706:. In its response, the UN Committee expressed concern at the lack of clarity in Burundian law surrounding the status of torture in the statute books, and recommended the government focus on implementing the CATCIDTP domestically and formulate a legislative definition of torture. Concern was also expressed by the Committee at the lack of provision in the Criminal Code relating to protection whilst in police custody, and available access to legal aid. The Working Group reiterated these messages, but highlighted an overall decline in reported torture cases since 2007. The number of torture cases greatly increased during the
797:). Most repatriated citizens returning since the 1993 conflict had found their properties either already occupied or requisitioned by the State. This had led to problems with destitution and homelessness. The report noted the saturation of the courts with cases of land disputes; the consequent judicial delay leading to violence between parties. With the aim of settling these disputes, the government had set up the Land and Other Properties Commission which sought to resolve these land problems and rehabilitate victims. However, a 2008 report of the
687:
weapons to civilians associated with the CNDD-FDD and police officers provided military training to civilians. Additionally, individual conceptions of justice had resulted in isolated cases of lynching. The
Working Group cited judicial delay as a major factor in inciting people to take justice into their own hands. General governmental and police inertia had contributed to the perception that State institutions cannot provide protection, and that citizens must be accountable for their own safety.
32:
897:; lack of judicial dependence and efficiency, and judicial corruption; detention and imprisonment of social prisoners and political detainees; and restrictions on freedom of speech, assembly, and association, especially for political parties. Domestic and sexual violence and discrimination against women remained problems. Homosexuality remains widely unaccepted for the Burundi people, and their government.
2291:
398:
925:
Rights Watch and the
Committee to Protect Journalists protested the verdict, the latter reiterating its belief that "Burundi should decriminalize press offenses and allow journalists to speak and write freely without fear of harassment or arrest". In early 2018, Human Rights Watch published documents on how Burundi's security services and members of the ruling party
2091:
2167:
539:
2148:
2110:
612:
schoolgirls were arrested for doodling on a portrait of
President Nkurunziza's face in their schoolbooks. Four of them, the youngest of whom was 13, were released, but the remaining three were formally charged on March 18 with "insulting the head of state" which carries a jail sentence of up to five years.
870:
In the wake of the 2010 elections, Human Rights Watch reported that the
National Intelligence Service arbitrarily practiced physical and psychological torture on members of the opposition who had been arrested on a variety of dubious charges, including 'threatening state security' and 'participation
483:
In 2010, the incumbent CNDD-FDD party won its second municipal elections, despite accusations of intimidation, fraud, inciting political violence, and restricting freedoms of association and expression around election time. Accordingly, the legitimacy of these newly established institutions of State
611:
noted several instances during and after the election where journalists had been targeted for criticizing the government. This included arbitrary arrests, threats, detainment, and beatings. Consequently, in 2011 Burundi was given the press status of 'Not Free' by the NGO. In March 2019, seven minor
764:
The phenomenon of sexual violence, particularly against women and children, was cited by the
Working Group as one of the critical areas for concern. However, there was a significant lack of data pertaining to the number of sexual assaults taking place throughout the country; this was partly due to
599:
documented a range of violations during the elections, including campaigning before the legally authorized campaign period, assassinations, arbitrary arrests, verbal confrontations, fraud, restrictions on the right to free assembly, bribery, and hiring and firing based on political affiliation. At
587:
particularly volatile. As polls closed in June, it was reported that "the voting was held against the backdrop of daily grenade blasts that threatened to push the country back into civil strife", and that political freedom was severely compromised. The
Burundian non-governmental organization (NGO)
570:
mandate in the country in
September 2011. This coincides with a rapid rise in politically motivated killings and general impunity throughout the country. The Burundian government, however, has been reluctant in providing adequate financial support to the Commission, thus its ability to investigate
831:
Prison conditions in
Burundi are dire. Decent food, clothing, hygiene and medical care cannot be properly funded by their low budget. The prisons are also overcrowded. In November 2018 10,987 persons were officially detained in Burundi's prisons, which are only designed to hold 4,195. NGO workers
818:
Although the
Constitution guarantees the right to a fair trial, the exercise of this right is often undermined by the inadequacy of human, financial, material and logistic resources. Amnesty International noted in its submission to the Working Group that the judiciary is hindered by corruption, a
924:
and called for his "immediate and unconditional release." On 13 May 2011, Kavumbagu was acquitted of treason, but found guilty on the charge of publishing an article "likely to discredit the state or economy". He was sentenced to eight months' imprisonment and was released for time served. Human
752:
study in 2010 found 68% of households in
Burundi living in poverty, and 17% of children orphaned because of AIDS). In spite of the government's insistence that it does not recruit soldiers under the age of 18, the report also highlighted concerns that the recruitment of child soldiers persists.
686:
Although guaranteed in the Constitution, the 1993-2005 civil war led to massive violations of the right to life. A primary cause behind these violations was the proliferation of firearms among the civil population. A 2011 Human Rights Watch report suggested that government officials distributed
735:
However, the report noted that despite these efforts at the governmental level, the gender approach had not been fully accepted by Burundian society. The disparity manifested itself most notably at the public service level; women were vastly underrepresented at all levels of decision making in
844:
issued in March 2009, the HRC adopted all recommendations the Working Group made in respect of Burundi. In particular, the Council applauded the introduction of a new penal code which criminalized war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, torture, rape and sexual violence, and guaranteed
1996:
459:
is governed as a presidential representative democratic republic, with an estimated population of 10,557,259 in 2012. The country has experienced a long history of social unrest and ethnic tension between the Hutu majority and Tutsi minority, with successive civil wars jeopardizing national
823:
urged Burundi to 'refrain, as a matter of priority, from arbitrary detention, extrajudicial and arbitrary executions...and ensure that persons arrested or detained on criminal charges are held in official places of detention'. There have been many cases of extrajudicial killings during the
892:
Government security forces continued to commit numerous serious human rights abuses, including killings, rapes, and beatings of civilians and detainees with widespread impunity. Human rights problems also included vigilante abuse and personal score-settling; rape of men and boys; harsh,
2129:
535:
2357:
The 1982 report covers the year 1981 and the first half of 1982, and the following 1984 report covers the second half of 1982 and the whole of 1983. In the interest of simplicity, these two aberrant "year and a half" reports have been split into three year-long reports through
484:
has been drawn into question in light of the irregularities and repression of the elections. The major challenge facing the advancement of human rights in Burundi continues to stem from the continuance of political volatility, and the persistence of discriminatory remedies of
480:(FNL), and a new Constitution was adopted by national referendum in 2005. The Constitution established cognitive institutions of State, including the Executive, Judiciary, and Legislature, with a view to promoting the rule of law and a more cogent human rights framework.
