:
598:
563:
1061:
986:
481:
406:
317:
311:
297:
265:
476:
2617:
2352:
2340:
1661:
1636:
1028:
821:
603:
588:
2450:
1766:
491:
52:
2357:
994:
887:
835:
501:
391:
2408:
1744:
1053:, Henry of Schweinfurt rose up against Henry II with the backing of Bolesław, but Henry II crushed this revolt.
543:
515:
2445:
1109:
982:
466:
2147:
1967:
1822:
1719:
945:
The Piast ruler himself referred to both his former marriage with a daughter of the earlier deceased margrave
431:
2707:
2702:
2455:
2433:
2423:
2187:
2165:
999:
713:
446:
321:
155:
374:
2522:
2400:
2291:
2125:
2108:
2075:
2068:
1997:
1098:
593:
471:
183:
2428:
1043:
2627:
2555:
2438:
2264:
1992:
938:
910:
899:
1755:
2589:
2259:
2135:
2130:
2095:
1631:
1122:
1039:
895:
891:
789:
2229:
1840:
1656:
1382:
805:
506:
2489:
2251:
2118:
2103:
2050:
2014:
1907:
1852:
1402:
1094:
831:
705:
663:
643:
29:
882:
Bolesław's claims for enfeoffment of Meissen were rejected; these passed on to Eckard's brother
1121:
After Merseburg, Bolesław got entangled in the Kievan succession crisis backing his son-in-law
1048:
2550:
2369:
2345:
2281:
2194:
2085:
1797:
1724:
1573:
1547:
1526:
1500:
1479:
1138:
1126:
958:
934:
745:
401:
259:
2560:
2514:
2374:
2313:
2246:
2224:
2204:
2063:
2043:
1912:
1394:
1180:
1146:
1114:
974:
954:
827:
801:
761:
741:
737:
697:
231:
206:
187:
179:
17:
2565:
2318:
1934:
1917:
1496:
The Birth of a Stereotype: Polish Rulers and Their Country in German Writings C. 1000 A.D.
1166:
879:, Henry gave Bolesław these lands as fiefs. In return, Bolesław recognised Henry as king.
843:
830:
duke Henry IV, member of a cadet branch of the Ottonian dynasty, raised claims to become
2323:
1674:
1188:
1134:
793:
235:
191:
1683:
2661:
1406:
1184:
1175:
721:
709:
225:
2477:
2234:
1975:
1695:
863:
Bolesław occupied Lower Lusatia and the Milsko/Milzener land around Budziszyn (now
28:
This is the 1003-1018 German-Polish War. For a list of all Polish-German Wars, see
1035:, Eckard's brother, arrested and reached the commitment of several Saxon bishops.
1541:
1494:
1398:
2379:
1383:"The Politics of Bohemia and the Thirty Years' War on the Spanish Baroque Stage"
1024:
870:
149:
41:
1864:
1859:
1004:
538:
1586:
1077:
926:
876:
785:
548:
1065:
2622:
733:
788:. The Ottonian emperors had also supported Polish expansion against the
1750:
1150:
1082:
1060:, he was combated both by the Bohemian nobility and Boleslaus' brother
953:, daughter of a Lutici prince, in order to expand his influence to the
950:
918:
864:
740:
in 1018, which left Lusatia and Upper Lusatia as a fief of Poland, and
729:
725:
717:
678:
221:
195:
946:
781:
342:
1085:
as Imperial fiefs. He also received military aid from Henry for his
1108:
851:
760:
158:
with marked expeditions and major battles of the German–Polish War
993:, the hostile nobles deposed Boleslaus III and instead enthroned
1165:, Bishop Arnulf of Halberstadt, Margrave Herman of Meissen, the
1142:
1590:
346:
1364:
1362:
35:
1349:
1347:
1345:
696:
consisted of a series of struggles in 1003–1018, between the
1206:
1204:
796:
since the 970s. The Polish ruler also allied with Margrave
1543:
The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 3, c.900–c.1024
1183:, which left eastern Lusatia and the Milceni lands (later
1735:
Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis
1429:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1274:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1546:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 891.
