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1946:
Pokeweed must be prepared properly or it is dangerous. ... The only parts of poke to be eaten are the young shoots and tender stem tips, along with their immature, meristematic leaves. These must be boiled in an ample pot of water and then drained. Eating poke raw can cause serious poisoning. ...
1205:. The most important remedy is temperature-controlled storage, although it is also important to prevent mechanical damage as this provides entryways for pathogens. Uncontaminated water for washing vegetables is of lesser but still significant importance.
235:
491:(or boΔwinka) is a soup that features beet stems and leaves as one of its main ingredients. The word "botwinka" is the diminutive form of "botwina" which refers to leafy vegetables like chard and beet leaves.
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1968:
Golding, John; Tesoriero, Len; Daniel, Rosalie (2020). "10 - Leafy
Vegetables". In LluΓs Palou; Joseph L. Smilanick (eds.).
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1209:
551:. Water in which pokeweed has been prepared contains toxins that have been removed by boiling and should be discarded.
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150:, such as drying and grinding into powder or pulping and pressing for juice, may involve these crop leaves in a diet.
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571:
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1947:
man became ill from drinking water in which mature poke leaves had been boiled (Jaeckle and
Freemon 1981).
1927:
1316:
1232:
211:
The vitamin K content of leaf vegetables is particularly high since these are photosynthetic tissues, and
1697:
Kessler, F.; Glauser, G. (2014). "Prenylquinone
Profiling in Whole Leaves and Chloroplast Subfractions".
295:
enables large quantities of raw leafy greens to be consumed by blending the leaves with fruit and water.
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283:. Many green leafy vegetables, such as lettuce or spinach, can also be eaten raw, for example, in
1867:
1786:
National
Research Council (U.S.), Board on Science and Technology for International Development,
1769:
1504:
1052:
945:
897:
778:
347:(ΟΟΟΟΞ±, literally 'greens') are a typical side dish, eaten hot or cold and usually seasoned with
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At least 80 different kinds of greens are used, depending on the area and season, including
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1740:"A practical approach to minimize the interaction of dietary vitamin K with warfarin"
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279:. Leafy greens can be used to wrap other ingredients into an edible package like a
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1672:"Nutrition facts for raw spinach per 100 g; USDA Nutrient Data SR-21"
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Chang, C. -H.; Wang, Y. -W.; Yeh Liu, P. -Y.; Kao Yang, Y. -H. (2014).
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levels are particularly notable since they are photosynthetic tissues.
135:
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36:
227:, must take special care to limit the consumption of leaf vegetables.
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crops are also edible for humans, but are usually only eaten under
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1701:. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1153. pp. 213β26.
445:, a mixture of different wild boiled leaf vegetables, is used in
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264:
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153:
Leaf vegetables contain many typical plant nutrients, but their
77:
51:
161:, the most common form of the vitamin, is directly involved in
115:. Woody plants of various species also provide edible leaves.
536:
311:
In certain countries of Africa, various species of nutritious
307:
Liponda greens to be cooked and accompany ugali in east Africa
243:
If leaves are cooked for food, they may be referred to in the
178:
275:. They are also commonly eaten in South Asian dishes such as
239:
Large pot of collard greens being prepared on a US Navy ship
103:
are known. Leaf vegetables most often come from short-lived
535:
greens are commonly cooked and often served with pieces of
1810:
1902:
Italian recipes β Italian food culture β Academia
Barilla
1595:, an Iranian salad-like dish, here of mixed greens and
327:
or "Lagos spinach" is one of the main boiled greens in
173:
Spinach, as an example of a leaf vegetable, is low in
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1193:
cause up to 50% losses of leaf vegetables. These are
92:. Leaf vegetables eaten raw in a salad can be called
1970:
Postharvest pathology of fresh horticultural produce
1898:"Liguria-style omelette with borage and sausage"
554:Sauteed escarole is a primary ingredient in the
263:, or consumed raw. Leaf vegetables stewed with
1744:Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
8:
1755:
1934:. Forager's Harvest. pp. 273, 276.
1663:
1535:
438:boiled greens and served with nut sauce
1848:from the original on 20 February 2009
1528:can be used to manage some of these.