2262:
550:
In 2000, a rudimentary Governmental Commission on Human Rights was set up, which at the recommendation of the 2008 Universal Periodic Review (UPR) became the National Independent Human Rights Commission in 2009. However, the institution is yet to be accredited by the
776:
that there is a strong correlation between areas of intense military activity and high incidences of sexual violence. Furthermore, Amnesty International claims rape, in addition to physical mutilation, was used during the 1993-2005 conflict as 'a strategy of war'
2053:
2243:
736:
government. The Working Group thus recommended the national gender policy be extended to adopt an array of changes equalizing laws of succession, taxation, adultery, the selling of family assets, labour codes, and the standardization of the age of marriage.
2224:
531:
473:
2015:
691:
1977:
1920:
2205:
4152:
2532:
2034:
552:
810:. The 1993 crisis destroyed a substantial number of settlements, which gave rise to a significant humanitarian challenge. A governmental housing policy had met the needs of some, but not the majority of, destitute Burundians.
3783:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 12. Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty. New York, 15 December 1989"
3899:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 11c. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. New York, 25 May 2000"
304:
4044:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 11d. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure. New York, 19 December 2011. New York, 10 December 2008"
747:
The report noted that the situation of children in Burundi is deteriorating. Ongoing conflict, poverty, and high rates of HIV/AIDS were cited as the main factors contributing to the plight of Burundian children. (A
1899:
516:
2921:
3812:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 13. International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families. New York, 18 December 1990"
3870:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 11b. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict. New York, 25 May 2000"
1939:
508:
832:
believe that many detainees receive no legal assistance, accused persons stay imprisoned without trial for long periods of time and that penal alternatives to prison sentencing must be introduced.
853:
Although the aforementioned amendments were introduced to the statute books in 2009, in the same revision the government officially criminalized same-sex relations. The Burundian gay rights group
3638:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 6. Convention on the non-applicability of statutory limitations to war crimes and crimes against humanity. New York, 26 November 1968"
634:
of the Working Group, Burundi's Criminal Code was criticized for a number of shortcomings. The Working Group highlighted several areas of concern for the development of human rights, including:
460:
development since Burundi's decolonization as a Belgian territory in 1962. The most recent conflict broke out in 1993 with the assassination of Burundi's first democratically elected president,
867:
report that prison conditions remain poor, and more than 60% of inmates are pre-trial detainees. Little progress has been made in the area of improving public defender and legal aid services.
3841:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 8b. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. New York, 6 October 1999"
3222:
600:
least six political parties had committed offenses, but the ruling CNDD-FDD was cited as most frequently responsible. In the wake of the elections (which the incumbent CNDD-FDD and President
940:
presidential, legislative and communal elections on May 20. The elections were mutilated by violence, arrests of opposition members, including candidates, and a crackdown on free speech.
3956:
3873:
4043:
4015:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 3a. Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. New York, 10 December 2008"
3902:
3725:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 9. Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. New York, 10 December 1984"
161:
4018:
3986:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 16. International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. New York, 20 December 2006"
3844:
3989:
3927:
3811:
3782:
3753:
3724:
583:
noted in a 2011 report that repressive tactics are often taken out by political parties with a view to precluding other parties from electoral success. This practice rendered the
3695:
3666:
3641:
3612:
3579:
3550:
3521:
3492:
2186:
3667:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 7. International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid. New York, 30 November 1973"
4487:
4257:
1958:
504:
947:
demanded the release of Burundian human rights defender Germain Rukuki, who is currently serving an outrageous 32-year prison sentence simply for advocating for human rights.
785:
Because of the prevalence of conflict in Burundi since independence, the country has witnessed a massive exodus of Burundian refugees to neighboring countries (predominantly
3957:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 15a. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, 13 December 2006"
2550:
3609:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 5. Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. New York, 16 December 1966"
3522:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 2. International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. New York, 7 March 1966"
604:
won after the opposition pulled out), reciprocal killings were perpetrated by the government against the former rebel group, and its main opposition rival, the Hutu FNL.
523:(Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment – CATCIDTP). Articles 13-19 of the Burundian Constitution embody these rights.
3696:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 8. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. New York, 18 December 1979"
4126:
2446:
627:
4894:
3162:
857:
has since reported cases of forced evictions of homosexuals. However, it is noted that homophobia in Burundi is not as extreme as cases in other African countries,
756:
The report also noted the lack of a juvenile justice system. The holding of children in the same cells as convicted adults made them extremely vulnerable to abuse.
206:
2913:
2799:
4402:
566:
called on the government to strengthen its support for the NIHRC. The role of a national Commission has become increasingly important since the termination of a
3253:
3132:
798:
620:
The Working Group on the UPR, in accordance with the Human Rights Council (HRC), held its review on Burundi in December 2009. The next UPR is planned for 2014.
435:
2969:
4242:
4138:
3493:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 1. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. Paris, 9 December 1948"
2875:
819:
lack of resources and training, and executive interference. Consequently, a large number of cases go unreported. In its submission to the Working Group, the
3551:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 3. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. New York, 16 December 1966"
886:
The constitution addresses issues such as freedom of speech and of the press; however, the government generally did not respect these rights in practice.
512:
376:
149:
4114:
3464:
2494:
3021:
2899:
2518:
2470:
3394:
4262:
2341:
Note that the "Year" signifies the "Year covered". Therefore the information for the year marked 2008 is from the report published in 2009, and so on.
703:
556:
520:
3214:
4603:
3360:
342:
3928:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 15. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, 13 December 2006"
2611:
3580:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 4. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. New York, 16 December 1966"
3429:
2582:
4801:
4179:
753:
Partisan youth groups add to political volatility, raising concerns that youth could easily be manipulated into carrying out acts of violence.
