381:, and when she gave birth to a son in 1427, he named this son Crown prince, and eagerly worked to promote her status further. Five Grand Secretaries were ordered to prepare a legal method to depose the empress. Grand Secretary Yang Shiqi, after failing to convince the emperor of the danger in deposing the empress without good reason, argued that it would offend his reputation. However, he was unable to avert her dismissal on the ground of having no son, being frequently ill, and of being sterile. He then suggested that she should respectfully resign herself, and that she should be well treated for the rest of her life.
411:
Hu was regarded with sympathy and her mother-in-law, the empress dowager, demonstrated her sympathy and friendship by often inviting her to stay with her in the
Qingning Palace, and giving her the place of an empress at banquets in the inner palace, even when her successor, Empress Sun was present.
444:, urged him to restore Hu's status as empress. Accordingly, in the summer of 1463, her title as empress was restored, a mausoleum was constructed for her according to the rites prescribed for an empress, and she was given the posthumous title
374:). Empress Hu was described as weak and sickly. The emperor did not like her for not having a son, and when she at one occasion advised him not to indulge in his love of travel, he resented her for meddling in affairs that did not concern her.
384:
And so in the spring of 1428, the emperor had
Empress Hu deposed from her position in favour of the mother of the crown prince, sent to Chang'an Palace and given a title of Immortal Teacher of Quietude and Maternal Compassion
1227:
326:). In 1417, she became the primary consort of Zhu Zhanji, the grandson-heir. Three years later in 1420, they had a daughter, the Princess Shunde. When Zhu Zhanji's father,
433:), and thus no longer enjoyed an equal status with Empress Sun. She died of illness in 1443. She was buried in Jinshan according to rites prescribed for a concubine.
1207:
840:
1243:
1215:
1211:
1025:
771:
752:
724:
645:
1203:
1289:
1073:
849:
1284:
1078:
1199:
63:
403:), previously given to deposed empresses who were forced to become nuns, although this religious element was not demanded of Hu.
1279:
1143:
1239:
1191:
554:
990:
833:
1299:
967:
932:
882:
1183:
1153:
1055:
800:
784:
509:
441:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1187:
1113:
1050:
1045:
1040:
952:
942:
927:
922:
826:
1219:
1195:
1103:
1015:
962:
937:
907:
887:
793:
81:
1294:
1274:
1148:
1138:
877:
1171:
872:
917:
767:
748:
720:
641:
311:
170:
416:
386:
357:
331:
265:
134:
458:
203:
32:
1108:
1035:
494:
482:
470:
327:
291:
147:
1268:
1163:
1065:
977:
1130:
1095:
1030:
1007:
985:
947:
912:
902:
892:
864:
437:
287:
37:
28:
764:
Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
1020:
897:
818:
810:
562:
549:
378:
91:
957:
356:
Upon the succession of Xuande to the throne in 1425, she became his empress (
17:
412:
When the empress dowager died in 1442, Hu lost an important ally at court.
319:
111:
536:
Princess
Yongqing (永清公主; d. 1433), the Xuande Emperor's second daughter
234:
533:
Princess Shunde (順德公主; 1420–1443), the Xuande
Emperor's first daughter
745:
Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women: Tang Through Ming, 618-1644
424:
394:
365:
339:
315:
273:
107:
822:
330:
ascended the throne in 1424, she was appointed Crown
Princess (
561:
Portrayed by Zhang Nan in the 2022 Chinese television series
698:
696:
683:
681:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
592:
590:
588:
586:
584:
582:
580:
578:
476:
Consort of the
Imperial Grandson-heir (皇太孫嬪; from 1417)
1162:
1129:
1094:
1064:
1006:
976:
863:
762:Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Wiles, Sue (28 January 2015).
251:
243:
233:
202:
192:
169:
141:
129:
117:
101:
97:
87:
77:
69:
62:
49:
743:Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Wiles, Sue (13 March 2014).
