319:
303:
24:
71:
366:
1862 rifled muzzle loaders (RML) were introduced in the Dutch Navy, and being relatively modern, the class was re-armed. In 1876 the armament of the class was given as 5 (Citadel: 7) × 16 cm RML and 6 × 30-pounder Long No 2. Also in 1875 there was a claim that 12 16 cm RML were required for the class, but it is not clear whether all guns were replaced by the 16 cm RML.
285:
be a screw corvette of 250 hp, 12 30-pounders and 125 men, of which 12 would be built. For policing the many outposts in the Indies 15 sloops of 100 hp, 12 guns and 85 men would be built. These would be supplemented by small paddle ships that would navigate rivers and shallow waters. The ships of the
Groningen class fitted the 250 hp corvettes of this plan.
517:
Koopman was towed on the slipway in
Flushing. On 4 April 1867 the Koopman was launched again. On 24 June 1867 the Koopman left Flushing under tow by the Valk. On board were workmen of the yard, who would be moved to Amsterdam, and also the machinery to armor ships. The Koopman was to be fitted out in Amstrerdam, and arrived in Nieuwediep on 30 June 1867.
293:
The
Groningen class was not characterized as a corvette in the 1855 plan. However, in 1857 it was generally characterized as a steam corvette (stoomkorvet) or screw corvette (schroefkorvet). Photographs and technical drawings show the class was ship-rigged. The ship displacement was also in line with
284:
In May 1855 Smit van den
Broecke presented an overall plan for the fleet at home and in the East Indies. The heaviest ships of the new fleet would be 3 screw steam frigates of 400 hp, 50 guns and 500 men, to be stationed in the Netherlands. The standard fighting warship for the East Indies would
365:
In the initial plans the armament of the
Groningen class was given as 12 30-pounders. Such a vague statement was normal at a time when the armament could still change at a later time. In 1859 Tideman foresaw 4 × 30-pounder long No 1, 4 × 30-pounder long No 4 and 4 × 20 cm light grenade guns. In
516:
arrived back in
Flushing from the Dutch East Indies. On 15 April 1865 the Koopman was decommissioned. In mid-January the Koopman went into the dry-dock and there were rumors of big repairs. When she was brought out of the dry-dock there was only talk of a completed reparation. On 4 May 1866 the
275:
became the new Dutch
Secretary for the navy. At the time the Dutch were in a difficult situation. Many countries had built screw-propelled steam ships that out-sailed and out-gunned everything the Dutch navy had. The Dutch navy also required a screw propelled fleet. The reaction by Smit van den
310:
The designed beam of the
Groningen class was limited. It made for a class of rather slender and fast ships. In 1859 Tideman claimed that the stiffness of the hull of the lead ship Groningen was 'only just satisfactory'. Indeed the lead ship
318:
294:
that of the Royal Navy corvettes. In 1857 the class was mentioned as screw steamships of the second class (Schroefstoomschepen tweede klas), while some smaller screw ships were mentioned as screw steam ships fourth class.
459:(May 1866 - 1867?) would undergo such extensive repairs that these amounted to a rebuild. This was probably the moment that the armament was changed, and one or both of the ships were lengthened.
424:. The initial idea might have been to name the ships of the class for the capitals of the 11 provinces. Dordrecht was not a provincial capital, but it was the home town of Secretary for the Navy
497:
to
Willemsoord, where she would be completed. Their departure on 26 August marked the start of the evacuation of the Rijkswerf Vlissingen. While under tow a storm hit the ships.
1880:
493:
was launched a second time from the
Rijkswerf in Flushing. On 7 July she was brought into the drydock to be coppered. On 21 August the paddle-steamer Valk arrived to bring
1875:
1388:
272:
331:
was built according to the rules for calculating dimensions, weights and shapes for a steam corvette described by Tideman in his 1859 work. Both
1831:
1414:
1381:
404:
had two pairs of boilers placed back to back, capable of firing to 300 hp. Designed pressure was 15 kilogram per square inch.
378:. When the Dutch shifted to using indicated horse power, the machines were measured at 700 indicated horse power. The machines for
397:
505:
was said to leave for Amsterdam to be finished there. In July 1870 she was registered as a reserve, with 13 guns and 175 men.
