31:
119:, respectively. Typically, E-series glycol ethers are found in pharmaceuticals, sunscreens, cosmetics, inks, dyes and water-based paints, while P-series glycol ethers are used in degreasers, cleaners, aerosol paints and adhesives. Both E- and P-series glycol ethers can be used as intermediates that undergo further chemical reactions, producing glycol diethers and glycol ether acetates. P-series glycol ethers are marketed as having lower toxicity than the E-series.
133:
225:
929:
891:
Union
Carbide later registered "Cellosolve" as a trademark for "ETHYL SILICATES FOR USE AS BINDERS IN INVESTMENT CASTINGS AND IN ZINC-RICH PRIMERS" (Reg. Number 1019768, September 9, 1975), but allowed it to
237:
In the early 1990s, studies found higher than expected rates of miscarriages among women who worked in semiconductor plants, which was traced back to glycol ethers used in the photoresist substances that coat
143:
928:
Nicola Cherry; Harry Moore; Roseanne McNamee; Allan Pacey; Gary
Burgess; Julie-Ann Clyma; Martin Dippnall; Helen Baillie; Andrew Povey (2008).
970:
868:
100:
34:
87:) for "Solvents for Gums, Resins, Cellulose Esters, and the Like". "Ethyl Cellosolve" or simply "Cellosolve" consists mainly of
96:
88:
67:
and cleaners. They have good solvent properties while having higher boiling points than the lower-molecular-weight ethers and
584:
903:
204:
641:
451:
176:
1003:
827:
151:
183:
472:
83:" was registered in 1924 as a United States trademark by Carbide & Carbon Chemicals Corporation (a division of
162:
147:
540:
504:
635:, also used as a solvent for polysaccharides, a reagent in organometallic chemistry and in some electrolytes of
190:
736:
790:
998:
172:
338:
761:
422:
309:
971:"Letter to the editor on a recent publication titled "Occupation and male infertility: glycol ethers"
677:
68:
30:
951:
874:
864:
941:
589:
397:
263:
60:
197:
978:
636:
632:
602:
364:
284:
116:
56:
234:
Most glycol ethers are water-soluble, biodegradable and only a few are considered toxic.
394:
OH), a widely used solvent in paintings and surface coatings, cleaning products and inks
245:
One study suggests that occupational exposure to glycol ethers is related to low motile
246:
239:
112:
992:
628:
92:
84:
847:
946:
878:
17:
955:
861:
A history of lactic acid making: a chapter in the history of biotechnology
111:
Glycol ethers are designated "E-series" or "P-series" for those made from
161:
if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
52:
930:"Occupation and male infertility: glycol ethers and other exposures"
64:
48:
45:
29:
592:
a polyethylene glycol ether used as an emulsifier in cosmetics
126:
904:"The fight to clean up the toxic legacy of semiconductors"
91:
and was introduced as a lower-cost solvent alternative to
863:. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers. p. 251.
158:
507:(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol, carbitol cellosolve, CH
99:) was introduced in 1928, and "Methyl Cellosolve" (
475:(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol, methyl carbitol, CH
44:are a class of chemical compounds consisting of
249:, a finding disputed by the chemical industry.
543:(2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, butyl carbitol, CH
157:Please review the contents of the section and
8:
969:Peter J Boogaard; Gerard M H Swaen (2008).
848:History - Union Carbide Company (Year 1920)
945:
63:. They are commonly used as solvents in
840:
791:Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate
762:Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate
828:Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate
7:
737:Ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate
541:Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether
627:), a higher boiling alternative to
339:Ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether
473:Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
25:
505:Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
423:Ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether
398:Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether
310:Ethylene glycol monopropyl ether
264:Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether
223:
131:
101:ethylene glycol monomethyl ether
35:Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether
365:Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
285:Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether
97:ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
89:ethylene glycol monoethyl ether
902:Calma, Justine (Dec 8, 2023).
830:(1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate)
603:Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
585:Dipropyleneglycol methyl ether
159:add the appropriate references
1:
678:Ethylene glycol dibutyl ether
642:Ethylene glycol diethyl ether
452:Propylene glycol methyl ether
739:(2-methoxyethyl acetate, CH
454:, (1-methoxy-2-propanol, CH
144:reliable medical references
27:Class of chemical compounds
1020:
793:(2-butoxyethyl acetate, CH
764:(2-ethoxyethyl acetate, CH
341:(2-isopropoxyethanol, (CH
150:or relies too heavily on
85:Union Carbide Corporation
947:10.1136/oem.2007.035824
425:(2-benzyloxyethanol, C
95:. "Butyl Cellosolve" (
38:
859:Benninga, H. (1990).
