519:. However, when Counts Zubov and Morkov were to sign the marriage contract in the morning of that day, they found that there was no article about the freedom of religion of the Grand Duchess, which was erased by order of the king. Despite the pleas of the Russian envoys, the King was firm that he would never give his people an Orthodox queen, and locked himself in his room. The Empress, her court and Alexandra, who was dressed as a bride, waited for him for more than four hours. Following the announcement of the final rejection of the king, the Empress had a small attack of apoplexy, and a grief-stricken Alexandra, in tears, locked herself in her room; the Swedish embassy declared that the engagement was canceled due to illness of the King. On 12 September Gustav IV Adolf was present at the ball on the occasion of the birthday of Grand Duchess
633:, wrote in her journal that on 15 August the Queen and her daughters were introduced to Alexandra, whom she described as "very beautiful". Maria Amalia and Alexandra became friends during this time; and the Princess of Naples wrote in her journal that the Russian Grand Duchess and her husband had a friendly relationship with the rest of the imperial family and took part in the family gatherings, parties and balls in Vienna, which contrasts with the version given by Andrei Samborski. For instance, in January 1801, Maria Amalia wrote in her journal that the imperial family used to attend balls in Archduke Joseph's residence in Vienna, where "beautiful Alexandra, always serious and sad, has a magnificent household."
346:
317:
59:
667:
757:
527:, but he was given a cold reception. Alexandra wasn't present at the ball, and the Empress had spent a little more than 15 minutes there, citing illness. Although the engagement didn't take place, talks about a marriage continued for a while. On 22 September 1796 the Swedish King had left Russia, with the Empress warning her son: "They're just your sons and their wives, but your four daughters should all be ill with colds."
654:
hair with flowers when she attended a play some time later. The flowers highlighted her beauty, leading her to be applauded and being given a standing ovation, making Maria
Theresa even more furious. Archduke Joseph could not protect his wife from these attacks. Furthermore, her Eastern Orthodox faith aroused the hostility of the Roman Catholic Austrian court, who urged her to convert.
401:. Reportedly, the desire of the late Swedish monarch was to make an alliance with the Russian Imperial family by marrying his only son to one of the granddaughters of the Empress; however, according to another version, the idea of marriage belonged to the Empress, and even became one of the secret conditions of the
734:
On 8 March at 3 a.m. and after a long hesitation saw the light the daughter of the
Archduchess, but she was so small and weak that she died on the same day. The young mother is a deep blow to stun. It had been two days earlier signs of a fever. Sickness didn't stop during the following days. Was held
373:
The third is a portrait of Grand
Duchess Alexandra. During her first six years of life, I didn't find any special on her, but since a year and a half ago, suddenly she made a surprising change: she became more prettier and took a posture that seems older than her years. She speaks four languages, had
825:
Thanks to a generous financial support from a
Russian and also due to the tireless organizing work of Father Nikolai and the support of the Russian Orthodox Church and Üröm citizens who wanted to respect Alexandra's wishes, on 11 September 2004 her remains were returned to Üröm Mausoleum in a solemn
657:
Pavlovna was popular among
Hungarians, both the nobles and the commoners. According to the legend, it was her suggestion to add the color green as the third color to the flag of Hungary. Hungarians had been using red and silver, then red and white as their national colors for centuries at the time.
473:
Gustav IV Adolf and his uncle the Duke of Södermanland arrived incognito under for a meeting with the bride. A series of brilliant parties were arranged in their honor. The
Swedish sovereign and Alexandra fell in love at first sight. The passion of Gustav IV Adolf for the Grand Duchess was evident:
752:
According to the
Russian Orthodox tradition they had to celebrate masses over the corpse during six weeks, so the body of Alexandra was unburied during this time. After the specified time elapsed, on 12 May, the body of the Archduchess was placed in the crypt of the Capuchin monastery of Víziváros
702:
Soon
Alexandra was expecting her first child. The pregnancy was hard, as she was tormented by bouts of nausea. The doctor, following the orders of Empress Maria Theresa, was "more skilled in intrigues than in medicine, and moreover, with rude manners"; in addition, the cook prepared meals that she
469:
was instructed to prevent the marriage. While the
Swedish court was waiting for the arrival of the bride, the King suddenly changed his mind and broke off the engagement. In April 1796, talks about the "Russian marriage" were resumed by Catherine II, who invited Gustav IV Adolf to visit her in St.