1667:
898:
1599:
1544:
1421:
1374:
607:
583:
1366:
302:
1558:
387:
1797:
1688:
1674:
1469:
355:
23:
1763:
1695:
1442:
1824:
471:
437:
1804:
1838:
1790:
1749:
1660:
1640:
1551:
1537:
1530:
559:
425:
244:
76:
1715:
486:. Soon after there was talk of 'very big repairs'. She would stay on the slipway for more than 3 years.
1681:
1633:
1592:
1578:
530:
483:
86:
56:
723:, p. Bijlage A Algemeen Overzigt der Schepen en vaartuigen van oorlog op den 1sten Augustus 1875.
1722:
1626:
1449:
1770:
1510:
1502:
1476:
440:. The medal instituted on account of the siege would be part of the ornamentation of the stern of
428:. He had been mayor of Dordrecht before being appointed as secretary in August 1856. In June 1857
1756:
676:
1339:
1321:
1303:
1285:
1255:
1237:
1204:
1186:
1168:
1150:
1132:
1114:
1096:
1078:
1060:
1042:
1024:
1006:
988:
970:
952:
934:
916:
856:
751:
733:
1729:
1461:
1357:
1619:
1816:
509:
arrived in Flushing on 14 August 1870, meaning she was finally back in service in 1870.
1707:
501:
could not use its engine and was lucky to be blown into the harbor. In September 1869
474:
for inspection. The results were not good. On 19 February 1865 workmen started to tow
1869:
1570:
1522:
1490:
240:
133:
1782:
698:
687:
663:
652:
641:
1611:
1483:
1434:
1406:
479:
195:
375:
236:
181:
383:
1403:
526:
466:
anchored before Flushing with a defect in the screw. On 21 November 1864
1741:
1652:
1220:
1218:
1397:
Dutch naval ship classes and unique ships 1865 – 1889 (Ironclad age)
276:
Broecke was so quick that it probably reflected plans made earlier.
317:
301:
1370:
346:
The Dutch National Archive has a lot of technical drawings of
315:
would be declared unfit in 1863, after serving only 6 years.
670:, De weduwe G. Hulst van Keulen, Amsterdam: 2nd part 159–177
654:
Koninklijke Nederlandsche Marine op den 1sten Januarij 1869
643:
Koninklijke Nederlandsche Marine op den 1sten Januarij 1858
306:
Sail plan of the Dutch steam corvette Vice-Admiraal Koopman
436:
were renamed on account of the 25 year remembrance of the
1272:
1224:
668:
Verhandelingen en Berichten betrekkelijk het Zeewezen
689:
Verhandeling over de scheepsbouwkunde als wetenschap
1815:
1781:
1740:
1706:
1651:
1610:
1569:
1521:
1501:
1460:
1432:
1402:
525:Of the 3 ships 1 was built by the private yard of
529:in Kinderdijk. The two others were built at the
374:The Groningen class had machines of 250 nominal
664:"De Werktuigen van Zr.Ms. Stoomschip Dordrecht"
1382:
851:
849:
400:this was a Penn trunk engine of 250 hp.
8:
816:
804:
720:
350:. Technical drawings of the privately built
1881:19th-century naval ships of the Netherlands
1358:"Staatsbegrooting voor het dienstjaar 1878"
1389:
1375:
1367:
1047:Utrechtsch provinciaal en stedelijk dagblad
700:Bijlagen van het verslag der Handelingen
535:
214:5–7 × 16 cm RML and 6 × 30-pdr Long No 2
1876:Corvettes of the Royal Netherlands Navy
885:
873:
840:
828:
792:
780:
768:
713:
289:Characteristics of the Groningen class
267:Dutch reaction to the Screw Steam Ship
18:
151:58.80 m (192 ft 11 in)
7:
396:(ex-Dordrecht) had machines made by
384:Nederlandsche Stoombootmaatschappij
159:10.74 m (35 ft 3 in)
1256:"Tweede Kamer der Staten-Generaal"
167:5.00 m (16 ft 5 in)
14:
1304:"Amsterdam, Zaturdag 18 October"
398:Van Vlissingen en Dudok van Heel
69:
22:
651:Departement van Marine (1869),
640:Departement van Marine (1858),
339:were significantly larger than
262:Dutch Naval Plans in the 1850s
16:Dutch class of steam corvettes
1:
1416:Prins Hendrik der Nederlanden
703:, Nederlandsche Staatscourant
1326:Nieuwe Rotterdamsche courant
1137:Nieuwe Rotterdamsche courant
692:, Hulst van Keulen Amsterdam
1344:Nederlandsche staatscourant
1273:Departement van Marine 1869
1260:Nederlandsche staatscourant
1242:Nederlandsche staatscourant
1225:Departement van Marine 1858
627:August 1876 decommissioned
455:(February 1865 – 1869) and
412:The ships were first named
1897:
1849:
1340:"Binnenlandsche Berigten"
1238:"Binnenlandsche Berigten"
1133:"Vlissingen, 16 Januarij"
1025:"Nieuwediep, 27 Augustus"
857:"Rotterdam, den 10 april"
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
356:Maritime Museum Rotterdam
124:
35:
21:
1151:"Vlissingen 30 Januarij"
953:"Middelburg 19 Februari"
819:, p. 2e afd p. 100.
