234:, which would make the server explicitly ignore any use of the Do Not Track header by users of Internet Explorer 10. Fielding wrote that Microsoft's decision "deliberately violates" the Do Not Track specification because it "does not protect anyone's privacy unless the recipients believe it was set by a real human being, with a real preference for privacy over personalization". The Do Not Track specification did not explicitly mandate that the use of Do Not Track actually be a choice until after the feature was implemented in Internet Explorer 10. According to Fielding, Microsoft knew its Do Not Track signals would be ignored, and that its goal was to effectively give an illusion of privacy while still catering to their own interests. On October 9, 2012, Fielding's patch was
219:'s agreement with the U.S. government to honor a Do Not Track system, because the coalition said it would only honor such a system if it were not enabled by default by web browsers. A Microsoft spokesperson defended its decision however, stating that users would prefer a web browser that automatically respected their privacy.
245:, it would comply with the specification and no longer automatically enable Do Not Track as part of the operating system's "Express" default settings, but that the company will "provide customers with clear information on how to turn this feature on in the browser settings should they wish to do so".
285:
software to block web trackers and advertising has become increasingly common (with users citing both privacy concerns and performance impact as justification), while Apple and
Mozilla began to add privacy enhancements (such as "tracking protection") to their browsers, that are designed to reduce
172:
In July 2009, researchers
Christopher Soghoian and Sid Stamm implemented support for the Do Not Track header in the Firefox web browser via a prototype add-on. Stamm was, at the time, a privacy engineer at Mozilla, while Soghoian soon afterward started working at the FTC. One year later, during a
116:
The Do Not Track header was originally proposed in 2009 by researchers
Christopher Soghoian and Sid Stamm. became the first browser to implement the feature. The header didn't find widespread success due to the lack of legislation that would require companies to legally respect the Do Not Track
179:
One week later, Microsoft announced that its next browser would include support for
Tracking Protection Lists that block tracking of consumers using blacklists supplied by third parties. In January 2011, Mozilla announced that its Firefox browser would soon provide a Do Not Track solution, via a
194:
In
January 2019, the W3C Tracking Protection Working Group was disbanded, citing "insufficient deployment of these extensions" and lack of "indications of planned support among user agents, third parties, and the ecosystem at large". Beginning the following month, Apple removed DNT support from
128:
header that spiritually succeeds Do Not Track header. The creators hope that this new header will meet the definition of "user-enabled global privacy controls" defined by the (CCPA) and the
European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In this case, the new header would be automatically
215:. Microsoft faced criticism for its decision to enable Do Not Track by default from advertising companies, who say that use of the Do Not Track header should be a choice made by the user and must not be automatically enabled. The companies also said that this decision would violate the
153:(no header sent) if the user has not expressed a preference. The default behavior required by the standard is not to send the header unless the user enables the setting via their browser or their choice is implied by the use of that specific browser.
387:
has not yet implemented the signal, despite still allowing users to enable the now deprecated Do Not Track header. However, there are third-party extensions available for Chrome if users want to send the GPC header with their requests, including the
253:
Very few advertising companies actually supported DNT, due to a lack of regulatory or voluntary requirements for its use, and unclear standards over how websites should respond to the header. Websites that honor DNT requests include
113:—which includes the collection of data regarding a user's activity across multiple distinct contexts, and the retention, use, or sharing of data derived from that activity outside the context in which it occurred.
165:(FTC) to create a Do Not Track list for online advertising. The proposal would have required that online advertisers submit their information to the FTC, which would compile a machine-readable list of the
956:
1506:
319:
that can be used to inform websites of the user's wish to have their information not be sold or used by ad trackers. GPC was developed in 2020 by privacy technology researchers such as
1238:
825:
173:
U.S. Senate privacy hearing, FTC Chairman Jon
Leibowitz told the Senate Commerce Committee that the commission was exploring the idea of proposing a "do-not-track" list.
176:
In
December 2010, the FTC issued a privacy report that called for a "do-not-track" system that would enable people to avoid having their actions being monitored online.
407:(CCPA), which stipulates that websites are legally required to respect a signal sent by users who want to opt-out of having their personal data sold. In July 2021, the
1030:
266:
did not implement support for DNT on its websites, and directed users to its online privacy settings and opt-outs for interest-based advertising instead. The
1533:
964:
1496:
768:
978:
403:
One key difference between the Do Not Track header and GPC is that GPC is a valid do-not-sell-my-personal-information signal according to the
1057:
515:
1155:
1260:
491:
1082:
287:
271:
1129:
1004:
422:
paid a $ 1.2-million settlement for allegedly failing to process opt-out requests via a user-enabled global privacy control signal.
191:'s Tracking Preference Expression (DNT) standard proposed that "Do not track" be the goal for advocates to demand of businesses.
