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acquiring an ivory-like patina. The diameter of the stones is standardized to around 22 mm ±1 mm, which can fit almost all Go boards. Black stones are slightly larger in diameter to compensate for optical illusion of the white stones appearing larger when placed with black stones of the same diameter. This mostly applies to Korean and
Japanese stones – Chinese stones tend to be sometimes larger in diameter, but they do come in different standard sizes. A Chinese "large" size is about 23 mm in diameter while "medium" is about 22 mm. Chinese board dimensions are also accordingly larger to accommodate them. See also some comparative measurements of various go stone sets.
1035:(shako in Japanese) shell, as well as a clam shell that has a slight purple tint. Clamshell stones are cut as cylinders using a diamond coring drill, then professionally ground, sanded, shaped, and polished into the final product. Shell and slate stones are natural products that provide the ultimate in Go stone aesthetics, and even the lowest grade are far more expensive than the common plastic, glass, and ceramic stones. The price for a set of shell and slate stones ranges from US$ 200 to over $ 5,000 according to grade, with thicker stones costing progressively more, especially within the Yuki grade.
787:
463:, is the playing surface on which to place the stones. The standard board is marked with a 19×19 grid. Smaller boards include a 13×13 grid and a 9×9 grid used for shorter games that are often used to teach beginners. Some 19×19 boards have a 13×13 grid on the reverse side. 17×17 was used in historical times. Chinese boards are generally square; Japanese and Korean boards are slightly longer than wide, so that they
1063:
36:
838:. These boards are still used for important tournament games in Asia. Chinese versions of floor boards are not always made from blocks of wood, and more closely resemble a small table with an inlaid go board. The legs raise the board to the correct height. The board can range from 14 to 30 cm high. The thickest boards are the most elegant. The undersides often have a square recesses (
441:
1141:
thumb naturally spread outwards). With a little practice a stone can be placed gracefully and forcefully and with a big click. The keys to a loud click are the force of the middle finger and the late release of the stone. Once the stone has been placed, the middle finger and hand slowly lifts off the stone (trying to avoid wobbling the stone) and gently retreats back to the player.
151:
970:
and slate Go stone thicknesses are size 32 (8.8 mm) and size 33 (9.2 mm) for most individuals and size 36 (10.1 mm) for professionals. Stones thicker than 10.1 mm are difficult to place on the board, while many Go players prefer stones that are 8.8 and 9.2 mm thick, considering these the optimum thickness for aesthetic and practical reasons.
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896:
2624:
1270:
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For the most expensive clamshell and slate Go stones, stone thickness is carefully controlled and ranked according to size. Typical stone sizes are size 25 (7.0 mm thick) to size 37 (10.4 mm), and even thicker stones are available for a correspondingly much higher price. Commonly used shell
795:
Wooden boards, one to two inches thick, are commonly used. They are known as "table boards" because they are placed on tables (compare "floor board" below.) The wood grain is pleasing to the eye, and the stones make a nice sound when placed firmly on the board. Portable boards can be made with hinges
924:
The
Chinese style stones are normally flat underneath and convex on top. This style is less common outside of China. Flat bottom stones can be useful for post-game analysis; by placing stones upside down, players can easily keep track of which stones were part of the original game. However, they are
1140:
are brushed up to avoid knocking stones already played. To place the stone on the board, as soon as the fingertip of index finger is about to reach the surface of the board, it slips to the side, allowing the middle finger to aim the stone down towards the surface and connect (the other fingers and
1125:
When not making a move, one should leave one's stones in the bowl. During the opponent's turn, it is considered rude for players to rattle stones in the bowl. It is also considered improper to hold a handful of stones. The "correct" procedure is to decide upon one's move, then remove one stone from
1046:
Yuki 雪 (snow-grade) are stones with a uniform, fine, straight grain across the stone, with many fine stripes covering at least 80% of the stone. They are cut from near the edge of the shell. These are considered the best by
Japanese tastes, and are the most expensive, considering it is difficult to
981:
One specific type of plastic stone is called the Ing stone, manufactured by the Ing Chang-ki Wei-chi
Education Foundation. These are the official stones of the Ing Foundation and have some extra weight to them due to metal inserted in the middle of the stone. They are 10 mm thick and sometimes
1257:
The bowls of highest quality and price are traditionally used only for the best shell and slate stones, of Yuki (snow-grade) quality. Lesser quality wood bowls likewise are used for
