651:
1418:
429:
1411:
616:
732:
1014:
639:
1050:
830:
1002:
1062:
1026:
1074:
1541:
1534:
1527:
688:
862:
1404:
438:
1038:
1238:
926:
365:
1488:
338:. In addition to the official depictions, artistic renderings of the federal eagle are permitted and have found their way onto coins, stamps and the letterhead of federal authorities. In 1997 the Federal Press Office implemented a slightly simplified version of the original von Weech seal design which has since been used as a corporate design of the Federal government especially for publications and media appearances. It has no official status though as it is not mentioned in any ordinance or shown in the binding patterns of 1952 still in effect.
940:
708:
846:
1425:
372:
351:
1397:
1245:
39:
2214:
1259:
1583:
751:
379:
358:
1569:
1252:
53:
1090:
2067:
2055:
2043:
801:. The black double-headed eagle was retained, but without the four symbols of the emperor: the sword, the imperial orb, the sceptre and the crown. The eagle rested on a golden shield; above was a five-pointed golden star. On both sides the shield was flanked by three flags with the colors black-red-gold. The emblem, however, never gained general acceptance.
971:. The eagle has a red beak, tongue and claws, with open wings and feathers. In contrast to its predecessor, the eagle of the German Confederation, it has only one head, looking to the right, symbolising that important parts of the old empire, Austria and Bohemia, were not part of this new empire. Its legal basis was an imperial rescript:
1179:
without a frame, the same charge and colors as those of the eagle of the Reich's coat of arms are to be used, but the tops of the feathers are directed outside. The patterns kept by the
Federal Ministry of the Interior are decisive for the heraldic design. The artistic design may be varied for each special purpose.
292:
without a frame, the same charge and colors as those of the eagle of the
Federal coat of arms are to be used, but the tops of the feathers are directed outside. The patterns kept by the Federal Ministry of the Interior are definitive for the heraldic design. The artistic design is reserved to each special purpose.
975:
To the Reich
Chancellor Prince of Bismarck. Following your report of 27 June of this year I authorise: 1. that public authorities and public servants, appointed by the Emperor according to the requirements of the constitution and the laws of the German Empire, are to be called imperial; 2. that the
1783:
Allerhöchster Erlass vom 3. August 1871, betreffend die
Bezeichnung der Behörden und Beamten des Deutschen Reichs, sowie die Feststellung des Kaiserlichen Wappens und der Kaiserlichen Standarte (Rescript of August 3rd, 1871, concerning the names of the public authorities and public servants of the
1178:
By reason of a decision of the Reich's
Government I hereby announce, that the Imperial coat of arms on a gold-yellow shield shows the one headed black eagle, the head turned to the right, the wings open but with closed feathering, beak, tongue and claws in red colour. If the Reich's Eagle is shown
812:
The federal assembly constitutes the old German imperial eagle with the surrounding scripture "German
Confederation" and the colors of the former German imperial coat of arms – black, red, gold – to be the coat of arms and colors of the German Confederation and reserves the right, to make further
1161:
These signs had remained symbols of the
Paulskirche movement and Weimar Germany wanted to express its view of being also originated in that political movement between 1848 and 1852. The republican coat of arms took up the idea of the German crest established by the Paulskirche movement, using the
1376:
In relation to the
Regulation concerning the national emblem of the Reich of 5 November 1935, Article 1, I decide: The national emblem of the Reich shows the swastika surrounded by an oak wreath, on the oak wreath an eagle with spread wings. The head of the eagle is turned to the right. For the
1131:
in
Frankfurt upon Main, at the peak of the German civic movement demanding parliamentary participation and the unification of the German states. The achievements and signs of this movement had been mostly done away after its downfall and the political reaction in the 1850s. Only the tiny German
650:
291:
By reason of a decision of the
Federal Government I hereby announce that the Federal coat of arms on a gold-yellow shield shows the one headed black eagle, the head turned to the right, the wings open but with closed feathering, beak, tongue and claws of red color. If the Federal Eagle is shown
1166:, an eagle, in the same colors (black, red and or), but modernising its form, including a reduction of the heads from two to one. The artistic rendition of the eagle was very realistic. This eagle is mounted on a yellow (golden) shield. The coat of arms was announced in 1919 by the President
1013:
1107:
without the symbols of the former Monarchy (Crown, Collar, Breast shield with the Prussian Arms). This left the black eagle with one head, facing to the right, with open wings but closed feathers, with a red beak, tongue and claws and white highlighting.