324:
320:
62:
4669:
2072:
584:
267:
4867:
3043:
2689:
901:
279:
245:
4047:
3960:
3898:
3869:
3312:
4014:
3840:
950:
On 18 May 2022, Human Rights Watch published a report that human rights abuses by Imbonerakure members have substantially worsened since
4089:
3985:
3931:
3815:
3786:
3757:
858:
567:
542:(OPCAT). During the UPR, a panel of 41 delegations praised Burundi's ratification of a substantial number of international instruments.
371:
194:
3728:
3699:
3670:
3637:
3608:
3583:
3554:
3525:
3496:
2824:
3098:
5097:
4616:
4277:
428:
4713:
3754:"United Nations Treaty Collection: Chapter IV: Human Rights: 11. Convention on the Rights of the Child. New York, 20 November 1989"
4073:
2546:
2092:
Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty
5132:
5127:
4840:
4147:
3128:
2990:
864:
794:
381:
2168:
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography
4920:
4689:
3274:
262:
250:
52:
4845:
4642:
4569:
2304:
1868:
894:
889:
In April 2009, 782 people were arrested arbitrarily during the political unrest between political factions and the military.
820:
124:
2636:
3338:
491:
Burundi has, since gaining its independence, been cited as a State guilty of widespread violations of human rights. A 2010
4996:
4945:
4877:
4632:
4317:
4123:
3184:
3154:
2773:
2439:
1001:
875:
624:
477:
284:
87:
2736:
929:
beat, raped, and killed suspected opponents during the month of May. The referendum for constitution was held on May 17.
5137:
5036:
4813:
4596:
4513:
4427:
4417:
4222:
3083:
2309:
421:
408:
297:
2943:
2795:
4860:
4706:
4560:
4556:
4432:
4322:
4252:
3249:
156:
841:
3286:
3124:
2737:"The Burundi schoolgirls arrested for doodling on President's photo are still in custody despite order to free them"
2711:
5066:
4940:
4835:
4492:
4377:
4362:
4347:
4302:
4237:
4172:
2961:
492:
4552:
4135:
2868:
4991:
4889:
4884:
4760:
4735:
4367:
2314:
540:
Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
527:
332:
112:
100:
4412:
5016:
4750:
4652:
4467:
4442:
4292:
4287:
4267:
4232:
4217:
4111:
2487:
2149:
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict
1419:
181:
1850:
951:
93:
4543:
4539:
4530:
4521:
2111:
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
5061:
5041:
5006:
4960:
4796:
4791:
4589:
4452:
4422:
4407:
4392:
4382:
4372:
4337:
4332:
4282:
4202:
3387:
117:
45:
4517:
3457:
5046:
4935:
4823:
4462:
4457:
4397:
4352:
4312:
4207:
4188:
2319:
921:
694:, although it has expressed interest in amending the Criminal Code insofar abolishing capital punishment.
347:
4850:
4437:
4387:
4342:
4327:
4307:
4297:
4272:
4212:
4165:
4081:
3218:
2603:
944:
917:
913:
801:
noted the Commission has limited powers and 'is not able to handle disputes within expected timelines'.
580:
137:
2657:
2574:
1997:
Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity
592:
579:
Despite the flourishing of multiparty politics in Burundi (an unusual characteristic for the region),
5011:
4955:
4872:
4830:
4808:
4755:
4740:
4723:
4447:
4357:
4247:
3422:
2386:
1107:
963:
231:
202:
83:
503:
Burundi has ratified and acceded to a number of significant human rights instruments, including the
5071:
5026:
4986:
4779:
4765:
4745:
4701:
2324:
2130:
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
765:
cultural prejudice, meaning some cases are not reported and instead adjudicated within the family.
536:
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
218:
213:
22:
4136:
Summary of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review prepared by the Human Rights Council
4102:
2374:
5090:
4974:
4950:
4908:
4659:
4647:
4624:
4106:
4086:
3158:
3064:
3035:
2681:
1574:
933:
905:
563:
337:
105:
878:
highlighted that Burundi had made progress in only one of its 15 Millennium Development Goals.
773:
5031:
5001:
4674:
3015:
2893:
2512:
2464:
1610:
601:
310:
5106:
5056:
5051:
4855:
4696:
3188:
2820:
2263:
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a Communications Procedure
1020:
988:
909:
900:
Burundi's government has been repeatedly criticized by human rights organizations including
825:
806:
707:
469:
461:
144:
5021:
4925:
4142:
4130:
4118:
4093:
4077:
3102:
993:
893:
life-threatening prison and detention center conditions; prolonged prenatal detention and
631:
596:
4070:
2054:
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
31:
4039:
4010:
3981:
3952:
3923:
3894:
3865:
3836:
3807:
3778:
3749:
3720:
3691:
3662:
3633:
3604:
3575:
3546:
3517:
3488:
2296:
2244:
Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
1904:
402:
360:
2997:
2225:
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance
532:
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance
5121:
4664:
4097:
3453:
3418:
3383:
3356:
1400:
1296:
967:
608:
485:
2016:
International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid
692:
Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
1978:
First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
926:
3185:"Burundi: Arrest of journalist and human rights defender Mr Jean-Claude Kavumbagu"
2632:
1921:
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
474:
National Council for the Defense of Democracy–Forces for the Defense of Democracy
2914:"Burundi: Extrajudicial executions and systematic killings must be investigated"
2767:
954:
became president in 2020, particularly in the northwestern part of the country.
4124:
National Report Submitted to the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review
3192:
559:. Its current role as an investigatory and reporting body remains unfulfilled.
2286:
2206:
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
448:
In 2022, Freedom House rated Burundi's human rights at 14 out 100 (not free).
2845:
845:
children's rights. It also encouraged the ongoing development of the NIHRC.