466:
404:
275:
415:
408:
393:
380:
335:
235:
1212:
267:
798:
903:
446:
358:
312:
80:
1104:
1538:
188:
431:
328:
227:
162:
852:
1239:"Digital Advertising Alliance Gives Guidance to Marketers for Microsoft IE10 'DO NOT TRACK' Default Setting"
1181:
878:
742:
716:
690:
661:
635:
461:
196:
300:, who was a member of the W3C's working group for DNT, argued that the concept is a "failed experiment".
579:
316:
1469:
776:
324:
293:
208:
207:
When using the "Express" settings upon installation, a Do Not Track option is enabled by default for
826:"Privacy groups offer "Do Not Track" compromise; will online advertisers and publishers accept it?"
368:
320:
181:
363:
290:(GDPR) have imposed restrictions on how companies are to store and process personal information.
231:
609:
187:
In August 2015 a coalition of privacy groups led by the
Electronic Frontier Foundation using
1441:
411:
clarified through an FAQ that under law, the Global
Privacy Control signal must be honored.
255:
184:, Apple's Safari, Opera and Google Chrome all later added support for the header approach.
109:) is a formerly official HTTP header field, designed to allow internet users to opt out of
830:
541:
929:
389:
331:
297:
17:
1527:
1470:"Global Privacy Control (GPC) Enabled by Default in DuckDuckGo Apps & Extensions"
384:
1419:
686:
496:
223:
110:
456:
452:
282:
166:
1497:"Sephora to pay $ 1.2 mln in privacy settlement with Calif. AG over data sales"
1105:"Keep this in, but commented out: also provide a little · apache/httpd@3dd6fb6"
904:"Apple is removing the Do Not Track toggle from Safari, but for a good reason"
397:
354:
339:
242:
1373:
State of California - Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General
347:
259:
216:
212:
129:
strengthened by existing laws and companies would be required to honor it.
286:
undue cross-site tracking. In addition, laws such as the European Union's
441:
118:
1338:
1285:
1031:"Microsoft sticks to its guns, keeps Do Not Track on by default in IE10"
1501:
1310:
419:
376:
372:
169:
used by those companies to place cookies or otherwise track consumers.
1156:"Here's The Gaping Flaw in Microsoft's 'Do Not Track' System For IE10"
1427:
447:
List of HTTP header fields § Common non-standard request headers
343:
263:
1368:
1261:"How the tragic death of Do Not Track ruined the web for everyone"
492:"How the tragic death of Do Not Track ruined the web for everyone"
124:
In 2020, a coalition of US-based internet companies announced the
979:"Microsoft ticks off advertisers with IE10 'Do Not Track' policy"
334:, as well as a group of privacy-focused companies including the
84:
1182:"Millions of People Use 'Do Not Track' Tool Which Does Nothing"
436:
1394:
1005:"Microsoft's "Do Not Track" Move Angers Advertising Industry"
1207:
1205:
1203:
1058:"Apache Web software overrides IE10 do-not-track setting"
769:"Core update with Do Not Track, and mail and theme fixes"
262:. Despite offering the option in its Chrome web browser,
241:
On April 3, 2015, Microsoft announced that starting with
161:
In 2007, several consumer advocacy groups asked the U.S.
558:
662:"Microsoft to Add 'Tracking Protection' to Web Browser"
1311:"Frequently Asked Questions | Global Privacy Control"
799:"Longer battery life and easier website permissions"
278:does not require its members to honor DNT signals.
90:
76:
68:
53:
45:
37:
1339:"Founding Organizations | Global Privacy Control"
1213:"'Do Not Track' Privacy Tool Doesn't Do Anything"
1130:"Microsoft rolls back commitment to Do Not Track"
121:not respecting the header when sent by the user.
957:"Do Not Track in the Windows 8 Setup Experience"
203:Internet Explorer 10 default setting controversy
879:"Apple Is Removing 'Do Not Track' From Safari"
559:"Do Not Track- Universal Web Tracking Opt-Out"
516:"FTC Mulls Browser-Based Block for Online Ads"
930:"Internet Explorer 10 Released for Windows 7"
743:"Apple Adds Do-Not-Track Tool to New Browser"
717:"Microsoft Adds Do-Not-Track Tool to Browser"
141:in case the user does not want to be tracked
8:
1083:"Apache Won't Override Do-Not-Track Headers"
145:, 0 in case the user consents to be tracked
32:
1085:. MediaPost Communications. October 9, 2012
195:Safari, citing that it could be used as a "
94:
542:"An Analysis of the 'Do Not Track' Header"
226:, an author of the Do Not Track standard,
31:
1326:Who is supporting the development of GPC?
1369:"California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)"
1056:Shankland, Stephen (September 7, 2012).
767:Opera Desktop Team (February 11, 2012).
580:"The History of the Do Not Track Header"
296:associate professor of computer science
691:"Web Tool On Firefox To Deter Tracking"
636:"FTC Backs Do-Not-Track System for Web"
477:
610:"Outspoken Privacy Advocate Joins FTC"
1457:What is Global Privacy Control (GPC)?