1738:
Walter J. Schütz: Die Republik und ihr Adler. Staatliche Formgebung von Weimar bis heute, in: Christian Welzbacher (ed.): Der Reichskunstwart. Kulturpolitik und Staatsinszenierung in der Weimarer Republik 1918–1933, Weimar 2010, pp. 116–135, here pp.
1189:
However, in 1928 the Reichswappen (Reich's coat of arms) designed by Tobias Schwab (1887–1967) in 1926 (or 1924) for the German Olympic team became the official emblem. The Reichswehr adopted the new Reichswappen already in 1927.
420:
615:
1049:
325:
and official seals. These are designs by various artists of the Weimar period and differ primarily in the shape and position of the wings. A large and rather plump version of the eagle decorates the chamber of the
1337:
because the eagle of the latter is looking over its right shoulder, that is, looking to the left from the viewer's point of view. The emblem was established by a regulation made by Adolf Hitler, 5 November 1935:
989:
Kaiser Wilhelm, Rescript of August third, 1871, concerning the names of the public authorities and public servants of the German Empire, as well as the declaration of the Imperial coat of arms and the Imperial
638:
1061:
184:
1221:(State seal), of which the smaller version was used since 1921 by all Reich ministries and authorities on official documents as a consistent sign. It also appeared on the German passports. In 1949, the
252:) was used as an escutcheon to represent the Prussian kings as dynasts of the German Empire. The Weimar Republic introduced a version in which the escutcheon and other monarchical symbols were removed.
1025:
731:
3665:
2347:
976:
black, one-headed, rightward-looking eagle with red beak, tongue and claws, without scepter and orb, on the breast shield the Prussian eagle, overlaid with the shield of the House of Hohenzollern,
707:
778:, since Austria had taken over the union's leadership. It showed a black, double-headed eagle, which Austria had adopted just before the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
687:
1073:
297:
The Federal President Theodor Heuß, The Federal Chancellor Adenauer, The Federal Minister of the Interior Heinemann, Announcement concerning the federal coat of arms and the federal eagle.
766:) of 39 loosely united German states was founded on the territory of the former Holy Roman Empire. Until 1848, the confederation did not have a coat of arms of its own. The Federal Diet (
963:
had already been introduced at the Proclamation of Versailles, although the first version had been only a provisional one. The design of the eagle was altered at least twice during the
1309:
at its centre. With the eagle looking over its left shoulder, that is, looking to the right from the viewer's point of view, it symbolises the Nazi Party, and was therefore called the
829:
1752:
Bundesbeschluß über Wappen und Farben des Deutschen Bundes vom 9. März 1848. Federal decision about coat of arms and colors of the confederation of German states of 9 March 1848
1001:
1621:
1417:
428:
2099:
3266:
1225:
adopted all signs of Weimar Republic, Reichswappen, Reichsschild, Staatssiegel, Reichsflagge as Bundeswappen, Bundesschild. Bundessiegel and Bundesflagge in the 1950s.
2514:
2357:
861:
2026:
1993:
1951:
1916:
1829:
1798:
1766:
1725:
1410:
2719:
1037:
2071:
782:
754:
Germany's first national parliament meeting in Frankfurt. The double-headed eagle, now without the haloes of the Holy Roman Emperor's eagle, can be seen.
559:(a black eagle with wings expanded with red beak and legs on a gold field). During the medieval period the imperial eagle was usually single-headed. A
805:
3005:
2245:
984:
over the same the crown in the form of the crown of Charlemagne, but with two crossing bows, may be brought into use; 3. that the Imperial standard
1362:
In agreement with the Representative of the Führer, the Reich Minister of the Interior will enact the regulations necessary to implement Article 1.
3186:
845:
3324:
2173:
2168:
2092:
1616:
1382:
The Führer and Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler (and others), Regulation concerning the design of the national emblem of the Reich of 7 March 1936
591:
491:
818:
The Federal Assembly of the German Confederation, Federal decision about coat of arms and colors of the German Confederation of 19 March 1848
3259:
2479:
1184:
President Ebert; Minister of the Interior, Koch, Announcement concerning the federal coat of arms and the imperial eagle of 11 November 1919
497:
3706:
3686:
2786:
2178:
2449:
2128:
1815:
Bekanntmachung betreffend das Reichswappen und den Reichsadler (Announcement concerning the imperial coat of arms and the imperial eagle)
2633:
2616:
2524:
2489:
3701:
3531:
3456:
3344:
2434:
2198:
2714:
3619:
3369:
2973:
2877:
2085:
2011:
1978:
1377:
heraldic design of the national emblem, the included patterns are decisive. The artistic design is varied for each special purpose.