769:
2035:
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
728:
Integrating the gender dimension throughout all government ministries; and
553:
International Coordinating Committee of National Human Rights Institutions
4157:
786:
465:
702:
The Working Group noted that in 2006, Burundi submitted a report to the
4612:
2712:"Three Burundi schoolgirls face jail for doodling on President's photo"
937:
456:
2796:"Burundi: 348 'extrajudicial' killings in 12 months - UN - Africanews"
790:
749:
718:
The Working Group noted that the Burundian government had taken step
3388:"Freedom in the World 2013: Democratic Breakthroughs in the Balance"
3313:"Burundi: It's time to release human rights defender Germain Rukuki"
1900:
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
731:
Taking steps towards the establishment of a National Gender Council.
517:
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
4581:
2658:"Перманентный Макияж Бровей Киев - Перманентный макияж бровей цена"
804:
The abrogation of the rights of victims also fed directly into the
739:
The 1993-2005 conflict particularly heightened gender-based abuse.
4684:
4637:
2547:"Burundi: Strengthen Support for National Human Rights Commission"
671:
Lack of an adequate supervisory system in places of detention; and
3215:"BURUNDI: DEMAND RELEASE OF ONLINE EDITOR: JEAN-CLAUDE KAVUMBAGU"
571:
serious violations of human rights is significantly compromised.
495:
report named Burundi as the most corrupt country in East Africa.
464:, and led to large-scale violations of human rights and general
4585:
4161:
1940:
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
962:
The following chart shows Burundi's ratings since 1972 in the
854:
678:
The report also examined key areas of concern in more detail.
674:
Proposed criminal sanctions in the Code against homosexuality.
509:
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
2846:"Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees"
3275:
UN Human Rights Body: Renew Mandate of Burundi Investigation
472:
of August 2000, peace was brokered between rebel groups the
305:
Ministry of External Relations and International Cooperation
725:
Formulating an action plan for the implementation thereof;
589:
3339:"Burundi: Suspected Opponents Killed, Detained, Tortured"
3093:
3091:
2482:
2480:
607:
While freedom of speech is constitutionally guaranteed,
1873:
981:
3155:"Burundi: Free Journalist Detained on Treason Charges"
3125:"Burundi must free Kavumbagu, halt flawed prosecution"
2187:
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
1959:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
546:
National Independent Human Rights Commission (NIHRC)
505:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
4973:
4907:
4778:
4722:
4623:
4501:
4476:
4195:
662:
The practice of marriage between rapist and victim;
499:
International Legal Instruments Ratified by Burundi
3250:"Burundi: Journalist Acquitted of Treason Charges"
3099:"Burundi | Amnesty International Report 2009"
2387:"The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency"
912:for the multiple arrests and trials of journalist
722:Formulating and adopting a national gender policy;
3287:"Burundi: Intimidation, Arrests During Elections"
488:in the absence of an accountable justice system.
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2426:
555:, thus lacks the key element of compliance with
2633:"Burundi: Tensions High in Run-Up to Elections"
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2315:Internet censorship and surveillance in Burundi
936:documented serious allegations of abuse during
836:Human Rights Council (HRC) response to the UPR
4597:
4173:
4153:Transparency International Annual Report 2010
799:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
429:
8:
859:where the penalty for homosexuality is death
3361:"Country ratings and status, FIW 1973-2021"
2569:
2567:
513:African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights
4979:
4913:
4784:
4728:
4604:
4590:
4582:
4180:
4166:
4158:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2756:
972:
970:. A rating of 1 is "free"; 7, "not free".
436:
422:
17:
874:A September 2010 report published by the
704:United Nations Convention Against Torture
659:Extrajudicial adjudication of rape cases;
521:United Nations Convention Against Torture
3244:
3242:
3240:
2367:
20:
3020:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3013:
2898:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2891:
2517:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2510:
2469:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2462:
2073:Convention on the Rights of the Child
916:for issues related to his reporting.
668:Absence of a juvenile justice system;
7:
2962:"Trying not to be afraid in Burundi"
902:The Committee to Protect Journalists
530:(UPR) in 2008, Burundi ratified the
3252:. Human Rights Watch. 18 May 2011.
1869:international human rights treaties
656:The use of rape as a weapon of war;
568:United Nations Human Rights Council
526:Following the recommendations of a
714:The right to equality of the sexes
14:
2821:"Burundi: Study on Child Poverty"
2604:"Violence scars Burundi election"
774:study on gender issues in Burundi
4488:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
4258:Democratic Republic of the Congo
4112:Constitution of Burundi (French)
4087:Freedom in the World 2012 Report
3129:Committee to Protect Journalists
2948:D+C, development and cooperation
2289:
865:International Bridges to Justice
795:Democratic Republic of the Congo
396:
30:
4021:from the original on 2012-09-24
3992:from the original on 2012-08-21
3905:from the original on 2013-12-13
3876:from the original on 2016-04-25
3847:from the original on 2011-05-20
3644:from the original on 2012-10-20
3615:from the original on 2012-10-21
3470:from the original on 2015-10-18
3435:from the original on 2015-07-12
3400:from the original on 2015-04-02
3256:from the original on 2011-05-19
3225:from the original on 2011-08-17
3165:from the original on 2012-01-14
3135:from the original on 2011-04-11
3046:from the original on 2012-06-24
2972:from the original on 2016-03-05
2924:from the original on 2018-11-16
2881:from the original on 2016-11-12
2827:from the original on 2016-04-16
2802:from the original on 2018-11-16
2776:from the original on 2015-04-03
2692:from the original on 2012-04-23
2639:from the original on 2012-10-14
2614:from the original on 2012-10-12
2585:from the original on 2015-02-01
2553:from the original on 2016-03-11
2500:from the original on 2011-05-31
2452:from the original on 2015-09-19
966:reports, published annually by
616:Universal Periodic Review (UPR)
4643:Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa
3191:. 20 July 2010. Archived from
2735:Adeoye, Aanu (27 March 2019).
2710:Adeoye, Aanu (21 March 2019).
2305:Freedom of religion in Burundi
895:arbitrary arrest and detention
821:International Court of Justice
814:The right to equitable justice
665:Lack of judicial independence;
1:
876:Center for Global Development
690:Burundi has not ratified the
590:Commission Episcopale et Paix
478:National Forces of Liberation
4895:Current provincial governors
4714:Burundian unrest (2015–2018)
3123:Joel Simon (11 April 2011).
