820:. Lipoinjection contouring and augmentation with the patient's own body fat avoids the possibility of tissue rejection, and is physically less invasive than buttocks-implant surgery. Therefore, depending upon the health of the patient, the convalescence period allows them to resume daily, normal-life activities at 2-days post-operative, and the full spectrum of physical activity at 2-weeks post-operative. Furthermore, the liposuction harvesting of the patient's excess body fat improves the aesthetic appearance of the body fat donor-sites. Nonetheless,
943:(2011) indicated that natural contours of the buttocks and the thighs are effectively achieved with a combined gluteoplasty of selective liposuction and lipoinjection, which reduces the need for aggressive surgical procedures, decreases the risk of medical complications, abbreviates wound-recovery-time, and lessens post-operative scarring. Combined with any buttocks-correction method, superficial liposculpture facilitates the treatment of contour irregularities, the surgical revision of scars, and the correction of gluteal-region contour depressions.
1083:, fluids. The patient is advised to wear a compression garment to contain swelling and to immobilize the corrected tissues, so that they heal as one anatomic unit of the gluteal region. Moreover, throughout the convalescence, to facilitate shrinking the skin to the new, corrected body contour, and to resolve unevenness, wrinkles to the skin, and localized swelling, the continual application of massage and (occasional) ultrasound treatments can facilitate the diminishment of the post-operative conditions.
1157:
Mexico, eight (61.6 percent) occurred during lipoinjection, whereas the remaining five (38.4 percent) occurred within the first 24 hours. In
Colombia, six deaths (77.7 percent) occurred during surgery and three occurred (22.2 percent) immediately after surgery. Secondary lymphoedema of the lower extremities has been reported as an unusual side effect of liquid silicone injection on the hips and buttock while thromboembolism, implant displacement and explosion has also been listed as some of the dangers.
783:. The usual operating-room time for a buttocks augmentation procedure is approximately 2 hours. The procedure can be managed either as an overnight in-patient treatment or as a hospital outpatient treatment. Given the nature of the surgical incisions to the gluteus maximus muscles, the therapeutic management of post-surgical pain (at the surgical-wound sites) and normal tissue-healing usually require a 4â6-week convalescence, after which the patient resumes his or her normal-life activities.
1057:
sutured and taped, in order to facilitate the uneventful healing of the gluteus-muscle tissues, without medical complications. The patient is advised to avoid exercise and strenuous physical activity until 3-weeks post-operative; how to properly care for surgical-incision wounds; and how to wear a compression garment that will keep in place the surgically corrected tissues, and so ensure their healing as a whole anatomic unit of the gluteal region.
767:, the anatomic regions where the human body usually stores excess body fat. Post-operatively, because of the cutting (incising) into the flesh of the tailbone muscles, the full healing of the augmented tissues can be approximately 6â8 months, in the course of which the gluteal-muscle tissues relax, and the settled buttocks prostheses are integrated to the gluteal region. The implantation procedure can be performed upon a patient who is either
1200:-inducing drugs can present medical complications such as a fluid overload of the tissues, the inadequate replacement of the infiltrated solution, and the partitioning (separation) of a single infiltration into several pools, which then are removed by suction lipectomy. Moreover, during anaesthesia, maintaining the patient's stable blood pressure can be difficult, which increases the possibility of bleeding, and the possibility that
629:(bands of nerve fibres) that travel (in a crow's-foot configuration) between the gluteus maximus muscle and its (front) anterior fascia; the thickest nerve-bands are the superior-most and the inferior-most fillets. The superior-most fillet runs almost vertically, near the sacrum, and innervates the superior portion of the gluteus muscle; the inferior-most fillet, which has the greatest calibre, travels very close and parallel to the
3416:
824:, the human body's normal, health-management chemistry does resorb (break down and eliminate) some of the injected adipose-fat tissue, and so might diminish the augmentation. According to the degree of diminishment of the volume and contour caused by the fat-resorption, the patient might require additional sessions of fat-transfer therapy to achieve the desired size, shape, and contour of the buttocks.
77:
1019:. The volume of the anaesthetic-tumescent solution is gradually infiltrated to the pertinent gluteal area, in order to avoid the nerves and the deeper anatomic structures of the gluteus maximus muscle. The particular anatomic features to be contoured determine the types of cannula (gauge, size, grade) used to effect and control the harvesting of excess adipose fat from the patient's body.
457:
860:), and a degree of gluteal-muscle ptosis (prolapsation, falling forward), wherein neither gluteal-implant surgery nor lipoinjection would be adequate to restoring the natural anatomic contour of the gluteal region, the application of a combined treatment of autologous dermal-fat flap surgery and lipoinjection can achieve the required functional correction and aesthetic contour.