1363:
1361:
1359:
400:Privacy Essentials add-on, and more.
327:and former Chief Technologist of the
137:The DNT header accepts three values:
7:
509:
507:
485:
483:
481:
1534:Hypertext Transfer Protocol headers
1259:Fleishman, Glenn (March 17, 2019).
587:Center for Democracy and Technology
353:The signal has been implemented by
238:, restoring the previous behavior.
1180:Bacchus, Arif (October 15, 2018).
877:Hill, Kashmir (February 6, 2019).
660:Angwin, Julia (December 7, 2010).
634:Angwin, Julia (December 2, 2010).
490:Fleishman, Glenn (March 7, 2019).
394:The Electronic Frontier Foundation
288:General Data Protection Regulation
272:Council of Better Business Bureaus
230:a patch to the source code of the
72:Christopher Soghoian and Sid Stamm
25:
1509:from the original on May 10, 2023
824:Abel, Jennifer (August 6, 2015).
741:Nick Wingfield (April 14, 2011).
514:Corbin, Kenneth (July 28, 2010).
1495:Merken, Sara (August 24, 2022).
955:Brendon Lynch (August 7, 2012).
715:Angwin, Julia (March 15, 2011).
467:Data & Marketing Association
276:Data & Marketing Association
1420:"Turn "Do Not Track" on or off"
608:Zetter, Kim (August 17, 2009).
405:California Consumer Privacy Act
1446:Electronic Frontier Foundation
1286:"Global Privacy Control (GPC)"
336:Electronic Frontier Foundation
180:browser header. Microsoft's
117:header and most companies and
1:
853:"WG closed · w3c/dnt@5d85d6c"
540:Goodrich, Ben (May 1, 2012).
1188:. Designtechnica Corporation
961:Microsoft on the issues blog
268:Digital Advertising Alliance
217:Digital Advertising Alliance
416:California Attorney General
409:California Attorney General
381:California Attorney General
1555:
1011:. The Wall Street Journal
1343:globalprivacycontrol.org
1315:globalprivacycontrol.org
432:Blur (browser extension)
414:On August 24, 2022, the
329:Federal Trade Commission
199:variable" for tracking.
163:Federal Trade Commission
462:Better Business Bureau
367:, and privacy browser
309:Global Privacy Control
304:Global Privacy Control
222:On September 7, 2012,
95:Global Privacy Control
18:Global Privacy Control
1395:"Chrome Privacy Now!"
1136:. IDG. April 3, 2015
689:(January 21, 2011).
451:HTTP cookie §§
371:and is supported by
311:(GPC) is a proposed
294:Princeton University
209:Internet Explorer 10
111:tracking by websites
1399:Chrome Privacy Now!
1290:privacycg.github.io
936:. November 13, 2012
747:Wall Street Journal
721:Wall Street Journal
695:Wall Street Journal
666:Wall Street Journal
640:Wall Street Journal
321:Wesleyan University
34:
1476:. January 28, 2021
1424:Google Chrome Help
1375:. October 15, 2018
1219:. October 15, 2018
967:on August 8, 2012.
910:. February 7, 2019
805:. November 6, 2012
589:. October 31, 2007
457:Third-party cookie
364:The New York Times
232:Apache HTTP Server
81:HTTP header fields
779:on March 10, 2013
325:Sebastian Zimmeck
313:HTTP header field
100:
99:
27:HTTP header field
16:(Redirected from
1546:
1539:Internet privacy
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1466:
1460:
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1454:
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1442:"Privacy Badger"
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1160:Business Insider
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1037:. August 8, 2012
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963:. Archived from
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795:
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775:. Archived from
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831:ConsumerAffairs
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379:as well as the
361:and extension,
359:private browser
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138:
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126:Privacy Control
60:
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1474:Spread Privacy
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1186:Digital Trends
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985:. June 1, 2012
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439:
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390:Privacy Badger
350:), and more.
332:Ashkan Soltani
305:
302:
298:Jonathan Mayer
250:
247:
204:
201:
197:fingerprinting
158:
155:
134:
131:
98:
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77:Base standards
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520:Internet News
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1511:. Retrieved
1500:
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1478:. Retrieved
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1449:. Retrieved
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1402:. Retrieved
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1389:
1377:. Retrieved
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1346:. Retrieved
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1318:. Retrieved
1314:
1305:
1293:. Retrieved
1289:
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1268:. Retrieved
1265:Fast Company
1264:
1254:
1242:. Retrieved
1233:
1221:. Retrieved
1216:
1190:. Retrieved
1185:
1175:
1165:September 8,
1163:. Retrieved
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1138:. Retrieved
1133:
1124:
1112:. Retrieved
1108:
1099:
1089:December 22,
1087:. Retrieved
1077:
1065:. Retrieved
1061:
1051:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:Ars Technica
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