2310:Human trafficking in Burundi
2260:
2241:
2222:
2203:
2184:
2165:
2146:
2127:
2108:
2089:
2070:
2051:
2032:
2013:
1994:
1975:
1956:
1937:
1918:
1897:
1836:
1819:
1802:
1785:
1768:
1751:
1734:
1717:
1700:
1683:
1666:
1649:
1632:
1615:
1596:
1579:
1560:
1543:
1526:
1509:
1492:
1475:
1458:
1441:
1424:
1405:
1386:
1369:
1352:
1335:
1318:
1301:
1282:
1265:
1248:
1231:
1214:
1197:
1180:
1163:
1146:
1129:
1112:
1093:
1076:
1059:
1042:
1025:
1006:
849:National response to the UPR
770:Initiative for Peacebuilding
653:Impunity enjoyed by rapists;
4802:Constitution of the Kingdom
3458:"Freedom in the World 2015"
3423:"Freedom in the World 2014"
2794:AfricaNews (30 June 2016).
641:Widespread sexual violence;
63:Constitution of the Kingdom
5154:
4148:IBJ Programming in Burundi
2769:World Report 2011: Burundi
2375:Freedom House, 2022 report
1837:
1820:
1803:
1786:
1769:
1752:
1735:
1718:
1701:
1684:
1667:
1650:
1633:
1616:
1597:
1580:
1561:
1544:
1527:
1510:
1493:
1476:
1459:
1442:
1425:
1406:
1387:
1370:
1353:
1336:
1319:
1302:
1283:
1266:
1249:
1232:
1215:
1198:
1181:
1164:
1147:
1130:
1113:
1094:
1077:
1060:
1043:
1026:
1007:
698:The prohibition of torture
650:Poor detention facilities;
638:Persistent use of torture;
493:Transparency International
5084:
4982:
4916:
4787:
4731:
2966:madikazemi.blogspot.co.nz
1438:Sylvestre Ntibantunganya
528:Universal Periodic Review
4792:Administrative divisions
4243:Central African Republic
1420:Sylvestre Ntibantunganya
195:Administrative divisions
5133:Human rights by country
5128:Human rights in Burundi
4189:Human rights in Africa
2944:"Overpopulated prisons"
1877:International treaties
743:The rights of the child
644:Extrajudicial killings;
118:Alain-Guillaume Bunyoni
3084:State Dept 2019 report
2646:– via AllAfrica.
2320:LGBT rights in Burundi
1863:International treaties
922:prisoner of conscience
321:Diplomatic missions of
4403:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
4263:Republic of the Congo
4082:Amnesty International
3219:Amnesty International
1867:Burundi's stances on
1851:Évariste Ndayishimiye
1279:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1262:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1245:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1228:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1211:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1194:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1177:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1160:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1143:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
1126:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
952:Évariste Ndayishimiye
945:Amnesty International
918:Amnesty International
914:Jean-Claude Kavumbagu
882:Other civil liberties
781:The rights of victims
581:Amnesty International
94:Évariste Ndayishimiye
4921:Bank of the Republic
4846:Council of Ministers
4681:Burundian genocides
3557:on 17 September 2012
3040:www.freedomhouse.org
2942:Kanyange, Mireille.
2920:. 22 December 2015.
2686:www.freedomhouse.org
2533:"Annual Report 2010"
1108:Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
964:Freedom in the World
958:Historical situation
932:On 1 June 2020, the
538:(OP-CEDAW), and the
125:Council of Ministers
53:Constitutional Court
5138:Politics of Burundi
4702:Burundian Civil War
4478:States with limited
3760:on 11 February 2014
3586:on 1 September 2010
3528:on 11 February 2011
3221:. 6 December 2010.
2968:. 8 November 2011.
2772:. 24 January 2011.
2325:Politics of Burundi
1593:Domitien Ndayizeye
976:Historical ratings
476:(CNDD-FDD) and the
468:. In line with the
23:Politics of Burundi
4946:Telecommunications
4670:Colonial residents
4660:German East Africa
4648:Kingdom of Burundi
4141:2016-11-12 at the
4129:2015-09-19 at the
4117:2011-05-31 at the
4107:Human Rights Watch
4092:2019-09-11 at the
4076:2014-05-05 at the
4071:2012 Annual Report
3963:on 13 January 2016
3789:on 20 October 2012
3731:on 8 November 2010
3499:on 20 October 2012
3343:Human Rights Watch
3291:Human Rights Watch
3159:Human Rights Watch
2549:. 6 October 2011.
1833:Pierre Nkurunziza
1816:Pierre Nkurunziza
1799:Pierre Nkurunziza
1782:Pierre Nkurunziza
1765:Pierre Nkurunziza
1748:Pierre Nkurunziza
1731:Pierre Nkurunziza
1714:Pierre Nkurunziza
1697:Pierre Nkurunziza
1680:Pierre Nkurunziza
1663:Pierre Nkurunziza
1646:Pierre Nkurunziza
1629:Pierre Nkurunziza
1575:Domitien Ndayizeye
934:Human Rights Watch
906:Human Rights Watch
871:in armed groups'.
647:Arbitrary arrests;
630:2015-09-19 at the
595:2020-02-04 at the
564:Human Rights Watch
562:In a 2011 report,
403:Burundi portal
106:Prosper Bazombanza
5115:
5114:
5080:
5079:
5037:Human trafficking
4969:
4968:
4903:
4902:
4868:Political parties
4861:National Assembly
4814:Foreign relations
4774:
4773:
4707:1993 coup attempt
4675:Ruzagayura famine
4579:
4578:
4505:other territories
4278:Equatorial Guinea
4103:World Report 2012
4050:on 25 August 2012
3934:on 19 August 2012
3818:on 25 August 2012
3702:on 23 August 2012
3317:The Africa Report
2608:www.aljazeera.com
2280:
2279:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1611:Pierre Nkurunziza
1090:Michel Micombero
1073:Michel Micombero
1056:Michel Micombero
1039:Michel Micombero
943:On 13 July 2020,
682:The right to life
602:Pierre Nkurunziza
519:(CPPCG), and the
446:
445:
343:Visa requirements
311:Ezechiel Nibigira
298:Foreign relations
280:Political parties
238:Recent elections
157:National Assembly
5145:
5100:
5093:
4980:
4929:
4914:
4785:
4729:
4697:Second Congo War
4606:
4599:
4592:
4583:
4566:
4565:(United Kingdom)
4561:Tristan da Cunha
4557:Ascension Island
4549:
4536:
4527:
4503:Dependencies and
4196:Sovereign states
4182:
4175:
4168:
4159:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4046:. Archived from
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3959:. Archived from
3949:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3930:. Archived from
3920:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3814:. Archived from
3804:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3785:. Archived from
3775:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3756:. Archived from
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3727:. Archived from
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3698:. Archived from
3688:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3678:
3669:. Archived from
3659:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3601:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3582:. Archived from
3572:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3553:. Archived from
3543:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3524:. Archived from
3514:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3495:. Archived from
3485:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3469:
3462:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3434:
3427:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3399:
3392:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3365:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3298:
3283:
3277:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3246:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3181:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3161:. 20 July 2010.
