206:) in 1897 of his sister Stefania. He was very close to his mother, a strong personality who influenced him a great deal, especially because his father was rather cold and detached. Although much of the paternal family fortune was lost even before his father's time, and another large portion was tied up in lengthy litigation, they still owned the grand Palazzo Lampedusa in Palermo, which they shared with his paternal grandparents, three bachelor uncles, and a number of servants. This was the main residence of his childhood, although he spent summers and some other periods at the
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363:(Stomersee) in 1927. They met again in Rome in 1930, Stomersee in 1931, and she visited him at Easter 1932 in Palermo. Since 1918, and throughout this period, she remained married to AndrĂŠ Pilar, an Estonian baron. Pilar was homosexual, and the terms of the marriage are unclear; Pilar, Licy, and Tomasi all remained close even after the prior couple divorced and Licy married Tomasi. (For that matter, it is not clear whether Tomasi's marriage with Licy had a sexual component, either.)
444:, with whom he developed such a close relationship that in 1956 he legally adopted him. Their conversations soon turned into an intensive series of classes taught by Tomasi. He taught Orlando English, which Orlando appears to have picked up remarkably rapidly, and then began a series of classes on European literature. Tomasi's notes for these classes were the most extensive piece of writing he ever did; they included a 1000-page critical history of English literature from
304:, he had mastered Italian, French, and German as a child, and English shortly thereafter. Late in life, he would add Spanish, and he also learned some Russian along the way. He read extensively in all of these languages, as well as reading Russian literature in translation. Primarily he read literature and history, though he also read books about art and architecture. His tastes were broad and his reading extensive: he had read all of
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number 28 Via Butera, a well-architected older house, even a "palace," but in what was by then a slum district. In the immediate post-war years, Licy had her psychoanalytic patients, and was by this time vice president of the
Italian Society of Psychoanalysts, which meant she spent a good deal of time in Rome. For about two years beginning in late 1944, Tomasi served as president of the Palermo provincial committee of the
968:. Despite his admiration for Leopardi, he saw Italy in general as anti-literary, wanting from a book either that it be "exciting and thoughtless" or so boring that its purchase constituted a performative sacrifice. He lamented the lack of humour in most Italian literature, and felt that many Italian writers were either narrow and provincial or wrote about places and things they knew only superficially.
222:. The palace in Santa Marghereta had an excellent library, from which Tomasi soon read voraciously. The palace at Santa Margherita had a small theatre. For two weeks every summer a troupe of traveling players rented the theatre for a nominal fee and put on a different play every night for two weeks. Tomasi saw many performances there; years later he particularly recalled seeing his first performance of
879:. He listened to a fair amount of music, both in live performance and recordings, but never had anything like the interest in music he had for the written word or theatre, and often criticized how Italian operas that were adapted from plays "deformed" the works by oversimplification. Not that he demanded that all literature be deep and difficult. Although his course on English literature included
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He then returned to writing the novel. Initially, few people around him were aware of any of this: the large amounts of time he spent alone were now spent at his writing desk. He did finally show the work in progress to most of his close associates in early 1956. For the brief remainder of his life he would alternate between expanding and revising the novel and working on various shorter works.
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158:. A taciturn, solitary, shy, and somewhat misanthropic aristocrat, he opened up only with a few close friends, and spent a great deal of his time reading and meditating. He said of himself as a child, "I was a boy who liked solitude, who preferred the company of things to that of people", and in 1954 wrote, "Of my sixteen hours of daily wakefulness, at least ten are spent in solitude."
382:. They first lived with Tomasi's mother in Palermo, but the incompatibility between the two women soon drove Licy back to Latvia. Through the rest of the 1930s, he lived largely in Palermo and she variously in Riga or Stomersee; typically she made an annual winter visit to Palermo and he made a summer visit to the Baltic. Licy began practising as a psychoanalyst in 1936.
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for the causes of
Sicilian "irredeemability," the novel spreads the blame widely. The Savoyard Piedmontese are presented as naive about the South, full of plans that will never match the reality of the region, while the book's main representative of the old Bourbon regime, Don Fabrizio's brother-in-law MĂ lvica, is a fool. In his biography of Tomasi,
433:; he resigned in March 1947, unable to cope with the "dark intrigues" (his words) that interfered with so many projects in Sicily. On the whole, this was a dark period for Tomasi, lightened somewhat by his continuing visits to his Piccolo cousins in Capo d'Orlando, where his cousin Lucio remained his closest intellectual friend.
617:) follows the family of its title character, the Sicilian nobleman Don Fabrizio Corbera, Prince of Salina, through the events of the Risorgimento. Perhaps the most memorable line in the book is spoken by Don Fabrizio's nephew, Tancredi, urging unsuccessfully that Don Fabrizio abandon his allegiance to the disintegrating
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says, âIf we want things to stay as they are, things will have to change,â there is no reason to believe that he is speaking for the author. Tomasi's pessimism about Sicily, and his regret over what he sees as his homeland's corruption and "irredeemability" is tempered by a sense of its grandeur. As
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By June 1955 he had completed a version of the first chapter, conforming to his original intent of a story set in a single 24-hour period in 1860. He then digressed to write the first chapter of a projected autobiography; this chapter was published posthumously as "The Places of My Early
Childhood."
