947:
959:
935:
914:
259:
Huai is traditionally held to have succeeded his father Zhu and been succeeded by his son Mang. Aside from this, all reign periods and lengths are speculative and unverifiable.
878:
910:
237:, the minister Luobo (洛伯) fought with minister Fengyi (冯夷) at He(河). In the 33rd year of his regime, he assigned the son of Kunwu as minister in
707:
619:
894:
627:
601:
574:
551:
866:
862:
487:
854:
979:
858:
850:
435:
890:
106:
925:
204:
Extant sources offer little information on Huai's reign; they are mainly limited to court appointments and assemblies.
700:
543:
842:
669:
388:
834:
906:
902:
898:
886:
882:
874:
838:
594:
164:
870:
846:
830:
693:
533:
470:
462:
The
Chinese Classics: A Translation Critical and Exegetical Notes, Prolegomena, And Copious Indexes
504:
623:
597:
570:
547:
67:
939:
525:
496:
176:
238:
171:, both the dynasty and its rulers are of highly uncertain and controversial historicity.
478:
460:
963:
615:
973:
529:
508:
456:
446:
295:
135:
588:
951:
783:
748:
728:
369:
367:
168:
539:
The
Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 BC
537:
138:. His reign length varies considerably in sources, either around 26 or 44 years.
768:
717:
677:
646:
566:
466:
248:
147:
124:
120:
84:
72:
56:
36:
808:
798:
788:
773:
758:
743:
662:
500:
216:
94:
46:
227:
803:
753:
733:
427:
223:
185:
685:
793:
778:
738:
584:
79:
244:
He created a prison called yuantu (圜土) in the 36th year of his reign.
113:
26:
234:
280:
174:
Herbert J. Allen notes that the character for Huai's name and the
689:
327:
325:
528:(1999). "China on the Eve of the Historical Period". In
923:
495:(1). Translated by Allen, Herbert J.: 93–110 1895.
90:
78:
66:
62:
52:
42:
34:
21:
373:
701:
612:Imperial China: The Definitive Visual History
561:Morton, W. Scott; Lewis, Charlton M. (2004).
151:
111:
24:
8:
399:
355:
331:
708:
694:
686:
637:
261:
18:
163:BCE) is the first dynasty of traditional
207:Huai ascended the throne in the year of
930:
321:
620:Encyclopedia of China Publishing House
263:Differing reign lengths of Huai (BCE)
343:
7:
488:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
180:tree are the same. His name is read
222:In the 3rd year of his reign, nine
14:
827:The Xia rulers are semi-legendary
957:
945:
933:
483:, Chapter II – The Hsia Dynasty"
450:] (in Traditional Chinese).
563:China: Its History and Culture
457:The Annals of the Bamboo Books
192:(芬). His name is also read as
152:
112:
110:
25:
1:
879:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
157:
128:
247:He was succeeded by his son
16:8th ruler of the Xia dynasty
996:
544:Cambridge University Press
824:
815:
724:
674:
667:
659:
654:
640:
501:10.1017/S0035869X00022784
273:
270:
267:
980:Kings of the Xia dynasty
441:
433:[Emperor Huai].
429:
233:In the 16th year of his
332:Morton & Lewis 2004
230:) came to his capital.
37:King of the Xia dynasty
595:Crown Publishers, Inc.
534:Shaughnessy, Edward L.
165:Chinese historiography
123:of the semi-legendary
200:Traditional narrative
590:The Chinese Heritage
215:), after his father
188:; his other name is
264:
481:Historical Records
274:Speculative Years
262:
921:
920:
684:
683:
675:Succeeded by
629:978-0-7440-2047-2
603:978-0-517-54475-4
576:978-0-07-146526-7
553:978-0-521-47030-8
526:Chang, Kwang-chih
346:, pp. 71–73.
308:
307:
100:
99:
987:
962:
961:
960:
950:
949:
948:
938:
937:
936:
929:
819:
710:
703:
696:
687:
660:Preceded by
638:
633:
607:
580:
557:
512:
479:"Ssŭma Ch'ien's
474:
465:. Translated by
451:
406:
397:
391:
386:
380:
371:
362:
353:
347:
341:
335:
329:
265:
177:Sophora japonica
162:
161: 2070–1600
159:
155:
154:
133:
132: 2070–1600
130:
118:
117:
116:
30:
29:
19:
995:
994:
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986:
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956:
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604:
583:
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477:
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372:
365:
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318:
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257:
202:
160:
144:
131:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
993:
991:
983:
982:
972:
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967:
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954:
942:
919:
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822:
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655:Regnal titles
652:
651:
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641:
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628:
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581:
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558:
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530:Loewe, Michael
521:
520:
514:
513:
475:
452:
423:
422:
416:
414:
411:
408:
407:
405:, p. 108.