Jitsuyo (standard-grade) and Tsuki (moon-grade) shell and slate stones, and glass stones are traditionally stored in
1009:
Glass stones are the most widely used and most economical. They range from thinner flat-bottomed style, to a symmetrical lens shape. Glass stones have the correct weight and can be grasped with ease. White stones are polished and black ones are buffed to a matte finish, giving a feel somewhat like
1186:
A bowl's lid is usually rather loose and not tightly fit. A player traditionally places the lid upside down next to the open bowl and keeps stones there that they have captured from the opponent. The lid is placed so it's easily visible by the opponent, so each player knows how many prisoners the
1161:
Standard care of stones (of any variety except slate and clamshell) generally involves washing stones in soapy water to remove oils and chalk by-products from their manufacture or storage protection. New clamshell stones don't require cleaning, while new slate stones should be cleaned of excess
1144:
Although it is permissible to place one's stone at times with a loud, satisfying "thwack", one who does so with every move would be considered crude or vulgar. For instance, when submitting to an opponent's threat, a quiet placement is more in keeping with circumstances; probing moves or clever
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Stone thickness can also vary, from as low as 4 millimeters or as high as 12.8 millimeters, with most between 7.0 mm and 10.1 mm for biconvex and 5–7 mm for single convex. Thick slate and shell stones can last for generations, slowly becoming thinner from handling, and gradually
1112:
are delicately made with a jade-like luster yet are neither brittle nor slippery. The black and white pieces each have their special qualities. The white pieces are opaque with a tint of yellow or green. The black pieces are dark, and when held to the light a translucent green hue. With new
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are the containers for the stones. Although not strictly needed to play Go, bowls nevertheless play an important role in storing the stones, and captured stones can be placed on the lids. Bowls are identical, with one holding the white stones and one holding the black stones.
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Not all bowls can fit a full set of stones. Most can only hold stones with a thickness of up to 10 mm. Larger and more expensive bowls hold stones of thickness of up to 12 mm since one would buy thicker and more expensive stones to match the quality of the bowl.
1026:. Due to a single clam shell yielding only a limited number of stones (around three), white stones are expensive to produce. The clamshells used to make the white stones used to be farmed from Japan, but since the supply is dwindling, most clamshells are harvested from
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Boards that comprise fabric, paper, or plastic may be rolled into a tube and easily carried along with stones to make a portable set. Some materials hold strongly onto the warp though and need to be weighted at the corners to make the board usable when
773:
Economical boards comprise paper, plastic, or laminate, which can easily be folded away and stored. They are often used by beginners or for when one does not have a proper set available. A board can be hand-drawn on a stiff piece of cardboard for the
887:, and prolonged exposure to sunlight can bleach the board. Boards transported between climates with significantly differing humidity levels may be subjected to warping or cracking due to rapidly changing moisture content in the wood.
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Magnetic sets are also available, which comprise metal boards and stones that include magnets. They are useful for traveling. Large magnetic boards are also available for demonstration purposes, during lectures and other
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also makes for a nice, low-cost bowl. The bowl can be polished. The best bowls are carved from a single piece of wood with the grain highlighted. Such bowls range in price from $ 50 to thousands of dollars.
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Tsuki 月 (moon-grade) are stones with a finer grain pattern, with more and thinner stripes covering about 70% of the stone. They are cut around the middle of the shell. These are considered the 'in-between'
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in Mexico. These stones have three grades, depending on the stripe or grain pattern of the white stones. All grades use the same uniform black slate stones. Shell stones may also rarely be made out of the
1162:
mineral oil with a cotton cloth. Go players minimize impact during gameplay, and store stones away from sunlight and heat, sometimes placing a soft cloth in the bottom of the bowl to minimize chipping.
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traditionally applies to stones made of this material but is also used to refer to any stones of typical
Chinese dimensions (slightly larger than Japanese stones) which are convex on only one side.
