390:, to be given the high position of Duke over the northern or "lower" part of the old "Middle kingdom" of Lotharingia, or Lorraine. However his family continued to be granted these positions for several generations, and female members of the family were married to several of the main comital families of the region. This included the descendants of his enemy the count of Leuven, who eventually came to be Dukes themselves. The family's other great rivals, their cousins in the Luxembourg branch of the House of Ardenne, continued to be rivals for the Dukedom. Within a few generations of Godfrey the single Dukedom of Lower Lorraine was replaced by two distinct Dukedoms of Leuven and Limbourg-sur-Vesdre, neither of which had the same imperial function as the old position.
22:
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In 1017 Godfrey defeated Count
Gerhard, who had been a close ally of Lambert, in a battle which apparently began as a judicial duel, although the chronicle of the bishops of Cambrai suggests that this battle was originally planned by Gerhard as a surprise attack. Gerhard's son Siegfried was captured
367:, on 12 September 1015, Godfrey defeated Count Lambert and his nephew Regnier V, the count of Hainaut, killing Lambert and forcing Regnier to make peace. Godfrey's cousin the bishop of Cambrai, Gerard, reluctantly gave permission for Herman's daughter to marry Regnier, in the interests of peace.
263:, were loyal to Henry II, whose reign was troubled by a disputed succession and factional conflict. As a result Godfrey, like his father, is remembered for his role in leading military missions against the magnates of his own region, including
341:. For this reason, the emperor Henry II held Lambert's son hostage. The entry of Flanders into Lotharingia was a major turning point, balancing the power of the House of Ardenne, and giving Lambert and his own family a new long-run ally.
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and later died. Also with
Gerhard was the future king Conrad II, the son of Count Gerhard's sister Adelaide of Metz, who Dietmar says was injured. In 1018, Godfrey and Gerhard were forced to make peace by the emperor.
283:, were arousing rebellions against the status quo. Gerhard was married to a sister of Cunigunde, and another sister was the mother of Dirk III. Her brothers were rebels in several parts of the empire: Count
279:. Seen by chroniclers as rebels, these men had powerful allies. The chronicle of the bishops of Cambrai, in its entry for 1017, openly complains that the sisters of Henry II's own wife,
39:
1317:
de Waha, Michel (2000), "Filii
Ragineri in terra patrum suorum relocati sunt. Pouvoir, opposition et intégration dans le Hainaut du Xème siècle", in Billen, Claire (ed.),
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360:. He was soon released due to the negotiations on his behalf by Robert's mother Ermengarde, who achieved imperial forgiveness for Robert in return.
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went to another brother, Frederick. It was Gozelo who became the duke of both Lower and Upper
Lorraine after the death of Godfrey the childless.
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Also complicating the conflicts of Lower
Lotharingia was the continuing involvement of French magnates in the west of the region, especially the
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river, but the
Flemish counts became lords on both sides of the river during this period. Under Godfrey, two of his brothers were placed as
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Hainaut et
Tournaisis, regards sur dix siècles d'histoire. Recueil d'études dédiées à la mémoire de Jacques Nazet (1944-1996)
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1268:"Reformist hagiography: the Life of St Roding of Beaulieu and the struggle for power in early eleventh-century Lotharingia"
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Later in 1018 Godfrey II was crushingly defeated and captured when leading imperial forces against another rebel,
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1213:
Bachrach, David (2018). "The Battle of
Vlaardingen: 'Who could doubt that such a powerful army would prevail?'".
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291:, who was deposed from his dukedom in 1009. Henry II was eventually replaced by a nephew of Count Gerhard,
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1244:"The army of Godfrey of Bouillon, 1096-1099: Structure and dynamics of a contingent on the First Crusade"
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at forts on the
Scheldt, responsible for special frontier lordships or margraviates.
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378:. Dirk's mother, like Gerhard's wife, was a sister of the emperor's wife Cunegunde.
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Die
Chronik des Bischofs Thietmar von Merseburg und ihre Korveier Ăśberarbeitung
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Warfare and Politics in Medieval Germany, ca. 1000. On the Variety of Our Times
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In 1013, Godfrey and Herman were defeated while defending the interests of the
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in their successful efforts to gain a foothold in the empire, east of the
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Dietmar, Warner translation p.351; Deeds of the Bishops of Cambrai, 3.11.
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217:(also known as Lower Lotharingia) which roughly corresponded to modern
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Godfrey was appointed duke on the advice of Godfrey's close relative
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in 1012 after it had been vacant for seven years since the death of
213:(d. 1002) was the first of several members of his family to become
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Godfrey was the first of his family, the Verdun branch of the
302:. The boundary between Flanders and Lower Lotharingia was the
287:, Archbishop Adalbero of Trier, Bishop Thierry II of Metz and
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1493:
Deeds of the Bishops of Cambrai, Translation and Commentary
1491:
Bachrach, David S; Bachrach, Bernard S; Leese, Michael,
1434:
Ottonian Germany. The Chronicon of Thietmar of Merseburg
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356:. Herman was captured and placed in the custody of
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1436:, translated by Warner, David A., Manchester, 2001
333:In 1006, Lambert was an ally of the powerful
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241:. He was appointed to this position by the
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1446:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1415:, MGH Scriptores, vol. 3, p. 851
1374:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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1409:Thietmar of Merseburg, Lappenberg (ed.),
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106:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1248:Revue belge de Philologie et d'Histoire
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1427:, MGH SS rer. Germ. N. S., vol. 9
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1348:Alpertus of Metz (1841), Pertz (ed.),
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259:Godfrey and his family, the so-called
239:Gerard of Florennes, bishop of Cambrai
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55:"Godfrey II, Duke of Lower Lorraine"
44:adding citations to reliable sources
326:. The family's county of Verdun in
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1388:, translated by Bachrach, David S.