392:
381:
379:, p. 315.
375:Imperial China
363:
361:, p. 110.
348:
336:
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305:
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32:
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15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
992:
981:
978:
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888:
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880:
876:
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836:
832:
828:
823:
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797:
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782:
780:
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752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
723:
719:
716:Kings of the
711:
706:
704:
699:
697:
692:
691:
688:
679:
672:
671:
670:King of China
664:
658:
653:
649:
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631:
625:
621:
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609:
605:
599:
596:
592:
591:
586:
582:
578:
572:
568:
564:
559:
555:
549:
545:
542:. Cambridge:
541:
540:
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:
519:
516:
515:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:
484:
482:
476:
472:
468:
464:
463:
458:
453:
449:
448:
447:Bamboo Annals
440:
439:
438:
437:Zhúshū Jìnián
432:
425:
424:
421:
418:
417:
412:
404:
403:in Allen 1895
402:
396:
393:
390:
385:
382:
378:
376:
370:
368:
364:
360:
359:in Allen 1895
358:
352:
349:
345:
340:
337:
334:, p. 14.
333:
328:
326:
322:
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310:
303:
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296:Bamboo Annals
293:
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254:
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205:
199:
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191:
187:
184:according to
183:
179:
178:
172:
170:
167:. Founded by
166:
149:
141:
139:
137:
136:Ancient China
126:
122:
115:
108:
104:
96:
93:
89:
86:
83:
81:
77:
74:
71:
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61:
58:
55:
51:
48:
45:
41:
38:
33:
28:
20:
867:N. Dynasties
863:S. Dynasties
826:
763:
729:Yu the Great
668:
645:
642:Huai of Xia
614:. New York:
611:
593:. New York:
589:
565:. New York:
562:
538:
517:
492:
486:
480:
467:Legge, James
461:
445:
436:
434:
419:
400:
395:
384:
374:
356:
351:
339:
294:
279:
258:
246:
243:
232:
221:
212:
208:
206:
203:
193:
189:
181:
175:
173:
169:Yu the Great
145:
102:
101:
859:16 Kingdoms
718:Xia dynasty
647:Xia dynasty
585:Wu Kuo-Chen
567:McGraw-Hill
148:Xia dynasty
125:Xia dynasty
121:eighth king
85:Xia dynasty
43:Predecessor
851:3 Kingdoms
744:Zhong Kang
469:. London:
344:Chang 1999
311:References
304:1851–1807
289:2040–2015
255:Chronology
224:barbarians
219:had died.
142:Background
119:) was the
940:Biography
754:Shao Kang
509:250351018
428:"Dì Fēn"
316:Citations
186:Sima Zhen
53:Successor
974:Category
794:Kong Jia
779:Bu Jiang
739:Tai Kang
622:. 2020.
587:(1982).
536:(eds.).
389:Page 112
134:BCE) of
964:History
926:Portals
473:. 1865.
471:Trübner
413:Sources
271:Length
268:Source
107:Chinese
80:Dynasty
891:W. Xia
626:
600:
573:
550:
518:Modern
507:
241:(有苏).
235:regime
109::
91:Father
952:China
835:Shang
784:Jiong
749:Xiang
505:S2CID
444:[
420:Early
281:Shiji
239:Yousu
68:Issue
907:Qing
903:Ming
899:Yuan
887:Song
883:Liao
875:Tang
839:Zhou
769:Mang
764:Huai
678:Mang
624:ISBN
618:and
598:ISBN
571:ISBN
548:ISBN
442:竹書紀年
377:2020
249:Mang
209:Wuzi
146:The
103:Huai
73:Mang
57:Mang
35:8th
22:Huai
915:PRC
911:ROC
895:Jīn
871:Sui
855:Jìn
847:Han
843:Qin
831:Xia
809:Jie
799:Gao
789:Jin
774:Xie
759:Zhu
663:Zhu
497:doi
459:".
301:44
286:26
217:Zhu
194:Hai
190:Fen
182:Hui
95:Zhu
47:Zhu
976::
913:/
909:→
905:→
901:→
897:→
893:/
889:/
885:/
881:→
877:→
873:→
869:→
865:/
861:→
857:/
853:→
849:→
845:→
841:→
837:→
833:→
804:Fa
734:Qi
616:DK
569:.
546:.
532:;
503:.
493:27
491:.
485:.
430:帝芬
401:SJ
366:^
357:SJ
324:^
251:.
228:九夷
213:戊子
196:.
158:c.
156:;
153:夏朝
129:c.
928::
818:夏
709:e
702:t
695:v
632:.
606:.
579:.
556:.
511:.
499::
455:"
226:(
211:(
150:(
127:(
114:槐
105:(
27:槐
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