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Little is known of Tomasi's relations with women before his marriage. He was engaged at least twice—once to an
English girl, once to an Italian girl—but even the names of these fiancĂŠes are unknown, as are the names of his friends and associates in England, including a Scottish girl with
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After being mustered out of the army in
February 1920 as a lieutenant, he returned to Sicily, where he spent several months in a state of nervous exhaustion. After a few brief attempts at resuming his formal studies, he entered a relatively peripatetic stage of his life. Finding post-War Sicily much
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as a figure comparable to
Shakespeare for his ideas, even if expressed very differently: perceptive, compassionate, sceptical, irreligious but understanding of others' religious feelings, persistent in "dismantling the human psyche." He considered the fact that Montaigne's writings had been roundly
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on 24 August 1932. Tomasi had kept his marriage plans entirely secret from his family and even on his wedding day sent them letters saying only that he had "decided to marry" Licy, not that he had done so; it took about a month for him to come clean. At the time of their marriage Licy was a student
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as the epitome of
Englishness. He generally rejected elaborate critical apparatus and theory, but was very interested in comparing and contrasting writers, or looking into why particular works were more appreciated in one time or place than another, or how writers in different eras had handled the
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At first, his education was a bit erratic: on his eighth birthday, he had already learned conversational French but had not yet learned to read or write even his native language. Beginning in the summer of his eighth year he studied in the two family palaces with a tutor (including the subjects of
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in Milan. That summer he wrote two more chapters and in
October he sent these to Mondadori as well. Mondadori rejected the novel in December 1956, although their rejection left open the possibility of considering a future version of the same work. In early 1957 he wrote two more chapters, revised
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bombing. Although some of Tomasi's writing suggests that the destruction was total, they were able to salvage much of the furniture and nearly all of Tomasi's extensive library. Enough remained of the building that Tomasi's mother lived out the last year of her life in the remnant, dying in 1946.
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In
Palermo, Tomasi and Licy first rented a furnished apartment in an old, poorer quarter of Palermo. After a little less than two years, he gave up any serious hope of restoring the Palazzo Lampedusa, though the loss weighed on him till the end of his life; he then purchased the nearby house at
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ultimately demanded his resignation. Tomasi made numerous long visits to London during his uncle's tenure as ambassador, travelling a good deal within the UK and in France on the way there and back. It was also through his uncle that Tomasi would meet his future wife. Pietro was married to
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same themes. And he was not afraid to make judgements. Much though he loved
Shakespeare, he found roughly eighty of his sonnets quite weak (and some of those absolutely "worthless"); at the other extreme he found forty of them "among the finest things in world literature." He considered
452:, including an effort to place the various writers in their historical-political contexts. This was followed by a less formal course on French literature and some less formal studies (Goethe, Spanish literature, Sicilian history) with individual members of the group.
792:, though he never particularly threw in his lot with them and was away from Italy more during the fascist era than at any other time. In the 1950s, he referred to one of Mussolini's works as an "encyclopaedia of ignorance and conceit." He was sympathetic to the
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was quickly recognized as a great work of Italian literature. It was published in November 1958, and became a bestseller, going through 52 editions in less than six months. In 1959 Tomasi di Lampedusa was posthumously awarded the prestigious
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He was briefly called back to arms in 1940, but, as the owner of a hereditary agricultural estate, was soon sent home to take care of its affairs. He served again very briefly in January 1942, but was sent home because of
253:, though it is not clear that he actually ever attended. He definitely attended law classes in Rome in early 1915. However that year he was drafted into the army. He served first in the artillery (where he became a
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vehemently disagreed, seeing it as a "merciless" criticism of that class; many among the surviving Sicilian nobility certainly saw it as such, and were scandalized that one of their own could write such a thing.
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Tomasi read broadly in English, French, German, Italian, and later Spanish and (to a lesser extent) Russian. He owned 1100 books on French history, including keeping up to date on the then-current work of
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During his life, the novel was rejected by the two publishers to whom Tomasi submitted it. The published novel would eventually have eight chapters; in May 1956, he sent a four-chapter typescript to
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may be a reference to a wildcat that was hunted to extinction in Italy in the mid-19th century â just as Don Fabrizio was dryly contemplating the indolence and decline of the Sicilian aristocracy.
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828:âŚ," describing the failure of the revolutionaries to truly ally with the peasants, "âŚand the Bourbons," describing a unified Italy's substitution of even worse elements into the island's elite.
629:: "Unless we ourselves take a hand now, they'll foist a republic on us. If we want things to stay as they are, things will have to change", an approach to politics that has become known as the
593:. He also wrote, but made no attempt to publish, several other short pieces about literature. He took photographs when he travelled, but none of them rose above the level of tourist snapshots.
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While his formal education may have been erratic, Tomasi was a strong, self-driven reader, and had a great facility with languages. Besides a basic knowledge of Latin and Greek obtained in the
417:, but again his mother and Licy failed to get along; when the war ended for Italy, the couple headed for Palermo while his mother first remained in Ficarra, then went back to Capo d'Orlando.