383:
In 1794, the
Empress began to think about the future of the Grand Duchess. Alexandra Pavlovna was eleven years old, and "that summer a girl should be considered an adult." In the letters of those years Catherine II expresses the idea of bringing to Russia "landless princes", who after marrying her
361:
The older Grand Duchess was a very diligent student. In 1787, her mother proudly wrote about her four-year-old daughter, that "she continues to be diligent, making notable advances and begins to translate from German". Alexandra was fascinated by drawing and "I think she has a great talent in this
821:
On 26 April 1981 the Üröm Mausoleum was invaded by thieves, who profaned Alexandra's remains and coffin which was completely looted, taking clothing and jewelry. After this event, on 13 May Alexandra's remains were transferred to the crypt of Buda Castle, which had not yet been restored since the
653:
Once, Alexandra turned up to a ball beautifully dressed, with magnificent jewellery. The Empress was incensed at being upstaged by the Archduchess, and ordered her to remove her jewellery, and also told her that she could no longer wear them. Heeding her instructions, Alexandra only decorated her
648:
Remembering the happy cohabitation with her led him (the Emperor) in extreme confusion of mind which afflicted the heart of the Empress, his present wife. After this, she became in the innocent victim of the Empress' implacable vengeance...The Empress not forgotten and humiliated her parents and
456:
Let the regent hate me, let him look for an opportunity and deceive me – good luck! – But why does he marry the King with that plain and ugly girl? How did the King deserve such cruel punishment, while he was thinking to marry the Grand Duchess, whose beauty is talked about by everyone with one
443:
The girl can wait patiently for my decision of her fate until the adulthood of the King, as she is only eleven years old. If the matter is not settled, it may be comforted, because that will be the loser, who marries another. I can safely say that it is difficult to find an equal to her beauty,
808:
After the death of Archduke Joseph in 1847, his children inherited the Üröm estate, who even survived both World Wars. The chapel was sacked, the valuables taken away and the coffins were open, but the remains weren't profaned, so the clothing and jewelry remained intact. In 1945, due to the
739:. During the night of 14–15 March, the Archduchess became delirious. This state of affairs lasted the whole day, until the morning of 16 March when she quietly breathed her last. The news of her death arrived to St. Petersburg within eight days after the death of her tyrannical father.
388:
It is time for the older one to get married. She and the other sister, beautiful. They are all good, and all find them charming. Bridegrooms will have to look for them in the afternoon with fire. Ugly we do not need, fools – also; but poverty – not a vice. Well they must have body and
592:
Archduke Joseph personally came to Russia to see his bride. The meeting between them was successful. In mid-February 1799 the betrothal ball was held. Later, a marriage contract was signed in which Alexandra would be allowed to kept her Russian Orthodox faith. In October, Count
1866:
773:, following the late Archduchess' wishes, and after her definitive burial in this place, an Eastern Orthodox service was held in her memory. In 1809, during the invasion of Napoleon's troops, Archduke Joseph ordered that the coffin with his wife's remains must be placed in
710:
When the midwife noticed that the natural forces of the Grand Duchess left her, then she presented it to the Palatine and talk to him about the exhaustion of his wife and received from His Highness the consent to use tools, which he pulled out a child who lived only a few
606:
On 25 September 1799, a decree was published about the royal title of Alexandra. In Russia, she was referred to as "Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess the Archduchess of Austria" with the French prefix of "Palatine d'Hongrie". The wedding took place on 30 October 1799 at
817:
took over the ownership of the site. In November 1977 the National Institute of Forensic Medicine, the National Institute of Chemistry and the Budapest History Museum archaeologist and anthropologist experts carried out detailed investigations in the Üröm Mausoleum.
658:
However, in the late 18th century, a third color was proposed to be added to the flag, to follow the style of the French tricolor. Pavlovna suggested green as a symbol for hope. By the mid-19th century, the red-white-green Hungarian tricolor became widespread.
2071:"Herzog Friedrich Eugen (1732–1797) – Briefwechsel des Herzogs mit dem kaiserlichen Hause von Russland, 1795–1797 – 3. Schreiben der jungen Großfürsten Alexander und Konstantin und Großfürstinnen Alexandrina, Anna, Katharina, Elisabeth, Helene, Maria"
478:
Everyone notices that His Majesty is only dancing with Alexandra, and that their conversations are not interrupted... I think my girl doesn't feel aversion for the aforementioned young man; she no longer has a confused look and talks freely with her
777:
for precaution, with a special Orthodox chapel prepared for this purpose. Once the threat of war was over, Alexandra's coffin was returned to the Üröm Mausoleum, which became a place of pilgrimage for the local Orthodox community. During the
420:, Count Stenbock arrived in St. Petersburg with congratulations from the Swedish court, and started the official talks about marriage. Alexandra began to learn the Swedish language, as well as to prepare to think about her future husband.
743:
Her death occurred a week before her father's murder, which happened on 23 March 1801. News of her death reached her mother and siblings in Russia only at the end of the month. Both the events were terrible blows for the Romanov family.