1367:
The Führer and Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler (and others), Regulation concerning the national emblem of the reich of 5 November 1935
317:
Official depictions of the eagle can be found not only in the federal coat of arms but also on the federal institutions flag, the
240:, in use during the 13th and 14th centuries (a black single-headed eagle on a golden background), before the emperors adopted the
3541:
3252:
1611:
568:
3696:
3634:
3586:
3451:
2839:
2439:
1482:
1133:
1097:
After the introduction of the republic the coat of arms of Germany was also altered accounting for the political changes. The
2822:
2638:
2322:
2117:
898:
738:
1860:
437:
3691:
3591:
3416:
3309:
3116:
2892:
2754:
2658:
2557:
2193:
1540:
1533:
1526:
594:. From the 12th century the Emperors also used a personal coat of arms separate from the imperial arms. From the reign of
587:
245:
3596:
3558:
3136:
2864:
2734:
2238:
2163:
1403:
508:
406:
925:
868:
3516:
2931:
2844:
2296:
2143:
1137:
1128:
663:
1357:
The announcement concerning the imperial coat of arms and the imperial eagle (Reichsgesetzbl. Pg 1877) is cancelled.
3486:
3446:
3426:
3314:
2854:
2766:
2744:
2663:
2648:
2464:
2444:
2286:
882:
1237:
1019:
Coat of arms of the German Emperor with crest: imperial coat of arms of His Majesty, 27 April 1871 – 3 August 1871
3624:
3521:
3421:
3106:
2291:
2203:
890:
1347:
The Reich holds as emblem of its nationality the national emblem of the National Socialist German Workers Party.
967:(1871–1918). It shows the imperial eagle, a comparatively realistic black eagle, with the heraldic crown of the
590:. Thereafter the double-headed eagle was used as the arms of the German emperor, and hence as the symbol of the
3644:
3629:
3546:
3501:
3496:
3471:
3329:
3083:
3045:
2882:
2653:
2183:
1124:
948:
909:). A new coat of arms was adopted, which consisted of a shield with the colors black-white-red, flanked by two
364:
177:
3614:
1487:
3536:
3526:
3476:
3436:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3334:
3319:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3219:
3073:
3050:
3030:
2990:
2953:
2902:
2776:
2739:
2509:
2231:
2153:
2133:
1606:
1601:
1499:
906:
2059:
2047:
3639:
3581:
3511:
3491:
3481:
3466:
3461:
3441:
3411:
3379:
3364:
3339:
3020:
2995:
2958:
2817:
2749:
2578:
2469:
2459:
2188:
2148:
2138:
1705:
1640:
According to sources of the Germany national football team Schwab created the emblem for the team in 1924.
794:
720:
1781:
3551:
3506:
3431:
3181:
3000:
2985:
2948:
2158:
1677:(Proclamation on the Coloured Representation of the Federal Coat-of-Arms), published 4 July 1952 in the
1199:
979:
939:
303:
219:
1207:
1258:
3406:
2963:
2907:
2791:
2729:
2724:
2694:
2626:
2604:
2552:
2454:
1665:(Proclamation on the Federal Coat-of-Arms and the Federal Eagle), published 20 January 1950, in the
1511:
1503:
944:
894:
852:
790:
759:
595:
396:
322:
311:
267:("federal eagle"). The legal basis of the use of this coat of arms is the announcement by President
3146:
3040:
3015:
3010:
2887:
2832:
2771:
2677:
2408:
2342:
1882:
1596:
1311:
560:
241:
3576:
3275:
3212:
3205:
3060:
3025:
2912:
2897:
2827:
2805:
2781:
2709:
2643:
2573:
2484:
2403:
2372:
2281:
2258:
1945:
1910:
1823:
1792:
1784:
German Empire, as well as the declaration of the Imperial coat of arms and the Imperial standard)
1760:
902:
886:
599:
531:
467:
401:
237:
606:
of his personal family arms, which appears as the black eagle with an escutcheon on his breast.