508:, leaving the author anonymous. Another recipient, bookseller and publisher Fausto Flaccovio, liked the book but was not in the business of publishing fiction; he suggested sending it to
239:, was murdered by her lover Baron Vincenzo Paternò del Cugno. The resulting scandal led the family to spend the summer in Tuscany and the autumn in Rome. That autumn, Tomasi attended the
633:. The point-of-view character, Don Fabrizio, explicitly rejects this view, and despite the name "di Lampedusa strategy" there is little reason to think the author himself endorsed it.
920:, fell more into the latter category. He liked English humour (including the use of humour in otherwise serious works), especially self-deprecating humour and understatement, and saw
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disliked by Napoleon, Hitler, and Mussolini to be entirely in Montaigne's favour (although he conjectured that the latter two hadn't actually bothered to read him). He also loved
413:, first with his Piccolo cousins and then in a place of their own; Licy had fled the Baltic to escape the heavy fighting there, initially settling in Rome. They were reunited in
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Eventually, the copy sent to Croce bore fruit, but not in Tomasi's lifetime. In 1957 Tomasi di Lampedusa was diagnosed with lung cancer; he died on 23 July in Rome. Following a
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In the mid-1950s he wrote extensive notes (not originally intended for publication) on European literature, including a 1000-page critical history of English literature from
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to attend a literary conference; Piccolo had been invited on the basis of his recently published poetry and brought Tomasi as a guest. Also attending were, among others,
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In June 1934 Tomasi di Lampedusa's father died, and he inherited his princely title. According to his widow, shortly after this he first conceived his future novel
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1005:, directed by Luigi Falorni, was screened. A journey to discover the life of the last Prince of Lampedusa told by the voices and testimonies of loved ones.
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957:—were the two strongest contenders for being the best novel in any language; he was especially impressed by how concise Stendhal could be.
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As a reader, in maturity Tomasi came to prefer (in Gilmour's words) "the implicit over the explicit," though he acknowledged that his own novel,
765:. His dissent from the typical views one would expect of a monarchist was even more dramatic in some matters not affecting Sicily: he preferred
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those he had already written, and sent typescripts to several people. With Tomasi's permission, Francesco Orlando sent a copy to literary agent
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729:. His perceptive commentaries on English and other foreign literatures make up a greater part of his works by volume than does his fiction.
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orgoglio di un'isola, pregiudizio di una cultura â Il romanzo di Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa fra caso letterario e revisionismo storico",
512:, unsurprisingly this rather traditional novel did not appeal to modernist Vittorini, who found it "rather old-fashioned" and "essayish".
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Review: Spotting the Leopard â A historical novel about the Sicilian prince who wrote a superb work of fiction about the birth of Italy"
577:(mostly in French, but also with passages in English and Italian; this appears to have been compiled mainly in the 1920s) and a laconic
273:(and was even allowed a visit to the city at one point). As the war approached its end he succeeded in escaping and returning to Italy.
308:'s works before his first visit to the UK in his twenties; he was almost certainly one of the first Italians to plunge seriously into
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in which he often noted where he visited, what films he saw, etc.; in 1926-1927 he published three articles of literary criticism in
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391:. Originally his plan was to have the entire novel occur over the course of one day, similar to the famous modernist novel by
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481:). In 1955 he wrote, "Being mathematically certain that I was no more foolish , I sat down at my desk and wrote a novel."
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as corrupt and ineffective (though he had at least a grudging admiration for British liberals) and initially admired the
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The people closest to Tomasi all survived the war, but the Lampedusa palace in Palermo did not; it was a near-ruin from
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1308:"Murdered Princess Refused Baron Cash; Paterno Wanted $ 4,000 to Pay His Debts—Ill-Treated Her and Then Slew Her"
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he went to the cinema two or three times a week; one of the films he particularly liked during that period was the
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literature and English), with his mother (who taught him French) and with a grandmother who read him the novels of
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Giuseppe Tomasi, 11th Prince of Lampedusa, 12th Duke of Palma, Baron of Montechiaro, Baron of La Torretta, and
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312:; and he read many minor writers, many of whom he found provided a window into particular times and milieux.
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In 1953 he began to spend time with a group of young intellectuals, one of whom was future literary critic
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to be the best writers of the latter genre) and he was a regular filmgoer: even while writing
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in Palermo for roughly three years. In 1914-1915 he was enrolled in the Law Faculty of the
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Tomasi did little public writing before the last few years of his life. He maintained a
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was Italian ambassador to the UK from 1922 to 1927. Although Pietro's own politics were
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Joyce and Eliot were, of course, respectively Irish and American, rather than English.