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when viewed from a normal playing position. In Asian Go parlors, the tables are slightly lower than the typical game table so that the players can clearly see the positions of the stones.
1108:; however, in the late 1960s, it was rediscovered by the now state-managed Yunzi Company. The firm claims their stones have the advantage of a pleasant sound when placed on the board.
1133:-style with the index and middle fingers, holding the stone between the index fingernail and the middle fingertip. The fingers extend almost straight, and the thumb is not tucked in.
1039:
Jitsuyo 実用 (practical, standard, or utility-grade) are stones with a coarse grain across the stone, with 7 or 8 wide stripes. The stones are cut near the joint of the shell.
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862:(grain is straight along the cut end as well as on top.) Prices of kaya boards range from US$ 1,000 to $ 20,000 plus. Traditional boards made of other woods, such as
1047:
cut a stone with a great deal of thickness since the edge of the shell is mostly thin. The price ranges from $ 200 to over $ 35,000, the thicker stones costing more.
1145:
responses may be slid slyly into place. The ability to express oneself in the manner of making a move explains why one of the names for the game is "hand talk" ("
914:, are round objects placed on the board. They are colored either black or white and normally number 181 for black and 180 for white (or sometimes 180 for each).
830:
A wooden floor board with legs is the most traditional, elegant, and expensive of all boards. Historically, to play on these boards, the
Japanese would sit on
1010:
slate and clam stones. Price ranges from US$ 15 to $ 80 for glass stones with bowls. Glass 'gems' at an arts and crafts store are an inexpensive alternative.
1129:
When removing a stone from its bowl to make a move, place a flat hand on the edge of the bowl, with the fingers gently entering the bowl. Pick up a stone
827:
boards. The tensile strength of bamboo is comparable to that of steel making it very durable but also heavier than other wooden boards of the same size.
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Generally, these are the cheapest stones available. They range from flat, counter shaped to the typical lens shape. Price ranges from around $ 5–$ 30.
819:, that has a light color with a fine grain that does not compete with the grid lines is considered most suitable. The most valued boards are made from
401:. The quality and materials used in making Go equipment varies considerably, and the cost varies accordingly from economical to extremely expensive.
1197:: Very cheap, they can be cylinder shaped or square shaped. The price is around US$ 5. Quart size plastic food storage containers can also be used.
879:
Wooden boards subjected to excessive humidity or a large variation of humidity or temperature may be affected by discoloration, warping, cracking,
842:) to prevent warping and to amplify the sounds of the stones hitting the surface. These are classified according to the quality of the wood grain.
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come in an Ing Bowl, which is specially designed to count them (Ing rules require each player to start with exactly 180 stones).
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or slots. Some have grids on the reverse. Boards have been made from almost every type of wood, which includes
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the bowl and place it on the board. This produces the minimal amount of distraction for one's opponent.
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The
Japanese and Korean style, which is lens shaped (i.e. biconvex). This is the most popular style.
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refers to the board, stones (playing pieces), and bowls for the stones required to play the game of
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1203:: Mostly used by the Chinese. They are made of woven straw. The price is around US$ 10–25.
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93:
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The oldest known surviving Go equipment is a board carved from rock that dates from the
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858:(the top grain is straight, but grain along the cut end is curved), and most-prized
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1421:
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35:
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1939:
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2019:
1934:
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1018:
These are usually the most expensive material. The black stones are made of
938:
835:
440:
398:
142:
1893:
850:
refers to consistent grain that runs straight across the top of the board.
220:
150:
1170:
2419:
2234:
2039:
1916:
1242:
1234:
993:
used in making countertops and other kitchenware and is considered safe.
880:
17:
2332:
2113:
2024:
1975:
1959:
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930:
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233:
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1968:
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212:
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1269:
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2424:
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is one of the most striking and expensive. Intermediate woods are
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1019:
954:
946:
934:
894:
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439:
422:
418:
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945:, but the traditional Japanese and Korean stones are made out of
417:. Other examples of ancient equipment can be found in museums in
2606:
1210:
1206:
950:
1439:
1117:
stones can now be made pure white without any discolorations.
29:
766:(1 inch = 25.4 mm; 1 shaku = 100 bu = 303 mm)
1187:
opponent has that have been removed from the playing board.
