314:
40:
248:
437:
In 1931 the
Hungarian Grey Cattle Breeders' Association was established and encouraged the keeping and breeding of the cattle. World War II disrupted the efforts. There were only 160 cows and 6 bulls on three farms in the early 1960s. Around that time a patriotic interest in preserving local breeds
501:
and eyes ringed with black. The skin is pigmented and grey. As in other
Podolic breeds, the calves are born reddish and become grey at about six months old. The horns are long and curved and are directed upwards in a lyre shape; they may be some
445:
efforts made by the
Hungarian government. Government subsidies are available to breeders of the cattle. In 2003 the Hungarian Grey supplied approximately 12% of the locally-produced beef consumed in Hungary. It is distributed mainly in the
410:. During the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, tens of thousands of cattle were exported in this way each year, and in the seventeenth century the number may have exceeded 100,000 per year. The trade was gravely disrupted by the
596:
905:
347:
peoples; that it was brought from the south by refugees from the
Balkans; or that it came from the Italian peninsula, acquired either by raiding in the tenth century, or by trade during the period of
339:
and settled there; this theory is not consistent with the archaeological record. It has also been suggested at various times that it was introduced in some later migration, possibly by
1103:
Magyar szürke szarvasmarha: Folyóiratcikkek és szakkönyvek ajánló bibliográfiája a Magyar Mezőgazdasági
Bibliográfia alapjánaz Országos Mezőgazdasági Könyvtár állományából
1003:
1136:
442:
625:
335:
The origins of the
Hungarian Grey are unknown. It was formerly accepted that it had arrived in the ninth century with the Magyars who came from the east,
336:
878:
522:
430:
In the eighteenth century changing market conditions led to a substantial decline in this trade, and the cattle came to be used principally as
1050:
970:
658:
386:
for hundreds of kilometres westward to the markets of cities in western Europe to be slaughtered for beef. The principal destination was
348:
1006:(in Italian). Bra, Cuneo: Fondazione Slow Food per la Biodiversità Onlus/Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity. Archived 25 June 2024.
628:. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed January 2022.
1111:
The Issue of the appearance and development of the
Hungarian Grey Cattle in the Carpathian Basin based on archeozoological artifacts
1096:
1082:
1033:
986:
892:
827:
713:
681:
610:
414:, and for some time was also limited by a monopoly granted by the Imperial court to the Landverleger-Compagnia of Vienna in 1622.
661:. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed May 2014.
441:
By 1975 there were only 300 cows left in two herds, but numbers have since increased. The rebound in numbers is partially due to
935:
Economical and
Ecological Importance of Indigenous Livestock and the Application of Assisted Reproduction to Their Preservation
1091:(in Hungarian). Debrecen: Hortobágyi Természetvédelmi és Génmegőrző Kht.; Magyar Szürke Szarvasmarhát Tenyésztők Egyesülete.
850:
Marleen Felius, Marie-Louise
Beerling, David S. Buchanan, Bert Theunissen, Peter A. Koolmees and Johannes A. Lenstra (2014).
638:
981:. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
975:. Budapest: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Annex to: Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007).
708:. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
605:. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
577:
383:
313:
741:
553:
252:
411:
1053:. Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover. Archived 15 October 2007.
976:
703:
600:
1131:
934:
497:
The coat colour ranges from silvery-white to ash-grey; males are usually darker than cows, with a black
286:
39:
1141:
1109:
906:
Genetic position of
Hungarian Grey among European cattle and identification of breed-specific markers
882:
546:
459:
317:
127:
45:
801:
782:
447:
364:
321:
568:, due to their reported resistance to cattle diseases which affect more highly bred cattle types.
1105:(bibliography, in Hungarian). Budapest: Országos Mezőgazdasági Könyvtár és Dokumentációs Központ.
272:
537:. It is slow to develop, but the meat is low in fat and is suitable for the manufacture of beef
1092:
1078:
1029:
982:
888:
831:
823:
709:
677:
606:
379:
298:
946:
917:
862:
297:
and is characterised by long lyre-shaped horns and a pale grey coat. It is well adapted to
1023:
671:
510:
294:
50:
904:
A. Zsolnai, Á. Maróti-Agóts, A. Kovács, A.V. Bâlteanu, E. Kaltenecker, I. Anton (2020).
326:
525:
marker haplotypes. It does not otherwise show any marked similarity to zebuine cattle.
455:
451:
360:
122:
117:
17:
950:
765:
470:
Hungarian Grey cattle are robust, slender and tall. They have high muscle content and
305:. In the twentieth century it came close to extinction, but numbers have since risen.