601:
Believe me, that's not good started to strengthen the alliance with the Austrian court by ties of blood... Of all the sisters she will be given the least successful marriage. She will have nothing to wait for, and her children even more
288:, was also unfavorable to her: the Empress noted that the six-month-old Elena was much smarter and more charming than the two-year Alexandra. However, as a gift for the birth of Alexandra, Catherine II gave her son
283:
The Empress' secretary Alexander Khrapovitsky wrote that the Empress considered the newborn Grand Duchess Alexandra very ugly, especially compared with her older brothers. The comparison with her younger sister
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Because the Austrian court refused her burial in any Catholic cemeteries, Alexandra's remains remained unburied at Víziváros monastery until 1803, when her widower built a mausoleum dedicated to her in
715:
A daughter, Archduchess Alexandrine of Austria, was born on 8 March 1801, but died within hours. She was named after her mother. Upon learning of the death of her daughter, Alexandra Pavlovna said:
2524:
735:
a consultation on 10 March, which established a gastric disease. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, however, during the next few days, so she was treated on 12 March against
507:
faith. Four days later, on 6 September, the Swedish embassy formally requested the hand of the Grand Duchess. The groom and the bride's father visited some military maneuvers, and poet
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783:
2288:
1258:
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talent and kindness, not to mention the dowry, which for a poor Swedish itself is the subject of importance. In addition, this marriage would strengthen the world for many years.
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1585:
542:
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blamed both her daughter-in-law for intriguing in favor of her sister and her husband the Emperor for "allowing himself these sharp and biting antics against her daughter".
299:
Alexandra Pavlovna, I'm always pleased that you're clever, don't cry and was always funny; you're smart, and I'm happy with that. Thank you, that you love me, I'll love you.
1651:
1442:
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2208:
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558:
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449:
436:
435:, member of the conspiracy against the Swedish regent, who took refuge in Russia. In retaliation, the regent began to negotiate a marriage between Gustav IV Adolf and
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331:
She received the usual education of Russian princesses and was taught French and German as well as music and drawing. Alexandra was very close to her younger sister
3480:
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A third child was born and was a girl, which was named Alexandra in honor of her older brother. To tell the truth, I infinitely more like boys than girls.
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and the leaders of the Orthodox Churches in Hungary. The Russian ambassador Valery Muszatov gave a copy of Alexandra's portrait to the Üröm Mausoleum.
307:
She loves me more than anyone in the world, and I think she's ready for anything just to please me, or at least for had my attention even for a moment.
2401:
2334:
1530:
1410:
1167:
524:
461:
But the Empress was not limited to just words: she refused to accept the ambassador who came with the message of the engagement's announcement. Count
625:
According to Alexandra's confessor, Andrei Samborski, Alexandra was given a cold reception in Vienna. However, other sources offer a different view.
553:
In 1799, three years after her failed betrothal with the King of Sweden, another marital project originated for Alexandra. Previously in 1798, Dukes
3417:
2905:
2447:
2437:
2241:
802:
534:. But in spite of all attempts, the main issue, the religion of Grand Duchess, was not settled, and the marriage negotiations were finally stopped.
520:
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2996:
3112:
2554:
2453:
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1141:
629:
of Naples (the Emperor's mother-in-law) and her daughters arrived in Vienna in August 1800 for a long stay. Maria Carolina's daughter, Princess
530:
Catherine II died two months later, on 17 November, and the marriage negotiations were continued by Alexandra Pavlovna's father and new Emperor
499:
They said that as honest men they are obliged to announce to me that Sweden's laws require that the Queen profess the same religion of the King.
483:
On 25 August 1796, Gustav IV Adolf asked the Empress for permission to marry the Grand Duchess. The negotiations with Sweden were led by Counts
3597:
3314:
3256:
3190:
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897:
622:
remembered that Alexandra was sad to leave Russia, and her father Emperor Paul I "constantly repeated, would not see her since her sacrifice."
417:
285:
822:
1970s after the plunder and destruction made also by thieves. Until 2004, the Archduchess rested along the children and wives of her widower.
3602:
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2231:
2201:
1043:
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1284:
578:
233:
135:
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427:
As with politics, and with a family point of view, I always looked up and now look at this alliance as the most desirable in all respects.
3393:
3381:
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366:
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854:
830:, head of the Russian Orthodox Church in Hungary. In the ceremony were present members of the Habsburg and Romanov families, Cardinal
452:, and the official church prayer in Sweden the intended bride began to be mentioned. Catherine II stood to protect her granddaughter:
374:
a good writing and drawing, playing with the harpsichord, singing, dancing, learning easily and show a great gentleness of character.
2991:
2699:
2671:
2217:
2174:
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1942:
644:, Francis II's second wife, who also was envious of Alexandra's beauty and fine jewelry. Imperial confessor Andrew Samborski wrote:
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2704:
268:
193:
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2194:
2120:
Volovik Oleg Evgenyevitch. Velikaya Kniaginya Alexandra Pavlovna. Semia, Jizny, Sudba, Pamiaty. Interpressfact. 2005. Budapest.
699:. This was part and main event of a week-long celebration organized by the Archduke in honor of his beautiful wife Alexandra.
3509:
3117:
3085:
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1745:
586:
423:
Negotiations went with varying success. In January 1794, Catherine II wrote to her first-cousin, the Duke of Södermanland:
3592:
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2370:
846:, together with letters from her siblings, written between 1795 and 1797 are preserved in the State Archive of Stuttgart (
393:
But the fate of Alexandra turned out differently. In 1792, news arrived at the Russian court regarding the murder of King
217:
213:
20:
680:
Due to his responsibilities as Palatine, after a short stay in the Imperial court, Archduke Joseph and his wife moved to
3617:
3309:
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siblings when she called them a family of freaks, due to the treatment that Grand Duke Constantine gave to his wife.