1568:
Jan, Lerski; Wrobel, Piotr; Kozicki, Richard (1996).
818:
Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor § Succession crisis
2603:
2580:
2513:
2464:
2399:
2304:
2146:
1966:
1957:
1821:
1812:
1775:
1706:
1624:
1093:campaigns. To confirm the alliance, Bolesław's son
977:, a fratricidal war erupted between his three sons
800:to contain the influence of the Přemyslid dukes of
66:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1056:After Bolesław had invaded Bohemia to depose Duke
1521:Rosik, Stanisław; Przemysław, Wiszewski (2006).
780:): together they fought against the West Slavic
769:Bolesław maintained good relations with Emperor
1038:Bolesław could rely on the support by Margrave
812:German succession crisis (January–October 1002)
142:
1946:Ottoman–Tatar Invasion of Lithuania and Poland
1652:Military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1602:
358:
8:
1368:
1353:
1336:
1087:intervention in the Kievan succession crisis
868:
1942:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1534–1537)
1930:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1512–1522)
716:. The locus of conflict was the control of
2470:
1963:
1818:
1788:Second Mongol invasion of Poland (1259/60)
1712:
1609:
1595:
1587:
365:
351:
343:
148:
139:
1793:Third Mongol invasion of Poland (1287/88)
1783:First Mongol invasion of Poland (1240/41)
942:Gunzelin, who was supported by Bolesław.
765:Marches of Lusatia and Meissen about 1000
126:Learn how and when to remove this message
2081:War of the Polish Succession (1587–1588)
1137:but was stopped by Bolesław's troops at
842:. The latter was attacked and killed by
1642:History of Polish intelligence services
1525:(in Polish). Wydawnictwo Dolnośląskie.
1200:
804:. In 1000 Bolesław and Otto met at the
2595:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
1457:
1445:
1433:
1324:
1307:
1295:
1278:
1245:
1233:
1210:
1191:, daughter of Margrave Eckard I.
965:Bohemian war of succession (since 999)
2698:11th century in the Holy Roman Empire
1988:Northern Seven Years' War (1563–1570)
7:
2668:Wars involving the Holy Roman Empire
2178:Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671)
1831:Teutonic takeover of Danzig (Gdańsk)
1101:, a distant relative of King Henry.
846:nobles a few weeks after. Henry was
64:adding citations to reliable sources
2414:Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)
906:Meissen inheritance struggle (1002)
792:, in the Baltic areas and against
154:Map of Poland during the reign of
75:"German–Polish War" 1003–1018
25:
2678:Germany–Poland military relations
2200:War of the Holy League 1683–1699
1903:Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438)
1694:
1682:
1673:
1523:Księga królów i książat polskich
326:
316:
305:
291:
281:
264:
254:
40:
2183:Polish–Ottoman War of 1672–1676
2173:Polish–Ottoman War of 1633–1634
2161:Polish–Ottoman War of 1620–1621
2114:Polish–Russian War of 1609–1618
2032:Polish–Swedish War of 1626–1629
2027:Polish–Swedish War of 1621–1625
2022:Polish–Swedish War of 1617–1618
2010:Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1611
2005:Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1629
1898:Władysław the White's rebellion
1885:Polish–Teutonic War (1519–1521)
1870:Polish–Teutonic War (1431–1435)
1836:Polish–Teutonic War (1326–1332)
1570:Historical Dictionary of Poland
1478:(in Polish). Proszynski Media.
775:
220:Poland is granted control over
51:needs additional citations for
2688:1000s in the Holy Roman Empire
2683:1010s in the Holy Roman Empire
2365:Greater Poland uprising (1848)
2156:Moldavian campaign (1497–1499)
1925:Moldavian campaign (1497–1499)
1572:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1493:Pleszczynski, Andrzej (2011).
