426:
party is the propagation, popularization, and development of German education, culture, art, and language in Poland. In addition, German
Minority advocates for real social acceptance of multiculturalism and respecting and realizing the rights of national minorities, especially in education. Economically, the party states its commitment to welfare state and an economy based on Christian values, giving special importance to values of solidarity and justice. An important element in the functioning of the state according to the German Minority was integration into the European Union and the development of Polish-German cooperation - as such, the party supported Polish entrance in the European Union.
437:, which "could become a representation of the German population" in addition to German Minority. Wojtaszczyk found that the performance of Polish People's Party was particularly weak in areas with significant German minority, concluding that German Minority is ideologically similar to that party, with the main difference being that German Minority appeals specifically to the interests of German population, while PSL promotes purely Polish slogans. However, the electorate of German Minority mainly consists of older people, with many young Germans in Poland either emigrating or voting for Polish parties.
482:
family counselling centres and the church. The party believes that "the region is the right place to create health policy" and advocates for a heavily decentralised healthcare system that would focus on "equalisation of opportunities for regional operators". The party also calls for a high increase of salaries for teacher and healthcare workers, and believes that public facilities need to be modernised in order to be more accessible for the disabled and seniors. German
Minority also calls for free public transportation.
418:, where it gained more than 132 000 valid votes nationwide, equating to 1.18 %. The party also included representatives of other Polish minorities on its lists — Lemkos, Roma, Belarusians and Karaites. In its programme, the party emphasized regulating the status of all Germans in Poland, specifically advocating for the Law on National Minorities. The party also emphasized the desire for consensual and peaceful coexistence between Germans and Poles, support for the development of a
950:"Despite the loss of our representative in the Polish Parliament, we firmly believe that the change that has taken place in the proportions of votes in the Sejm will bring about a democratisation of social life, an improvement in many fundamental pillars of the state and a return to elementary social dialogue." Political commentators attributed the loss of German seat to declining German population in Poland, "brutal atmosphere" of the campaign, and the very high turnout.
406:(70%) and Roman Catholic (90%). While homogenous culturally, the German society is facing significant political divisions, as well as declining numbers — young Polish Germans, increasingly better educated and holding German citizenship in addition to the Polish one, are leaving for more economically developed Germany in search of better living conditions. Germans in Poland also value their regional identity over the national one, which leads some of them to identify as
286:
49:
298:
1579:
461:). The party describes itself as based on Christian values, writing: "The community of the German Minority is made up of people with Christian roots, so our activities are based on Christian values. Through its activity based on Christian democratic values, the German minority seeks to bring about a strengthening of such fundamental values as freedom, solidarity and justice."
862:
741:
650:
619:
588:
832:
802:
772:
711:
681:
465:
without justice". As such, the party believes that Poland has an obligation to uphold equal rights for all, particularly caring for the needs of weak and small social groups. According to German
Minority, the solidarity of the German community in Silesia can be preserved through cultivating and upholding its tradition, especially the
425:
German
Minority emerged as the only major minority electoral committee running in Polish parliamentary elections since 1991. It is characterized by strong regionalism, with the problems of the Opole region and its population forming the basis of the committee's programme. One of the main goals of the
949:
In 2023, the list got 5.37% of valid votes in the Opole constituency and for the first time won no seats. This means that for the first time since 1990, the German minority had no political representation in the Polish Sejm. Following the loss of their single seat, German
Minority wrote a statement:
481:
In regards to economy, the party calls for building a system of equal opportunities, especially for the "weakest individuals in society". To this end, German
Minority wants free, state-financed kindergarten and greater financial support for family welfare institutions such as social welfare centres,
464:
German
Minority puts heavy emphasis on solidarity and corporatism in its program, stressing the importance of fostering a community in contrast to individualism. The party stresses that while everyone has the right to coexist, one "is also obliged to be in solidarity" and that "there is no freedom
405:
where
Germans make up more than 20% of the population. Germans are the largest minority group in Poland — according to the 2002 census, there were 152,897 Germans in Poland, and almost all of them (140 000) were located in Upper Silesia. The German minority in Poland is also overwhelmingly rural
516:. Polish political scientist Andrzej Szczepański found that the voter profile of the German Minority Electoral Committee is typical of a party of the left, particularly similar to the Democratic Left Alliance. It was also compared to left-wing Polish agrarian parties such as
469:
language. In addition, the party calls for a great decentralisation of Poland and empowerment of the local governments, especially in the regards to finances; German
Minority calls for local authorities to be given a bigger share of revenue from
911:(7,897 votes), lost his seat and announced his resignation from the chairmanship of the Social-Cultural Association of Germans in Silesian Opole, whose delegates are due to elect a new president early 2008. The 3 candidate list for the
413:
After 1989, several groups aiming to represent German minority interests in Poland had emerged, but German
Minority Electoral Committee became the most successful formation. The party first participated in the
361:, but an organization by which Poland's political system gives political representation to national minorities. Candidates of the German minority are proposed by the Social-Cultural Association of Germans in
906:
and had announced the rise from 2 to 3 seats as an electoral goal early in September, thanks to the personal votes of local mayors who were supposed to reinforce the list. The second former Sejm deputy,
2533:
492:
Increasing the quality of German language teaching in Polish schools, including German as a national minority language, and supporting and developing mechanisms to support bilingual education;
371:
327:
2555:
2513:
2205:
2548:
1564:
1542:
401:, which trace their history back to when the area was a part of Germany or its predecessor states from the late Middle Ages until the 1940s, and there are 19 counties of
3092:
2518:
2687:
2543:
2124:
2659:
3062:
2827:
3082:
2670:
1483:
489:
Preservation of the traditions, identity and culture of Silesian Germans and guaranteeing legal and financial mechanisms for the cultivation of this heritage;
2134:
2894:
2730:
2523:
3077:
3031:
2702:
2159:
147:
2645:
2283:
2179:
501:
Cultivation of sustainable and balanced development Silesia in regards to the rest of Poland, especially in matters of infrastructure and health care;
3067:
2847:
2593:
2719:
3057:
2884:
2250:
2080:
1982:
1975:
1739:
1557:
517:
498:
Additional privileges and development of self-government, transferring as much power as possible to the local authorities and self-governments;
430:
2817:
2394:
2139:
1294:
2780:
2736:
2676:
2795:
2714:
2580:
2374:
1573:
358:
269:
2332:
3072:
2389:
903:
883:
839:
809:
779:
749:
718:
688:
658:
627:
596:
565:
415:
351:
302:
2837:
2538:
2939:
2724:
2575:
2491:
2425:
2230:
1994:
1758:
1619:
1550:
1514:
513:
2609:
2479:
2919:
2604:
2288:
103:
2278:
2092:
2062:
166:
2304:
2832:
2457:
2235:
1231:
3087:
2944:
2899:
2760:
2682:
2452:
2272:
2184:
2149:
1391:
92:
2955:
2842:
2807:
2754:
2639:
2419:
2102:
2072:
1864:
1102:
1082:
1062:
1042:
1022:
1002:
982:
509:
2210:
2200:
1328:
1205:
Zachowania wyborcze wybranych mniejszości narodowych i etnicznych oraz grup regionalnych w Polsce w latach 2000-2011
2708:
2501:
2474:
2469:
2408:
2260:
2245:
2190:
1746:
1507:
A Minority Vote. Participation of the German and Belarusian Minorities within the Polish Political System 1989–1999
143:
2869:
2822:
2741:
2652:
2462:
2384:
2352:
2174:
2119:
458:
343:
100:
2971:
2961:
2858:
2692:
2109:
1928:
1814:
1650:
1637:
916:
138:
48:
2599:
2010:
1852:
1721:
434:
2976:
2949:
2934:
2790:
2697:
2586:
2440:
2266:
1457:
959:
180:
1393:
Being Polish/Becoming European:Gender and The Limits of Diffusion in Polish Accession to the European Union
1203:
3097:
2914:
2879:
2864:
2852:
2770:
2528:
2496:
2435:
2144:
1895:
108:
422:, cooperation with neighboring countries and keeping all of the communist-era social welfare programmes.