179:
36:
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tissue, which might disfigure the contour of the patient's fat-donor area. The possible contour problems that might arise from ultrasonic liposuction are skin burns and hypertrophic scarring, which might occur if the fat-donor area skin is not cooled and protected during the fat harvest. To that end,
691:
In surgical and body contouring praxis, the plastic surgeon effects the implant-pocket undermining of the gluteus maximus muscle by carefully separating the muscle fibres to avoid severing the pertinent blood vessels, which would interfere with the blood irrigation of the muscle tissue. Therefore, to
1091:
Of the three general methods of gluteal augmentation procedures, including implants, flaps and fat graft, a 2019 systemic literature review with meta-analysis of 46 publications revealed fat graft with the least complication rate (7%) while implants associated with highest complication rate (31%).
807:
of the patient. In 1987 Dr. Eduardo Krulig, a
Venezuelan plastic surgeon, described the technique, using the name "lipoinjection" for the first time, mentioning the regions of the body where the technique is useful. The gentle liposuction applied to harvest the autologous fat minimally disturbs the
1156:
Like most medical procedures, buttock augmentation come with risks some of which can be life-threatening. A total of 413 Mexican plastic surgeons reported 64 deaths related to liposuction, with 13 deaths caused by gluteal lipoinjection. In
Colombia, nine deaths were documented. Of the 13 deaths in
993:
Once the patient is atop the operating table, the surgeon positions him or her to best expose the pertinent gluteal-region area that is to be corrected or contoured, or both; the usual operative position is the prone (face down) position, but the patient can also be positioned laterally (on his or
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defects are difficult to correct because of the curvature of the buttocks as an anatomic unit, and because of the scar-contracting elements of the tissues across the gluteal curvature. In such a case, although the injection of (autologous or artificial) tissue fillers to correct the defect or the
1169:
expectations can be different from the contoured body that is the outcome of the performed surgical operation. Such unmet aesthetic expectations can be avoided at the pre-operative consultation stage, whereby, with informed consent, the physician and the patient jointly establish a realistic and
1074:
patient usually requires approximately 6 months, and occasionally 1 year before producing the final, corrected body contour. For both procedures, at approximately 1-month post-operative, marked aesthetic improvement is noticeable in the corrected body areas, as is the elimination of the initial,
1047:
the dissection-incision and secures it with adhesive tape to ensure that the augmentation-pocket remains open, as dissected, ready to receive the injections of adipose fat. For the revision of scars, with surgery and injections of autologous fat, or with allopathic synthetic fillers, the surgeon
929:
Reshaping the buttocks with liposculpture is performed with a small cannula (2 mm) specifically for contouring superficial body fat, the configuration of which (number of open ports) is determined by the type and the degree of gluteal correction to be realized. To sculpt rounded contours to
1056:
After completing the surgical corrections and the lipoinjection contouring of the pertinent area(s) of the gluteal region, the surgeon thoroughly examines the patient to ensure his or her general recovery from the operation; and examines each surgical incision to ascertain that it is correctly
1184:
the infusion of a tumescence-inducing solution to the fat-donor area(s) assists in cooling the patient's skin during the ultrasonic lipo-harvesting; likewise, the application of moist towels, a skin protector, and the constant cooling-fluid infiltration of the cannula in an integrated sheath.
920:
liposuction machine liquefies the excess fat tissue, and so more readily facilitates its removal with conventional suction-lipectomy. The quick fat-harvesting allowed by the ultrasonic lipectomy technique has eliminated the larger (long and wide) surgical incisions that once were required for
1178:
Contour problems of the corrected gluteal region can be prevented with the operational use of small-gauge cannulas (ca. 2.0 mm) specifically for superficial liposuction; and with the application of cross-pattern harvesting of the excess body fat, to avoid removing too much
1069:
of the buttocks with gluteal implants, that, although immediate results can be observed, the final, corrected body contour usually is observed at 6-months post-operative, and at 1-year post-operative, depending upon the tissue-healing capabilities of the patient's body. The
1010:
Once the patient is in the operative position, the surgeon begins the liposuction correction by making incisions to the marks of the surgical-correction plan, and then infiltrates (injects) a solution of anaesthesia- and tumescence-inducing drugs, usually a combination of
934:
can be combined with other treatment methods for contouring the gluteal region to achieve the required functional, anatomic correction, and the aesthetic enhancement sought by the patient, such as reshaping the lateral area of the buttocks into an athletic form. The study
263:
1232:) might occur in the contoured portion(s) of the gluteal region, and might perdure for a long time after the surgery. Hence, the patient is advised to facilitate the re-sensitizing of the numb area(s) with applications of gentle massage, to prevent the development of a
921:
removing a large volume of adipose tissue. Nonetheless, because of the sensitivity of the gluteal-region tissues, the skin of the pertinent donor-site is cooled in order to prevent ultrasonic heat damage caused by the liquefying and removal of the excess adipose fat.