314:. Her given name was Hu Shanxiang. She came from
638:Concubinage and Servitude in Late Imperial China
322:. Her father, Hu Rong, was a company commander (
282:; 20 May 1402 – 5 December 1443), personal name
377:Xuande preferred the beautiful and intelligent
294:. She was posthumously honoured with the title
516:Empress Gongrang Chengshun Kangmu Jingci Zhang
446:Empress Gongrang Chengshun Kangmu Jingci Zhang
834:
53:
8:
518: (恭讓誠順康穆静慈章皇后; from the summer of 1463)
841:
827:
819:
780:
530:As consort of the Imperial Grandson-heir:
46:
702:
687:
672:
660:
623:
596:
574:
436:When Empress Dowager Sun died in 1462,
286:, was a Chinese empress consort of the
162: 1417; died 1435)
552:in the 2019 Chinese television series
189:
719:. Beijing Book Co. Inc. p. 199.
7:
500:Empress (皇后; from 27 June 1425)
64:Empress consort of the Ming dynasty
44:Empress consort of the Ming dynasty
25:
640:. Lexington Books. p. 286.
503:Jingci Xianshi (靜慈仙師; from 1428)
488:Crown Princess (皇太子妃; from 1424)
159:
636:Hsieh Bao Hua (18 June 2014).
464:Lady Hu (胡氏; from 20 May 1402)
429:
399:
370:
344:
310:1400 in Jining in present day
278:
1:
1228:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
850:Empresses of the Ming dynasty
508:During the reign of the
493:During the reign of the
469:During the reign of the
457:During the reign of the
307:
1290:15th-century Chinese people
1104:Grand Empress Dowager Zhang
1316:
1285:15th-century Chinese women
1114:Grand Empress Dowager Wang
1109:Grand Empress Dowager Zhou
415:She was ranked a consort (
26:
1180:
1122:
1087:
999:
856:
807:
798:
790:
783:
420:
390:
361:
335:
269:
209:
197:
188:
54:
1154:Empress Dowager Xiaochun
801:Empress consort of China
481:During the reign of the
213:Chéngshùn Kāngmù Jìngcí
1089:Grand empresses dowager
715:吴蔚 (1 September 2016).
306:Empress Hu was born in
1280:Ming dynasty empresses
512: (r. 1457–1464):
497: (r. 1425–1435):
473: (r. 1402–1424):
461: (r. 1398–1402):
1046:Empress Dowager Zhang
1016:Empress Dowager Zhang
811:Empress Xiaogongzhang
794:Empress Chengxiaozhao
296:Empress Gongrangzhang
92:Empress Xiaogongzhang
82:Empress Chengxiaozhao
50:Empress Gongrangzhang
1149:Empress Xiaoyuanzhen
1144:Empress Dowager Wang
1139:Empress Xiaoyizhuang
1124:Posthumous empresses
1074:Empress Dowager Wang
1051:Empress Dowager Chen
1041:Empress Dowager Wang
1036:Empress Dowager Zhou
1031:Empress Dowager Qian
703:Lee & Wiles 2015
688:Lee & Wiles 2014
673:Lee & Wiles 2015
661:Lee & Wiles 2014
624:Lee & Wiles 2015
597:Lee & Wiles 2014
407:Later life and death
1172:Noble Consort Zheng
1021:Empress Dowager Sun
73:27 June 1425 – 1428
1300:People from Jining
1079:Empress Dowager Ma
1056:Empress Dowager Li
1026:Empress Dowager Wu
543:In popular culture
198:Hu Shanxiang (胡善祥)
1262:
1261:
1001:Empresses dowager
858:Empresses consort
817:
816:
808:Succeeded by
773:978-1-317-51562-3
754:978-0-7656-4316-2
726:978-7-5162-1310-0
675:, p. 134-35.
663:, p. 134-35.