1097:married the German noblewoman
949:and his present marriage with
736:. The fighting ended with the
1:
2713:German–Polish War (1003–1018)
2272:Russo–Polish War of 1654–1667
2240:Siege of Smolensk (1632–1633)
1913:1444 war against the Ottomans
1740:German–Polish War (1028–1031)
1730:German–Polish War (1003–1018)
1647:List of wars involving Poland
991:Eckard I, Margrave of Meissen
931:Herman I, Margrave of Meissen
884:Gunzelin, Margrave of Meissen
859:Merseburg council (July 1002)
2282:War of the Bar Confederation
2277:War of the Polish Succession
1499:Leiden: Brill. p. 352.
1399:10.1080/14753820.2010.513097
2640:Russian invasion of Ukraine
2533:Częstochowa Ghetto uprising
2329:War of the Fourth Coalition
1981:campaign of Stephen Báthory
1387:Bulletin of Spanish Studies
1161:In January 1018 Archbishop
1113:Memorial to the successful
925:) was in the possession of
18:German–Polish War (1002–18)
2729:
2618:Operation Uphold Democracy
2353:War of the Sixth Coalition
2341:War of the Fifth Coalition
2287:Polish–Russian War of 1792
1662:Warfare in Medieval Poland
1637:History of the Polish Army
1125:against Henry's candidate
822:1002 German royal election
815:
708:from 1014) and the Polish
170:Early 1003–30 January 1018
2541:
2528:Białystok Ghetto uprising
2473:
2358:French invasion of Russia
2217:
2059:
2039:Northern War of 1655–1660
1893:
1715:
1668:
1618:Polish wars and conflicts
1474:Jasienica, Pawel (2007).
1115:Polish defense of Niemcza
1029:converted to Christianity
834:– against rivalling duke
757:Ottonian–Polish relations
384:
275:
248:
162:
147:
2446:Second Silesian Uprising
1763:1156 war against Germany
1760:1146 war against Germany
1540:Reuter, Timothy (1995).
1381:Sullivan, H. W. (2010).
971:Boleslaus II "the Pious"
969:After the death of duke
702:Henry II of Germany
238:of the Holy Roman Empire
2645:Military aid to Ukraine
2456:Third Silesian Uprising
2424:First Silesian Uprising
2419:Polish–Czechoslovak War
2188:Battle of Chocim (1673)
2166:Battle of Chocim (1621)
1171:Theodoric II of Lusatia
333:Boleslaus III "the Red"
2693:11th century in Poland
2523:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
2466:World War II in Poland
2126:Zebrzydowski rebellion
2109:Moldavian Magnate Wars
2076:Siege of Danzig (1577)
1118:
1099:Richeza of Lotharingia
869:
766:
744:became a duchy in the
276:Commanders and leaders
2673:Wars involving Poland
2628:2003 invasion of Iraq
2556:Operation Ostra Brama
2451:Polish–Lithuanian War
2265:Battle of Berestechko
1993:War against Sigismund
1767:Galicia–Volhynia Wars
1112:
939:agnatic primogeniture
911:Thietmar of Merseburg
900:Thietmar of Merseburg
816:Further information:
764:
2409:Polish–Ukrainian War
2260:Khmelnytsky Uprising
1823:Polish–Teutonic wars
1632:Early modern warfare
1040:Henry of Schweinfurt
1000:Bolesław I the Brave
896:Henry of Schweinfurt
850:and crowned king in
714:Bolesław I the Brave
322:Bolesław I the Brave
156:Bolesław I the Brave
60:improve this article
2506:during World War II
2292:Kościuszko Uprising
2256:1644 Tatar Invasion
2230:Fedorovych uprising
2221:1624 Tatar Invasion
2148:Polish–Ottoman wars
2100:1593 Tatar Invasion
2092:1589 Tatar Invasion
2069:Battle of Lubieszów
1998:Battle of Stångebro
1968:Polish–Swedish wars
1875:Thirteen Years' War
1745:Miecław's Rebellion
1720:Polish–Veletian War
1657:Polish Armed Forces
1625:General and related
1460:, p. 262, 520.