725:
can be realized surgically, the assessment of the degree of severity of the injury organizes treatment therapies into three types: (i) buttocks augmentation, (ii) buttocks reduction, and (iii) contour irregularity treatments that combine surgery and liposculpture
1022:
For a lipoinjection augmentation, the surgeon first dissects and prepares the augmentation-pocket to which will be injected the autologous fat-tissue. The surgical creation (muscle dissection) of the augmentation-pocket avoids the gluteal innervation
939:(2011) indicated that effective, gluteal-region contouring is best achieved by tailoring the liposuction-reduction and the lipoinjection-augmentation techniques to the anatomic topography of the body areas to be corrected. Furthermore, the study
965:) of the patient, the plastic surgeon establishes a realistic and feasible surgery plan by which to correct the anatomic contour deficiencies of the gluteal region. The surgeon and the patient determine the location of the surgical-wound
387:(balanced walk) for the person who requires the surgical correction of either a defect or a deformity of the gluteal region; therefore, the restoration of anatomic functionality is the therapeutic consideration that determines which
688:. As the arteries and the veins enter the mass of the gluteal muscle, they divide into narrower blood-vessel ramifications (configured like the horizontal branches of a tree), most of which travel parallel to the muscle fibres.
994:
her side). The surgical correction plan can be delineated and marked to the patient's body when he or she is awake (before sedation or anaesthesia) or it can be delineated when the patient is on the operating table (already
844:(fat-suction, fat-injection). Therapeutically, such a combined correction-and-enhancement procedure is a realistic and feasible lower-body-lift treatment for the man and for the woman patient who has undergone massive
1216:, vomiting, shivering, and seizures; likewise, as manifestations of drowsiness, unconsciousness, respiratory depression, and respiratory arrest. Furthermore, the toxicity symptoms of a tumescence-inducing drug (e.g.
3144:
427:), and any deformation of the anatomic contour of the buttocks. Likewise, the corrective techniques apply to resolving the sagging skin of the body, and the muscle and bone deformities presented by the formerly
3316:
1002:). In operative praxis, the second option allows the plastic surgeon greater freedom to properly manipulate the patient into the position best suited for performing the body-contouring surgery.
1265:, which is an injectable solution made of Poly-L-lactic acid particles. By stimulating the body's own collagen production, the injected area begins to expand over the course of 1 â 2 months.
499:, where the buttocks anatomy joins the rear, upper portion of the thighs. The gluteus maximus muscle has two points of insertion: (i) the one-third superior portion of the (coarse line)
1273:
In common parlance, lipoinjection into the buttocks for aesthetic purposes is often called a "Brazilian butt lift" (BBL). This name is suggested to originate from the
Brazilian surgeon
3233:
333:, and acquired defects/deformities of the buttocks and the anatomy of the gluteal region; and for the aesthetic enhancement (by augmentation or by reduction) of the contour of the
692:
create an implant-pocket, either for a gluteal prosthesis or for lipoinjection, a low-angle muscle-dissection is performed in order to avoid the risk of severing any major branchâ
3218:
832:
The augmentation of the buttocks, by rearranging and enhancing the pertinent muscle and fat tissues of the gluteal region, is realized with a combined gluteoplasty procedure of
3223:
3183:
621:. The first ramificationâthe gluteus branchâis a branch nerve that is very close to the emergence of the inferior gluteal nerve to the area, next to the inferior border of the
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deformity might be impermanentâit usually will remedy the functional and aesthetic shortcoming(s) required by the patient, which is the therapeutic purpose of gluteoplasty.
1170:
feasible surgery plan to achieve a mutually satisfactory corrective outcome (functional and aesthetic) of the operation to the gluteal region, the buttock- and thigh-areas.
581:
of the thigh); the tissues of the gluteus maximus muscle cover only the rear, lateral face of the trochanter, and there form a bursa (purse) that faces the interior of the
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812:
between the skin and the immediate subcutaneous muscle tissues. Then, the harvested fat is injected to the pertinent body area of the gluteal region, through a fine-gauge
1236:
complication, and to alleviate pain. Nonetheless, depending upon the tissue-healing capabilities of the patient, he or she can recover in full at 2-years post-operative.
2731:
755:). Augmentation with a gluteal implant is the method most effective for enlarging the buttocks of the man or of the woman whose body possesses few stores of excess
3272:
3011:
892:, wherein the body fat is harvested by aspiration (suction) through a small-gauge cannula (2â4 mm) that is inserted through a small incision, either to the
640:âeither for the gluteal prosthesis or for the injections of autologous fatâby undermining the gluteus maximus muscle with a dissection technique that avoids the
969:, and determine the best operative position, to allow the proper exposure of the pertinent anatomy to be corrected. Because the surgical procedure requires the
652:; which, if accidentally cut, might isolate the posterior (back) portion of the muscle and lead to denervation, the loss of nerve function and of innervation.
3306:
2189:
1140:
include the bodily resorption of some of the injected adipose fat, asymmetric contour of the corrected body area, an irregular contour to the body, seroma,
930:
square-shaped buttocks muscles, superficial liposculpture allows the plastic surgeon to control the injection-rate of the fat-volume. Moreover, superficial
2689:
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blood. The vascularization, the entrance of the blood vessels to the muscle tissues, occurs at the anterior (front) face of the muscle, very close to the
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368:
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1277:, who pioneered the surgery in the 1960s. The popularity of the surgery significantly increased during the 2010s as a result of social media trends.