647:978-0-7391-4516-6
379:Noble Consort Sun
312:Shandong Province
290:, married to the
259:
258:
229:
228:
181:Princess Yongqing
16:(Redirected from
1307:
843:
836:
829:
820:
791:Preceded by
781:
777:
758:
731:
730:
712:
706:
700:
691:
685:
676:
670:
664:
658:
652:
651:
633:
627:
621:
600:
594:
510:Tianshun Emperor
485:(r. 1424 –1425)
442:Emperor Yingzong
431:
422:
401:
400:Jìng cí xiān shī
392:
372:
363:
346:
337:
309:
280:
271:
211:Empress Gōngràng
190:
163:
161:
135:Jinshan, Beijing
124:
58:
57:
56:
47:
21:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1176:
1158:
1125:
1118:
1090:
1083:
1060:
1002:
995:
972:
859:
852:
847:
813:
804:
796:
785:Chinese royalty
774:
761:
755:
747:. M.E. Sharpe.
742:
739:
734:
727:
714:
713:
709:
701:
694:
686:
679:
671:
667:
659:
655:
648:
635:
634:
630:
622:
603:
595:
576:
572:
545:
527:
459:Jianwen Emperor
454:
448:(恭讓誠順康穆静慈章皇后).
409:
354:
304:
204:Posthumous name
184:
178:Princess Shunde
165:
157:
153:
150:
137:
122:
121:5 December 1443
106:
52:
51:
45:
42:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1313:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1267:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1168:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1135:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1100:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1070:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1012:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1000:
997:
996:
994:
993:
988:
982:
980:
974:
973:
971:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
869:
867:
861:
860:
857:
854:
853:
848:
846:
845:
838:
831:
823:
815:
814:
809:
806:
797:
792:
788:
787:
779:
778:
772:
759:
753:
738:
735:
733:
732:
725:
707:
705:, p. 135.
692:
690:, p. 135.
677:
665:
653:
646:
628:
626:, p. 134.
601:
599:, p. 134.
573:
571:
568:
567:
566:
559:
544:
541:
540:
539:
538:
537:
534:
526:
523:
522:
521:
520:
519:
506:
505:
504:
501:
495:Xuande Emperor
491:
490:
489:
483:Hongxi Emperor
479:
478:
477:
471:Yongle Emperor
467:
466:
465:
453:
450:
408:
405:
353:
350:
345:huángtàizǐ fēi
328:Hongxi Emperor
303:
300:
292:Xuande Emperor
257:
256:
253:
249:
248:
245:
241:
240:
237:
231:
230:
227:
226:
207:
206:
200:
199:
195:
194:
186:
185:
183:
182:
179:
175:
173:
167:
166:
155:
151:
148:Xuande Emperor
146:
145:
143:
139:
138:
133:
131:
127:
126:
125:(aged 41)
119:
115:
114:
103:
99:
98:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
60:
59:
43:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1312:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1164:Southern Ming
1161:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1086:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1066:Southern Ming
1063:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1005:
998:
992:
989:
987:
984:
983:
981:
979:
978:Southern Ming
975:
969:
966:
964:
963:Empress Zhang
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
943:Empress Zhang
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
928:Empress Zhang
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
888:Empress Zhang
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
870:
868:
866:
862:
855:
851:
844:
839:
837:
832:
830:
825:
824:
821:
812:
803:
802:
795:
789:
786:
782:
775:
769:
766:. Routledge.