1060:(Southeast Asia and Indian highlands)
501:cuisine of the Southern United States
7:
1838:"Horta Vrasta β Boiled Leafy Greens"
1208:Common bacterial pathogens include:
505:traditional African-American cuisine
1908:from the original on 19 August 2014
941:(China, Southeast Asia, and Africa)
84:, sometimes accompanied by tender
25:
1878:from the original on 6 March 2012
1329:Common fungal pathogens include:
457:. One of the main ingredients of
414:and even the fresh leaves of the
27:Plant leaves eaten as a vegetable
1817:from the original on 10 May 2010
1788:Lost Crops of Africa: Vegetables
1585:
1571:
1557:
1538:
1104:(South Asia and Southeast Asia)
99:Nearly one thousand species of
1:
543:. The boiling water, called
126:conditions. Examples include
1707:10.1007/978-1-4939-0606-2_15
858:Daucus carota subsp. sativus
1493:Hyaloperonospora parasitica
1426:Golovinomyces cichoracearum
1362:Colletotrichum higginsianum
472:is also sometimes added to
2058:
1378:Microdochium panattonianum
1295:Pectobacterium carotovorum
1128:(Asia and tropical Africa)
1116:(central and western Asia)
764:various-colored bellflower
569:
251:. Leaf vegetables may be
1868:"dall'olio al preboggion"
1305:Pectobacterium aroidearum
1201:, and much less commonly
1133:Trigonella foenum-graecum
1076:Asia, North America, and
1028:(Europe and southwestern
838:Cnidoscolus aconitifolius
659:, including beet greens,
315:are widely eaten boiled.
267:is a traditional dish in
181:per calorie, and high in
101:plants with edible leaves
1626:Leaf protein concentrate
1456:Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
219:. Accordingly, users of
1932:Incredible Wild Edibles
1621:List of leaf vegetables
1368:Colletotrichum dematium
1332:Alternaria brassicicola
1323:Pseudomonas viridiflava
1221:Pseudomonas viridiflava
1092:(eastern North America)
833:(western North America)
572:List of leaf vegetables
566:List of leaf vegetables
50:A bundle of curly-leaf
1674:. 2014. Archived from
1390:Cladosporium variabile
1317:Pseudomonas marginalis
1211:Xanthomonas campestris
439:
308:
240:
54:
43:
1980:. p. xviii+823.
1797:20 March 2015 at the
1481:A. ipomoeae-aquaticae
1438:Erysiphe cruciferarum
1384:Stemphylium botryosum
1001:Nasturtium officinale
429:
306:
273:Southern U.S. cuisine
238:
223:medications, such as
49:
35:
1836:Lynn Livanos Athan.
1678:on 20 September 2014
1511:Peronospora farinosa
1191:Postharvest diseases
1186:Postharvest diseases
826:Claytonia perfoliata
759:Campanula versicolor
612:Alternanthera sissoo
580:Agastache foeniculum
466:(Borago officinalis)
329:West African cuisine
221:vitamin K antagonist
1475:Albugo occidentalis
1472:pathogens include:
1402:C. lactucae-sativae
1396:Cercospora beticola
1121:Solanum aethiopicum
1097:Sauropus androgynus
1046:Indian subcontinent
989:, iceberg lettuce,
118:The leaves of many
1757:10.1111/jcpt.12104
1505:Peronospora effusa
1172:(Europe, northern
1053:Perilla frutescens
946:Hemerocallis fulva
898:Foeniculum vulgare
779:Chenopodium quinoa
440:
412:smooth sow thistle
309:
241:
55:
44:
18:Greens (vegetable)
1987:978-1-315-20918-0
1941:978-0-9766266-2-6
1716:978-1-4939-0605-5
1699:Plant Isoprenoids
1550:Centella asiatica
1432:Podosphaera fusca
1154:garden nasturtium
1109:Spinacia oleracea
1085:Sassafras albidum
1072:(most of Europe,
939:longevity spinach
934:Gynura procumbens
905:(southern Europe)
871:Southwestern Asia
847:YucatΓ‘n Peninsula
814:Cichorium intybus
799:Cichorium endivia
667:Brassica oleracea
596:Allium fistulosum
105:herbaceous plants
16:(Redirected from
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1420:Botrytis cinerea
1149:Tropaeolum majus
1037:Moringa oleifera
991:red leaf lettuce
962:Lepidium meyenii
556:Italian-American
447:Ligurian cuisine
392:black nightshade
320:Celosia argentea
70:vegetable greens
21:
2057:
2056:
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2037:Leaf vegetables
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1499:Bremia lactucae
1408:C. brassicicola
1292:spp. including
1188:
1183:
995:romaine lettuce
951:orange day-lily
878:Eruca vesicaria
633:Malabar spinach
574:
568:
497:
486:
424:
396:lamb's quarters
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215:is involved in
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148:Food processing
58:Leaf vegetables
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1974:Boca Raton, FL
1951:
1940:
1928:Thayer, Samuel
1919:
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1842:About.com Food
1828:
1802:
1790:, pp. 6, 35f.