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Like every pelvic-area muscle, the gluteus maximus muscle originates from the pelvis; nonetheless, it is the sole pelvic muscle not inserted to the
1244:
The outcome of a buttocks-contouring procedure depends upon the specific defect or deformity that can be effectively corrected with liposculpture,
3267:
2981:
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2721:
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633:; the inferior-most fillet provides fine-gauge branch-nerve ramifications that innervate the gluteus muscle through its anterior (front) face.
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94:
49:
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884:, to reshape, refine, and re-establish the natural contour of the body. The usual buttocks-reduction treatment is lipectomy with applied
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1220:) might cause such CNS symptoms, for which reason the operative application of a tumescent drug is limited throughout the operation.
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The surgical and liposculpture contouring of the human body presents possible medical complications such as: the psychologicalâunmet
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1108:, localized areas of perduring numbness in the corrected portion(s) of the gluteal region. The medical complications possible to a
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expectations of aesthetic improvement; the physicalâuneven contour, local and general; the physiologicâtoxic reactions to the
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1934:"Differences in Complication Rates of Gluteoplasty Procedures That Utilize Autologous Fat Grafting, Implants, or Local Flaps"
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98:
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2050:"Secondary Lymphoedema of the Lower Leg as an Unusual Side-Effect of a Liquid Silicone Injection in the Hips and Buttocks"
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Rosique, Rodrigo G.; Rosique, Marina J. F.; De Moraes, Carlos
Gustavo (2015). "Gluteoplasty with Autologous Fat Tissue".
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fluids to be administered to the patient during the procedure, and so avoid the risks of drugs overdose and toxicity.
127:
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2096:"Clinical Trial of Poly-L-lactic Acid (Sculptra Aesthetic) for the Treatment of Cellulite of the Buttocks and Thighs"
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While surgical buttock enhancements are popular, there are minimally invasive alternatives. One such alternative is
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2506:
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Cuenca-Guerra, Ramon; Lugo-Beltran, Ignacio (2006). "Beautiful
Buttocks: Characteristics and Surgical Techniques".
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1846:
Avendano-Valenzuela, G.; Guerrerosantos, J. (2011). "Contouring the
Gluteal Region With Tumescent Liposculpture".
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of the thigh). The left and the right gluteus maximus muscles (the butt cheeks) are vertically divided by the
1776:
Centeno, Robert F.; Young, V. Leroy (2006). "Clinical
Anatomy in Aesthetic Gluteal Body Contouring Surgery".
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2417:
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917:
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200:
87:
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1212:, apprehension, restlessness, nervousness, disorientation, confusion, dizziness, blurred vision, tremors,
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751:; the insertion of the buttock prosthesis is through a midline incision (5â8-cm-wide) over the tailbone (
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476:
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CĂĄrdenas-Camarena, LĂĄzaro; Bayter, Jorge
Enrique; Aguirre-Serrano, Herley; Cuenca-Pardo, JesĂșs (2015).
391:
procedure will effectively correct the damaged muscles of the buttocks. The applicable techniques for
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3408:
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1128:, asymmetry of the corrected area, shifting of the implant, surgical over-correction, injury to the
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134:
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Flores-Lima, Gerardo; Eppley, Barry L. (2009). "Body
Contouring with Solid Silicone Implants".
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can occur if excessive doses are administered by infiltration; the symptoms are manifested as
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the relative anatomic locations of the buttocks muscles, considered for buttocks augmentation.
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The surgical anatomy of the gluteus maximus muscle, as considered for a buttock-lift surgery.
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injections) to resolve the patient's particular defect or deformity of the gluteal region.
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399:; the excision (cutting and removal) of damaged tissues; lipoinjection augmentation; and
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554:(tailbone). At its origin, the gluteus maximus muscle extends to include parts of the
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Asserson, Derek B.; Kulinich, Andrea G.; Orbay, Hakan; Sahar, David E. (May 2019).
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2035:"Six Dangerous Side Effects of Buttocks Augmentation and Implants - Public Health"
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The corrective procedures for buttock augmentation and buttock repair include the
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applies subcuticular closures to the incision wounds, which then are bandaged.
856:. In the case of the man or woman who presents under-projected, flat buttocks (
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post-operative weight gain caused by the body's retention of the infiltrated,
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inserted through a small surgical incision, which produces a short and narrow
520:
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1957:
1859:
1524:
1499:
Yang, Guang; Mahadik, Bhushan; Choi, Ji Young; Fisher, John P. (2020-01-01).