765:
760:
756:
750:
746:
741:
740:
736:
728:
722:
718:
711:
708:
704:
699:
697:
693:
689:
684:
682:
678:
674:
669:
666:
662:
657:
654:
649:
643:
639:
632:
629:
625:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
610:
608:
606:
602:
598:
593:
591:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
575:
569:
564:
560:
557:
556:
551:
548:Portrayed by
547:
546:
542:
535:
532:
531:
529:
528:
524:
517:
514:
513:
511:
507:
502:
499:
498:
496:
492:
487:
486:
484:
480:
475:
474:
472:
468:
463:
462:
460:
456:
455:
451:
449:
447:
443:
440:, consort of
439:
434:
432:
426:
418:
413:
406:
404:
402:
396:
388:
382:
380:
375:
373:
367:
359:
351:
349:
347:
341:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
301:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
275:
267:
263:
255:Lady Liu (劉氏)
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
236:
232:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
205:
201:
196:
191:
187:
180:
177:
176:
174:
172:
168:
149:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
120:
116:
113:
109:
104:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
72:
68:
65:
61:
48:
40:
39:
34:
30:
19:
1216:N. Dynasties
1212:S. Dynasties
991:Empress Wang
986:Empress Zeng
968:Empress Zhou
953:Empress Chen
948:Empress Fang
938:Empress Chen
923:Empress Wang
913:Empress Hang
908:Empress Wang
903:Empress Qian
893:Hu Shanxiang
799:
763:
744:
716:
710:
668:
656:
637:
631:
555:Ming Dynasty
553:
515:
445:
438:Empress Qian
435:
428:
414:
410:
398:
383:
376:
369:
355:
343:
323:
305:
295:
288:Ming dynasty
284:Hu Shanxiang
283:
277:
261:
260:
247:Hu Rong (胡榮)
222:
218:
214:
210:
123:(1443-12-05)
36:
29:Chinese name
18:Hu Shanxiang
1295:1402 births
1275:1443 deaths
1208:16 Kingdoms
933:Empress Xia
898:Empress Sun
563:Royal Feast
550:Deng Jiajia
371:Hú húanghòu
279:Hú húanghòu
105:20 May 1402
78:Predecessor
33:family name
1269:Categories
1200:3 Kingdoms
958:Wang Xijie
918:Empress Wu
883:Empress Xu
878:Empress Ma
873:Empress Ma
805:1425–1428
570:References
302:Early life
262:Empress Hu
88:Successor
320:Shandong
112:Shandong
27:In this
737:Sources
717:大明惊变（上）
417:Chinese
387:Chinese
358:Chinese
352:Empress
332:Chinese
266:Chinese
164:
156:
152:
1240:W. Xia
1182:Xia →
770:
751:
723:
644:
452:Titles
427::
425:pinyin
419::
397::
395:pinyin
389::
368::
366:pinyin
360::
342::
340:pinyin
334::
316:Jining
276::
274:pinyin
268::
252:Mother
244:Father
239:Hu (胡)
221:誠順康穆静慈
142:Spouse
130:Burial
108:Jining
70:Tenure
38:Hu (胡)
31:, the
1184:Shang
525:Issue
324:baihu
215:Zhāng
193:Names
171:Issue
158:(
154:
55:恭讓章皇后
1256:Qing
1252:Ming
1248:Yuan
1236:Song
1232:Liao
1224:Tang
1188:Zhou
1131:Ming
1096:Ming
1008:Ming
865:Ming
768:ISBN
749:ISBN
721:ISBN
642:ISBN
391:静慈仙师
336:皇太子妃
235:Clan
118:Died
102:Born
1244:Jīn
1220:Sui
1204:Jìn
1196:Han
1192:Qin
430:fēi
362:胡皇后
348:).
318:in
270:胡皇后
223:章皇后
35:is
1271::
1254:→
1250:→
1246:→
1242:/
1238:/
1234:/
1230:→
1226:→
1222:→
1218:→
1214:/
1210:→
1206:/
1202:→
1198:→
1194:→
1190:→
1186:→
695:^
680:^
604:^
577:^
423:;
393:;
364:;
338:;
308:c.
298:.
272:;
219:恭讓
160:m.
110:,
842:e
835:t
828:v
776:.
757:.
729:.
650:.
565:.
558:.
421:妃
385:(
264:(
225:)
217:(
41:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.