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1344:A. arborescens
1289:Pectobacterium
1187:
1184:
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1145:
1129:
1117:
1105:
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1058:shisho perilla
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1021:Malva moschata
1017:
997:
978:Lactuca sativa
974:
958:
942:
930:
910:Gynura bicolor
906:
894:
874:
854:
834:
822:
810:
795:
775:
766:(southeastern
755:
711:
704:mustard greens
700:collard greens
684:Jersey cabbage
663:
648:
641:Southeast Asia
624:
617:sissoo spinach
608:
592:
575:
570:Main article:
567:
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493:
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482:
423:
420:
336:
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293:green smoothie
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217:photosynthesis
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163:photosynthesis
60:, also called
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2019:9781138630833
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2005:9781351805889
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1646:Spring greens
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1637:
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1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
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1611:Greens powder
1609:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1594:
1593:Sabzi Khordan
1588:
1583:
1580:
1579:Water spinach
1574:
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1414:C. acetosella
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1380:
1379:
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1350:A. tenuissima
1346:
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1259:X. campestris
1255:
1254:
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1249:X. campestris
1245:
1244:
1240:
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1234:
1233:P. marginalis
1229:
1228:
1223:
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1217:
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1212:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1185:
1179:
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1165:Viola odorata
1162:
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1091:
1087:
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1070:garden sorrel
1067:
1066:
1065:Rumex acetosa
1062:
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936:
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916:
915:edible gynura
912:
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904:
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891:Mediterranean
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792:South America
789:
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773:
769:
765:
761:
760:
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753:
752:radish greens
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
720:field mustard
717:
716:
715:Brassica rapa
712:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:savoy cabbage
693:
689:
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669:
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652:Beta vulgaris
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547:, is used as
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404:hoary mustard
401:
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360:black mustard
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245:United States
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213:phylloquinone
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183:dietary fiber
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106:
102:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
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71:
67:
63:
59:
53:
48:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
1969:
1945:
1931:
1922:
1910:. Retrieved
1901:
1892:
1880:. Retrieved
1872:cogornese.it
1871:
1862:
1850:. Retrieved
1841:
1831:
1819:. Retrieved
1805:
1787:
1782:
1750:(1): 56β60.
1747:
1743:
1733:
1698:
1692:
1682:15 September
1680:. Retrieved
1676:the original
1666:
1616:Healthy diet
1549:
1520:
1514:
1510:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
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1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1342:
1338:A. alternata
1336:
1330:
1328:
1321:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1258:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1231:
1225:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1189:
1170:sweet violet
1169:
1163:
1153:
1147:
1137:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1083:
1069:
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1057:
1051:
1041:
1035:
1025:
1019:
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985:, including
982:
976:
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908:
902:
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842:
836:
830:
824:
818:
812:
806:, including
803:
797:
783:
777:
763:
757:
724:napa cabbage
722:, including
719:
713:
674:, including
672:wild cabbage
671:
665:
656:
650:
632:
628:Basella alba
626:
616:
610:
600:
594:
585:anise hyssop
584:
578:
560:Utica greens
553:
521:garden cress
498:
487:
469:
465:
458:
442:
441:
435:
434:filled with
357:
344:
338:
324:
318:
317:
310:
248:
242:
210:
172:
152:
138:, including
117:
98:
94:salad greens
93:
76:, are plant
73:
72:, or simply
69:
65:
62:leafy greens
61:
57:
56:
39:leaves in a
29:
1565:Swiss chard
1450:E. heraclei
1444:E. polygoni
1356:A. japonica
1283:alisalensis
1279:P. syringae
1269:P. syringae
1239:P. syringae
1227:P. cichorii
1026:musk mallow
692:red cabbage
661:Swiss chard
601:Welsh onion
368:wild sorrel
231:Preparation
194:carotenoids
134:, and most
80:eaten as a
2042:Vegetables
2031:Categories
1996:1104856309
1658:References
1526:prochloraz
1522:Fungicides
1487:A. candida
1299:odoriferum
1273:maculicola
1253:campestris
1006:watercress
953:(China or
645:New Guinea
474:minestrone
470:Preboggion
459:preboggion
443:Preboggion
436:preboggion
400:wild leeks
285:sandwiches
253:stir-fried
107:, such as
1978:CRC Press
1774:206036115
1372:spinaciae
1199:bacterial
1138:fenugreek
1090:sassafras
1078:Greenland
1074:temperate
831:palsingat
786:(western
754:,and more
740:komatsuna
605:East Asia
587:(western
545:potlikker
525:dandelion
476:soup and
449:to stuff
430:Ligurian
364:dandelion
349:olive oil
269:soul food
206:vitamin K
202:manganese
191:vitamin A
187:vitamin C
169:Nutrition
155:vitamin K
82:vegetable
66:pot herbs
1930:(2017).