790:
A typical folding board, with Go bowls and stones next to it
1431:
How to choose a Go set. Advices from professional Go player
1209:: The most common material used to make bowls. The type of
1085:(resulting in the slightly yellow-green hue of traditional
1357:"Comparative measurements of go stones - Go Discussions"
1190:
The Go bowl can be made of several different materials.
953:
for white. Chinese style stones can be made of glass or
1081:
a trade-secret mixture of mineral compounds including
1435:
1375:"How to hold and play a go stone at Sensei's Library"
1258:
the least expensive wood bowls or in plastic bowls.
925:
harder to pick up when clearing them from the board.
444:
An empty Go board, with the 19×19 intersecting lines
2558:
2435:
2313:
2192:
2134:
2077:
1986:
1848:
1570:
1505:
1475:
1001:Porcelain is the least common material for stones.
870:, or katsura are cheaper, starting at around $ 200.
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
929:The material varies. Some stones are made out of
1422:Making Your Own Equipment and taking care of it
1174:Wooden Go bowls on a Japanese-style floor board
823:, which is a mellow yellow. Also available are
908:
813:
755:
723:
691:
659:
627:
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559:
523:
453:
1451:
769:Go boards fall into several types or styles.
375:
8:
1136:When placing the stone, take care that long
1066:Double convex yunzi stones and woven baskets
1458:
1444:
1436:
1073:is a style of stone first produced in the
917:There are two styles or shapes of stones:
382:
368:
149:
133:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
476:
1332:Go, A Complete Introduction to the Game
1299:
1022:, while the white stones are made from
327:
279:
243:
157:
141:
834:mats. The legs are carved to resemble
1213:used affects the price considerably.
846:refers to a bent or irregular grain;
7:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2550:Taiwan Chi Yuan Culture Foundation
25:
1393:"Woods Used in Japanese Go Bowls"
854:boards are further classified as
2622:
1413:Buying Go Equipment and Supplies
1268:
34:
2503:All Japan Student Go Federation
1237:. Cheaper ones are made out of
1100:was lost in the 1920s when the
474:usually follow the dimensions:
45:needs additional citations for
2580:Games played with Go equipment
1359:. 25 July 2011. Archived from
1335:. Kiseido Publishing Company.
1284:Games played with Go equipment
1:
1395:. 8 July 2011. Archived from
985:Stones can also be made from
2545:Singapore Weiqi Association
2490:International Go Federation
2676:
2257:Long Ode to Watching Weiqi
1514:
1055:
1014:Slate and clamshell stones
701:Star point marker diameter
2617:
2468:Chinese Weiqi Association
2450:Australian Go Association
909:
814:
756:
724:
692:
660:
628:
596:
560:
524:
454:
448:The Go board, called the
328:Computers and mathematics
280:Players and organizations
27:Game equipment used in go
2535:Mind Sports Organisation
2473:Hong Kong Go Association
2184:Lee's broken ladder game
2062:Nihon Ki-in Hall of Fame
637:Line spacing length-wise
356:AlphaGo versus Lee Sedol
2523:Korea Baduk Association
2485:French Federation of Go
2445:American Go Association
2400:Monte Carlo tree search
2174:The Game of the Century
1417:American Go Association
605:Line spacing width-wise
224:(corner-based openings)
2540:New Zealand Go Society
2480:European Go Federation
2455:British Go Association
2215:The Girl Who Played Go
2069:Professional handicaps
1175:
1096:The process of making
1067:
900:
791:
445:
216:(whole-board openings)
2154:AlphaGo vs. Lee Sedol
1308:"The Bamboo Solution"
1221:(karin in Japanese),
1173:
1065:
898:
789:
470:Traditional Japanese
443:
2495:Irish Go Association
2297:The Surrounding Game
1850:Strategy and tactics
1329:Chikun, Cho (1997).
1318:on 12 February 2010.