1424:
1093:
Title page of the Constitution of the Weimar Republic, with Schwab's design of the coat of arms
3166:
3141:
3088:
3035:
2849:
2621:
2413:
2020:
2007:
1987:
1974:
1719:
1284:(Reich's escutcheon), used on governmental flags of the Weimar Republic between 1921 and 1933
1163:
771:
694:
459:
455:
447:
335:
101:
224:
3228:
3176:
3171:
3161:
3156:
3151:
2978:
2943:
2917:
2589:
2393:
2362:
2317:
2312:
1701:
1171:
1146:
1141:
391:
284:
276:
133:
112:
108:
1750:
1212:
3401:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3068:
2494:
1697:
1588:
1167:
1098:
836:
775:
669:
574:
564:
504:
371:
350:
280:
272:
260:
211:
200:
153:
1287:
The small coat of arms as used on official seals and for federal institutions, 1921–1935
2213:
1396:
1244:
38:
3660:
3233:
3111:
3098:
2761:
2519:
1574:
545:
540:
515:
279:
of 20 January 1950, which is word for word identical to the announcement by President
3680:
2474:
1693:
1154:
968:
964:
268:
233:
1938:
Regulation concerning the design of the national emblem of the reich of 7 March 1936
750:
2859:
2534:
2529:
2504:
2499:
2398:
2352:
1507:
1495:
1342:
To express the unity of party and state in relation to their emblems too, I decide:
1298:
1222:
1191:
1089:
603:
496:
307:
256:
215:
207:
17:
378:
1780:
von Hohenzollern, Wilhelm (The German Emperor and King of Prussia) (1919-11-11).
2869:
2583:
2418:
2367:
1846:: 21 vols., Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1928–1935; vol. 4 "Chi–Dob" (1929), p. 648.
1328:
1031:
Greater coat of arms of the German Emperor: imperial coat of arms of His Majesty
958:
947:
use varying forms of the black eagle as part of their coat of arms, such as the
527:
521:
451:
1315:. After 1935 the Nazis introduced their party symbol as the national insignia (
1055:
Provisional coat of arms of the German Empire at the Proclamation of Versailles
3078:
2699:
1564:
1449:
1302:
549:
357:
2689:
2337:
798:
386:
327:
248:
in 1433. The single-headed Prussian Eagle (on a white background; blazoned:
199:). It is one of the oldest coats of arms in the world, and today the oldest
2077:
1885:– Wissenschaftliche Dienste (ed.), No. 83/08 (12 December 2008), p. 2.
1842:
Cf. Reichswappen as depicted in the table: "Deutsches Reich: Wappen I" in:
555:
By the 13th century the imperial coat of arms was generally recognized as:
3244:
2066:
2054:
2042:
1251:
52:
1903:
Regulation concerning the national emblem of the reich of 5 November 1935
1306:
910:
1933:
Verordnung über die Gestaltung Hoheitszeichen des Reichs vom 7.März 1936
526:) originates from a proto-heraldic emblem believed to have been used by
2968:
2388:
2332:
2254:
1931:
1896:
1813:
419:
136:
with a red beak, a red tongue and red feet on a golden field, which is
129:
116:
76:
71:
1712:
Announcement concerning the federal coat of arms and the federal eagle
1203:
885:
was established without Austria and the four southern German states (
471:
137:
2223:
1787:. Berlin. pp. Reichsgesetzblatt 1871. Nr. 681 Pg. 318 and 458.
2327:
2004:
Wappen und Flaggen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und ihrer Länder
1898:
Verordnung über das Hoheitszeichen des Reichs vom 5. November 1935
1749:
the German Confederation, The Federal Assembly of (9 March 1948).
1321:
1150:
1088:
749:
698:
495:
263:
eagle as its symbol in 1950. Since then, it has been known as the
119:
813:
decision about its use according to the lecture of the committee.
535:
463:
318:
236:
of 1871–1918 had re-introduced the medieval coat of arms of the
3248:
2227:
2081:
1895:
Hitler, Adolf; Frick, Wilhelm; Heß, Rudolf (5 November 1935).
1707:
Bekanntmachung betreffend das Bundeswappen und den Bundesadler
1662:
Bekanntmachung betreffend das Bundeswappen und den Bundesadler
1079:
Small or 'lesser' coat of arms of the German Empire, 1889–1918
1067:
Small or 'lesser' coat of arms of the German Empire, 1871–1889
142:
Or, an eagle displayed sable beaked langued and membered gules
2348:
Chronology of warfare between the Romans and Germanic peoples
1674:
Bekanntmachung über die farbige Darstellung des Bundeswappens
901:
with only its southern half) and under the leadership of the
804:
The coat of arms itself was the result of a decision of the
1930:
Hitler, Adolf; Frick, Wilhelm; Heß, Rudolf (7 March 1936).