1906:Archived
1876:Archived
1846:Archived
1815:Archived
1795:Archived
1766:24383939
1725:24777800
1651:Mucheong
1604:See also
1597:radishes
1546:Gotukola
1524:such as
1470:oomycete
1462:S. minor
923:Thailand
821:(Europe)
808:escarole
736:choy sum
728:bok choy
710:and more
708:kohlrabi
533:pokeweed
489:Botwinka
478:frittata
468:leaves.
408:charlock
325:argentea
313:amaranth
281:tortilla
225:warfarin
175:calories
86:petioles
41:colander
1631:Mesclun
1532:Gallery
1468:Common
1311:Dickeya
1297:subsp.
1263:raphani
1215:vitians
1114:spinach
1042:moringa
987:celtuce
983:lettuce
927:Myanmar
893:region)
883:arugula
819:chicory
772:Balkans
770:to the
732:bomdong
680:gai lan
676:cabbage
529:mustard
513:collard
499:In the
455:pansoti
451:ravioli
432:pansoti
418:plant.
372:chicory
261:steamed
136:grasses
128:alfalfa
113:spinach
109:lettuce
37:Spinach
2017:
2010:
2003:
1994:
1984:
1938:
1912:8 June
1882:6 June
1852:6 June
1811:"ECHO"
1772:
1764:
1723:
1713:
1513:f.sp.
1508:, and
1459:, and
1320:, and
1314:spp.,
1243:aptata
1230:, and
1195:fungal
1174:Africa
1126:nakati
1010:Europe
903:fennel
887:rocket
867:Europe
863:carrot
851:Mexico
804:endive
784:quinoa
748:tatsoi
744:rapini
621:Brazil
531:, and
509:turnip
484:Poland
463:borage
388:mallow
376:fennel
345:khorta
335:Greece
299:Africa
289:salads
257:stewed
198:folate
189:, pro-
144:barley
132:clover
124:famine
120:fodder
90:shoots
78:leaves
74:greens
1821:6 May
1792:Books
1770:S2CID
1641:Herbs
1515:betae
1203:viral
1178:Syria
1158:Andes
1142:India
1102:katuk
971:Andes
955:Japan
919:China
843:chaya
788:Andes
768:Italy
657:beets
637:India
558:dish
549:broth
541:bacon
422:Italy
416:caper
380:chard
353:lemon
323:var.
140:wheat
2015:ISBN
2008:ISBN
2001:ISBN
1992:OCLC
1982:ISBN
1936:ISBN
1914:2015
1884:2012
1854:2012
1823:2019
1762:PMID
1721:PMID
1711:ISBN
1684:2014
1636:Slek
1302:and
1281:pv.
1271:pv.
1261:pv.
1251:pv.
1241:pv.
1213:pv.
1030:Asia
1014:Asia
1012:and
967:maca
869:and
688:kale
517:kale
503:and
461:are
453:and
384:kale
351:and
291:. A
277:saag
271:and
265:pork
204:and
177:and
142:and
111:and
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1752:doi
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885:or
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790:of
539:or
537:ham
339:In
287:or
247:as
179:fat
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1100:β
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1024:β
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