1213:, p. 262, 549.
1044:Schweinfurter Fehde
1033:Gunzelin of Meissen
836:Herman II of Swabia
806:Congress of Gniezno
778: 983/996–1002
2633:Occupation of Iraq
2613:War in Afghanistan
2490:Invasion of Poland
2385:fighting in Poland
2306:Poland partitioned
2252:Ostryanyn uprising
2104:Nalyvaiko Uprising
2051:Great Northern War
2015:Battle of Kircholm
1908:Battle of Grotniki
1880:War of the Priests
1853:Battle of Grunwald
1448:, p. 519–520.
1339:, p. 207–208.
1310:, p. 260–261.
1119:
1095:Mieszko II Lambert
929:, the new wife of
917:that Bolesław set
832:King of the Romans
767:
706:Holy Roman Emperor
376:Polish–German Wars
30:Polish-German Wars
2655:
2654:
2590:Racibórz Conflict
2582:People's Republic
2576:
2575:
2551:Operation Tempest
2429:Polish–Soviet War
2370:November Uprising
2346:Austro-Polish War
2334:Prussian campaign
2300:
2299:
2195:Great Turkish War
2136:Battle of Humenné
2131:Thirty Years' War
2119:Battle of Kłuszyn
2096:Kosiński uprising
2086:Battle of Byczyna
1953:
1952:
1865:Gollub War (1422)
1860:Hunger War (1414)
1808:
1807:
1798:Battle of Legnica
1749:1072 war against
1725:Battle of Cedynia
1579:978-0-313-26007-0
1532:978-83-7384-604-3
1485:978-83-7648-284-2
1369:Pleszczynski 2011
1354:Pleszczynski 2011
1337:Pleszczynski 2011
1163:Gero of Magdeburg
1127:Yaroslav the Wise
935:agnatic seniority
888:Bernard of Saxony
840:Eckard of Meissen
798:Eckard of Meissen
746:Holy Roman Empire
694:German–Polish War
687:
686:
387:Holy Roman Empire
341:
340:
337:
302:
260:Holy Roman Empire
244:
243:
143:German–Polish War
136:
135:
128:
110:
16:(Redirected from
2720:
2546:Italian Campaign
2515:Ghetto uprisings
2502:, and
2471:
2434:Battle of Warsaw
2375:January Uprising
2314:Denisko uprising
2247:Pavlyuk uprising
2225:Zhmaylo uprising
2205:Battle of Vienna
2064:Danzig rebellion
1964:
1841:Battle of Płowce
1819:
1814:Jagiellon Poland
1776:Mongol invasions
1713:
1698:
1686:
1677:
1611:
1604:
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1231:
1214:
1208:
1181:Peace of Bautzen
1157:Peace of Bautzen
1147:besieged Niemcza
1052:
998:the Polish duke
913:reported in his
874:
779:
777:
738:Peace of Bautzen
379:
377:
367:
360:
353:
344:
335:
331:
330:
329:
320:
310:
309:
308:
300:
296:
295:
294:
285:
268:
258:
232:Duchy of Bohemia
207:Peace of Bautzen
164:
163:
152:
140:
131:
124:
120:
117:
111:
109:
68:
44:
36:
21:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2599:
2572:
2566:Warsaw Uprising
2537:
2509:
2460:
2401:Second Republic
2395:
2319:Napoleonic Wars
2296:
2213:
2142:
2055:
1949:
1935:Battle of Orsha
1918:Battle of Varna
1889:
1804:
1771:
1756:Siege of Głogów
1702:
1701:
1690:
1666:
1620:
1615:
1580:
1567:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1539:
1533:
1520:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1492:
1486:
1473:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1456:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1432:
1421:
1411:
1409:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1367:
1360:
1352:
1343:
1335:
1331:
1323:
1314:
1306:
1302:
1294:
1285:
1277:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1232:
1217:
1209:
1202:
1197:
1159:
1107:
1074:
1046:
1021:
1013:
967:
908:
861:
824:
814:
784:tribes and the
774:
759:
754:
690:
689:
688:
683:
653:
627:Weimar Republic
623:
573:
511:
451:
380:
375:
373:
371:
327:
325:
324:
306:
304:
303:
292:
290:
289:
270:Duchy of Poland
214:
198:
190:
153:
132:
121:
115:
112:
69:
67:
57:
45:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2726:
2724:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2708:1018 in Europe
2705:
2703:1003 in Europe
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2605:Third Republic
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2492:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2474:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2439:Kiev offensive
2436:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2326:
2324:Peninsular War
2321:
2316:
2310:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2257:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2158:
2152:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2128:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2098:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1833:
1827:
1825:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1790:
1785:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1753:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1688:
1687:
1679:
1678:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1565:
1552:
1537:
1531:
1518:
1505:
1490:
1484:
1476:Polska Piastów
1469:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1450:
1438:
1436:, p. 519.