1844:
Der Große Brockhaus: Handbuch des Wissens in zwanzig Bänden
1877:
Jana Leichsenring, "Staatssymbole: Der Bundesadler", in:
1812:
Ebert, Friedrich; Koch-Weser, Erich (11 November 1919).
1305:
used a stylised black eagle above an oak wreath, with a
334:("Fat Hen"), with a similar representation found on the
501:
Or, an eagle displayed sable, beaked and membered gules
1546:
1466:
Variant emblem of the German Reich for a German Army (
1430:
1264:
824:
Coats of arms in the times of the German Confederation
715:
Römischer Kayserlicher und Königlicher Mayestät Wappen
644:
Coat of Arms of the Holy Roman Emperor (c.1300-c.1400)
557:
Or, an eagle displayed sable beaked and membered gules
384:
61:) used on the German state flag and military standards
1352:
The national emblems of the Wehrmacht remain intact.
1622:
Origin of the coats of arms of German federal states
1510:
in 1990. In 1959 the insignia was also added to the
3653:
3605:
3567:
3282:
3059:
2930:
2804:
2676:
2603:
2566:
2545:
2427:
2381:
2305:
2274:
2265:
1973:(in German) (Reprint Cologne ed.), Stuttgart,
1519:
1389:
1230:
918:
343:
229:(1887–1967) and was originally introduced in 1928.
100:
82:
70:
45:
31:
996:The coats of arms of the German Empire (1871–1918)
586:). In 1433 the double-headed eagle was adopted by
1231:Coats of arms of the Weimar Republic (1919–1933)
1319:) as well. This version symbolises the country (
330:, the German parliament; it is sometimes called
1873:
1871:
1869:
1374:
1340:
1176:
982:of Hohenzollern ("quarterly argent and sable"))
973:
919:Coat of arms of the North German Confederation
810:
621:Usual depiction of arms of Holy Roman Emperor (
310:, the Federal Eagle has been the symbol of the
289:
218:in 1950. The current official design is due to
1523:
1393:
1234:
1136:upheld the tradition and continued to use the
922:
3260:
2239:
2093:
2006:(in German) (5th revised ed.), Cologne,
2002:Laitenberger, Birgit; Bassier, Maria (2000),
1301:used the Weimar coat of arms until 1935. The
214:(in use 1919–1935), which was adopted by the
8:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1440:
1326:
1118:
1112:
1102:
956:
913:holding cudgels and standing on a pedestal.
774:used a seal which carried the emblem of the
718:
657:
519:
167:
146:
2358:Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16)
1520:Insignia of the German Democratic Republic
667:
572:
3267:
3253:
3245:
2936:
2810:
2682:
2609:
2271:
2246:
2232:
2224:
2100:
2086:
2078:
2025:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1992:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1950:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1915:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1863:(ed.), pp. 495–509, here p. 501.
1828:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1797:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1765:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1724:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
662:as a double-headed eagle (coat of arms of
51:
37:
1043:Middle coat of arms of the German Emperor
1007:Lesser coat of arms of the German Emperor
1855:Jürgen Hartmann, "Der Bundesadler", in:
1516:
1486:
1386:
1227:
938:
915:
538:in 800, and derived ultimately from the
340:
1653:
1633:
1491:Proposed coat of arms of the DDR (1949)
994:
822:
608:
2018:
1985:
1943:
1908:
1821:
1790:
1758:
1717:
1617:Coats of arms of the Holy Roman Empire
610:Coats of arms of the Holy Roman Empire
592:Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation
492:Coats of arms of the Holy Roman Empire
28:
737:Coat of arms from 1804 to 1806 under
176:
7:
2072:Coats of arms of Holy Roman Emperors
1857:Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte
1498:(German Democratic Republic) used a
1390:Insignia of Nazi Germany (1933–45)
1372:Hitler added on 7 March 1936 that:
1333:. It can be distinguished from the
602:bore the old Imperial arms with an
530:, the first Frankish ruler crowned
1432:Coat of arms of the German Reich (
1273:Coat of arms of the German Reich (
1266:Coat of arms of the German Reich (
1206:for government vehicles. In 1920,
1194:'s earlier design then became the
1127:of 1849, which was decided by the
344:Variants employed by institutions
302:Since the accession (1990) of the
25:
3666:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
458:, as displayed previously in the
2212:
2065:
2053:
2041:
1612:Coats of arms of German colonies
1581:
1567:
1554:Emblem of East Germany, 1955–90
1551:Emblem of East Germany, 1953–55
1548:Emblem of East Germany, 1950–53
1539:
1532:
1525:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1072:
1060:
1048:
1036:
1024:
1012:
1000:
924:
860:
844:
828:
789:coat of arms was adopted by the
730:
706:
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1325:) and was therefore called the
1134:Principality of Waldeck-Pyrmont
206:It is a re-introduction of the
32:Federal coat of arms of Germany
2435:Early modern period, 1500–1800
2323:List of early Germanic peoples
1202:) with restricted use such as
1:
2558:History of Germany since 1990
1459:Variant emblem of the NSDAP (
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588:Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
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1969:Ströhl, Hugo Gerard (1897),
1439:Emblem of the German Reich (
1170: and Interior Minister
509:Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
407:Federal Constitutional Court
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1101:(1918–1933), retained the
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466:(m.) and presently in the
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1683:№ 169, 2 September 1952.
