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simply draws on paper geometrical figures, then photographing them on sound track of the filmstrip. Afterwards this filmstrip is played as a common movie by means of film projector. Being read by photocell, amplified and monitored by loudspeaker, this filmstrip turns out to contain a well-known musical recording, while its timbre is impossible to relate to any existing musical instrument.
199:- to develop further his concept of ultrachromatic “Welttonsystem” and to explore the sonic qualities of new ornamental sound; Evgeny Sholpo – to develop his “performer-less” musical tools. The next day they were already furiously at work on experiments in what they referred to variously as “ornamental”, "drawn," “paper”, “graphical”, “artificial” or "synthetic" sound.
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with synthetic sound, you will see along one edge a thin stripe of jagged ornamental patterns. These ornaments are drawn music - they are sound: when run through a projector, these graphic sounds broadcast tones of a hitherto unheard of purity, and thus, quite obviously, fantastic possibilities open up for the composition of music in the future”.
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The crew members were amazed with the view of the first sound track they ever saw and
Mikhail Tsekhanovsky had voiced the idea: “what if we take some Egyptian or ancient Greek ornaments as a sound track, perhaps we will hear some unknown archaic music?”. Each crew member immediately recognized in the
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Comrade
Avraamov conducts now a study in recording of more complicated geometrical figures. For instance, to record graphical representations of the simplest algebraic equations, to draw molecular orbits of some chemical elements. In this research composer is assisted by a group of young employee of
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On the 20th of
February, 1930, just a few months later, Arseny Avraamov mentioned a new trend in his lecture for the sound-on-film group at ARRK (Avraamov 1930). In October, 1930 a new technique was described in the article “Multiplikacia Zvuka” (the Animation of Sound) by E. Veisenberg (Veisenberg
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in Berlin. According to Oskar
Fischinger’s statements from his article “Sounding Ornaments”, first published in German in 1932 and distributed worldwide, “Between ornament and music persist direct connections, which means that Ornaments are Music. If you look at a strip of film from my experiments
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In 1927, just over a few months later, Alexander Shorin started his research in
Leningrad. The popular version of his “Shorinophone”, widely used for field and studio sound recording, was based on a mechanical reproduction of gramophone-like longitudinal grooves along the filmstrip. Another version
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According to an article published in 1931, Avraamov’s approach was similar: “Composer Arseny
Avraamov at the scientific-research institute conducts the interesting experiments on a creation of the hand-drawn music. Instead of common sound recording on film by means of microphone and photocell, he
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as well as talented inventor and engineer Evgeny Sholpo. But the most outstanding participant in the project was Arseny
Avraamov - composer, journalist, music theorist, inventor, one of the most adventurous people of his time, performance instigator, irreconcilable foe of the classical twelve tone
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proclaimed his view on the future of the Art of Music: “By knowing the way to record the most complex sound textures by means of a phonograph, after analysis of the curve structure of the sound groove, directing the needle of the resonating membrane, one can create synthetically any, even most
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the
Research Institute for Film and Photo. By the end of December Avraamov will finish his new work and to show it to the film-community. Quite possibly the listening of the abstracts of “Hand Drawn Music” will be organized in radio broadcast" (Kino 1931).
147:) is a sound recording created from images drawn directly onto film or paper that were then played back using a sound system. There are several different techniques depending on the technology employed, but all are a consequence of the
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is a 1955 animated short film by Norman McLaren, engraved directly onto black film leader, combining improvisational jazz along with graphical sounds. In 1971, McLaren created his final graphical sound film
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of Shorin’s system – “Kinap”, mainly used for sound-on-film production, was based on a variable area optical recording on film – “transversal” recording as it was called in Russia.
484:. Article in the catalogue of the exhibition "LENIN, STALIN and Music", pp. 96–105. Musee de la musique, October 12, 2010 - January 16, 2011. Cite de la musique, Paris.
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system (based on well-tempered scale), promoter of the ultrachromatic “Welttonsystem”, developer of experimental musical instruments and tools, and author of the storied
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182:("Plan of Great Works") movie by A. Room was developed. The group working on this film included the painter, book illustrator and animator
459:. pp. 121–126. Klangmaschinen zwischen Experiment und Medientechnik. (C)2010 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld. Aus:Daniel Gethmann (Hg.)
470:. Article in the catalogue of the exhibition "Vois ce que j'entends" at the Centre des Arts Enghien-les-Bains, France. pp. 16–27,
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259:, demonstrating his work. The next year, McLaren completed his most acclaimed work, his Academy Award-winning anti-war film
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The first practical sound-on-film systems were created almost simultaneously in the USSR, USA and
Germany. In Soviet Russia
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Fischinger, Oskar. "Klingende Ornamente." Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, Kraft Und Stoff. No. 30, 28 July 1932
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As far back as 1916, in the article “Upcoming Science of Music and the New Era in the History of Music”,
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technology and based on the creation of artificial optical polyphonic sound tracks on transparent film.
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fantastic sound by making a groove with a proper structure of shape and depth".
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At exactly the same time similar efforts were being undertaken in Germany by
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Boris Yankovsky and the Vibroexponator on '120 years Of Electronic Music'
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Experiments in sound and electronic music in early 20th century Russia
518:. London: Sound and Music / Koenig Books. pp. 155–174, 175–236.
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This article is about recording technique. Not to be confused with
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Les Pionniers Russes de'l ART du SON. Experimentations musicales
441:. Kinovedcheskie Zapiski, no.53, 2001, p. 292 (in Russian)
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348:"'Every Film is a kind of Dance': The Art of Norman McLaren"
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initiated the first developments in 1926 in Moscow.
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
16:Sound recording from images drawn on film or paper
455:. pp. 97–120; Tim Boykett/Andrei Smirnov.
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439:From the history of painted sound in USSR
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
23:, that is related to music visualization.
480:Andrei Smirnov & Liubov Pchelkina.
468:Son produit par la lumiere et le papier
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178:In October 1929 the first film-roll of
597:Russian electronic musical instruments
255:. McLaren created a short 1951 film
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542:A Brief History of Optical Synthesis
54:adding citations to reliable sources
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547:Watch the graphical sound films
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41:needs additional citations for
180:Piatiletka. Plan velikih rabot
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561:National Film Board of Canada
387:National Film Board of Canada
269:with a graphical soundtrack.
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237:National Film Board of Canada
231:National Film Board of Canada
309:, its analogue in animation.
457:Notation und visuelle Musik
409:"Tribute to Norman McLaren"
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407:Clark, Ken (Summer 1987).
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448:. Moscow, November, 2007
495:Andrey Smirnov (2013).
307:Drawn-on-film animation
141:graphische Tonerzeugung
497:"6. Sound vs. Images"
383:Short documentary film
379:"Pen Point Percussion"
556:Pen Point Percussion
540:Umatic media group,
501:"7. Graphical Sound"
358:on 28 September 2011
257:Pen Point Percussion
247:, and film composer
214:and, c. 1931-32, by
184:Mikhail Tsekhanovsky
50:improve this article
566:The Vibroexponator
446:Sound Out of Paper
592:Soviet inventions
525:978-3-86560-706-5
490:978-2-213-65566-6
476:978-2-916639-17-8
466:Smirnov, Andrei.
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444:Smirnov, Andrei.
377:McLaren, Norman.
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208:Rudolf Pfenninger
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21:Visual music
392:21 November
302:Daphne Oram
161:Pavel Tager
137:son dessiné
133:drawn sound
576:Categories
432:References
292:Variophone
267:pixilation
262:Neighbours
239:animators
106:April 2008
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550:Synchromy
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279:Synchromy
419:20 March
413:Animator
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