795:, p. 2e afd p. 193.
783:, p. 2e afd p. 194.
771:, p. 2e afd p. 199.
578:29 September 1863 unfit
1286:"Nieuwe Diep, 11 April"
888:, p. 2nd part 171.
876:, p. 2nd part 159.
843:, p. 2e afd p. 12.
807:, p. 2e afd p. 90.
681:, Van Heteren Amsterdam
678:Memoriaal van de Marine
472:Vlissingen Navy Drydock
438:Siege of Antwerp (1832)
125:General characteristics
1423:Koning der Nederlanden
1209:Middelburgsche courant
1191:Middelburgsche courant
1101:Middelburgsche courant
957:Middelburgsche courant
939:Middelburgsche courant
831:, p. 2e afd p. 7.
686:Tideman, B.J. (1859),
675:Tideman, B.J. (1880),
657:, Gebroeders van Cleef
646:, Gebroeders van Cleef
531:Rijkswerf in Amsterdam
325:
307:
247:. The class comprised
245:Royal Netherlands Navy
177:250 nominal horsepower
77:Royal Netherlands Navy
1322:"Rotterdam, 29 April"
1155:Rotterdamsche courant
1119:Rotterdamsche courant
1115:"Vlissingen 16 April"
1007:"Vlissingen, 7 Julij"
989:"Vlissingen, 4 Julij"
975:Rotterdamsche courant
921:Rotterdamsche courant
899:"Amsterdam, 16 junij"
861:Rotterdamsche Courant
697:Tweede Kamer (1875),
609:Vice-Admiraal Koopman
585:Citadel van Antwerpen
566:Fop Smit, Kinderdijk
514:Vice Admiraal Koopman
507:Citadel van Antwerpen
491:Citadel van Antwerpen
484:Vlissingen Naval Base
470:was brought into the
468:Citadel van Antwerpen
464:Citadel van Antwerpen
457:Vice-Admiraal Koopman
453:Citadel van Antwerpen
442:Citadel van Antwerpen
394:Citadel van Antwerpen
348:Vice Admiraal Koopman
329:Citadel van Antwerpen
323:Citadel van Antwerpen
321:
305:
257:Vice-Admiraal Koopman
253:Citadel van Antwerpen
143:1,457-1,780 tons
87:Djambi-class corvette
60:, Fop Smit Kinderdijk
29:Vice Admiraal Koopman
1856:Single ship of class
1503:Unprotected cruisers
1308:Algemeen Handelsblad
1290:Algemeen Handelsblad
1262:. 26 September 1863.
1205:"Middelburg 24 Juni"
1173:Algemeen Handelsblad
1049:. 11 September 1869.
1029:Algemeen Handelsblad
1011:Algemeen Handelsblad
993:Algemeen Handelsblad
756:Algemeen Handelsblad
662:Huygens, H. (1857),
615:Rijkswerf Amsterdam
591:Rijkswerf Amsterdam
273:Smit van den Broecke
182:indicated horsepower
1833:Melvill van Carnbee
977:. 22 February 1865.
959:. 19 February 1865.
941:. 22 November 1864.
734:"Amsterdam, 11 Mei"
271:On 8 February 1855
57:Rijkswerf Amsterdam
1310:. 20 October 1856.
1157:. 1 February 1866.
1139:. 17 January 1866.
1079:"Scheepstijdingen"
758:. 2 February 1857.
326:
308:
1863:
1862:
1346:. 15 August 1858.
1187:"Marine en leger"
1097:"Marine en Leger"
1085:. 17 August 1870.
1031:. 29 August 1868.