1125:Paulskirche Constitution
980:inescutcheon of pretence
943:Many of the traditional
604:inescutcheon of pretence
178:[ˈʁaɪ̯çsˌʔaːdlɐ]
3276:Coats of arms of Europe
1607:Coat of arms of Prussia
1602:Coat of arms of Austria
907:Coat of arms of Prussia
713:Imperial coat of arms (
656:First depiction of the
598:(reigned 1438–39), the
3697:National coats of arms
3325:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2878:Science and technology
2579:History of Brandenburg
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2179:Rhineland-Palatinate
2074:at Wikimedia Commons
2062:at Wikimedia Commons
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1971:Deutsche Wappenrolle
1512:flag of East Germany
1502:from 1950 until its
1144:in German (English:
945:German Student Corps
867:Coat of arms of the
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693:Coat of arms of the
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128:The coat of arms of
86:20 January 1950
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2823:Automobile industry
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2343:History of the Huns
1883:Deutscher Bundestag
1704:(20 January 1950),
1671:I 1950, p. 26, and
1597:Armorial of Germany
561:double-headed eagle
242:double-headed eagle
238:Holy Roman Emperors
18:German coat of arms
2893:Telecommunications
2574:History of Prussia
2490:Revolution of 1918
2485:War guilt question
2404:Carolingian Empire
2373:Sack of Rome (410)
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1500:socialist insignia
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701:(1540s manuscript)
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3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3046:Social issues
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2974:Ethnic groups
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2866:
2863:
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2853:
2851:
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2838:
2834:
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2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
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2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2553:Reunification
2551:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:German Empire
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2249:
2244:
2242:
2237:
2235:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2215:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2194:Saxony-Anhalt
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2118:German states
2114:
2110:
2103:
2098:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2073:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2028:
2022:
2015:
2013:3-452-24262-5
2009:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1989:
1982:
1980:3-89836-545-X
1976:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1953:
1947:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1926:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1831:
1825:
1817:
1816:
1808:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1786:
1785:
1776:
1773:
1768:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1745:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1647:
1637:
1634:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1579:
1576:
1565:
1560:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1504:reunification
1501:
1497:
1489:
1484:
1476:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1388:
1378:
1373:
1363:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1164:charge animal
1159:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1091:
1084:
1075:
1070:
1063:
1058:
1051:
1046:
1039:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1015:
1010:
1003:
998:
995:
985:
983:
981:
972:
970:
969:German Empire
966:
965:German Empire
961:
960:
950:
946:
941:
935:German Empire
934:
927:
923:
917:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
881:In 1867, the
876:
870:
869:German Empire
863:
858:
854:
847:
842:
838:
831:
826:
823:
814:
809:
807:
802:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
779:
777:
773:
770:) meeting at
769:
765:
761:
752:
745:
740:
733:
728:
723:
722:
716:
709:
704:
700:
696:
689:
684:
672:
671:
665:
660:
652:
647:
640:
635:
617:
612:
609:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
577:
576:
570:
566:
562:
558:
553:
551:
547:
543:
542:
537:
533:
529:
524:
523:
517:
510:
506:
502:
498:
493:
485:
480:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
439:
430:
421:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
380:
373:
366:
359:
352:
342:
339:
337:
333:
329:
324:
320:
315:
313:
309:
305:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
271:, Chancellor
270:
269:Theodor Heuss
266:
262:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:German Empire
230:
226:
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
202:
189:, German for
185:
179:
170:
161:Federal Eagle
155:
151:
149:
143:
139:
135:
131:
122:
121:
118:
114:
110:
105:
103:
99:
85:
81:
78:
75:
73:
69:
65:
60:
54:
49:
44:
40:
35:
30:
27:
19:
3597:Transnistria
3559:Vatican City
3374:
3220:Bibliography
3094:Coat of arms
3093:
3074:Architecture
3051:Trade unions
3031:Prostitution
2991:Homelessness
2954:Demographics
2903:Trade unions
2870:
2860:German model
2833:Central bank
2777:Conservatism
2740:Human rights
2725:Court system
2720:Constitution
2700:
2546:Contemporary
2535:West Germany
2530:East Germany
2505:World War II
2500:Nazi Germany
2440:18th-century
2399:East Francia
2353:Cimbrian War
2164:Lower Saxony
2108:
2003:
1970:
1937:
1932:
1925:
1902:
1897:
1890:
1878:
1856:
1851:
1843:
1838:
1814:
1807:
1782:
1775:
1755:. Frankfurt.