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3101:. Archived from
3095:
3086:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3019:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3002:
2996:. Archived from
2995:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2897:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2880:
2873:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2764:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2635:. 4 March 2010.
2629:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2571:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2516:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2499:
2492:
2484:
2475:
2474:
2468:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2451:
2444:
2436:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2383:
2377:
2372:
2356:
2349:As of January 1.
2348:
2340:
2299:
2294:
2293:
2292:
1874:
1871:are as follows:
1021:Michel Micombero
989:Political Rights
982:
973:
826:Burundian unrest
807:right to housing
772:noted in a 2010
708:Burundian unrest
557:Paris Principles
470:Arusha Agreement
462:Melchior Ndadaye
438:
431:
424:
401:
400:
399:
210:
67:
34:
18:
5153:
5152:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5143:
5142:
5118:
5117:
5116:
5111:
5103:
5096:
5089:
5076:
5067:Public holidays
4965:
4927:
4899:
4836:Law enforcement
4770:
4718:
4619:
4610:
4580:
4575:
4574:
4564:
4547:
4534:
4525:
4506:
4504:
4497:
4481:
4479:
4472:
4191:
4186:
4143:Wayback Machine
4131:Wayback Machine
4119:Wayback Machine
4094:Wayback Machine
4078:Wayback Machine
4067:
4062:
4053:
4051:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4024:
4022:
4009:
4008:
4004:
3995:
3993:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3966:
3964:
3951:
3950:
3946:
3937:
3935:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3908:
3906:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3879:
3877:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3850:
3848:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3821:
3819:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3792:
3790:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3763:
3761:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3734:
3732:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3705:
3703:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3676:
3674:
3673:on 18 July 2012
3661:
3660:
3656:
3647:
3645:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3618:
3616:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3589:
3587:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3560:
3558:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3531:
3529:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3502:
3500:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3425:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3390:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3322:
3320:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3296:
3294:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3269:
3259:
3257:
3248:
3247:
3238:
3228:
3226:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3198:
3196:
3195:on 3 March 2011
3183:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3166:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3138:
3136:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3108:
3106:
3097:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3078:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3049:
3047:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3012:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2993:
2991:"Archived copy"
2989:
2988:
2984:
2975:
2973:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2927:
2925:
2918:www.amnesty.org
2912:
2911:
2907:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2871:
2869:"Archived copy"
2867:
2866:
2862:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2830:
2828:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2805:
2803:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2779:
2777:
2766:
2765:
2754:
2745:
2743:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2720:
2718:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2695:
2693:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2666:
2664:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2642:
2640:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2617:
2615:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2588:
2586:
2579:www.amnesty.org
2573:
2572:
2565:
2556:
2554:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2509:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2490:
2488:"Archived copy"
2486:
2485:
2478:
2461:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2440:"Archived copy"
2438:
2437:
2404:
2395:
2393:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2353:
2345:
2337:
2333:
2295:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2267:United Nations
2248:United Nations
2229:United Nations
2210:United Nations
2191:United Nations
2172:United Nations
2153:United Nations
2134:United Nations
2115:United Nations
2096:United Nations
2077:United Nations
2058:United Nations
2039:United Nations
2020:United Nations
2001:United Nations
1982:United Nations
1963:United Nations
1944:United Nations
1925:United Nations
1865:
994:Civil Liberties
960:
884:
851:
838:
816:
783:
762:
760:Sexual violence
745:
716:
700:
684:
632:Wayback Machine
618:
597:Wayback Machine
577:
548:
501:
454:
442:
413:
409:Other countries
397:
395:
390:
389:
386:
364:
353:
352:
333:Nationality law
329:
317:
300:
290:
289:
274:
255:
234:
224:
223:
201:
197:
187:
186:
177:
169:
168:
140:
130:
129:
79:
71:
70:
65:
48:
25:
12:
11:
5:
5151:
5149:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5120:
5119:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5102:
5101:
5094:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4997:Communications
4994:
4992:Child marriage
4989:
4983:
4977:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4932:
4931:
4917:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4892:
4890:Prime Minister
4887:
4885:Vice-President
4882:
4881:
4880:
4870:
4865:
4864:
4863:
4858:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4827:
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4065:External links
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4040:United Nations
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3345:. 18 May 2022.