1419:
1373:
1371:, p. 208.
1358:
1356:, p. 211.
1341:
1329:
1327:, p. 261.
1312:
1300:
1298:, p. 260.
1283:
1281:, p. 262.
1250:
1248:, p. 523.
1238:
1236:, p. 520.
1215:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1189:Oda of Meissen
1173:, and Henry's
1158:
1155:
1135:Greater Poland
1106:
1103:
1073:
1070:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1009:
966:
963:
907:
904:
860:
857:
813:
810:
758:
755:
753:
750:
685:
684:
682:
681:
676:
671:
666:
660:
659:
652:
651:
646:
641:
636:
630:
629:
622:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
580:
579:
572:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
520:
519:
516:Teutonic Order
510:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
458:
457:
450:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
385:
382:
381:
372:
370:
369:
362:
355:
347:
339:
338:
314:
278:
277:
273:
272:
262:
251:
250:
246:
245:
242:
241:
240:
239:
236:Imperial State
228:
216:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
192:Greater Poland
178:
176:
172:
171:
168:
160:
159:
145:
144:
138:
137:
134:
133:
48:
46:
39:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2725:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2561:Lwów uprising
2559:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2505:
2504:contributions
2501:
2497:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2483:Eastern Front
2481:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2390:
2389:Eastern Front
2386:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1581:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1555:
1553:9780521364478
1549:
1545:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1508:
1506:9789004185548
1502:
1498:
1497:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1185:Upper Lusatia
1182:
1179:declared the
1178:
1177:
1176:ministeriales
1172:
1168:
1164:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1058:Boleslaus III
1054:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1018:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1001:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
979:Boleslaus III
976:
972:
964:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
943:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
905:
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
880:
878:
873:
872:
866:
858:
856:
853:
849:
845:
841:
838:and margrave
837:
833:
829:
823:
819:
811:
809:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
772:
763:
756:
751:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
724:, as well as
723:
722:Upper Lusatia
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
661:
658:
655:
654:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
628:
625:
624:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
518:
517:
513:
512:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
459:
456:
453:
452:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
388:
383:
378:
368:
363:
361:
356:
354:
349:
348:
345:
334:
323:
319:
315:
313:
299:
288:
287:Henry II
284:
280:
279:
274:
271:
267:
263:
261:
257:
253:
252:
247:
237:
233:
229:
227:
226:Upper Lusatia
223:
219:
218:
217:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
174:
173:
169:
166:
165:
161:
157:
151:
146:
141:
130:
127:
119:
116:February 2020
108:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77: –
76:
72:
71:Find sources:
65:
61:
55:
54:
49:This article
47:
43:
38:
37:
34:
33:
31:
19:
2494:Polish
2478:World War II
2235:Smolensk War
1976:Livonian War
1959:Commonwealth
1729:
1708:Piast Poland
1689:
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1542:
1522:
1510:. Retrieved
1495:
1475:
1468:Bibliography
1453:
1441:
1410:. Retrieved
1390:
1386:
1376:
1332:
1303:
1241:
1174:
1160:
1131:
1123:Sviatopolk I
1120:
1075:
1055:
1037:
1022:
1014:
968:
957:and Meissen
944:
922:
914:
909:
881:
862:
825:
768:
693:
691:
657:Nazi Germany
656:
626:
576:
514:
454:
411:
386:
249:Belligerents
122:
113:
103:
96:
89:
82:
70:
58:Please help
53:verification
50:
27:
26:
2380:World War I
1458:Reuter 1995
1446:Reuter 1995
1434:Reuter 1995
1325:Reuter 1995
1308:Reuter 1995
1296:Reuter 1995
1279:Reuter 1995
1246:Reuter 1995
1234:Reuter 1995
1211:Reuter 1995
1047: [
1025:Quedlinburg
871:Kaiserpfalz
794:Kyivan Rus'
455:Brandenburg
301:(1003–1012)
234:becomes an
213:Territorial
2662:Categories
2500:resistance
2044:The Deluge
1393:(6): 735.