1751:
1744:
1734:
1711:
1706:
1688:
1656:
1636:
1508:West Germany
1496:East Germany
1494:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1434:Reichswappen
1433:
1375:
1371:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1341:
1334:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1299:Nazi Germany
1297:
1294:Nazi Germany
1282:Reichsschild
1281:
1275:Reichswappen
1274:
1268:Reichswappen
1267:
1219:Staatssiegel
1218:
1196:Reichsschild
1195:
1192:Emil Doepler
1188:
1177:
1160:
1110:
1096:
977:
974:
954:
880:
811:
803:
786:
780:
767:
763:
757:
714:
569:Frederick II
556:
554:
539:
513:
500:
331:
316:
301:
290:
264:
259:adopted the
254:
249:
231:
208:coat of arms
205:
145:
141:
127:
106:
59:Bundesschild
58:
26:
3635:Isle of Man
3570:recognition
3517:Switzerland
3452:Netherlands
3021:Pornography
2996:Immigration
2959:Drug policy
2871:Mittelstand
2818:Agriculture
2782:Nationalism
2755:Transgender
2639:Earthquakes
2586:, 1583-1588
2584:Cologne War
2480:World War I
2382:Middle Ages
2368:Gothic Wars
2144:Brandenburg
2060:Reichsadler
2048:Bundesadler
1714:], Bonn
1461:Parteiadler
1454:Parteiadler
1445:), 1935–45
1442:Reichsadler
1436:), 1933–35
1335:Parteiadler
1329:Reichsadler
1312:Parteiadler
1277:), 1928–35
1270:), 1919–28
1217:designed a
1211: [
1120:Reichsadler
1114:Reichsadler
1104:Reichsadler
978:(i.e. with
959:Reichsadler
891:Württemberg
871:, 1848–1849
855:, 1815–1866
839:, 1804–1867
781:During the
758:In 1815, a
679: 1250
659:Reichsadler
630: 1300
626: 1200
584: 1250
528:Charlemagne
522:Reichsadler
514:The German
452:Ludwig Gies
332:Fette Henne
265:Bundesadler
223: [
169:Reichsadler
148:Bundesadler
3681:Categories
3487:San Marino
3447:Montenegro
3427:Luxembourg
3407:Kazakhstan
3310:Azerbaijan
3182:Television
3167:Philosophy
3142:Literature
3001:Irreligion
2986:Healthcare
2949:Corruption
2715:Chancellor
2704:(military)
2701:Bundeswehr
1648:References
1303:Nazi Party
1200:escutcheon
739:Francis II
628: – c.
565:attributed
550:Roman army
505:attributed
490:See also:
111:displayed
93:1950-01-20
3625:Gibraltar
3422:Lithuania
3137:Libraries
3117:Festivals
2964:Education
2908:Transport
2873:companies
2792:President
2730:Elections
2695:Bundesrat
2690:Bundestag
2659:Mountains
2627:Districts
2605:Geography
2338:Visigoths
2275:Overviews
2204:Thuringia
1946:cite book
1911:cite book
1824:cite book
1818:. Berlin.
1793:cite book
1761:cite book
1470:) helmet
1360:Article 4
1355:Article 3
1350:Article 2
1345:Article 1
1198:(Reich's
799:Frankfurt
768:Bundestag
697:with two
666:from the
596:Albert II
548:, of the
397:President
392:Bundesrat
387:Bundestag
328:Bundestag
314:Germany.