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3319:. 13 July 2020
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4665:Ruanda-Urundi
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4638:Urewe culture
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4318:Guinea-Bissau
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4098:Freedom House
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3454:Freedom House
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3384:Freedom House
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3357:Freedom House
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3105:on 2010-12-17
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3003:on 2013-09-09
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2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
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2090:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2074:
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2066:
2063:
2060:
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2055:
2052:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
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1949:
1946:
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1930:
1927:
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1922:
1919:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
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1898:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1885:Organization
1884:
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1880:
1876:
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1862:
1852:
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1840:
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1727:
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1471:
1468:
1465:
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1445:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1421:
1418:
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1412:
1409:
1402:
1401:Sylvie Kinigi
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1298:
1297:Pierre Buyoya
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
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984:
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969:
968:Freedom House
965:
957:
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948:
946:
941:
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928:
923:
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609:Freedom House
605:
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529:
524:
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518:
514:
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494:
489:
487:
486:Customary Law
481:
479:
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467:
463:
458:
451:
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434:
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183:
182:Supreme Court
180:
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54:
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50:
47:
42:
41:
38:
37:
33:
29:
28:
24:
19:
16:
5062:Prostitution
5007:Demographics
4961:Trade unions
4819:Human rights
4818:
4797:Constitution
4553:Saint Helena
4524:
4428:South Africa
4418:Sierra Leone
4227:
4223:Burkina Faso
4052:. Retrieved
4048:the original
4034:
4023:. Retrieved
4005:
3994:. Retrieved
3976:
3965:. Retrieved
3961:the original
3947:
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3932:the original
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3831:
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3816:the original
3802:
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3193:the original
3179:
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3103:the original
3079:
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2998:the original
2985:
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2607:
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2578:
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2541:
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2502:. Retrieved
2454:. Retrieved
2394:. Retrieved
2390:
2381:
2370:
2354:
2346:
2338:
1866:
1728:Partly Free
1711:Partly Free
1694:Partly Free
1677:Partly Free
1660:Partly Free
1643:Partly Free
1626:Partly Free
1607:Partly Free
1590:Partly Free
1571:Partly Free
1554:Partly Free
1363:Partly Free
961:
949:
942:
931:
927:Imbonerakure
920:named him a
899:
891:
888:
885:
873:
869:
863:
852:
839:
830:
817:
805:
803:
784:
767:
763:
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746:
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734:
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689:
685:
677:
622:
619:
606:
578:
561:
549:
525:
502:
490:
482:
455:
447:
268:
58:Human rights
57:
46:Constitution
15:
5047:LGBT rights
4936:Agriculture
4824:LGBT rights
4480:recognition
4433:South Sudan
4323:Ivory Coast
3293:. June 2020
2575:"Countries"
2391:www.cia.gov
1888:Introduced
348:Visa policy
285:Politicians
244:President:
66:(1962–1966)
5122:Categories
4928:(currency)
4851:Parliament
4535:(Portugal)
4493:Somaliland
4413:Seychelles
4378:Mozambique
4363:Mauritania
4348:Madagascar
4303:The Gambia
4238:Cape Verde
4054:2012-08-29
4025:2012-08-29
3996:2012-08-29
3967:2012-08-29
3938:2012-08-29
3909:2012-08-29
3880:2012-08-29
3851:2012-08-29
3822:2012-08-29
3793:2012-08-29
3764:2012-08-29
3735:2012-08-29
3706:2012-08-29
3677:2012-08-29
3648:2012-08-29
3619:2012-08-29
3590:2012-08-29
3561:2012-08-29
3532:2012-08-29
3503:2012-08-29
3474:2018-12-17
3439:2018-12-17
3404:2018-12-17
3369:2021-12-07
3189:Front Line
3109:2012-05-01
3070:2018-12-17
3050:2012-05-01
3007:2012-05-01
2976:2012-05-01
2928:2018-12-17
2885:2012-05-01
2854:2021-01-18
2831:2012-05-01
2806:2018-12-17
2780:2018-12-17
2746:2019-03-27
2721:2019-03-27
2696:2012-05-01
2667:2021-01-18
2643:2012-05-01
2618:2012-05-01
2589:2018-12-17
2557:2018-12-17
2504:2012-05-01
2456:2012-05-01
2396:2012-05-01
2363:References
910:Front Line
793:, and the
534:(ICCPED),
511:(ICESCR),
363:in Burundi
325:in Burundi
309:Minister:
261:Assembly:
138:Parliament
78:Government
5042:Languages
5012:Education
4956:Transport
4873:President
4831:Judiciary
4809:Elections
4756:Provinces
4724:Geography
4368:Mauritius
3065:"Burundi"
3036:"Burundi"
2682:"Burundi"
1894:Ratified
1847:Not Free
1830:Not Free
1813:Not Free
1796:Not Free
1779:Not Free
1762:Not Free
1745:Not Free
1537:Not Free
1520:Not Free
1503:Not Free
1486:Not Free
1469:Not Free
1452:Not Free
1435:Not Free
1416:Not Free
1397:Not Free
1380:Not Free
1346:Not Free
1329:Not Free
1312:Not Free
1293:Not Free
1276:Not Free
1259:Not Free
1242:Not Free
1225:Not Free
1208:Not Free
1191:Not Free
1174:Not Free
1157:Not Free
1140:Not Free
1123:Not Free
1104:Not Free
1087:Not Free
1070:Not Free
1053:Not Free
1036:Not Free
1017:Not Free
1002:President
938:Burundi's
515:(ACHPR),
507:(ICCPR),
232:Elections
207:governors
203:Provinces
176:Judiciary
162:President
150:President
84:President
5107:Category
5072:Religion
5027:Football
4987:Abortion
4841:Military
4780:Politics
4766:Wildlife
4746:Communes
4633:Timeline
4617:articles
4559: /
4555: /
4548:(France)
4542: /
4520: /
4516: /
4468:Zimbabwe
4443:Tanzania
4293:Ethiopia
4288:Eswatini
4268:Djibouti
4233:Cameroon
4218:Botswana
4139:Archived
4127:Archived
4115:Archived
4090:Archived
4074:Archived
4019:Archived
3990:Archived
3903:Archived
3874:Archived
3845:Archived
3642:Archived
3613:Archived
3465:Archived
3456:(2015).
3430:Archived
3421:(2014).
3395:Archived
3386:(2013).
3359:(2021).