2929:
2924:
2785:
2775:
2447:
2413:
2294:
2169:
2164:
1953:
1901:
1789:
1600:
419:
116:
297:
3008:
3013:
2982:
2747:
2485:
2430:
2255:
2154:
876:
380:
131:
485:
In 2019, the party outlined six political issues as particularly important for the German Minority:
2634:
2299:
2240:
2225:
2195:
1919:
1662:
274:
112:
1211:(PhD thesis) (in Polish). Warsaw: Uniwersytet Warszawski Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych.
3036:
2966:
2889:
2801:
2067:
2003:
1839:
926:
In 2011, the list got 8.76% of valid votes in the Opole constituency, and more than 20% in three
533:
521:
264:
126:
17:
285:
2347:
2032:
2025:
1988:
1941:
1883:
1876:
1858:
1752:
1727:
1693:
1686:
1656:
1510:
1290:
1141:
931:
891:
872:
552:
402:
362:
306:
231:
216:
198:
2904:
2665:
2097:
2086:
2056:
1966:
1802:
1780:
1714:
1613:
912:
1469:
3026:
3019:
2812:
2342:
1960:
1827:
1796:
1674:
1607:
939:
466:
454:
331:
318:
2309:
2765:
2629:
1935:
1821:
1644:
1625:
920:
446:
1287:
Aktywność społeczno-polityczna mniejszości niemieckiej na Śląsku Opolskim po 1989 roku
354:, Galla lost his seat in the Sejm, leaving the party with no national representation.
3051:
2988:
2507:
2215:
2129:
2114:
1889:
1699:
1433:
1421:
1409:
943:
899:
508:
The party is placed on the left side of the Polish political spectrum, and after the
471:
398:
347:
290:
61:
1310:
532:
As an organisation representing a national minority, it is not required to pass the
2909:
2402:
935:
908:
56:
1445:
1166:
946:
was reelected as the sole MP from the German Minority with 11,794 personal votes.
2220:
2016:
1846:
1766:
1707:
85:
1364:
377:
Wahlkomitee Sozial-Kulturelle Gesellschaft der Deutschen im Oppelner Schlesien
2379:
407:
1232:"Program Wyborczy KWW Mniejszość Niemiecka w wyborach parlamentarnych 2015"
915:
didn't succeed in winning a single seat. According to the bilingual weekly
524:
and left-wing in the 2000s, although it moved to the right in late 2010s.
1668:
1484:"Mniejszość niemiecka traci reprezentację w polskim Sejmie po 33 latach"
1311:"Détail pays - Congress of Local and Regional Authorities - www.coe.int"
2874:
1365:"Program Wyborczy KWW Mniejszość Niemiecka 2019: Opolskie ma Znaczenie"
450:
1470:
Results of voting in 2023 elections for Sejm. Sejm Constituency no. 21
1578:
1532:
927:
339:
194:
1346:
212:
80:
919:, votes won by the German Minority list could have benefited the
251:
1591:
1329:"Mniejszość niemiecka bez mandatu, po raz pierwszy od 1990 roku"
895:
887:
1546:
1263:
Aleksandra Kruk; Piotr Pochyły (2015). "Mniejszość Niemiecka".
923:(PO), for whom 6,000 to 8,000 ethnic Germans would have voted.
520:
and the 2000s Polish People's Party (PSL). PSL was considered
495:
Support for young people, family values, and entrepreneurship.