3346:
3149:
3079:
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2834:
1803:
439:. Pretending to ignore the machinations of the Swedish regent, the Empress wrote in April 1795 to Baron von Grimm:
431:
But on two issues the parties could not reach an agreement: The religion of the future Queen and the fate of Count
324:
295:
Gradually the Empress started to have better feelings about her granddaughter. On 12 March 1787, she wrote to her:
2769:
2324:
402:
3352:
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173:
271:(renamed Maria Feodorovna after her wedding). The gender of the child disappointed her paternal grandmother,
3486:
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2917:
2303:
955:
814:
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The childbirth, which lasted several hours, tormented Alexandra. Imperial confessor Andrew Samborski wrote:
719:
Thank God that my daughter was now with the angels, without experiencing the misery that we are exposed to.
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1222:
491:. However, they were concerned with the question of the faith of the future Queen. The procurator-general
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2542:
Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished and outlawed in 1919.
1075:
570:
562:
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225:
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Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna, Archduchess of Austria and Palatina of Hungary, in Hungarian dress,
666:
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On the eighth day after the birth, Alexandra was allowed to get up, but in the evening she developed
692:
626:
448:
On 1 November 1795 the Swedish court officially announced the engagement between Gustav IV Adolf and
394:
339:
229:
3107:
2731:
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2236:
981:
582:
577:, and to cement this alliance, it was decided to arrange a marriage between Alexandra and Archduke
272:
237:
49:
537:
Soon, the Imperial family suffered another blow. In October 1797 Gustav IV Adolf married Princess
2753:
827:
787:
779:
681:
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who were the brothers of the Empress Maria Feodorovna, arrived in St. Petersburg to serve in the
538:
515:". The official engagement was scheduled to take place on 11 September in the Throne Room of the
492:
465:
was sent to the Swedish border for "exploring the castles", and in Stockholm Major General Count
123:
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2170:
2156:
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1938:
1017:
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158:
541:, a younger sister of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Alexeievna, Alexandra's sister-in-law. Empress
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1966:
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685:
619:
531:
504:
264:
221:
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183:
95:
1865:
831:
397:(who was the Empress' first-cousin) and the accession to the throne of his 14-year-old son
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724:
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398:
289:
688:, although they also normally returned to Vienna to spend time with the imperial family.
756:
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1883:
466:
332:
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99:
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Concert for the engagement of the King of Sweden with Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna
405:. The idea of this alliance was supported by the Swedish regent, the new King's uncle
3556:
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2502:
770:
516:
488:
362:
art", and the music and singing, and "in these arts has found remarkable abilities".
303:
In turn, Alexandra was particularly attached to her grandmother. Catherine II noted:
2070:
484:
793:
Archduke Joseph remained a widower for several years, and only in 1815 remarried
636:
When she was presented to Emperor Francis II, she reminded him of his first wife
611:, one week after the wedding of her sister Elena. To celebrate both events, poet
3182:
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696:
384:
granddaughters would get the position and means for life in their new homeland.
261:
801:
who survived. In 1819 the Archduke contracted his third and last marriage with
797:, who died two years later in 1817, also after giving birth, though this time
24:
2040:"Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna and the Colour Green in the Hungarian Flag"
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350:
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574:
503:
Only on 2 September Gustav IV Adolf agreed that Alexandra would keep her
245:
45:
2095:. Österreichisches Staatsarchiv, Abteilung Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv.
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played in the presence of Archduke Joseph and his wife Alexandra at the
736:
474:
he danced with her constantly and had intimate conversations with her.
354:
241:
168:
2345:
Catherine Mikhailovna, Duchess George Augustus of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
857:
are preserved in the Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv in Vienna, Austria.
1975:
Remarkable and enigmatic personalities of the 17th and 19th centuries
813:
near the property some farmers were established until 1953, when the
730:
Hungarian historian Sándor Domanovszky related the event as follows:
2181:
La Jeunesse de Marie-Amélie, Reine des Français, d’après son journal
2027:
La Jeunesse de Marie-Amélie, Reine des Français, d’après son journal
2014:
La Jeunesse de Marie-Amélie, Reine des Français, d’après son journal
2001:
La Jeunesse de Marie-Amélie, Reine des Français, d’après son journal
523:(born Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld), wife of Grand Duke
569:
to join with Russia in a coalition against the rising power of the
412:
In October 1793, on the occasion of the marriage of the Grand Duke
755:
665:
344:
315:
727:, which finally caused her early death on 16 March 1801 aged 17.
640:, who was her maternal aunt; this caused the jealousy of Empress
338:
Alexandra's upbringing, as well as her sisters, was entrusted to
2330:
Alexandra Nikolaevna, Princess Frederick William of Hesse-Cassel
119:
3186:
2506:
2190:
2093:"15 Briefe von Erzherzogin Alexandra an Kaiserin Marie Therese"
805:, who bore him five children, of whom three survived infancy.