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1970:"StyleHome The Oldest Money: Inside Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa's Sicilian Palazzo"
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and actively chose not to join that party; he was generally critical of both the
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Submission to the Senate Select Committee on the 'Future of Work and Workers'
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Tomasi's political views are not easily pigeonholed. He was a self-declared
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published a novelized biography of Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa entitled
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Tomasi travelled in 1954 with his cousin, the poet Lucio Piccolo, to
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In March 1911 his mother's younger sister, Princess Julia Trigona, a
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800:, one of his favorite contemporary writers, but also to the English
717:, privately published in 1959, published in book form in 1977); and
1762:"Alessandra Wolff Stomersee Tomasi di Palma, princess of Lampedusa"
839:(who had rejected an earlier draft of the book for his own press),
148:(first published posthumously in 1958), which is set in his native
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baron, by whom she had two daughters Olga, nicknamed Lolette, and
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di Cutò (1870â1946). He was fourth cousin once removed of jeweler
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Sulla parte VI del Gattopardo. La fortuna di Lampedusa in Romania
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Tomasi and Licy first met in London in 1925. He visited her at
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with an audience composed largely of "illiterate labourers."
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Giuseppe Tomasi, 11th Prince of Lampedusa, 12th Duke of Palma
2416:". Senate Select Committee on the Future of Work and Workers
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during the chaotic retreat. He was held in a PoW camp near
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contacted Licy to make arrangements to publish the novel.
471:. Upon returning from this trip that he commenced writing
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The Last Leopard. A life of Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
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The Last Leopard: A life of Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
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less to his taste than pre-War Sicily, he spent time in
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Biography of Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa (1896â1957)
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Writers of historical fiction set in the modern age
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Introduction to sixteenth-century French literature
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1852:"Essay: Lampedusa's 'The Leopard,' fifty years on"
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1766:ASPI - Archivio Storico della psicologia italiana
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824:) "from both sides, from the viewpoints of both
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348:whom he once described himself as "infatuated."
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891:tragedies) and detective novels (he considered
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125:(23 December 1896 â 23 July 1957), known as
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997:On the occasion of the 14th edition of the
688:Tomasi also wrote some lesser-known works:
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2999:(After clicking on link, scroll down page)
2932:, Giuseppe Maimone Editore, Catania, 2001.
1768:(in Italian). University of Milano-Bicocca
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31:
3915:Italian military personnel of World War I
371:Annunciation of Our Most Holy Lady Church
138:), was a Sicilian writer, nobleman, and
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142:. He is most famous for his only novel,
135:[dĘuËzÉppetoËmaËzidilampeËduËza]
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1173:
1157:
1139:
1105:
1072:
847:, among others, condemned the book as "
2905:Libro d'Oro della NobiltĂ Mediterranea
1160:, Genealogical Tree of the Lampedusas)
27:Sicilian writer and prince (1896â1957)
2993:"The Role of Leadership in the Novel
1614:, pp. 60, 64, 69â70, 98â99, 104)
133:
7:
2958:Sicily, Land of the Leopard Princes.
2292:"AristĂłcratas, obreros y escritores"
811:As remarked above, when Tancredi in
636:The title is rendered in English as
585:, a little magazine associated with
210:, his mother's family home in rural
945:that two of Stendhal's works—
1698:"Psychoanalytikerinnen in Italien"
1082:Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia
661:was made into a film, directed by
548:, who brought it to the publisher
25:
3985:20th-century Italian male writers
796:and to English Catholics such as
552:. On 3 March 1958, the publisher
3940:Italian male short story writers
3930:Deaths from lung cancer in Lazio
3021:
3009:
2875:Kolbe, Laura (25 October 2019).
2412:Judith Bessant (2 March 2012), "
1968:McAuley, James (December 2019).
1850:Donadio, Rachel (28 July 2008).
733:Views on politics and literature
521:Basilica del Sacro Cuore di GesĂš
2300:(in Spanish). 6 September 2019.
366:The marriage took place in the
355:With Licy at Stomersee in 1931.
344:(1894â1982), nicknamed "Licy".
3970:20th-century Italian novelists
2230:by Giusi Spica, 23 July 2017,
1723:Alessandra Tomasi di Lampedusa
1117:Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa,
808:was another of his favorites.
727:Letters from London and Europe
1:
3180:Alexandra von Wolff-Stomersee
342:Alexandra von Wolff-Stomersee
111:Alexandra von Wolff-Stomersee
3910:Italian historical novelists
3895:Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
3348:Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
3257:Giovanni Battista Angioletti
3065:Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
3028:Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
3016:Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
932:In French literature he saw
910:20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
317:Pietro Tomasi Della Torretta
127:Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
3091:The Professor and the Siren
2989:on RAI International online
2402:The Internet Movie Database
1725:at psychoanalytikerinnen.de
755:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
753:monarchs who had ruled the
699:The Professor and the Siren
619:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
4006:
3990:Tomasi di Lampedusa family
2588:'s pessimism about Sicily.
1314:. 4 March 1911. p. 4.
1008:In 2019 Canadian novelist
757:and their successors, the
544:had sent it to the writer
212:Santa Margherita di Belice
980:Arms of the Tomasi family
954:The Charterhouse of Parma
784:Tomasi despised Sicilian
743:Monarchist National Party
198:and first cousin of poet
57:
44:
2330:, pp. 132â133, 143)
2026:, pp. 118â122, 133)
1125:), Universale Economica
1084:. Garland. p. 766.