475:
386:
Towarzystwo Społeczno-Kulturalne Niemców Województwa Śląskiego
429:
Małgorzata Wojtaszczyk compared German Minority to agrarian
367:
Towarzystwo Społeczno-Kulturalne Niemców na Śląsku Opolskim
1422:
Engelbert Miś, 21 Kandidaten für den Sejm, 3 für den Senat
2534:
Polish Socialist Party – Freedom, Equality, Independence
3004:
italic font – electoral alliances and/or popular fronts
2556:
Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania
1574:
Political parties and political associations in Poland
445:
German Minority supports Polish integration with the
379:) and the Social-Cultural Association of Germans in
2622:
2568:
2365:
2331:
2324:
2044:
1916:
1776:
1587:
536:of 5% as standard political parties in Poland are.
244:
229:
211:
193:
179:
165:
154:
137:
125:
91:
75:
67:
55:
34:
1446:Election results »Poland» Sejm constituency no. 21
879:. The Opole list also won one seat in the Senate.
2206:Organisation of the Polish Nation – Polish League
2688:Christian Democracy of the Third Polish Republic
2544:Polish Socialist Party of the Prussian Partition
2125:Christian Democracy of the Third Polish Republic
2549:Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction
1458:Komitet Wyborczy Wyborców Mniejszość Niemiecka
1399:. University of Michigan Library. p. 167.
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
890:(Polish parliament) got 8.81% of the votes in
1558:
1280:
1278:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
293:(Opole Voivodeship and Silesian Voivodeship).
8:
384:
2160:Jurassic-Silesian Association European Home
1289:. Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek. p. 179.
3023:****: not currently registered as a party
2828:Movement for the Republic – Patriotic Camp
2619:
2565:
2362:
2328:
1565:
1551:
1543:
871:In 1993, there were two lists, one in the
397:There is a significant German minority in
346:. Since 2008, its representative has been
31:
2671:Centre Agreement – Integrative Initiative
2660:Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"
2284:Social Movement of the Republic of Poland
2180:National Party of Retirees and Pensioners
2135:Edward Gierek's Economic Revival Movement
1322:
1320:
1137:
1135:
1133:
902:(8,193 votes). He had already won a seat
3093:Pro-European political parties in Poland
2703:Citizens' Movement for Democratic Action
964:
538:
296:
289:German Minority in the Polish region of
284:
2895:Polish Confederation – Dignity and Work
2848:Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms
2731:Democratic Left Alliance – Labour Union
2594:Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth
2519:Polish People's Party "Nowe Wyzwolenie"
1157:
1129:
181:Voivodeship Sejmik of Opole Voivodeship
3063:Christian democratic parties in Poland
2251:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
1390:Alexandra Gerber (15 September 2011).
1258:
1256:
431:Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
3083:Political parties established in 1990
2818:Movement for Reconstruction of Poland
2646:Agreement for the Future – CenterLeft
2395:Communist Party of Western Belorussia
2140:Farmers from the Baltic to the Tatras
1436:, Schlesisches Wochenblatt 24/10/2007
1424:, Schlesisches Wochenblatt 19/09/2007
1412:, Schlesisches Wochenblatt 12/09/2007
1327:Marzena Śmierciak (16 October 2023).
449:and the development of the region of
323:Komitet Wyborczy Mniejszość Niemiecka
301:Votes for the German Minority in the
40:Komitet Wyborczy Mniejszość Niemiecka
7:
1482:Marek Szczepanik (16 October 2023).
453:, and argues for laws supportive of
2796:League of the Right of the Republic
2715:Confederation of Independent Poland
2581:Confederation of Independent Poland
1509:. Kraków: Zakład Wydawniczy NOMOS.
315:German Minority Electoral Committee
37:German Minority Electoral Committee
3078:German political parties in Poland
2524:Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"
2390:Communist Party of Western Ukraine
1144:according to the 1975–1998 borders
416:1991 Polish parliamentary election
352:2023 Polish parliamentary election
25:
2940:Self-Defence of the Polish Nation
2761:Feminist Initiative/Women's Party
2576:Communist Party of Poland (Mijal)
2492:Polish Christian Democratic Party
2426:Christian Union of National Unity
2231:Polish Party of Animal Protection
1995:Confederation of the Polish Crown
1759:Confederation of the Polish Crown
504:Equal treatment of women and men.