2381:
Anastasia Mikhailovna, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
3140:
Freiin Francesca Thyssen-Bornemisza de Kászon et Impérfalva
2407:
Elena Vladimirovna, Princess Nicholas of Greece and Denmark
2284:
Elena Pavlovna, Hereditary Princess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
2402:
Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna, Mrs. Nikolai Kulikovsky
2179:
Vendôme, Duchesse de (Princesse Henriette de Belgique):
2025:
Vendôme, Duchesse de (Princesse Henriette de Belgique):
2012:
Vendôme, Duchesse de (Princesse Henriette de Belgique):
1999:
Vendôme, Duchesse de (Princesse Henriette de Belgique):
760:
Chapel of Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna in Üröm, Pest
369:, Catherine II gave a description of her granddaughter:
869:
Ancestors of Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia
3220:
Generations are numbered from the daughters-in-law of
2803:
Princess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
2128:
2412:
Maria Pavlovna, Princess Sergei Mikhailovich Putiatin
2289:
Maria Pavlovna, Grand Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
1259:
Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin
349:
A little Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna dressed in
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Maria Alexandrovna, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
2060:, Budapest, Hungary Historical Society 1944, p. 255.
1990:, Budapest, Hungary Historical Society 1944, p. 231.
618:
On 21 November the couple went to Austria. Countess
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Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
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Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
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Archduchess Alexandra Pavlovna, Palatina of Hungary
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1937:, Izografus, Eksmo-Press 2001, pp. 37–138 – 464 p.
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Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
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167:
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109:
82:
38:
1652:Frederick William, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt
1443:Margravine Eleonore Juliane of Brandenburg-Ansbach
615:wrote the ode "the wedding celebrations of 1799".
220:4 March] 1801) was a daughter of Emperor
3464:Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
2376:Vera Konstantinovna, Duchess Eugen of Württemberg
2961:Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria, Duchess of Modena
2798:Princess Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg
2492:title granted by Grand Duke Vladimir Cyrillovich
1385:Frederick Charles, Duke of Württemberg-Winnental
450:Duchess Louise Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
437:Duchess Louise Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
3481:Princess Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
3174:also an archduchess of Austria in her own right
3092:Princess Maria of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
2486:title granted by Grand Duke Cyril Vladimirovich
1626:Philip William, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt
1317:Margravine Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach
732:
717:
708:
646:
599:
497:
476:
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386:
371:
305:
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277:
3315:Duchess Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg
2782:Countess Palatine Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
3198:
3003:Princess Maria Immaculata of the Two Sicilies
2987:Princess Maria Annunciata of the Two Sicilies
2518:
2202:
1977:, ed. A.S. Suvorin 1884, pp. 305–376 – 520 p.
256:Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna was born in
8:
3544:* also an archduchess of Austria by marriage
3540:did not have a royal or noble title by birth
1935:Five Princesses. Daughters of Emperor Paul I
1710:Margravine Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
321:Grand Duchesses Alexandra and Elena Pavlovna
216:29 July] 1783 – 16 March [
3388:Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
3046:Princess Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies
2876:Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
2106:List of Dames of the Order of St. Catherine
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1684:Princess Johanna Charlotte of Anhalt-Dessau
1505:Anselm Franz, 2nd Prince of Thurn and Taxis
924:Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp
3608:Recipients of the Order of Saint Catherine
3578:19th-century women from the Russian Empire
3573:18th-century women from the Russian Empire
3406:Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia
3222:Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
3205:
3191:
3183:
2956:Princess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
2950:Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria
2894:Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia
2525:
2511:
2503:
2371:Olga Konstantinovna, Queen of the Hellenes
2232:Anna Petrovna, Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp
2209:
2195:
2187:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1343:Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia
874:
865:
260:as the third child and eldest daughter of
202:Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia
57:
35:
2320:Maria Nikolaevna, Duchess of Leuchtenberg
1531:Princess Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis
1168:Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
853:Alexandra's letters to her sister-in-law
2776:Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria
2340:Elizabeth Mikhailovna, Duchess of Nassau
2294:Catherine Pavlovna, Queen of Württemberg
1561:27. Princess Maria Ludovika of Lobkowicz
1469:Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg
844:Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg
335:, and they were often painted together.
3365:Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa
2853:Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa
2738:Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria
2448:Maria Kirillovna, Princess of Leiningen
2304:Anna Pavlovna, Queen of the Netherlands
2029:, (in French) París, Plon, 1935, p. 63.
2003:, (in French) París, Plon, 1935, p. 53.