1364:, translated by van Rij, Hilversum
122:Godfrey II, Duke of Lower Lorraine
14:
1454:German translation: R. Holtzmann,
1396:Dietmar (Thietmar) of Merseburg,
1506:
1458:reproduced by Trillmich in 1957.
20:
1482:Gesta episcoporum Cameracensium
1467:Gesta episcoporum Cameracensium
1158:Gesta episcoporum Cameracensium
1146:Gesta episcoporum Cameracensium
1118:Gesta episcoporum Cameracensium
31:needs additional citations for
1025:Eustace III, Count of Boulogne
757:Duke of both Lorraines (rebel)
1:
1485:, MGH Scriptores, vol. 7
1354:, MGH Scriptores, vol. 4
1284:10.1080/03044181.2016.1230512
898:Eustace II, Count of Boulogne
1362:Gebeurtenissen van deze tijd
1199:Dietmar, Warner trans. p.380
1178:Dietmar, Warner trans. p.373
252:, son of the previous duke,
1272:Journal of Medieval History
916:Vice Duke of Lower Lorraine
354:Lambert I, Count of Louvain
1632:
913:Albert III, Count of Namur
376:Dirk III, Count of Holland
275:the count of Hainaut, and
269:Lambert I, Count of Leuven
211:Godfrey I, Count of Verdun
185:Godfrey I, Count of Verdun
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1419:Newer Latin MGH edition:
1407:Older Latin MGH edition:
1384:Alpertus of Metz (2012),
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1242:Murray, Alan V. (1992),
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261:House of Ardennes-Verdun
203:Godfrey (or Godefrid) II
175:House of Ardennes-Verdun
1601:Dukes of Lower Lorraine
1596:House of Ardenne–Verdun
1421:Holtsmann, ed. (1935),
1351:De diversitate temporum
1337:De diversitate temporum
1266:Vanheule, Koen (2016).
767:Duke of Lower Lorraine?
352:, against an attack of
285:Frederick of Luxembourg
281:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
1531:Duke of Lower Lorraine
1260:10.3406/rbph.1992.3824
1120:, 3.13, Bethmann ed.,
1067:Duke of Lower Lorraine
1037:Duke of Lower Lorraine
887:Duke of Lower Lorraine
633:Duke of both Lorraines
616:Duke of Lower Lorraine
346:Prince-bishop of Liège
215:duke of Lower Lorraine
1515:at Wikimedia Commons
1489:English translation:
1431:English translation:
1382:English translation:
884:Godfrey the Hunchback
613:Godfrey the Childless
277:Gerard, count of Metz
1616:Margraves of Antwerp
40:improve this article
1477:Latin MGH edition:
1358:Dutch translation:
1346:Latin MGH edition:
1034:Godfrey of Bouillon
754:Godfrey the Bearded
494:Godfrey the Captive
480:Archbishop of Reims
265:Dirk III of Holland
205:(965–1023), called
382:Family and dukedom
335:Counts of Flanders
300:counts of Flanders
1611:Lords of Bouillon
1574:
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1565:Succeeded by
1538:Succeeded by
1511:Media related to
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1048:King of Jerusalem
1039:King of Jerusalem
1028:Count of Boulogne
795:, Count of Leuven
328:Upper Lotharingia
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130:Lower Lotharingia
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33:verification
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1591:1023 deaths
1091:Murray 1992
410:Oda of Metz
223:Netherlands
221:, southern
1586:965 births
1580:Categories
1562:1002–1023
1535:1012–1023
1078:References
793:Lambert II
779:Regelindis
350:Hoegaarden
96:March 2023
66:newspapers
1568:Adalberon
1541:Gothelo I
1424:Chronicon
1412:Chronicon
1398:Chronicon
1302:0304-4181
1227:2211-5129
1045:Baldwin I
763:Gozelo II
746:Regnier V
631:the Great
621:Adalbero,
604:Frederick
365:Florennes
308:margraves
293:Conrad II
273:Regnier V
250:Duke Otto
233:Biography
227:Rhineland
209:, son of
148:1012-1023
1551:Frederic
1442:citation
1370:citation
1310:56384293
1235:48577924
922:Henry II
765:the lazy
742:Mathilda
629:Gozelo I
477:Adalbero
318:, while
246:Henry II
128:Duke of
1160:, 3.10.
1062:Godfrey
789:Oda/Uda
339:Schelde
316:Antwerp
304:Scheldt
254:Charles
243:emperor
219:Belgium
80:scholar
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320:Herman
312:Gozelo
191:Mother
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1122:p.470
324:Ename
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1298:ISSN
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161:Died
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