3254:Archived
3229:18 April
3223:Archived
3199:18 April
3169:18 April
3163:Archived
3139:18 April
3133:Archived
3044:Archived
3016:cite web
2970:Archived
2922:Archived
2894:cite web
2876:Archived
2825:Archived
2800:Archived
2774:Archived
2690:Archived
2637:Archived
2612:Archived
2583:Archived
2551:Archived
2513:cite web
2495:Archived
2465:cite web
2447:Archived
2283:See also
787:Tanzania
628:Archived
593:Archived
466:impunity
452:Overview
338:Passport
219:Collines
214:Communes
5091:Outline
5002:Cuisine
4975:Culture
4951:Tourism
4909:Economy
4741:Climate
4625:History
4613:Burundi
4544:RĂ©union
4540:Mayotte
4531:Madeira
4526:(Spain)
4522:Melilla
4453:Tunisia
4423:Somalia
4408:Senegal
4393:Nigeria
4383:Namibia
4373:Morocco
4338:Liberia
4333:Lesotho
4283:Eritrea
4253:Comoros
4228:Burundi
4203:Algeria
3323:13 July
1891:Signed
1882:Treaty
998:Status
623:In the
457:Burundi
5032:Health
4941:Mining
4926:Franc
4856:Senate
4761:Rivers
4736:Cities
4615:
4563:
4546:
4533:
4463:Zambia
4458:Uganda
4398:Rwanda
4353:Malawi
4313:Guinea
4208:Angola
3364:(XLSX)
3297:1 June
3260:18 May
908:, and
855:Humure
842:report
791:Rwanda
750:Unicef
625:report
145:Senate
5098:Index
5057:Music
5052:Media
4751:Lakes
4653:kings
4518:Ceuta
4438:Sudan
4388:Niger
4343:Libya
4328:Kenya
4308:Ghana
4298:Gabon
4273:Egypt
4213:Benin
4105:, by
4096:, by
4080:, by
3468:(PDF)
3461:(PDF)
3433:(PDF)
3426:(PDF)
3398:(PDF)
3391:(PDF)
3001:(PDF)
2994:(PDF)
2879:(PDF)
2872:(PDF)
2849:(PDF)
2498:(PDF)
2491:(PDF)
2450:(PDF)
2443:(PDF)
2331:Notes
2270:2011
2251:2008
2235:2007
2232:2006
2216:2007
2213:2006
2197:2007
2194:2006
2181:2007
2175:2000
2162:2008
2159:2001
2156:2000
2140:2001
2137:1999
2118:1990
2099:1989
2086:1990
2083:1990
2080:1989
2067:1993
2061:1984
2048:1992
2045:1980
2042:1979
2023:1973
2004:1968
1985:1966
1972:1990
1966:1966
1953:1990
1947:1966
1934:1977
1931:1967
1928:1966
1915:1997
1909:1948
1838:2020
1821:2019
1804:2018
1787:2017
1770:2016
1753:2015
1736:2014
1719:2013
1702:2012
1685:2011
1668:2010
1651:2009
1634:2008
1617:2007
1598:2006
1581:2005
1562:2004
1545:2003
1528:2002
1511:2001
1494:2000
1477:1999
1460:1998
1443:1997
1426:1996
1407:1995
1388:1994
1371:1993
1354:1992
1337:1991
1320:1990
1303:1989
1284:1988
1267:1987
1250:1986
1233:1985
1216:1984
1199:1983
1182:1982
1165:1981
1148:1980
1131:1979
1114:1978
1095:1977
1078:1976
1061:1975
1044:1974
1027:1973
1008:1972
985:Year
840:In a
377:BINUB
5022:Flag
4878:list
4690:1993
4685:1972
4448:Togo
4358:Mali
4248:Chad
3325:2020
3299:2020
3262:2011
3231:2011
3201:2011
3171:2011
3141:2011
3022:link
2900:link
2519:link
2471:link
768:The
382:BNUB
372:ONUB
269:2025
263:2020
251:2020
246:2015
88:list
2741:CNN
2716:CNN
5124::
4042:.
4017:.
4013:.
3988:.
3984:.
3955:.
3926:.
3901:.
3897:.
3872:.
3868:.
3843:.
3839:.
3810:.
3781:.
3752:.
3723:.
3694:.
3665:.
3640:.
3636:.
3611:.
3607:.
3578:.
3549:.
3520:.
3491:.
3463:.
3428:.
3393:.
3341:.
3315:.
3289:.
3239:^
3217:.
3187:.
3157:.
3131:.
3127:.
3090:^
3042:.
3038:.
3018:}}
3014:{{
2964:.
2946:.
2916:.
2896:}}
2892:{{
2874:.
2823:.
2798:.
2755:^
2739:.
2714:.
2688:.
2684:.
2660:.
2610:.
2606:.
2581:.
2577:.
2566:^
2515:}}
2511:{{
2493:.
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2467:}}
2463:{{
2445:.
2405:^
2389:.
2352:3.
2344:2.
2336:1.
2276:-
2273:-
2257:-
2254:-
2238:-
2219:-
2200:-
2178:-
2143:-
2124:-
2121:-
2105:-
2102:-
2064:-
2029:-
2026:-
2010:-
2007:-
1991:-
1988:-
1969:-
1950:-
1912:-
1844:6
1841:7
1827:6
1824:7
1810:6
1807:7
1793:6
1790:7
1776:6
1773:7
1759:6
1756:7
1742:5
1739:6
1725:5
1722:5
1708:5
1705:5
1691:5
1688:5
1674:5
1671:5
1657:5
1654:4
1640:5
1637:4
1623:5
1620:4
1604:5
1601:4
1587:5
1584:3
1568:5
1565:5
1551:5
1548:5
1534:5
1531:6
1517:6
1514:6
1500:6
1497:6
1483:6
1480:6
1466:6
1463:7
1449:7
1446:7
1432:7
1429:7
1413:7
1410:6
1394:7
1391:6
1377:7
1374:7
1360:5
1357:6
1343:6
1340:7
1326:6
1323:7
1309:6
1306:7
1290:6
1287:7
1273:6
1270:7
1256:6
1253:7
1239:6
1236:7
1222:6
1219:7
1205:6
1202:6
1188:6
1185:7
1171:6
1168:7
1154:6
1151:7
1137:7
1134:7
1120:7
1117:7
1101:6
1098:7
1084:6
1081:7
1067:6
1064:7
1050:7
1047:7
1033:7
1030:7
1014:7
1011:7
904:,
861:.
828:.
789:,
710:.
323:/
90:)
4605:e
4598:t
4591:v
4181:e
4174:t
4167:v
4057:.
4028:.
3999:.
3970:.
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3912:.
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3796:.
3767:.
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3680:.
3651:.
3622:.
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3506:.
3477:.
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3407:.
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