1895:
1142:John Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Dornburg
842:Alexandra's letters to her grandfather
3257:Archduchess Maria Magdalena of Austria
3170:also a princess of Tuscany by marriage
2016:, (in French) París, Plon, 1935, p. 50
1725:
1605:
1601:
1589:
1586:Duchess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
1484:
1411:Charles Alexander, Duke of Württemberg
1364:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1238:
1121:
1117:
1105:
997:
898:Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp
887:
883:
879:
782:, Alexander I and the Grand Duchesses
3418:Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg
3400:Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg
3166:*also an infanta of Spain by marriage
2906:Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg
2888:Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg
2325:Olga Nikolaevna, Queen of Württemberg
1801:
1791:
1787:
1775:
1769:
1759:
1743:
1733:
1729:
1713:
1707:
1697:
1681:
1671:
1667:
1655:
1649:
1639:
1623:
1613:
1609:
1583:
1573:
1560:
1550:
1546:
1534:
1528:
1518:
1502:
1492:
1488:
1472:
1466:
1456:
1440:
1430:
1426:
1414:
1408:
1398:
1382:
1372:
1368:
1340:
1330:
1314:
1304:
1300:
1288:
1282:
1272:
1256:
1246:
1242:
1226:
1220:
1210:
1197:
1187:
1183:
1171:
1165:
1155:
1139:
1129:
1125:
1099:
1089:
1073:
1063:
1059:
1047:
1044:Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia
1041:
1031:
1015:
1005:
1001:
985:
979:
969:
953:
943:
939:
927:
921:
911:
895:
891:
803:Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg
7:
3493:Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria
3310:Duchess Violante Beatrice of Bavaria
3058:Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria
3014:Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria
2754:Countess Palatine Hedwig of Sulzbach
2454:Kira Kirillovna, Princess of Prussia
2361:Grand Duchess Alexandra Alexandrovna
1285:Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp
136:Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary
3394:Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily
3155:Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg
2882:Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily
2649:Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal
1772:Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia
790:visited the grave of their sister.
2534:Austrian archduchesses by marriage
2443:Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna
855:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
850:Stuttgart) in Stuttgart, Germany.
559:Alexander Frederick of Württemberg
14:
3588:House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov
3353:Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria
3108:Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen
3020:Princess Auguste Maria of Bavaria
2992:Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal
2841:Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria
2770:Infanta Margaret Theresa of Spain
2153:Alexander I tsar of War and Peace
1198:21. Christine Eleonore von Zeutch
631:Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
565:. They expressed the interest of
3382:Duchess Elisabeth of Württemberg
3041:Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony
2918:Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy
2870:Duchess Elisabeth of Württemberg
2471:Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna
2433:Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna
2397:Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna
1864:
39:Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna
2335:Grand Duchess Maria Mikhailovna
2263:Grand Duchess Natalia Alexeevna
163:Archduchess Alexandrina Paulina
147:
3510:Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm
3086:Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm
2438:Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna
2242:Grand Duchess Natalia Petrovna
1746:Frederick William I of Prussia
587:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
583:Palatine (Governor) of Hungary
365:In 1790, in her letter to the
269:Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
194:Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
1:
3598:Daughters of Russian emperors
3527:Princess Laetitia of Arenberg
3441:Princess Maria Anna of Saxony
3236:Archduchess Joanna of Austria
3213:Tuscan princesses by marriage
3036:Princess Stéphanie of Belgium
2982:Princess Margaretha of Saxony
2977:Princess Charlotte of Belgium
2945:Princess Hildegard of Bavaria
2939:Princess Maria Anna of Saxony
2700:Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria
2672:Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria
2428:Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna
2073:. Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart
2058:József nádor élete, első rész
1988:József nádor élete, első rész
671:
407:Charles, Duke of Södermanland
68:
21:Eastern Slavic naming customs
3603:Children of Paul I of Russia
3359:Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain
3241:Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo
3113:Princess Margherita of Savoy
2847:Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain
2726:Princess Elisabeth of France
2628:Infanta Isabella of Portugal
691:On 7 May 1800, the composer
684:, where they settled in the
240:. Her marriage was the only
3424:Princess Elisabeth of Savoy
3289:Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
3145:Duchess Eilika of Oldenburg
2912:Princess Elisabeth of Savoy
2688:Archduchess Anna of Austria
2633:Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
2560:Mechthild of the Palatinate
2299:Grand Duchess Olga Pavlovna
811:Collectivization in Hungary
342:, who acted as Governess.
3634:
3347:Princess Isabella of Parma
3150:Princess Astrid of Belgium
3080:Princess Ileana of Romania
3052:Princess Blanca of Bourbon
2934:Princess Sophie of Bavaria
2835:Princess Isabella of Parma
2732:Infanta Maria Ana of Spain
1804:Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
1719:
1603:
1595:
1478:
1362:
1358:
1232:
1119:
1111:
991:
885:
881:
248:marital alliance to date.