971:"Marine en Leger"
935:"Marine en Leger"
917:"Marine en Leger"
817:Tweede Kamer 1875
805:Tweede Kamer 1875
721:Tweede Kamer 1875
631:
630:
624:6 September 1858
594:19 February 1856
512:On 23 March 1865
462:On 2 August 1864
382:were made by the
226:
225:
222:ship made of wood
83:Succeeded by
1888:
1817:Research vessels
1546:Adolf van Nassau
1391:
1384:
1377:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1328:. 30 April 1858.
1318:
1312:
1311:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1292:. 14 April 1858.
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1213:
1212:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1121:. 20 April 1865.
1111:
1105:
1104:
1103:. 25 March 1865.
1093:
1087:
1086:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1003:
997:
996:
985:
979:
978:
967:
961:
960:
949:
943:
942:
931:
925:
924:
923:. 3 August 1864.
913:
907:
906:
895:
889:
883:
877:
871:
865:
864:
863:. 11 April 1857.
853:
844:
838:
832:
826:
820:
814:
808:
802:
796:
790:
784:
778:
772:
766:
760:
759:
748:
742:
741:
730:
724:
718:
704:
693:
682:
671:
658:
647:
618:18 October 1856
612:(ex Leeuwarden)
536:
75:
73:
72:
26:
19:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1845:
1811:
1777:
1736:
1708:Paddle steamers
1702:
1647:
1606:
1571:Steam corvettes
1565:
1517:
1497:
1456:
1428:
1398:
1395:
1365:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1244:. 24 June 1857.
1236:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1216:
1211:. 25 June 1867.
1203:
1202:
1198:
1193:. 6 April 1867.
1185:
1184:
1180:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1067:. 25 July 1870.
1059:
1058:
1054:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1013:. 10 July 1868.
1005:
1004:
1000:
987:
986:
982:
969:
968:
964:
951:
950:
946:
933:
932:
928:
915:
914:
910:
905:. 18 June 1857.
897:
896:
892:
884:
880:
872:
868:
855:
854:
847:
839:
835:
827:
823:
815:
811:
803:
799:
791:
787:
779:
775:
767:
763:
750:
749:
745:
732:
731:
727:
719:
715:
711:
696:
685:
674:
661:
650:
639:
636:
588:(ex Dordrecht)
523:
489:On 4 July 1868
449:
410:
372:
363:
300:
291:
282:
269:
264:
241:steam corvettes
172:Installed power
70:
68:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1894:
1892:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1868:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1821:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1746:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1727:
1720:
1712:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1669:Haarlemmermeer
1665:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1631:
1624:
1616:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1601:Zilveren Kruis
1597:
1590:
1583:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1527:
1525:
1523:Steam frigates
1519:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1507:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1466:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1439:
1437:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1419:
1411:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1371:
1364:
1363:
1349:
1331:
1313:
1295:
1277:
1275:, p. 108.
1265:
1247:
1229:
1214:
1196:
1178:
1160:
1142:
1124:
1106:
1088:
1070:
1061:"Hoofdstuk IV"
1052:
1034:
1016:
998:
995:. 7 July 1868.
980:
962:
944:
926:
908:
890:
878:
866:
845:
833:
821:
809:
797:
785:
773:
761:
743:
740:. 12 May 1858.
725:
712:
710:
707:
706:
705:
694:
683:
672:
659:
648:
635:
632:
629:
628:
625:
622:
621:29 April 1858
619:
616:
613:
604:
603:
601:
600:11 April 1858
598:
595:
592:
589:
580:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
556:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
522:
519:
448:
445:
409:
406:
371:
368:
362:
359:
299:
296:
290:
287:
281:
278:
268:
265:
263:
260:
224:
223:
220:
216:
215:
212:
208:
207:
204:
200:
199:
198:(17 km/h)
192:
188:
187:
186:
185:
178:
173:
169:
168:
165:
161:
160:
157:
153:
152:
149:
145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
134:Steam Corvette
131:
127:
126:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
62:
61:
53:
49:
48:
42:
38:
37:
36:Class overview
33:
32:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1893:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1783:Torpedo boats
1780:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1612:Sloops-of-war
1609:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1560:Anna Paulowna
1557:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1472:
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1425:
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1405:
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1392:
1387:
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1359:
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1257:
1251:
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1239:
1233:
1230:
1227:, p. 84.
1226:
1221:
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1215:
1210:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1175:. 7 May 1866.