312:(2-propoxyethanol, CH
266:(2-methoxyethanol, CH
33:
605:(dimethoxyethane, CH
400:(2-phenoxyethanol, C
367:(2-butoxyethanol, CH
287:(2-ethoxyethanol, CH
1004:Commodity chemicals
975:Occup. Environ. Med
934:Occup. Environ. Med
680:(dibutoxyethane, CH
644:(diethoxyethane, CH
51:that are based on
39:
637:lithium batteries
232:
231:
208:
16:(Redirected from
1011:
983:
982:
977:. Archived from
966:
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925:
919:
918:
916:
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590:C12-15 pareth-12
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166:
135:
134:
127:
61:propylene glycol
37:, a glycol ether
21:
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1008:
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987:
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940:(10): 708–714.
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173:"Glycol ethers"
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152:primary sources
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125:
117:propylene oxide
109:
77:
57:ethylene glycol
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1007:
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981:on 2011-07-24.
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597:Dialkyl ethers
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240:semiconductors
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123:Health impacts
121:
113:ethylene oxide
108:
105:
76:
73:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1016:
1005:
1002:
1000:
999:Glycol ethers
997:
996:
994:
980:
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953:
948:
943:
939:
935:
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870:0-7923-0625-2
866:
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852:
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841:
834:
829:
826:
811:
792:
789:
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738:
735:
734:
730:
709:
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679:
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665:
654:
643:
640:
638:
634:
630:
629:diethyl ether
622:
611:
604:
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588:
586:
583:
572:
561:
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528:
517:
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217:
214:February 2024
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185:
182:
178:
175: –
174:
170:
169:Find sources:
164:
160:
154:
153:
149:
145:
140:This section
138:
129:
128:
122:
120:
118:
114:
106:
104:
102:
98:
94:
93:ethyl lactate
90:
86:
82:
74:
72:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:
43:
42:Glycol ethers
36:
32:
19:
979:the original
974:
964:
937:
933:
923:
911:. Retrieved
907:
897:
887:
860:
854:
843:
809:
772:
743:
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570:
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233:
211:
201:
194:
187:
180:
168:
148:verification
141:
110:
80:
78:
41:
40:
18:Glycol ether
247:sperm count
142:needs more
103:) in 1929.
993:Categories
835:References
253:Subclasses
184:newspapers
81:Cellosolve
79:The name "
913:5 January
908:The Verge
956:18417551
879:20852966
465:CH(OH)CH
258:Solvents
69:alcohols
55:such as
892:expire.
198:scholar
163:removed
75:History
53:glycols
954:
877:
867:
731:Esters
200:
193:
186:
179:
171:
65:paints
49:ethers
820:OCOCH
783:OCOCH
754:OCOCH
205:JSTOR
191:books
107:Types
46:alkyl
952:PMID
915:2024
875:OCLC
865:ISBN
631:and
177:news
146:for
942:doi
633:THF
581:OH)
537:OH)
501:OH)
448:OH)
419:OH)
361:OH)
335:OH)
306:OH)
281:OH)
115:or
59:or
995::
973:.
950:.
938:65
936:.
932:.
906:.
873:.
816:CH
812:CH
805:CH
801:CH
797:CH
779:CH
775:CH
768:CH
750:CH
746:CH
722:CH
718:CH
714:CH
710:CH
703:CH
699:CH
692:CH
688:CH
684:CH
670:CH
666:CH
659:CH
655:CH
648:CH
623:CH
616:CH
612:CH
577:CH
573:CH
566:CH
562:CH
555:CH
551:CH
547:CH
533:CH
529:CH
522:CH
518:CH
511:CH
497:CH
493:CH
486:CH
482:CH
461:CH
444:CH
440:CH
433:CH
415:CH
411:CH
390:CH
386:CH
379:CH
375:CH
371:CH
357:CH
353:CH
349:CH
331:CH
327:CH
320:CH
316:CH
302:CH
298:CH
291:CH
277:CH
273:CH
242:.
165:.
71:.
958:.
944::
917:.
881:.
824:)
822:3
818:2
814:2
810:O
807:2
803:2
799:2
795:3
787:)
785:3
781:2
777:2
773:O
770:2
766:3
758:)
756:3
752:2
748:2
744:O
741:3
726:)
724:3
720:2
716:2
712:2
708:O
705:2
701:2
697:O
694:2
690:2
686:2
682:3
674:)
672:3
668:2
664:O
661:2
657:2
653:O
650:2
646:3
625:3
621:O
618:2
614:2
610:O
607:3
579:2
575:2
571:O
568:2
564:2
560:O
557:2
553:2
549:2
545:3
535:2
531:2
527:O
524:2
520:2
516:O
513:2
509:3
499:2
495:2
491:O
488:2
484:2
480:O
477:3
469:)
467:3
463:2
459:O
456:3
446:2
442:2
438:O
435:2
431:5
429:H
427:6
417:2
413:2
409:O
406:5
404:H
402:6
392:2
388:2
384:O
381:2
377:2
373:2
369:3
359:2
355:2
351:O
347:2
345:)
343:3
333:2
329:2
325:O
322:2
318:2
314:3
304:2
300:2
296:O
293:2
289:3
279:2
275:2
271:O
268:3
216:)
212:(
202:·
195:·
188:·
181:·
155:.
20:)
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