18:German Minority (political party)
1577:
1434:Nur Ryszard Galla bleibt im Sejm
1202:Wojtaszczyk, Małgorzata (2017).
861:
860:
830:
800:
770:
740:
739:
709:
679:
649:
648:
618:
617:
587:
586:
47:
2920:Polish Labour Party - August 80
2737:Democratic Party – demokraci.pl
2677:Centre Agreement – Polish Union
2385:Communist Party of Poland (KPP)
1472:, National Electoral Commission
1460:, National Electoral Commission
1448:, National Electoral Commission
1171:Parties and Elections in Europe
338:) is an electoral committee in
336:Wahlkomitee Deutsche Minderheit
79:6 Konopnickiej Street, 45-004,
3068:Conservative parties in Poland
2480:Polish-Catholic People's Party
831:
801:
771:
710:
680:
1:
3058:1990 establishments in Poland
2539:Polish Socialist Party – Left
2529:Polish Socialist Party (1892)
2514:Polish People's Party "Piast"
2458:National Radical Camp Falanga
1505:Rabagliati, Alastair (2001).
1285:Szczepański, Andrzej (2013).
2945:Self-Defence Social Movement
2605:Polish United Workers' Party
2453:National Radical Camp (1934)
2273:Silesian Separatist Movement
2185:National Radical Camp (1993)
2150:First Self-Governance League
886:, the candidate list to the
884:2007 Parliamentary elections
27:Minority committee in Poland
2956:Solidarity Electoral Action
2843:National Self-Defence Front
2838:National Party "Fatherland"
2808:Liberal Democratic Congress
2720:Conservative People's Party
2640:Alternative Social Movement
2103:Union of Christian Families
2073:Agreement (political party)
1865:Union of European Democrats
1165:Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019).
894:, and only one seat in the
512:it formed a coalition with
510:2002 Polish local elections
84:3 Wczasowa Street, 47-400,
3114:
2885:People's National Movement
2709:Coalition for the Republic
2261:Silesian Autonomy Movement
2246:Right Wing of the Republic
2191:National Revival of Poland
1410:Kampf um drei Sejm-Mandate
3073:German diaspora in Poland
3032:List of political parties
3001:
2900:Polish Beer-Lovers' Party
2823:Movement for the Republic
2653:Catholic Electoral Action
2463:National Radical Camp ABC
2175:League of Polish Families
459:German minority in Poland
260:
249:
46:
2725:Democratic Left Alliance
2693:Christian National Union
2201:Bezpartyjni Samorządowcy
2110:United Beyond Boundaries
917:Schlesisches Wochenblatt
514:Democratic Left Alliance
39:
2977:Third Republic Movement
2950:Social Justice Movement
2791:League and Self-Defense
2698:Christian-Peasant Party
2587:Front of National Unity
2475:National Workers' Party
2470:National People's Union
2375:Catholic People's Party
2267:Silesian Regional Party
1265:Przegląd Narodowościowy
960:Opole Regional Assembly
958:Local elections to the
357:It is not a registered
144:European People's Party
127:Political position
2915:Polish Reason of State
2865:Patriotic Self-Defence
2436:Popular National Union
2236:Polish Communist Party
2045:Other existing parties
1896:Polish Socialist Party
385:
376:
366:
335:
322:
310:
294:
2925:Polish National Party
2833:National Party (1989)
2786:Labour Party (Poland)
2776:Initiative for Poland
2610:United People's Party
2600:Polish Workers' Party
2448:National Radical Camp
2414:Labour Faction (1937)
2279:Socialist Alternative
2165:Kashubian Association
2063:Alliance of Democrats
2011:Polish People's Party
1853:Polish People's Party
1722:Polish People's Party
435:Polish People's Party
420:social market economy
342:which represents the
300:
288:
117:Social market economy
2486:Polish Catholic Bloc
2431:Camp of Great Poland
2256:Self-Defence Rebirth
2155:Freedom and Equality
1369:Mniejszość Niemiecka
1239:Mniejszość Niemiecka
877:Katowice Voivodeship
457:(in particular, the
410:rather than German.