1195:References
790:Přemyslids
752:Background
86:newspapers
1848:Great War
1559:25 August
1512:31 August
1412:25 August
1407:154386807
1169:margrave
1105:1015–1018
1078:Magdeburg
1072:1007–1013
1019:1003–1005
927:Regelinda
915:Chronicon
894:margrave
877:Merseburg
786:Obotrites
679:1944-1949
674:1943-1945
669:1939-1945
649:1919-1934
644:1919-1921
634:1918-1919
619:1914-1918
604:1813-1814
599:1806-1807
589:1792-1797
584:1733-1735
569:1519–1521
564:1467–1479
559:1454–1466
554:1431–1435
534:1409–1411
529:1326–1332
507:1656-1657
502:1476-1482
492:1326-1329
482:1311-1312
472:1269-1272
467:1265-1278
462:1247-1252
417:1028-1031
412:1003-1018
2623:Iraq War
1011:Conflict
995:Vladivoj
955:Lusatian
828:Bavarian
771:Otto III
734:Slovakia
698:Ottonian
175:Location
2498:,
2496:history
2387:on the
1751:Bohemia
1151:Silesia
1141:on the
1117:in 1017
1091:Italian
1083:Bautzen
1062:Jaromír
1005:Vršovci
987:Oldřich
983:Jaromír
975:Bohemia
959:marches
951:Emnilda
923:Strzała
919:Strehla
892:Nordgau
865:Bautzen
848:elected
802:Bohemia
742:Bohemia
730:Moravia
726:Bohemia
718:Lusatia
577:Prussia
312:Oldřich
298:Jaromír
222:Lusatia
215:changes
196:Silesia
188:Bohemia
184:Meissen
180:Lusatia
100:scholar
1576:
1550:
1529:
1503:
1482:
1405:
1167:Wettin
1139:Krosno
1066:Poznań
985:, and
947:Rikdag
890:, the
820:; and
782:Lutici
712:ruler
336:(1003)
203:Result
102:
95:
88:
81:
73:
1403:S2CID
1051:]
852:Mainz
844:Saxon
710:Piast
700:king
107:JSTOR
93:books
1574:ISBN
1561:2022
1548:ISBN
1527:ISBN
1514:2022
1501:ISBN
1480:ISBN
1414:2022
1143:Oder
732:and
692:The
664:1939
639:1919
614:1848
609:1846
594:1795
549:1422
544:1419
539:1414
524:1308
497:1370
487:1316
477:1296
447:1278
442:1184
437:1157
432:1146
427:1109
422:1074
230:The
224:and
167:Date
79:news
1395:doi
1149:in
973:of
875:in
407:979
402:972
397:967
392:963
62:by
2664::
1422:^
1401:.
1391:87
1389:.
1385:.
1361:^
1344:^
1315:^
1286:^
1253:^
1218:^
1203:^
1049:de
981:,
776:r.
748:.
728:,
720:,
194:,
186:,
182:,
1610:e
1603:t
1596:v
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90:·
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