1080:Bernard A. Cook (2001).
1003:Die Geburt des Leoparden
170:to Giulio Maria Tomasi,
3935:Italian Roman Catholics
3122:The Prince's Manuscript
2886:The Wall Street Journal
960:In poetry, he favoured
761:monarchs who ruled the
706:("The Blind Kittens");
640:, but the Italian word
3975:Italian male novelists
3026:Quotations related to
2971:, Lecco, January 1997.
2942:Eland Publishing Ltd.
2935:Gilmour, David (2007)
2928:Margareta Dumitrescu,
1055:. New York: Pantheon.
981:
708:Le lezioni su Stendhal
644:refers to the African
621:and ally himself with
356:
208:Palazzo Filangeri-Cutò
131:Italian pronunciation:
3945:Nobility from Palermo
3722:Melania Gaia Mazzucco
3647:Mariateresa Di Lascia
3173:Di Lampedusa strategy
2901:"TOMASI DI LAMPEDUSA"
2395:Memorable quotes for
2356:, pp. 40, 43â44)
979:
948:The Red and the Black
631:di Lampedusa strategy
354:
336:, who was widow of a
267:Austro-Hungarian Army
18:Giuseppe di Lampedusa
3960:Strega Prize winners
3955:Writers from Palermo
3156:(upcoming TV series)
3018:at Wikimedia Commons
2740:, pp. 122, 139)
2614:, pp. 178, 181)
2261:"A place in the sun"
1024:His full title was:
994:is named after him.
831:Upon publication of
822:Unification of Italy
683:Cannes Film Festival
457:San Pellegrino Terme
321:liberal conservative
176:Palma di Montechiaro
3714:Margaret Mazzantini
3639:Giorgio Montefoschi
3607:Sebastiano Vassalli
3444:Raffaello Brignetti
3300:Massimo Bontempelli
3249:Vincenzo Cardarelli
2997:" (1958, Lampedusa)
2983:, October 22, 1998.
2847:, pp. 120â121)
2834:, pp. 119â120)
2782:, pp. 109â110)
2727:, pp. 116â117)
2705:, pp. 100â101)
2653:, pp. 187â188)
2640:, pp. 183â184)
2601:, pp. 177â178)
2558:, pp. 57, 112)
2472:, pp. 179â184)
2343:, pp. 98, 100)
2171:, pp. 141â142)
2158:, pp. 140â141)
2070:, pp. 129â130)
2044:, pp. 125â126)
1997:, pp. 142â144)
587:Gabriele D'Annunzio
583:Le Opere e i Giorni
528:cemetery of Palermo
263:Battle of Caporetto
251:University of Genoa
172:Prince of Lampedusa
166:Tomasi was born in
140:Prince of Lampedusa
46:Prince of Lampedusa
3794:Alessandro Piperno
3655:Alessandro Barbero
3599:Giuseppe Pontiggia
3420:Alberto Bevilacqua
3364:Raffaele La Capria
3222:Recipients of the
1856:The New York Times
1696:Brigitte NĂślleke.
1252:, pp. 22, 27)
1037:of the first class
999:Rome Film Festival
982:
893:Arthur Conan Doyle
623:Giuseppe Garibaldi
357:
3925:Grandees of Spain
3882:
3881:
3810:Francesco Piccolo
3778:Antonio Pennacchi
3738:Maurizio Maggiani
3706:Domenico Starnone
3591:Gesualdo Bufalino
3527:Vittorio Gorresio
3468:Guglielmo Petroni
3412:Anna Maria Ortese
3189:
3188:
3014:Media related to
2963:Giuseppe Leone, "
2948:978-0-9550105-1-4
2769:, pp. 53â54)
2503:, pp. 35â36)
2247:of his gravestone
1927:, pp. 82â88)
1914:, pp. 84â86)
1872:, pp. 79â86)
1837:, pp. 79â83)
1738:, pp. 67â68)
1393:, pp. 34â35)
1206:, pp. 10â13)
1108:, pp. 91â95)
741:who declined the
675:Claudia Cardinale
438:Francesco Orlando
431:Italian Red Cross
361:StÄmeriena Palace
116:
115:
16:(Redirected from
3997:
3950:Sicilian princes
3872:
3864:
3856:
3848:
3840:
3832:
3826:Edoardo Albinati
3824:
3816:
3808:
3800:
3792:
3784:
3776:
3768:
3760:
3754:Niccolò Ammaniti
3752:
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3669:
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3653:
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3637:
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3623:Vincenzo Consolo
3621:
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3597:
3589:
3581:
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3565:
3557:
3549:
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3533:
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3511:Ferdinando Camon
3509:
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3476:Tommaso Landolfi
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3115:(1988 biography)
3112:The Last Leopard
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2444:I gatinni ciechi
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1974:Town and Country
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1066:
1035:Grandee of Spain
966:Giacomo Leopardi
941:and agreed with
897:G. K. Chesterton
790:Italian fascists
763:Kingdom of Italy
704:I gatinni ciechi
663:Luchino Visconti
591:Luigi Pirandello
575:commonplace book
543:
503:
442:Gioacchino Lanza
196:Fulco di Verdura
188:Grandee of Spain
137:
132:
96:
84:Kingdom of Italy
77:23 December 1896
76:
74:
62:
51:Grandee of Spain
32:
21:
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4000:
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3994:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3870:
3862:
3858:Sandro Veronesi
3854:
3850:Antonio Scurati
3846:
3842:Helena Janeczek
3838:
3830:
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3806:
3798:
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3746:Sandro Veronesi
3742:
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3691:
3687:Ernesto Ferrero
3683:
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3595:
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3583:Stanislao Nievo
3579:
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3543:Goffredo Parise
3539:
3531:
3523:
3515:
3507:
3499:
3495:Fausta Cialente
3491:
3480:
3472:
3464:
3460:Manlio Cancogni
3456:
3448:
3440:
3432:
3424:
3416:
3408:
3400:
3392:
3388:Giovanni Arpino
3384:
3376:
3368:
3360:
3352:
3344:
3336:
3328:
3324:Giorgio Bassani
3320:
3312:
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3296:
3292:Alberto Moravia
3288:
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3006:
2969:Il punto stampa
2925:
2923:Further reading
2920:
2919:
2909:
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2899:
2898:
2894:
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2226:
2222:
2213:
2209:
2200:
2193:
2184:
2175:
2166:
2162:
2153:
2146:
2138:, pp. 155
2133:
2129:
2120:
2116:
2107:
2100:
2091:
2087:
2078:
2074:
2065:
2061:
2052:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2017:
2008:
2001:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1962:
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1112:
1103:
1099:
1092:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1063:
1047:
1044:
1022:
1001:, the docufilm
992:14846 Lampedusa
974:
927:Charles Dickens
873:Federico Chabod
862:Fernand Braudel
841:Alberto Moravia
767:Oliver Cromwell
735:
571:
565:for the novel.
546:Giorgio Bassani
537:
506:Benedetto Croce
497:
461:Eugenio Montale
315:Tomasi's uncle
233:lady in waiting
164:
130:
98:
94:
78:
72:
70:
49:
47:
40:Giuseppe Tomasi
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4003:
4001:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3920:Dukes in Italy
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3887:
3886:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3868:
3866:Emanuele Trevi
3860:
3852:
3844:
3836:
3834:Paolo Cognetti
3828:
3820:
3818:Nicola Lagioia
3812:
3804:
3796:
3788:
3780:
3772:
3770:Tiziano Scarpa
3764:
3762:Paolo Giordano
3756:
3748:
3740:
3732:
3730:Ugo Riccarelli
3724:
3716:
3708:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3681:
3673:
3671:Enzo Siciliano
3665:
3663:Claudio Magris
3657:
3649:
3641:
3633:
3625:
3617:
3609:
3601:
3593:
3585:
3577:
3575:Maria Bellonci
3569:
3561:
3553:
3545:
3537:
3529:
3521:
3513:
3505:
3503:Fulvio Tomizza
3497:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3470:
3462:
3454:
3452:Giuseppe DessĂŹ
3446:
3438:
3430:
3422:
3414:
3406:
3404:Michele Prisco
3398:
3390:
3382:
3374:
3366:
3358:
3350:
3342:
3334:
3326:
3318:
3310:
3302:
3294:
3286:
3284:Corrado Alvaro
3277:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3259:
3251:
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3234:
3232:
3228:
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3069:
3068:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3019:
3005:
3004:External links
3002:
3001:
3000:
2990:
2984:
2972:
2961:
2951:
2933:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2892:
2867:
2865:, p. 123)
2849:
2836:
2823:
2821:, p. 119)
2810:
2808:, p. 114)
2797:
2795:, p. 110)
2784:
2771:
2758:
2756:, p. 124)
2742:
2729:
2716:
2707:
2694:
2692:, p. 100)
2681:
2668:
2666:, p. 190)
2655:
2642:
2629:
2627:, p. 178)
2616:
2603:
2590:
2573:
2571:, p. 112)
2560:
2547:
2531:
2529:, p. 120)
2518:
2505:
2492:
2474:
2461:
2448:
2431:
2429:, p. 179)
2418:
2405:
2384:
2371:
2358:
2345:
2332:
2319:
2303:
2283:
2281:, p. 162)
2270:
2249:
2237:
2220:
2218:, p. 158)
2207:
2205:, p. 159)
2191:
2189:, p. 151)
2173:
2160:
2144:
2127:
2125:, p. 139)
2114:
2112:, p. 132)
2098:
2096:, p. 131)
2085:
2083:, p. 130)
2072:
2059:
2057:, p. 127)
2046:
2028:
2015:
2013:, p. 109)
1999:
1986:
1960:
1958:, p. 108)
1942:
1929:
1916:
1903:
1890:
1874:
1861:
1839:
1826:
1808:
1806:, p. 129)
1792:
1779:
1753:
1740:
1727:
1715:
1688:
1675:
1669:, pp. 61
1658:
1642:
1629:
1616:
1603:
1585:
1567:
1549:
1539:, pp. 45
1528:
1512:
1494:
1481:
1479:, p. 107)
1465:
1443:
1430:
1424:, pp. 37
1413:
1395:
1382:
1366:
1350:
1337:
1317:
1312:New York Times
1299:
1283:
1270:
1254:
1241:
1235:, pp. 23
1224:
1222:, pp. 13)
1208:
1195:
1189:, pp. 18
1178:
1162:
1144:
1142:, p. 106)
1131:
1110:
1097:
1090:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1061:
1049:Gilmour, David
1043:
1040:
1021:
1018:
973:
970:
922:Samuel Johnson
845:Franco Fortini
837:Elio Vittorini
747:Italian Senate
734:
731:
667:Burt Lancaster
627:House of Savoy
570:
567:
510:Elio Vittorini
504:, daughter of
469:Maria Bellonci
411:Capo d'Orlando
380:psychoanalysis
242:liceo classico
220:Emilio Salgari
163:
160:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
97:(aged 60)
91:
87:
86:
68:
64:
63:
55:
54:
42:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3983:
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3966:
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3908:
3906:
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3892:
3890:
3875:
3874:Mario Desiati
3869:
3867:
3861:
3859:
3853:
3851:
3845:
3843:
3837:
3835:
3829:
3827:
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3779:
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3741:
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3715:
3709:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3688:
3682:
3680:
3679:Dacia Maraini
3674:
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3664:
3658:
3656:
3650:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3634:
3632:
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3624:
3618:
3616:
3615:Paolo Volponi
3610:
3608:
3602:
3600:
3594:
3592:
3586:
3584:
3578:
3576:
3570:
3568:
3567:Carlo Sgorlon
3562:
3560:
3559:Pietro Citati
3554:
3552:
3551:Mario Pomilio
3546:
3544:
3538:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3506:
3504:
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3461:
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3445:
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3437:
3436:Guido Piovene
3431:
3429:
3423:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3399:
3397:
3396:Paolo Volponi
3391:
3389:
3383:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3367:
3365:
3359:
3357:
3356:Carlo Cassola
3351:
3349:
3343:
3341:
3335:
3333:
3327:
3325:
3319:
3317:
3311:
3309:
3308:Mario Soldati
3303:
3301:
3295:
3293:
3287:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3265:Cesare Pavese
3260:
3258:
3252:
3250:
3244:
3242:
3241:Ennio Flaiano
3236:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3217:
3212:
3210:
3205:
3203:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3165:Miscellaneous
3163:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3125:(2000 biopic)
3124:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3083:
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3074:
3070:
3066:
3059:
3054:
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3020:
3017:
3012:
3008:
3007:
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2998:
2996:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2980:The Economist
2976:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2965:Il Gattopardo
2962:
2960:Tauris Parke.
2959:
2955:
2954:Gefen, GĂŠrard
2952:
2949:
2945:
2941:
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2679:, p. 71)
2678:
2672:
2669:
2665:
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2646:
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2516:, p. 56)
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2490:, p. 57)
2489:
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2459:, p. 96)
2458:
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2428:
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2391:
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2382:, p. 45)
2381:
2375:
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2369:, p. 42)
2368:
2362:
2359:
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2329:
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2316:
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2284:
2280:
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2271:
2267:. 3 May 2003.
2266:
2262:
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2254:
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2246:
2241:
2238:
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2234:
2233:La Repubblica
2229:
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2204:
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1947:
1943:
1940:, p. 78)
1939:
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1930:
1926:
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1901:, p. 89)
1900:
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1871:
1865:
1862:
1857:
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1790:, p. 70)
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1751:, p. 69)
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1600:
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1440:
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470:
466:
465:Emilio Cecchi
462:
458:
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447:
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3224:Strega Prize
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3141:
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3110:
3089:
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3064:
3030:at Wikiquote
2994:
2978:
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2964:
2957:
2936:
2929:
2908:. Retrieved
2904:
2895:
2884:
2878:
2870:
2863:Gilmour 1988
2845:Gilmour 1988
2839:
2832:Gilmour 1988
2826:
2819:Gilmour 1988
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2806:Gilmour 1988
2800:
2793:Gilmour 1988
2787:
2780:Gilmour 1988
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2767:Gilmour 1988
2761:
2754:Gilmour 1988
2738:Gilmour 1988
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2725:Gilmour 1988
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2703:Gilmour 1988
2697:
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2677:Gilmour 1988
2671:
2664:Gilmour 1988
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2651:Gilmour 1988
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2638:Gilmour 1988
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2625:Gilmour 1988
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2612:Gilmour 1988
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2599:Gilmour 1988
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2569:Gilmour 1988
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2543:Gilmour 1988
2527:Gilmour 1988
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2514:Gilmour 1988
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2470:Gilmour 1988
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2427:Gilmour 1988
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2408:
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2380:Gilmour 1988