381:Silesian Voivodeship
139:European affiliation
3088:Regionalist parties
2880:Peasants' Agreement
2683:Christian Democracy
2635:Alliance for Poland
2300:There is One Poland
2241:Real Politics Union
2226:Polish Pirate Party
2196:New Democracy - Yes
2049:political movements
1920:European Parliament
1680:Independents (15)**
1351:dfkschlesien.vdg.pl
1271:. Zielona Góra: 77.
252:mniejszoscniemiecka
113:Christian democracy
3037:Politics of Poland
2967:The Poor of Poland
2890:Poland Comes First
2802:Left and Democrats
2755:European Coalition
2420:National Democracy
2305:Workers' Democracy
2068:Silesians Together
1917:Represented in the
1840:Third Way (Poland)
1733:Independent (1)***
954:Regional elections
534:election threshold
528:National elections
522:agrarian socialist
311:
295:
265:Politics of Poland
104:minority interests
3045:
3044:
2997:
2996:
2618:
2617:
2564:
2563:
2361:
2360:
2333:Polish–Lithuanian
1942:Polish Initiative
1859:Centre for Poland
1747:National Movement
1728:Centre for Poland
1657:Polish Initiative
1296:978-83-7780-395-0
1142:Opole Voivodeship
1121:
1120:
932:Krapkowice County
892:Opole Voivodeship
873:Opole Voivodeship
869:
868:
403:Opole Voivodeship
365:Silesia (Polish:
307:Opole Voivodeship
283:
282:
270:Political parties
16:(Redirected from
3105:
3009:Zbigniew Ajchler
2905:Poland Fair Play
2870:Party of Regions
2742:Democratic Union
2666:Centre Agreement
2620:
2566:
2409:Labor Party (PP)
2363:
2329:
2120:Civic Initiative
2098:Party of Drivers
2087:All-Polish Youth
2057:Polish Coalition
1947:Independents (3)
1909:Independents (4)
1833:Independents (4)
1808:Independents (4)
1803:Sovereign Poland
1715:Polish Coalition
1631:Independent (2)*
1614:Sovereign Poland
1582:
1581:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1544:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1533:Official website
1520:
1492:
1491:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
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1361:
1355:
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1343:
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1315:
1314:
1307:
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1300:
1282:
1273:
1272:
1260:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1236:
1228:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1199:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1162:
1145:
1139:
1116:
1096:
1076:
1056:
1036:
1016:
996:
965:
913:Senate of Poland
864:
863:
856:
834:
833:
826:
804:
803:
796:
774:
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3048:
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3027:Portal:Politics
3022:
3020:Marek Biernacki
3017:
3014:Piotr Adamowicz
3011:
3006:
2993:
2972:The Republicans
2859:Social Alliance
2813:Libertas Poland
2614:
2560:
2367:
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2343:Patriotic Party
2334:
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2320:
2315:German Minority
2211:Peasants' Party
2093:National League
2048:
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1961:Law and Justice
1929:Civic Coalition
1918:
1912:
1870:Independent (1)
1828:Yes! For Poland
1815:Civic Coalition
1797:Law and Justice
1778:
1772:
1675:Yes! For Poland
1638:Civic Coalition
1608:Law and Justice
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940:Strzelce County
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645:
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467:Silesian German
455:minority groups
443:
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359:political party
344:German minority
326:
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2935:Right Alliance
2932:
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2630:Ancestral Home
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2502:People's Party
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2441:National Party
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2368:inter-war eras
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2348:Hetmans' Party
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1936:Civic Platform
1924:
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1822:Civic Platform
1811:
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1777:Represented in
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1626:Polish Affairs
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1588:Represented in
1585:
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26:
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10:
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3110:
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3098:Upper Silesia
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2989:Your Movement
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2806:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
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2781:Initiative RP
2779:
2777:
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2771:Freedom Union
2769:
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2764:
2762:
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2569:Communist era
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2508:Polish Centre
2505:
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2500:
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2497:Peasant Party
2495:
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2353:Familia Party
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2327:
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2216:Piast Faction
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2202:
2199:
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2194:
2192:
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2186:
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2178:
2176:
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2168:
2166:
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2158:
2156:
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2148:
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2143:
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2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2130:Common Powiat
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2115:Better Poland
2113:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
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2088:
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2081:Confederation
2078:
2074:
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2066:
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2061:
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2059:
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2054:
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2051:
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2028:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1983:Confederation
1981:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1976:Confederation
1973:
1968:
1967:United Poland
1965:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1915:
1908:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1890:Left Together
1888:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1869:
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1860:
1857:
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1740:Confederation
1737:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1701:
1700:Left Together
1698:
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1498:
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1267:(in Polish).