609:. The inferior gluteal nerve divides into three collateral branches: (i) the
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916:, a deposit of adipose fat to the buttocks and related anatomic areas. The
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The methods for reducing the size of the buttocks include the varieties of
403:
reductionâto resolve the defect or deformity caused by a traumatic injury (
625:. As it arises, the inferior gluteal nerve then divides into four or more
3353:
2370:
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908:
Ultrasonically assisted liposuction can quickly remove a large volume of
768:
760:
543:
468:
361:
334:
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In surgical and body contouring praxis, the plastic surgeon creates the
601:) and extends from the pelvis to the gluteal region, then traverses the
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The motor innervation of the gluteus maximus muscle is performed by the
288:
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2268:
1233:
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941:
Contouring of the Gluteal Region in Women: Enhancement and Augmentation
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428:
341:
2065:
1501:"Vascularization in tissue engineering: fundamentals and state-of-art"
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procedure, the submuscular emplacement of a gluteal implant, include
752:
701:
685:
641:
551:
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and correction include the surgical emplacement of gluteal implants;
1401:
Gonzalez, Raul (2004). "Augmentation Gluteoplasty: The XYZ Method".
1120:
that exposes the implant, revision surgery, rupture of the implant,
961:
To meet the functional requirements and the aesthetic expectations (
207:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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of the gluteal-region area to be corrected, the physician and the
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In the surgical praxis of body contouring therapy, the patient's
534:, which is the large, triangular bone located at the base of the
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Ali, Ahmed (2011). "Contouring of the Gluteal Region in Women".
1148:(subcutaneous connective-tissue inflammation), and paresthesia.
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384:
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1375:. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 395.
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is a large and very thick muscle (6â7 cm) located on the
172:
70:
29:
1671:"Autologous augmentation gluteoplasty with a dermal fat flap"
558:, the sacrum, the coccyx, the sacrosciatic ligament, and the
1712:"Autologous Gluteal Augmentation after Massive Weight Loss"
721:
While the resolution of the defects and deformities of the
1752:"Butt Augmentation Surgery NYC | Butt Lift Westchester NY"
937:
Contouring the Gluteal Region with Tumescent Liposculpture
1136:(tingling skin). The medical complications possible to a
605:(opening) from behind and to the middle to then join the
569:(head of the femur), and is approximately aligned to the
546:. The upper part of the sacrum is connected to the final
700:âof the gluteal artery, which travels very close to the
196:
2590:
Gender-critical or trans-exclusionary radical feminism
1065:
The physician advises the patient who has undergone a
542:, where it is inserted (like a wedge) between the two
367:
Gluteoplasty has also been applied in the practice of
1505:
Progress in Biomedical Engineering (Bristol, England)
1446:"Motor Points in Relation to the Surface of the Body"
791:
The augmentation and contouring of the buttocks with
795:(lipoinjection) therapy is realized with the excess
743:
The augmentation of the buttocks is realized with a
495:), and the lower aspects of the buttocks end at the
3329:
3305:
3072:
3022:
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2786:
2647:
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275:
255:
101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1329:
1327:
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1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1295:"Gluteoplasty Implants and Lipotransfer Technique"
1710:Le Louarn, Claude; Pascal, Jean François (2008).
2294:
1599:Krulig, Eduardo (April 1987). "Lipo-injection".
483:. The upper aspects of the buttocks end at the
1396:
1394:
1392:
1248:or not. Nonetheless, depressed scars and deep
1188:Drug complications (anaesthetic and tumescent)
912:for the correction of a notable occurrence of
896:(the butt-crack), or to the upper area of the
2183:
981:determine the volumes of the anaesthetic and
8:
880:enhancement) to reduce excess body fat, and
1228:Post-operatively, local areas of numbness (
511:(a long, fibrous reinforcement of the deep
431:patient, after a massive weight loss (MWL)
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2920:
2190:
2176:
2168:
1669:Sozer, S; Agullo, F; Palladino, H (2008).
261:
3462:Gender-affirming surgery (male-to-female)
1727:
1686:
1532:
1461:
952:Surgical contouring of the gluteal region
676:irrigate the gluteus maximus muscle with
538:, and at the upper- and back-part of the
241:Learn how and when to remove this message
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
2148:"The $ 5,000 quest for the perfect butt"
1989:"Deaths Caused by Gluteal Lipoinjection"
507:), and (ii) the superior portion of the
1286:
759:in the lower portion of the trunk, the
491:, and the upper lateral margins of the
2517:Legal recognition of non-binary gender
471:principally comprises two musclesâthe
252:
487:(the upper edges of the wings of the
7:
1722:(4): 1515â16, author reply 1516â17.
1601:American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery
519:(the butt-crack) which contains the
99:adding citations to reliable sources
1372:Introduction to exercise physiology
1144:(pus enclosed by inflamed tissue),
1138:liposculpture buttocks augmentation
284:
1993:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
1729:10.1097/01.prs.0000305369.21408.92
1716:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
1628:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
1208:(CNS) occurrences of drug-induced
1192:The infiltration of a solution of
1124:(a pocket of clear serous fluid),
25:
848:(MWL) in the course of resolving
479:âwhich are covered by a layer of
325:procedures for the correction of
45:This article has multiple issues.