1174:
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1128:
1125:
1120:
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582:
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572:9 April 1857
571:
568:
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558:
557:
553:
551:Commissioned
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221:
218:
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213:
210:
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202:
201:
197:
193:
190:
189:
184:(520 kW)
183:
179:
176:
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171:
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166:
163:
162:
158:
155:
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108:
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93:In commission
92:
91:
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78:
67:
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54:
51:
50:
46:
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40:
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34:
30:
25:
20:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1750:
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1723:
1716:
1696:
1689:
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1620:
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1579:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1511:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1470:
1450:
1443:
1435:turret ships
1422:
1415:
1407:turret ships
1352:
1343:
1334:
1325:
1316:
1307:
1298:
1289:
1280:
1268:
1259:
1250:
1241:
1232:
1208:
1199:
1190:
1181:
1172:
1169:"Binnenland"
1163:
1154:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1064:
1055:
1046:
1043:"Binnenland"
1037:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1001:
992:
983:
974:
965:
956:
947:
938:
929:
920:
911:
902:
893:
886:Huygens 1857
881:
874:Huygens 1857
869:
860:
841:Tideman 1880
836:
829:Tideman 1880
824:
812:
800:
793:Tideman 1859
788:
781:Tideman 1859
776:
769:Tideman 1859
764:
755:
752:"Binnenland"
746:
737:
728:
716:
699:
688:
677:
667:
653:
642:
608:
584:
575:1 July 1857
560:
524:
521:Construction
513:
511:
506:
502:
498:
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488:
475:
467:
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461:
456:
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450:
441:
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417:
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401:
393:
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379:
373:
364:
351:
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345:
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336:
332:
328:
327:
322:
312:
309:
292:
283:
270:
256:
252:
248:
230:
229:
227:
140:Displacement
55:
44:
28:
1471:Heiligerlee
480:patent slip
354:are in the
1870:Categories
1826:Hydrograaf
1653:Gunvessels
1444:Schorpioen
634:References
545:Laid down
434:Leeuwarden
422:Leeuwarden
388:Feijenoord
376:horsepower
370:Propulsion
203:Complement
1690:Pontianak
1676:Soestdijk
1635:Watergeus
1587:Groningen
1553:De Ruyter
1532:Wassenaar
561:Groningen
548:Launched
542:Built by
478:onto the
430:Dordrecht
418:Dordrecht
414:Groningen
380:Groningen
352:Groningen
341:Groningen
313:Groningen
280:Plan 1855
249:Groningen
231:Groningen
109:Completed
65:Operators
45:Groningen
1806:Cerberus
1799:Ardjoeno
1742:Gunboats
1724:Ardjoeno
1697:Samarang
1628:Vesuvius
1539:Evertsen
1462:Monitors
1404:Ironclad
527:Fop Smit
361:Armament
211:Armament
117:Scrapped
52:Builders
1840:Buyskes
1751:Vahalis
1717:Sumatra
1642:Alkmaar
1492:Matador
1360:. 1877.
1083:De Tijd
1065:De Tijd
903:De Tijd
503:Citadel
499:Citadel
495:Citadel
476:Citadel
447:Rebuild
402:Citadel
337:Koopman
333:Citadel
243:of the
164:Draught
101:Planned
1662:Hector
1594:Djambi
1580:Medusa
1451:Buffel
738:De Tijd
298:Design
235:was a
219:Armour
148:Length
96:1857–?
74:
1772:Wodan
1765:Isala
1731:Bromo
1683:Riouw
1512:Atjeh
1485:Draak
1478:Adder
709:Notes
597:1857
569:1855
554:Fate
539:Name
451:Both
426:Lotsy
408:Names
237:class
233:class
196:knots
191:Speed
47:class
1758:Ever
1621:Bali
1433:Ram
432:and
420:and
335:and
255:and
228:The
180:700
156:Beam
130:Type
41:Name
482:of
390:.
386:in
239:of
206:180
1872::
1342:.
1324:.
1306:.
1288:.
1258:.
1240:.
1217:^
1207:.
1189:.
1171:.
1153:.
1135:.
1117:.
1099:.
1081:.
1063:.
1045:.
1027:.
1009:.
991:.
973:.
955:.
937:.
919:.
901:.
859:.
848:^
754:.
736:.
666:,
533:.
416:,
343:.
251:,
194:9
1853:S
1792:I
1390:e
1383:t
1376:v
120:3
112:3
104:3
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