19:In this name that follows
18:
3583:Grand duchesses of Russia
3536:
3218:
3163:
3118:Princess Yolande of Ligne
3009:Princess Isabella of Croÿ
2591:Anne, Duchess of Brittany
2586:Mary, Duchess of Burgundy
2540:
2480:
2218:Grand Duchesses of Russia
2044:HungarianConservative.com
1869:Dame Grand Cordon of the
1789:
1781:
1753:
1731:
1727:
1691:
1669:
1661:
1633:
1611:
1607:
1567:
1548:
1540:
1512:
1490:
1486:
1450:
1428:
1420:
1392:
1370:
1366:
1324:
1302:
1294:
1266:
1244:
1240:
1204:
1185:
1177:
1149:
1127:
1123:
1083:
1061:
1053:
1025:
1003:
999:
963:
941:
933:
905:
889:
585:and a younger brother of
209:
56:
43:
2612:Joanna, Queen of Castile
1871:Order of Saint Catherine
826:ceremony held by Bishop
638:Elisabeth of Württemberg
418:Princess Louise of Baden
174:Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov
3487:Infanta Blanca of Spain
3458:Princess Anna of Saxony
2997:Princess Anna of Saxony
956:Hedvig Sophia of Sweden
815:Russian Orthodox Church
325:Elisabeth Vigée Le Brun
232:. She married Archduke
224:and sister of emperors
16:Grand Duchess of Russia
3294:Eleonora Luisa Gonzaga
3075:Princess Zita of Parma
2694:Isabella Clara Eugenia
2661:Infanta Maria of Spain
1223:Catherine II of Russia
761:
753:(now Main Street 20).
741:
721:
713:
677:
651:
604:
501:
481:
459:
446:
433:Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt
429:
391:
376:
358:
328:
309:
301:
281:
46:Archduchess of Austria
2141:, Eurohistory, 2004.
1884:Alexandra Land
1076:Catherine I of Russia
759:
669:
563:Imperial Russian Army
348:
319:
212:: 9 August [
65:Vladimir Borovikovsky
3593:Deaths in childbirth
2667:Anna Juliana Gonzaga
2183:, París, Plon, 1935.
2056:Sándor Domanovszky:
1986:Sándor Domanovszky:
693:Ludwig van Beethoven
627:Queen Maria Carolina
525:Konstantin Pavlovich
395:Gustav III of Sweden
340:Charlotte von Lieven
267:and his second wife
3618:Daughters of counts
3123:Laetitia d'Arenberg
2596:Bianca Maria Sforza
2570:Catherine of Saxony
2565:Eleanor of Scotland
2555:Eleanor of Portugal
2167:Catherine the Great
2139:The Grand Duchesses
2129:http://dinastia.org
982:Peter III of Russia
414:Alexander Pavlovich
273:Catherine the Great
238:Palatine of Hungary
210:Александра Павловна
50:Palatina of Hungary
3613:Daughters of dukes
2710:Claudia de' Medici
1971:Alexandra Pavlovna
788:Ekaterina Pavlovna
780:Congress of Vienna
762:
678:
555:Ferdinand Augustus
539:Frederica of Baden
493:Alexander Samoylov
359:
329:
124:Kingdom of Hungary
3550:
3549:
3180:
3179:
2655:Mary I of England
2500:
2499:
2237:Empress Elizabeth
1933:Albina Danilova:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1018:Peter I of Russia
848:Hauptstaatsarchiv
613:Gavrila Derzhavin
595:Fyodor Rostopchin
579:Joseph of Austria
509:Gavrila Derzhavin
463:Alexander Suvorov
234:Joseph of Austria
199:
198:
3625:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3184:
2744:Eleonora Gonzaga
2705:Eleonora Gonzaga
2527:
2520:
2513:
2504:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2188:
2137:Beeche, Arturo,
2133:http://rulit.org
2108:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2067:
2061:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2036:
2030:
2023:
2017:
2010:
2004:
1997:
1991:
1984:
1978:
1967:Evgeny Karnovich
1964:
1945:
1931:
1868:
1102:Paul I of Russia
875:
866:
676:
673:
620:Varvara Golovina
543:Maria Feodorovna
532:Paul I of Russia
505:Eastern Orthodox
403:Treaty of Värälä
327:, ca. 1795–1797.
222:Paul I of Russia
211:
184:Paul I of Russia
151:
149:
116:
96:Catherine Palace
92:
90:
77:
73:
70:
61:
36:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3542:
3532:
3520:13th generation
3515:
3503:12th generation
3498:
3474:11th generation
3469:
3451:10th generation
3446:
3429:
3370:
3335:
3319:
3298:
3277:
3261:
3245:
3224:
3214:
3211:
3181:
3176:
3159:
3133:18th generation
3128:
3101:17th generation
3096:
3068:16th generation
3063:
3029:15th generation
3024:
2970:14th generation
2965:
2927:13th generation
2922:
2863:12th generation
2858:
2828:11th generation
2823:
2812:10th generation
2807:
2786:
2758:
2749:Anna de' Medici
2714:
2676:
2637:
2616:
2600:
2574:
2543:
2536:
2531:
2501:
2496:
2476:
2459:
2416:
2385:
2349:
2308:
2267:
2251:
2220:
2215:
2165:Troyat, Henri,
2117:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2100:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2076:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2055:
2051:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2024:
2020:
2011:
2007:
1998:
1994:
1985:
1981:
1965:
1948:
1932:
1897:
1892:
1880:
1861:
1856:
863:
840:
799:fraternal twins
750:
725:puerperal fever
703:could not eat.