312:reunified
57:Version (
3645:Svalbard
3630:Guernsey
3577:Abkhazia
3547:Scotland
3502:Slovenia
3497:Slovakia
3472:Portugal
3330:Bulgaria
3229:Category
3147:Internet
3132:Language
3122:Folklore
3041:Religion
3016:Pensions
3011:Naturism
2888:Taxation
2772:Lobbying
2745:Intersex
2678:Politics
2287:Timeline
2266:General
2259:articles
2184:Saarland
2021:citation
1988:citation
1739:133–134.
1720:citation
1561:See also
1380:—
1365:—
1307:swastika
1182:—
990:standard
987:—
911:wild men
816:—
785:, a new
600:Emperors
319:standard
295:—
138:blazoned
46:Versions
3537:England
3527:Ukraine
3477:Romania
3437:Moldova
3395:Ireland
3390:Iceland
3385:Hungary
3375:Germany
3370:Georgia
3360:Finland
3355:Estonia
3350:Denmark
3335:Croatia
3320:Belgium
3315:Belarus
3305:Austria
3300:Armenia
3295:Andorra
3290:Albania
3206:Outline
3112:Fashion
3099:Cuisine
3061:Culture
3026:Poverty
2969:Germans
2932:Society
2913:Welfare
2898:Tourism
2855:Exports
2828:Banking
2806:Economy
2710:Cabinet
2649:Islands
2644:Geology
2567:Regions
2333:Teutons
2306:Ancient
2268:History
2255:Germany
2154:Hamburg
2134:Bavaria
1204:pennant
1140:called
887:Bavaria
717:) from
664:Otto IV
571:in the
534:by the
402:Cabinet
321:of the
210:of the
174:German:
130:Germany
117:langued
107:Or, an
91: (
83:Adopted
72:Armiger
3640:Jersey
3582:Kosovo
3522:Turkey
3512:Sweden
3492:Serbia
3482:Russia
3467:Poland
3462:Norway
3442:Monaco
3412:Latvia
3380:Greece
3365:France
3340:Cyprus
3234:Portal
3089:Cinema
3069:Anthem
3036:Racism
2850:Energy
2664:Rivers
2622:States
2592:, 1848
2428:Modern
2257:
2189:Saxony
2149:Bremen
2139:Berlin
2010:
1977:
725:(1605)
541:Aquila
472:Berlin
456:charge
304:states
261:Weimar
154:German
102:Shield
3615:Åland
3552:Wales
3507:Spain
3432:Malta
3402:Italy
3213:Index
3177:Sport
3162:Names
3157:Music
3152:Media
3107:Dance
2979:Women
2944:Crime
2918:Women
2654:Lakes
2328:Goths
2159:Hesse
1936:[
1901:[
1710:[
1628:Notes
1506:with
1450:NSDAP
1322:Reich
1215:]
1162:same
1147:Black
955:The
905:(see
895:Baden
787:Reich
699:putti
227:]
134:eagle
120:gules
113:sable
109:eagle
3127:Flag
3084:Arts
2750:LGBT
2027:link
2008:ISBN
1994:link
1975:ISBN
1952:link
1917:link
1830:link
1799:link
1767:link
1726:link
1468:Heer
1280:The
764:Bund
536:Pope
464:Bonn
255:The
232:The
156:for
3079:Art
2762:Law
1158:).
1151:Red
797:in
563:is
544:or
470:in
462:in
3683::
2023:}}
2019:{{
1990:}}
1986:{{
1948:}}
1944:{{
1913:}}
1909:{{
1881:,
1868:^
1826:}}
1822:{{
1795:}}
1791:{{
1763:}}
1759:{{
1722:}}
1718:{{
1700:;
1696:;
1514:.
1463:)
1456:)
1213:de
1174::
1155:Or
897:,
893:,
889:,
808::
681:)
676:c.
674:,
623:c.
581:c.
552:.
503:,
225:de
140::
3268:e
3261:t
3254:v
2247:e
2240:t
2233:v
2101:e
2094:t
2087:v
2031:.
2029:)
1998:.
1996:)
1954:)
1919:)
1832:)
1801:)
1769:)
1728:)
1452:(
1153:-
1149:-
951:.
762:(
632:)
579:(
518:(
197:'
191:'
172:(
164:'
158:'
152:(
95:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