193:Strategy and tactics
54:improve this article
2395:Future of Go Summit
2323:Computer Go UEC Cup
2164:Blood-vomiting game
2144:AlphaGo vs. Fan Hui
989:. This is a stable
351:Internet Go servers
244:History and culture
137:Part of a series on
2585:Go and mathematics
2566:Benson's algorithm
2528:Myongji University
2169:Ear-reddening game
2149:AlphaGo vs. Ke Jie
2004:Dunhuang Go Manual
1176:
1089:stones). The term
1068:
901:
792:
446:
336:Go and mathematics
2642:
2641:
2405:Smart Game Format
2136:Games and matches
2090:Ranks and ratings
1342:978-4-906574-50-6
1157:Stone maintenance
1102:Chinese Civil War
774:super-economical.
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763:
392:
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305:Ranks and ratings
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16:(Redirected from
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2627:
2626:
2284:Sensei's Library
2271:The Master of Go
2179:Kamakura jubango
2159:Atomic bomb game
2052:European players
1460:
1453:
1446:
1437:
1426:Sensei's Library
1401:
1400:
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1383:
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1371:
1365:
1364:
1363:on 25 July 2011.
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1326:
1320:
1319:
1314:. Archived from
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1149:" in Japanese, "
997:Porcelain stones
961:Stone dimensions
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800:with or without
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2304:The Weiqi Devil
2208:The Divine Move
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2109:Honorary titles
2085:Go professional
2073:
2035:Oskar Korschelt
1997:Classic of Arts
1982:
1844:
1594:Board positions
1566:
1501:
1471:
1464:
1409:
1404:
1399:on 8 July 2011.
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1379:senseis.xmp.net
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1153:" in Chinese).
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1121:Stone etiquette
1106:Yunnan Province
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1028:Baja California
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899:Glass Go stones
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1930:Life and death
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987:Melamine resin
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949:for black and
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875:Care of boards
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864:Alaskan spruce
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798:particle board
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782:presentations.
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733:Stone diameter
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158:Game specifics
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69:"Go equipment"
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2571:Game record (
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2415:KGS Go Server
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465:appear square
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315:Organizations
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310:Professionals
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272:List of games
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188:List of terms
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110:December 2023
102:
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81:
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74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2655:Go equipment
2595:
2572:
2508:Kansai Ki-in
2463:China Qiyuan
2343:AlphaGo Zero
2303:
2296:
2289:
2277:
2270:
2262:
2256:
2249:
2243:Hikaru no Go
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
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2207:
2200:
2114:
2100:
2040:
2003:
1996:
1976:
1969:
1960:
1917:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1880:
1863:
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1826:
1821:Shoulder hit
1809:
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1506:
1490:
1466:
1397:the original
1387:
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1361:the original
1351:
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1316:the original
1311:
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1128:
1124:
1114:
1113:technology,
1109:
1097:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1077:in China by
1075:Tang dynasty
1070:
1069:
1052:Yunzi stones
1017:
1008:
1005:Glass stones
1000:
984:
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977:
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719:
687:
655:
623:
591:
555:
533:Board length
517:
471:
469:
449:
447:
432:
408:
395:Go equipment
394:
393:
320:Competitions
256:
237:(Go puzzles)
232:
219:
211:
176:professional
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2513:Nihon Ki-in
2353:Crazy Stone
2126:Tournaments
2078:Competition
2010:Emperor Yao
1740:Monkey jump
1710:Korigatachi
1606:Divine move
495:Board width
411:Han dynasty
346:Go software
341:Computer Go
2649:Categories
2602:Capture go
2383:Leela Zero
2358:Darkforest
2264:The MANIAC
1881:Shinfuseki
1295:References
1104:spread to
1033:giant clam
1024:clamshells
860:tenchimasa
80:newspapers
2348:AlphaZero
2315:Computers
2030:9 Pin Zhi
2020:Four arts
1935:Mirror Go
1875:Kobayashi
1833:Thickness
1548:Clamshell
1507:Equipment
1485:Handicaps
1289:Go (game)
1276:Go portal
1131:chopstick
1079:sintering
951:clamshell
939:porcelain
836:gardenias
778:unrolled.
429:Equipment
257:Equipment
171:Handicaps
2634:Category
2590:Variants
2420:Pandanet
2363:Fine Art
2236:Go World
2041:Oshirogo
1945:Proverbs
1477:Overview
1312:Discover
1262:See also
1243:chestnut
1235:rosewood
1215:Mulberry
1043:quality.