674:
664:
609:Gatchina Palace
571:French Republic
551:
521:Anna Feodorovna
399:Gustav IV Adolf
381:
367:Baron von Grimm
314:
290:Gatchina Palace
254:
153:
150: 1799)
145:
141:
138:
118:
114:
94:
88:
86:
78:
75:
71:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3631:
3629:
3621:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3555:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3513:
3506:
3504:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3461:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3437:
3435:
3434:9th generation
3431:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3421:
3415:
3409:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3378:
3376:
3375:8th generation
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3343:
3341:
3340:7th generation
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3327:
3325:
3324:6th generation
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3304:
3303:5th generation
3300:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3282:4th generation
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3269:
3267:
3266:3rd generation
3263:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3253:
3251:
3250:2nd generation
3247:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3232:
3230:
3229:1st generation
3226:
3225:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3187:
3178:
3177:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3038:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3011:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2903:
2897:
2891:
2885:
2879:
2873:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2850:
2844:
2838:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2791:9th generation
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2766:
2764:
2763:8th generation
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2722:
2720:
2719:7th generation
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2684:
2682:
2681:6th generation
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2652:
2645:
2643:
2642:5th generation
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2621:4th generation
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2608:
2606:
2605:3rd generation
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2579:2nd generation
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2551:
2549:
2548:1st generation
2545:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2488:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2465:
2464:9th generation
2461:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2451:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2424:
2422:
2421:8th generation
2418:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2391:
2390:7th generation
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2354:6th generation
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2316:
2314:
2313:5th generation
2310:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2272:4th generation
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2256:2nd generation
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2228:
2226:
2225:1st generation
2222:
2221:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2163:
2151:Palmer, Alan,
2149:
2135:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2098:
2084:
2062:
2049:
2031:
2018:
2005:
1992:
1979:
1946:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1761:
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749:
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467:Andrei Budberg
380:
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313:
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258:Tsarskoye Selo
253:
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117:(aged 17)
111:
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100:Tsarskoye Selo
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2175:0-425-05186-2
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2161:0-06-013264-7
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2147:0-9771961-1-9
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1802:31. Princess
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1283:11. Princess
1280:
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1019:
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994:
989:
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983:
977:
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954:17. Princess
951:
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937:
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902:
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868:
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829:
823:
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731:
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712:
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704:
700:
698:
694:
689:
687:
686:Alcsút Palace
683:
668:
661:
659:
655:
650:
645:
643:
642:Maria Theresa
639:
634:
632:
628:
623:
621:
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610:
603:
598:
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584:
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568:
564:
560:
556:
548:
546:
544:
540:
535:
533:
528:
526:
522:
518:
517:Winter Palace
514:
510:
506:
500:
496:
494:
490:
489:Arkady Morkov
486:
480:
475:
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468:
464:
458:
453:
451:
445:
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434:
428:
424:
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363:
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336:
334:
326:
322:
318:
311:
308:
304:
300:
296:
293:
291:
287:
280:
276:
275:. She wrote:
274:
270:
266:
263:
259:
251:
249:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
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215:
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182:
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170:
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160:
156:
137:
132:
128:
125:
121:
113:16 March 1801
112:
108:
105:
101:
97:
93:9 August 1783
85:
81:
66:
60:
55:
52:
51:
47:
42:
37:
34:
30:
26:
22:
3543:
3539:
3405:
3330:
3272:
3173:
3169:
3165:
2893:
2818:
2491:
2485:
2278:
2247:Empress Anna
2180:
2166:
2152:
2138:
2115:Bibliography
2101:
2087:
2075:. Retrieved
2065:
2057:
2052:
2043:
2034:
2026:
2021:
2013:
2008:
2000:
1995:
1987:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1934:
1342:
852:
847:
841:
824:
820:
807:
792:
763:
751:
742:
733:
729:
722:
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714:
709:
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690:
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652:
647:
635:
624:
617:
605:
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591:
552:
536:
529:
512:
502:
498:
485:Platon Zubov
482:
477:
472:
470:Petersburg.
460:
455:
447:
442:
430:
426:
422:
411:
392:
387:
382:
372:
364:
360:
337:
330:
320:
306:
302:
298:
294:
282:
278:
255:
201:
200:
115:(1801-03-16)
63:Portrait by
44:
33:
28:
3568:1801 deaths
3563:1783 births
2077:22 November
775:Buda Castle
697:Buda Castle
675: 1800
262:Tsesarevich
226:Alexander I
76: 1799
72: 1795
3557:Categories
1890:References
832:Péter Erdő
230:Nicholas I
89:1783-08-09
74: – c.
25:patronymic
511:wrote a "
379:Gustav IV
351:kokoshnik
312:Education
2169:, 1980.
2155:, 1974.
1878:See also
861:Ancestry
838:Archives
828:Hilarion
575:Napoleon
549:Marriage
479:partner.
357:, 1790s.
246:Habsburg
29:Pavlovna
1859:Honours
737:typhoid
682:Hungary
597:wrote:
567:Austria
495:wrote:
355:sarafan
242:Romanov
206:Russian
152:
144:
140:
2173:
2159:
2145:
2124:
1941:
1873:(1783)
748:Burial
711:hours.
457:voice?
190:Mother
180:Father
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662:Death
416:with
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323:, by
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