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The trunk can be fluted or flanged. The outer bark is grey and smooth, with minor corky markings. The trunk and buttresses are shaped in even curves. The leaves are alternate and toothed, heart-shaped and very large in positions of shade, exceeding 30 cm in length and a similar width. The sun
367:
All aerial parts of the tree have stinging hairs, and can cause a severe reaction on contact with skin, so it is a hazard to livestock, travelers and campers. However, the tree is an important member of the ecosystems of eastern
Australian forests. The sting is considered more severe than
388:, similar to toxins found in spiders and cone snails, and not previously seen in plants. It was postulated that the long-term pain from the gympietides may be due to permanent changes in the sodium channels in sensory neurons.
351:. The fruit is a purple or blackish nut, maturing from March to August. The flesh is edible, but the danger of stinging hairs precludes human consumption. The fruit is eaten by many rainforest birds, including the
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The venom binds to and fires pain receptors in the nervous system; there are hopes that understanding how these proteins work could lead to the creation of new painkillers.
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rainforest, particularly in disturbed areas, previously flattened by storms or cyclones. It is well known for its extremely painful, long-lasting sting.
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is a medium to large-sized tree with a buttressed base, sometimes over 40 metres tall and in excess of 6 metres wide at the base. The
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spp.) in northern
Australian upland tropical rainforest: implications for herbivores. Australian Journal of Botany, 48:191-201.
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Minor stings can last for an hour or two. However, severe stinging can last for months. First aid for the sting is to apply
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and other rainforest walks in eastern
Australia. The habitat of the giant stinging tree is subtropical, warm temperate or
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leaves are smaller. The leaves, which are covered in stinging hairs, are eaten by various insects such as the
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It was found that even heavy welding gloves did not protect researchers from stings while studying the tree.
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553:"Plantwatch: Australia's giant stinging trees – 35m tall with a poison that can last for months"
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stings have been known to kill dogs and horses that have brushed against them.
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Hurley M (2000) Foliage
Attributes and Growth Dynamics of Stinging Trees (
474:"Neurotoxic peptides from the venom of the giant Australian stinging tree"
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348:
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301: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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526:"Native stinging tree toxins match the pain of spiders and scorpions"
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Leaf surface of giant stinging tree showing the stinging hairs.
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Flowers appear from
November to April, forming in short
374:(shining-leaved stinging tree), but not as severe as
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Rainforest Trees of
Mainland Southeastern Australia
406:and then yank them off to remove the trees' hairs.
8:
609:"Gympie Gympie: Once stung, never forgotten"
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631:
42:
31:
436:growing beneath a giant stinging tree at
317:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Species of plant in the family Urticaceae
424:used the fibres to make nets and lines.
462:. Melbourne: Inkata Press. p. 402.
450:
7:
500:"Why 'venomous' plant hurts so much"
380:(gympie stinger). The tree delivers
336:is up to 4.3 m (14.1 ft).
299:adding citations to reliable sources
53:Gumbaynggirr State Conservation Area
25:
384:proteins which researchers named
936:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857001-1
817:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851442-1
551:Simons, Paul (20 October 2020).
275:
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286:needs additional citations for
1:
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371:Dendrocnide photiniphylla
188:
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61:Scientific classification
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41:
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990:Flora of New South Wales
530:University of Queensland
255:, and is very common at
217:, commonly known as the
404:wax hair-removal strips
245:Tathra, New South Wales
589:. www.bio.davidson.edu
441:
422:Indigenous Australians
396:
613:Australian Geographic
438:Dorrigo National Park
433:Alocasia brisbanensis
430:
394:
344:beetle, and mammals.
257:Dorrigo National Park
1000:Rosales of Australia
458:Floyd, A.G. (1989).
377:Dendrocnide moroides
295:improve this article
995:Flora of Queensland
713:Dendrocnide excelsa
645:Dendrocnide excelsa
532:. 17 September 2020
506:. 16 September 2020
480:. 16 September 2020
330:Dendrocnide excelsa
219:giant stinging tree
214:Dendrocnide excelsa
192:Dendrocnide excelsa
36:Dendrocnide excelsa
18:Giant Stinging Tree
1005:Trees of Australia
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225:, is a rainforest
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786:Open Tree of Life
637:Taxon identifiers
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243:. It occurs from
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615:. 16 June 2009
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619:20 September
617:. Retrieved
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591:. Retrieved
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557:The Guardian
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536:22 September
534:. Retrieved
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510:20 September
508:. Retrieved
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293:Please help
288:verification
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985:Dendrocnide
804:kew-2760683
734:iNaturalist
574:Dendrocnide
408:Dendrocnide
386:gympietides
342:chrysomelid
267:Description
239:to eastern
161:Dendrocnide
104:Angiosperms
979:Categories
799:Plant List
484:20 October
445:References
382:neurotoxin
307:April 2023
253:Queensland
232:Urticaceae
150:Urticaceae
870:Q40029886
765:192216224
504:NewsComAu
241:Australia
235:which is
223:fibrewood
168:Species:
74:Kingdom:
949:50218603
944:Tropicos
923:857001-1
864:Wikidata
830:50218604
825:Tropicos
752:851442-1
660:Q5256738
654:Wikidata
355:and the
349:panicles
261:littoral
146:Family:
117:Eudicots
910:4099375
726:4098881
593:11 June
237:endemic
156:Genus:
140:Rosales
136:Order:
78:Plantae
884:105066
791:832087
778:647263
739:129501
687:571148
130:Rosids
55:, NSW
897:7DSSM
708:FoAO2
700:34PNC
674:86912
440:, NSW
363:Sting
249:Imbil
200:Wedd.
124:Clade
111:Clade
98:Clade
85:Clade
931:POWO
918:IPNI
905:GBIF
879:APNI
812:POWO
773:NCBI
760:IUCN
747:IPNI
721:GBIF
682:BOLD
669:APNI
621:2020
595:2010
538:2020
512:2020
486:2020
417:Uses
227:tree
204:Chew
957:WFO
892:CoL
838:WFO
695:CoL
334:DBH
297:by
247:to
221:or
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565:^
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