3414:
2146:Jennings, Rebecca (2021-08-02).
734:Buttocks augmentation treatments
447:Surgical anatomy of the buttocks
177:
75:
34:
747:, which is emplaced under each
550:(L5), and to the bottom of the
467:Anatomically, the mass of each
452:Muscular origins and insertions
86:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
27:Cosmetic and corrective surgery
2815:Cisgender / cissexual
2810:Childhood gender nonconformity
1369:Boone, William Thomas (2014).
1110:surgical buttocks augmentation
808:local tissues, especially the
379:The functional purpose of the
1:
3384:Social construction of gender
864:Buttocks reduction treatments
435:procedure; and for resolving
360:(surgery, liposculpture, and
2864:Gender-sexuality questioning
2005:10.1097/PRS.0000000000001364
1950:10.1097/SAP.0000000000001765
1903:10.1097/SAP.0b013e318206595b
1640:10.1097/PRS.0000000000001167
3452:Plastic surgical procedures
1486:"Butt Augmentation Surgery"
1061:Follow-up and convalescence
1031:) and the vascular system (
415:) to the buttocks muscles (
369:sexual reassignment surgery
203:the claims made and adding
3478:
2799:Androphilia and gynephilia
2507:Gender self-identification
1813:Clinics in Plastic Surgery
1778:Clinics in Plastic Surgery
1613:10.1177/074880688700400206
1043:. Afterwards, the surgeon
3394:
2575:Against non-binary people
2256:Non-binary or genderqueer
1944:(5S Suppl 4): S342âS344.
1938:Annals of Plastic Surgery
1891:Annals of Plastic Surgery
1848:Aesthetic Surgery Journal
1825:10.1016/j.cps.2006.04.002
1790:10.1016/j.cps.2006.05.005
1688:10.1016/j.asj.2007.10.003
1675:Aesthetic Surgery Journal
1570:10.1007/s00266-008-9292-x
1558:Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
1415:10.1007/s00266-004-3130-6
1403:Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
1118:surgical-wound dehiscence
925:Superficial liposculpture
882:superficial liposculpture
650:tuberosity of the ischium
560:tuberosity of the ischium
497:horizontal gluteal crease
383:is to establish a stable
285:
260:
2100:Clinical Trials Database
1860:10.1177/1090820X10394815
1517:10.1088/2516-1091/ab5637
2700:Non-binary People's Day
2580:Against transgender men
2295:
2228:Bissu, Calabai, Calalai
2122:"Surgical fat transfer"
1257:Non-surgical procedures
1104:drugs; and the nervousâ
989:Intra-operative matters
810:connective-tissue layer
793:autologous fat transfer
666:inferior gluteal artery
662:superior gluteal artery
603:greater sciatic foramen
597:(a branch nerve of the
443:of the gluteal region.
397:autologous tissue-flaps
3421:Transgender portal
3374:Sexâgender distinction
2841:Gender detransitioning
2657:Anatomical terminology
2048:Gaber, Yvonne (2004).
1224:Numbness (paresthesia)
1206:central nervous system
1052:Post-operative matters
1041:gluteus maximus muscle
1029:inferior gluteal nerve
1025:superior gluteal nerve
898:gluteus maximus muscle
749:gluteus maximus muscle
706:sacrotuberous ligament
674:inferior gluteal veins
670:superior gluteal veins
646:sacrotuberous ligament
631:sacrotuberous ligament
595:inferior gluteal nerve
528:gluteus maximus muscle
473:gluteus maximus muscle
464:
441:congenital deformities
348:(buttock prosthesis);
110:"Buttock augmentation"
3359:Queer heterosexuality
2879:Rapid-onset dysphoria
2557:Yogyakarta Principles
957:Pre-operative matters
477:gluteus medius muscle
459:
2853:Gender transitioning
2805:Blanchard's typology
2727:fictional characters
2585:Anti-gender movement
2537:Rights organizations
1444:Reid, R. W. (1920).
1202:anaesthetic toxicity
1126:capsular contracture
904:Ultrasonic lipectomy
730:and fat-injection).
381:buttocks musculature
256:Buttock augmentation
95:improve this article
3447:Implants (medicine)
3339:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
2672:LGBTQ-related films
2649:Society and culture
1488:. 14 February 2019.
1353:Buttocks Contouring
1067:surgical contouring
894:intergluteal sulcus
799:harvested from the
777:general anaesthesia
712:Surgical procedures
503:of the thigh bone (
3379:Sexual orientation
2685:Day of Remembrance
1450:Journal of Anatomy
1161:Unmet expectations
947:Surgical technique
876:(with and without
858:gluteal hypoplasia
797:adipose-fat tissue
623:pyramidalis muscle
517:intergluteal cleft
465:
437:congenital defects
352:(fat transfer and
188:possibly contains
3429:
3428:
3325:
3324:
2847:Gender expression
2690:Day of Visibility
2211:Gender identities
2066:10.1159/000077845
1302:acmcasereport.org
1006:Operative matters
979:anaesthesiologist
854:bariatric surgery
781:local anaesthesia
433:bariatric surgery
344:emplacement of a
296:
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251:
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190:original research
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16:(Redirected from
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3442:Cosmetic surgery
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2722:Media portrayals
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2428:Gender dysphoria
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1456:(Pt 4): 271â15.