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2367:Gilmour 1988
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2354:Gilmour 1988
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2341:Gilmour 1988
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2328:Gilmour 1988
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2286:
2279:Gilmour 1988
2273:
2265:The Guardian
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2203:Gilmour 1988
2187:Gilmour 1988
2169:Gilmour 1988
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2123:Gilmour 1988
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1977:. Retrieved
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1956:Gilmour 1988
1938:Gilmour 1988
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1925:Gilmour 1988
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1912:Gilmour 1988
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1899:Gilmour 1988
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1886:Gilmour 1988
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1835:Gilmour 1988
1829:
1822:Gilmour 1988
1804:Gilmour 1988
1788:Gilmour 1988
1782:
1770:. Retrieved
1765:
1756:
1749:Gilmour 1988
1743:
1736:Gilmour 1988
1730:
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1701:
1691:
1684:Gilmour 1988
1678:
1670:
1667:Gilmour 1988
1661:
1654:Gilmour 1988
1638:Gilmour 1988
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1625:Gilmour 1988
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1599:Gilmour 1988
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1524:Gilmour 1988
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1477:Gilmour 1988
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1409:Gilmour 1988
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1220:Gilmour 1988
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1176:, p. 5)
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557:
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155:Risorgimento
153:
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126:
118:
117:
95:(1957-07-23)
93:23 July 1957
45:
35:
29:
3905:1957 deaths
3900:1896 births
3802:Walter Siti
3535:Umberto Eco
3153:The Leopard
3146:(1963 film)
3143:The Leopard
3134:Adaptations
3103:Works about
3081:The Leopard
2995:The Leopard
2586:The Leopard
1704:(in German)
1127:Feltrinelli
918:The Leopard
901:The Leopard
889:Elizabethan
881:James Joyce
833:The Leopard
813:The Leopard
806:John Milton
804:; the poet
712:Lessons on
671:Alain Delon
638:The Leopard
615:The Leopard
554:Feltrinelli
550:Feltrinelli
538: [
535:Elena Croce
498: [
495:Elena Croce
478:The Leopard
407:periostitis
393:James Joyce
388:The Leopard
334:Alice Barbi
325:Fascist era
310:James Joyce
306:Shakespeare
237:Queen Elena
152:during the
3889:Categories
3519:Primo Levi
1119:I Racconti
1062:0679401830
1042:References
962:John Keats
943:AndrĂŠ Gide
907:-produced
885:T.S. Eliot
849:right-wing
794:Jansenists
771:Charles II
739:monarchist
690:I racconti
679:Palme d'Or
642:gattopardo
607:His novel
204:diphtheria
192:Filangieri
174:, Duke of
73:1896-12-23
3485:1976â2000
3274:1951â1975
3231:1947â1950
2910:2 October
2879:Lampedusa
1014:Lampedusa
986:main-belt
934:Montaigne
779:Louis XVI
490:Mondadori
329:Mussolini
293:and even
162:Biography
3072:Works by
2140:et. seq.
1671:et. seq.
1541:et. seq.
1426:et. seq.
1237:et. seq.
1191:et. seq.
1051:(1988).
989:asteroid
939:Stendhal
864:and the
802:Puritans
786:liberals
775:Jacobins
773:and the
759:Savoyard
714:Stendhal
655:In 1963
625:and the
525:Capuchin
368:Orthodox
255:corporal
184:Torretta
2956:(2001)
1979:29 June
1772:30 June
1708:27 June
1123:Stories
867:Annales
826:Gramsci
751:Bourbon
694:Stories
681:at the
519:in the
517:requiem
415:Ficarra
398:Ulysses
291:Bologna
287:Tuscany
168:Palermo
102:, Italy
80:Palermo
3094:(1961)
3084:(1958)
2946:
2297:Brecha
1088:
1059:
1020:Titles
972:Legacy
905:Disney
869:school
843:, and
673:, and
646:serval
467:, and
422:Allied
327:until
295:Munich
271:Vienna
225:Hamlet
186:, and
150:Sicily
107:Spouse
2245:Photo
579:diary
569:Works
542:]
502:]
302:liceo
283:Turin
279:Genoa
259:Turin
247:liceo
180:Baron
3871:2022
3863:2021
3855:2020
3847:2019
3839:2018
3831:2017
3823:2016
3815:2015
3807:2014
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3668:1998
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3628:1993
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3604:1990
3596:1989
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3572:1986
3564:1985
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3540:1982
3532:1981
3524:1980
3516:1979
3508:1978
3500:1977
3492:1976
3473:1975
3465:1974
3457:1973
3449:1972
3441:1971
3433:1970
3425:1969
3417:1968
3409:1967
3401:1966
3393:1965
3385:1964
3377:1963
3369:1962
3361:1961
3353:1960
3345:1959
3337:1958
3329:1957
3321:1956
3313:1955
3305:1954
3297:1953
3289:1952
3281:1951
3262:1950
3254:1949
3246:1948
3238:1947
2944:ISBN
2912:2022
1981:2023
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1710:2023
1543:). (
1086:ISBN
1057:ISBN
984:The
964:and
951:and
895:and
883:and
875:and
598:Bede
589:and
446:Bede
375:Riga
100:Rome
90:Died
67:Born
1030:Don
777:to
769:to
600:to
448:to
378:of
373:in
235:to
182:of
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