991:compound
881:woodworm
461:Japanese
293:European
262:Variants
206:strategy
183:Proverbs
18:Go board
2410:Servers
2333:AlphaGo
2328:Engines
2290:Shibumi
2201:AlphaGo
2115:Jubango
2047:Players
2025:Hoensha
1988:History
1977:Tsumego
1961:Ponnuki
1887:Shusaku
1870:Chinese
1774:Myoushu
1753:Myoushu
1728:Liberty
1689:Kikashi
1611:Double
1528:Katsura
1195:Plastic
1151:shoutan
1138:sleeves
931:plastic
905:go-ishi
868:Agathis
856:tenmasa
810:katsura
743:⁄
711:⁄
679:⁄
647:⁄
615:⁄
583:⁄
547:⁄
509:⁄
405:History
288:Players
252:History
234:Tsumego
198:Opening
94:scholar
2519:Korea
2499:Japan
2459:China
2373:KataGo
2368:GNU Go
1970:Tenuki
1925:Ladder
1909:Taisha
1902:Nadare
1895:Jōseki
1864:Fuseki
1827:Tesuji
1796:Sabaki
1785:Pincer
1760:Nakade
1723:Ladder
1717:Kosumi
1668:Kakari
1661:Joseki
1647:Hayago
1633:tenuki
1543:Stones
1339:
1247:Bamboo
1233:, and
1231:keyaki
1227:cherry
1219:quince
1147:shudan
943:marble
891:Stones
852:Masame
848:masame
832:tatami
825:bamboo
806:spruce
802:veneer
298:Female
221:Jōseki
213:Fuseki
202:theory
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2596:Batoo
2559:Other
2425:Tygem
2378:Leela
2278:Ranka
1950:Shape
1920:fight
1816:Shape
1810:Sente
1790:Probe
1767:Nerai
1675:Keima
1629:sente
1588:Atari
1572:Terms
1559:Yunzi
1553:Slate
1521:Goban
1515:Bowls
1497:Rules
1239:beech
1201:Straw
1180:go-ke
1166:Bowls
1115:yunzi
1110:Yunzi
1098:yunzi
1091:yunzi
1087:yunzi
1083:agate
1071:Yunzi
1058:Yunzi
1020:slate
955:yunzi
947:slate
935:glass
910:碁石,棋子
883:, or
844:Itame
654:7.82
622:7.26
592:shaku
572:151.5
556:shaku
536:454.5
519:shaku
498:424.2
472:goban
450:goban
436:Board
423:Korea
419:Japan
415:China
166:Rules
101:JSTOR
87:books
2607:Sygo
2573:kifu
1839:Yose
1803:Seki
1780:Peep
1746:Moyo
1734:Miai
1703:Komi
1682:Kiai
1654:Jigo
1640:Hane
1631:and
1625:Gote
1619:Eyes
1613:hane
1600:Dame
1535:Kaya
1491:Komi
1337:ISBN
1223:kaya
1211:wood
1207:Wood
885:mold
840:heso
821:kaya
750:7.5
736:22.5
718:1.2
686:0.3
640:23.7
590:0.5
554:1.5
516:1.4
485:inch
421:and
73:news
2388:Zen
2101:Kyū
2095:Dan
1581:Aji
1241:or
941:or
808:or
459:in
413:in
56:by
2651::
1918:Ko
1696:Ko
1627:,
1468:Go
1424:,
1415:,
1377:.
1310:.
1245:.
1229:,
1225:,
957:.
937:,
933:,
866:,
752:bu
745:32
741:29
720:bu
713:32
688:bu
681:32
656:bu
649:16
645:15
624:bu
608:22
585:32
581:31
549:32
545:29
540:17
511:32
507:23
502:16
482:mm
455:碁盤
425:.
399:Go
204:;
143:Go
2575:)
1459:e
1452:t
1445:v
1381:.
1345:.
815:桂
757:分
725:分
709:5
704:4
693:分
677:1
672:1
661:分
629:分
617:8
613:7
597:尺
578:+
576:5
561:尺
542:+
525:尺
504:+
383:e
376:t
369:v
208:)
200:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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