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1174:Contour problems
838:dermal-fat flaps
739:Gluteal implants
717:Surgical therapy
617:, and (iii) the
536:vertebral column
509:iliotibial tract
481:adipose body fat
289:edit on Wikidata
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2532:Rights movement
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2440:Puberty blocker
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2102:. April 5, 2021
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2037:. 29 July 2017.
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1758:. 14 March 2013
1756:www.drberan.com
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828:Body contouring
822:physiologically
789:
775:, either under
745:gluteal implant
741:
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658:
656:Vascularization
615:perineal branch
591:
548:lumbar vertebra
449:
425:gluteus minimus
417:gluteus maximus
377:
358:body contouring
346:gluteal implant
319:plastic surgery
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3145:2016 bill C-16
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2825:Cross-dressing
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2820:Cisnormativity
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2680:Awareness Week
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2597:Asylum seekers
2594:
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2569:
2567:Discrimination
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2545:bathroom bills
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2087:
2060:(4): 342â344.
2040:
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1979:
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1634:(5): 1381â39.
1618:
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1382:978-1449698188
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862:
836:(subcutaneous
829:
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803:, flanks, and
788:
785:
740:
737:
735:
732:
723:gluteal region
718:
715:
713:
710:
657:
654:
638:implant-pocket
619:femoral branch
611:gluteus branch
590:
587:
493:greater pelvis
454:
453:
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421:gluteus medius
376:
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317:) denotes the
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3273:legal history
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3268:United States
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3230:South Africa
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3037:ancient Egypt
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2906:Transmisogyny
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2899:
2895:
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2889:Transfeminism
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2874:Postgenderism
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2865:
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2848:
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2835:Gender binary
2833:
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1127:
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1087:Complications
1086:
1084:
1082:
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1072:liposculpture
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1000:anaesthetized
997:
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787:Lipoinjection
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604:
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596:
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563:
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540:pelvic cavity
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461:Gluteoplasty:
458:
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268:Gluteoplasty:
264:
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198:
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186:This article
184:
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140:
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129:
126:
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119:
115:
112: â
111:
107:
106:Find sources:
100:
96:
90:
89:
84:This article
82:
78:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
3054:Nazi Germany
2775:
2749:Publications
2667:Christianity
2602:Cisgenderism
2522:Legal status
2512:Legal gender
2484:Legal status
2420:and medicine
2395:
2376:
2369:
2340:
2308:
2280:Third gender
2267:
2233:
2226:
2155:. Retrieved
2151:
2141:
2130:. Retrieved
2128:. 2023-01-26
2125:
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2099:
2090:
2057:
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2029:
1999:(1): 58â66.
1996:
1992:
1982:
1941:
1937:
1927:
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1812:
1806:
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1771:
1760:. Retrieved
1755:
1746:
1719:
1715:
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1681:(1): 70â76.
1678:
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1480:
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1402:
1371:
1364:
1351:
1301:
1289:
1275:Ivo Pitanguy
1272:
1260:
1243:
1227:
1191:
1177:
1164:
1155:
1137:
1109:
1090:
1071:
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742:
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690:
659:
637:
635:
626:
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610:
592:
564:
525:
501:linea aspera
466:
460:
389:gluteoplasty
388:
380:
378:
366:
357:
349:
345:
339:
314:
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306:
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299:Gluteoplasty
298:
297:
267:
237:
219:
210:
187:
157:
148:
138:
131:
124:
117:
105:
93:Please help
88:verification
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
18:Gluteoplasty
3457:Prosthetics
3291: [
3241:South Korea
3211:New Zealand
3158: [
3124: [
3095: [
3059:South Korea
3045: [
2963: [
2936: [
2744:Pornography
2637:trans panic
2433:in children
2418:Health care
2405:Transsexual
2386:Transgender
2360:Trans woman
2316:Mudoko dako
2297:Femminiello
2199:Transgender
2054:Dermatology
1230:paresthesia
1218:epinephrine
1194:anaesthesia
1181:adipose fat
1134:paresthesia
1106:paresthesia
1098:anaesthesic
1077:anaesthetic
1017:epinephrine
975:anaesthesia
932:liposuction
890:anaesthesia
870:liposuction
846:weight loss
757:adipose fat
728:liposuction
704:and to the
613:, (ii) the
589:Innervation
579:deep fascia
575:fascia lata
513:fascia lata
485:iliac crest
409:penetrating
401:liposuction
354:liposuction
323:liposuction
3436:Categories
3194:Tamil Nadu
2917:By country
2830:Deadnaming
2787:Theory and
2764:ice hockey
2607:Inequality
2450:feminizing
2336:Two-spirit
2321:Mukhannath
2290:Faʻafafine
2157:2024-05-31
2132:2024-05-31
1762:2018-09-06
1281:References
1269:Popularity
1246:ultrasonic
1198:tumescence
1167:body-image
1146:cellulitis
1094:body image
971:tumescence
963:body image
918:ultrasonic
886:tumescence
878:ultrasonic
872:, such as
672:, and the
648:, and the
567:trochanter
556:iliac bone
375:Background
327:congenital
197:improve it
151:March 2018
121:newspapers
50:improve it
3307:Political
3219:2017 bill
3215:Pakistan
3179:2014 Bill
3106:Australia
3082:Argentina
3064:Singapore
2997:Singapore
2945:Australia
2933:Argentina
2754:Sexuality
2489:Pregnancy
2472:to female
2397:Akava'ine
2365:Fakaleitī
2355:Trans man
2275:Koekchuch
2241:Cisgender
2235:Burrnesha
2222:Androgyne
1958:1536-3708
1525:2516-1091
1358:eMedicine
1114:infection
1102:tumescent
1081:tumescent
1039:) of the
1013:lidocaine
983:tumescent
874:lipectomy
779:or under
544:hip bones
331:traumatic
277:Specialty
201:verifying
56:talk page
3409:Category
3404:Timeline
3354:Intersex
3330:See also
3288:2018 law
3284:Uruguay
3278:title IX
3261:2004 act
3249:2022 law
3234:2003 Act
3224:2018 Act
3184:2019 Act
3155:2018 law
3121:2016 law
3117:Bolivia
3111:re Kevin
3092:2021 law
3087:2012 law
2955:Cambodia
2789:concepts
2632:killings
2627:genocide
2622:Violence
2541:Toilets
2527:Marriage
2371:Mak nyah
2348:X-gender
2331:Travesti
2106:June 25,
2082:46474822
2074:15178919
2021:25874728
2013:26111314
1974:58566838
1966:30570567
1911:21587056
1868:21317118
1833:16818091
1798:16818093
1738:18349690
1697:19083509
1656:27364316
1648:25919253
1578:19123020
1543:34308105
1472:17103903
1431:12123798
1423:15633021
1263:Sculptra
1100:and the
1037:arterial
910:body fat
900:proper.
761:buttocks
698:inferior
694:superior
678:arterial
573:and the
475:and the
393:surgical
362:Sculptra
342:surgical
335:buttocks
321:and the
315:to shape
311:plassein
301:(Greek
213:May 2017
3399:Outline
3206:Ireland
3169:Germany
2977:Finland
2925:History
2884:Studies
2717:History
2676:Events
2477:to male
2467:Surgery
2378:Rae-rae
2304:Khanith
2269:Kathoey
1876:7238983
1534:8302186
1463:1262878
1240:Outcome
1234:neuroma
1210:anxiety
1152:Dangers
1142:abscess
1045:sutures
996:sedated
850:obesity
834:surgery
814:cannula
801:abdomen
769:sedated
627:fillets
469:buttock
356:); and
303:gloutÏs
195:Please
135:scholar
3344:Gender
3245:Spain
3189:Kerala
3151:Chile
3140:Canada
3135:Brazil
3074:Rights
3042:France
3024:People
2992:Russia
2950:Brazil
2759:Sports
2739:People
2662:BlÄhaj
2612:Prison
2550:unisex
2499:Rights
2342:Winkte
2202:topics
2126:nhs.uk
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2011:
1972:
1964:
1956:
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1196:- and
1132:, and
1122:seroma
1033:venous
840:) and
805:thighs
765:thighs
753:coccyx
702:sacrum
686:sacrum
682:venous
668:, the
664:, the
644:, the
642:sacrum
552:coccyx
532:sacrum
137:
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123:
116:
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3174:India
3162:]
3128:]
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3049:]
3032:China
3012:legal
2982:India
2972:China
2967:]
2960:Chile
2940:]
2894:views
2771:Youth
2712:Flags
2705:LGBTQ
2695:March
2391:Youth
2285:Bakla
2251:Hijra
2078:S2CID
2017:S2CID
1970:S2CID
1915:S2CID
1872:S2CID
1652:S2CID
1582:S2CID
1427:S2CID
1298:(PDF)
967:scars
852:with
583:thigh
577:(the
571:femur
505:femur
489:ilium
429:obese
413:blast
405:blunt
287:[
142:JSTOR
128:books
3364:LGBT
3201:Iran
2987:Iran
2777:more
2732:film
2326:Muxe
2310:MÄhĆ«
2108:2023
2070:PMID
2009:PMID
1962:PMID
1954:ISSN
1907:PMID
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1829:PMID
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1693:PMID
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1419:PMID
1377:ISBN
1079:and
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973:and
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818:scar
763:and
680:and
660:The
526:The
521:anus
439:and
385:gait
307:rump
114:news
3369:Sex
2460:DIY
2152:Vox
2062:doi
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2001:doi
1997:136
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