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976:
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951:
947:
945:
944:Ryszard Galla
942:) out of 12.
941:
937:
933:
929:
924:
922:
918:
914:
910:
905:
901:
900:Ryszard Galla
897:
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889:
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880:
878:
875:, one in the
874:
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515:
511:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
487:
486:
483:
479:
477:
473:
472:corporate tax
468:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
440:
438:
436:
432:
427:
423:
421:
417:
411:
409:
404:
400:
399:Upper Silesia
392:
390:
387:
382:
378:
373:
368:
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
348:Ryszard Galla
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
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316:
308:
304:
299:
292:
291:Upper Silesia
287:
276:
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262:
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255:
248:
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87:
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78:
74:
70:
66:
63:
62:Ryszard Galla
60:
58:
54:
50:
45:
33:
30:
19:
3003:
2981:
2954:
2930:Reason Party
2910:Polish Union
2857:
2800:
2753:
2746:
2729:
2707:
2675:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2592:
2585:
2506:
2484:
2418:
2403:Front Morges
2401:
2335:Commonwealth
2314:
2295:Slavic Union
2170:Labour Party
2079:
2055:
2024:
2002:
1974:
1954:United Right
1952:
1927:
1902:Labour Union
1875:
1838:
1813:
1790:United Right
1788:
1738:
1713:
1685:
1636:
1601:United Right
1599:
1506:
1499:Bibliography
1490:(in Polish).
1487:
1477:
1465:
1453:
1441:
1429:
1417:
1405:
1392:
1385:
1373:. Retrieved
1368:
1359:
1350:
1341:
1335:(in Polish).
1332:
1305:
1286:
1268:
1264:
1243:. Retrieved
1238:
1204:
1174:. Retrieved
1170:
1160:
957:
948:
936:Opole County
925:
909:Henryk Kroll
881:
870:
548:% of Poland
531:
507:
484:
480:
463:
444:
428:
424:
412:
396:
356:
314:
312:
215:Councils in
197:Councils in
76:Headquarters
29:
2983:United Left
2748:Europa Plus
2366:Pre-war and
2221:Polish Left
2017:Poland 2050
1847:Poland 2050
1708:Poland 2050
1538:(in Polish)
1110:16.22 (#3)
1090:14.64 (#3)
1070:14.90 (#3)
1050:17.77 (#2)
1030:17.30 (#3)
1010:18.61 (#2)
990:21,15 (#2)
223:178 / 1,139
132:Centre-left
109:Regionalism
3052:Categories
2623:Modern era
2310:Freedomers
2289:Solidarity
1663:The Greens
1245:26 January
1176:2 December
1152:References
518:Samoobrona
393:Background
230:Mayors in
2380:Centrolew
2004:Third Way
1669:AGROunion
542:Election
441:Programme
372:‹See Tfd›
363:Opolitian
350:. In the
328:‹See Tfd›
275:Elections
3016:et al.,
2033:New Left
2026:The Left
1989:New Hope
1884:New Left
1877:The Left
1767:Kukiz'15
1753:New Hope
1694:New Left
1687:The Left
1620:Renew RP
1488:infor.pl
1375:4 August
1167:"Poland"
570:132,059
408:Silesian
375:German:
205:36 / 219
148:Congress
93:Ideology
86:Racibórz
2875:Party X
2145:Falanga
1107:53,338
1087:52,431
1067:41,889
1047:53,670
1027:49,131
1007:54,385
995:13 / 45
987:67,921
904:in 2005
882:At the
855:0 / 460
844:25,778
825:1 / 460
814:32,094
795:1 / 460
784:27,530
765:1 / 460
754:28,014
734:1 / 460
723:32,462
704:2 / 460
693:34,469
674:2 / 460
663:42,340
643:2 / 460
632:51,027
612:3 / 460
601:60,770
581:7 / 460
560:Change
451:Silesia
245:Website
238:12 / 71
173:0 / 460
155:Colours
68:Founded
2962:Spring
1781:Senate
1651:Modern
1641:(157)
1604:(191)
1513:
1371:. 2019
1347:"Home"
1293:
1241:. 2015
1115:5 / 30
1095:5 / 30
1075:7 / 30
1055:6 / 30
1035:7 / 30
1015:7 / 30
977:Seats
971:Votes
928:powiat
699:12.92
669:13.62
638:16.96
607:18.96
576:26.11
557:Seats
545:Votes
340:Poland
332:German
319:Polish
195:Powiat
187:5 / 30
159:
101:German
57:Leader
3018:***:
1957:(20)
1932:(21)
1843:(12)
1818:(41)
1793:(34)
1743:(18)
1718:(32)
1690:(26)
1647:(127)
1610:(165)
1397:(PDF)
1235:(PDF)
1209:(PDF)
1124:Notes
968:Year
850:5.37
847:0.12
820:7.90
817:0.17
790:8.14
787:0.18
760:8.76
757:0.19
729:8.81
726:0.20
696:0.29
666:0.36
635:0.39
604:0.44
573:1.18
553:Opole
551:% of
232:Opole
217:Opole
213:Gmina
199:Opole
81:Opole
3012:**:
2853:Now!
2317:****
2029:(3)
2007:(3)
1979:(6)
1963:(18)
1938:(17)
1880:(9)
1824:(36)
1799:(29)
1779:the
1724:(28)
1710:(33)
1696:(19)
1616:(18)
1592:Sejm
1590:the
1511:ISBN
1377:2023
1291:ISBN
1247:2022
1178:2019
1103:2024
1083:2018
1063:2014
1043:2010
1023:2006
1003:2002
983:1998
938:and
896:Sejm
888:Sejm
840:2023
810:2019
780:2015
750:2011
719:2007
689:2005
659:2001
628:1997
597:1993
566:1991
474:and
433:and
313:The
167:Sejm
161:Blue
71:1990
3007:*:
2047:and
2035:(3)
2019:(1)
2013:(2)
1997:(1)
1991:(2)
1985:(3)
1969:(2)
1944:(1)
1904:(1)
1898:(1)
1892:(2)
1886:(5)
1867:(1)
1861:(1)
1855:(4)
1849:(5)
1830:(1)
1805:(1)
1769:(3)
1761:(3)
1755:(8)
1749:(6)
1730:(3)
1702:(7)
1677:(1)
1671:(1)
1665:(3)
1659:(4)
1653:(6)
1628:(1)
1622:(5)
476:VAT
389:).
254:.eu
3054::
1486:.
1367:.
1349:.
1331:.
1319:^
1277:^
1255:^
1237:.
1217:^
1186:^
1169:.
1132:^
974:%
962::
934:,
898:,
865:1
744:1
653:1
622:4
591:7
478:.
369:,
334::
325:,
321::
305:,
2291:*
2275:*
2269:*
2263:*
2187:*
2089:*
1566:e
1559:t
1552:v
1519:.
1379:.
1353:.
1313:.
1299:.
1269:4
1249:.
1180:.
930:(
383:(
317:(
309:.
150:)
146:(
20:)
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