247:
1125:
557:
1022:
Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016).
884:
Interspecies Interactions: Animals and Humans between the Middle Ages and Modernity
542:
514:
471:
260:
421:
in a document of 1526. Another sixteenth-century document refers specifically to
561:
399:
375:
371:
data, but the possibility remains of some aurochs influence in Mediaeval times.
368:
290:
301:
pasture systems and was formerly raised in very large numbers in the Hungarian
921:
403:
351:
in the fourteenth century. Another theory, that it descends directly from the
597:
List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources
879:
Hungarian Grey Cattle: Parallels in Constituting Animal and Human Identities
851:
565:
978:
The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
835:
818:
Anikó Gergely, Ruprecht Stempell, Christoph Büschel, Mo Croasdale (2008).
705:
The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
602:
The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
418:
391:
344:
340:
498:
479:
395:
352:
378:
until the eighteenth century great numbers of grey cattle were raised
972:
First Country Report on Animal Genetic Resources: Republic of Hungary
866:
538:
518:
407:
387:
302:
256:
228:
75:
1089:
Magyar szürke tenyésztése, tejtermelése és keresztezése Hosszúháton
740:
Imre Bodó, István Gera, Gábor Koppány, trans. Béla Borsos (2004).
312:
246:
534:
1070:(in Hungarian). Debrecen: Hortobágyi Nemzeti Park Igazgatóság.
800:(in German). Braunschweig: . Cited in: Charles Darwin (1868).
746:. Budapest: Magyar Szürke Szarvasmarhát Tenyésztôk Egyesülete.
68:
552:
Herds of the cattle function as a tourist attraction in the
1025:
Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding
431:
382:
on the plains of Hungary. Many were driven on the hoof by
933:
L. Solti, E.G. Crichton, N.M. Loskutoff, S.Cseh (2000).
803:
The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication
784:
The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication
766:
The Hungarian Grey cattle: a traditional European breed
702:
Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007).
595:
Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007).
881:. In: Sarah Cockram, Andrew Wells (editors) (2017).
320:herdsmen with Hungarian Grey cattle, lithograph by
215:
207:
199:
174:
149:
144:
136:
110:
102:
85:
60:
639:"Hungarian grey cattle (Hungarian Steppe cattle)."
626:Breed data sheet: Magyar Szürke / Hungary (Cattle)
1114:(doctoral thesis). Szeged: University of Szeged.
798:Über Art und Raçe des zahmen europäischen Rindes
211:shades of grey, from silvery white to ash grey
1004:Razza bovina grigia ungherese: Arca del Gusto
8:
434:, a purpose to which they were well suited.
32:
422:
1101:Károlyi Zsuzsanna, Székely Sándor (2010).
852:On the History of Cattle Genetic Resources
846:
844:
564:in western Hungary. These herds serve as
560:. Some may be found elsewhere, such as in
219:long slender horns, round in cross-section
38:
31:
541:and beef sausages. It is included in the
513:some genetic characteristics relating to
965:
963:
814:
812:
760:
758:
756:
754:
752:
736:
734:
732:
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728:
726:
724:
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1073:Bellon Tibor, Kútvölgyi Mihály (2001).
1046:
1044:
1042:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
999:
997:
995:
659:Breed data sheet: Magyar Szürke/Hungary
588:
621:
619:
523:amplified fragment length polymorphism
698:
696:
694:
692:
690:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
7:
1137:Cattle breeds originating in Hungary
1028:(sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI.
770:Animal Genetic Resources Information
676:. Doetinchem, Netherlands: Misset.
427:or 'long-horned Hungarian cattle'.
417:Hungarian cattle are documented at
887:. Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Routledge
822:. Potsdam, Germany: H.F. Ullmann.
25:
1051:Breed description: Hungarian Grey
533:The Hungarian Grey is reared for
424:magnus cornuotes boves Hungaricos
1077:(in Hungarian). Budapest: Timp.
969:Mihály Pásztor (editor) (2003).
806:, volume I. London: John Murray.
787:, volume I. London: John Murray.
367:; it is not consistent with the
203:slate-coloured, dark grey mucosa
743:The Hungarian Grey Cattle Breed
509:The Hungarian Grey shares with
673:Cattle Breeds: An Encyclopedia
140:dual-purpose, draught and beef
1:
951:10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00248-4
293:. It belongs to the group of
1108:Andrea Mária Kırösi (2014).
877:László Bartosiewicz (2017).
764:László Bartosiewicz (1997).
989:. Archived 10 January 2017.
716:. Archived 10 January 2017.
578:National symbols of Hungary
1158:
1068:Magyar szürke szarvasmarha
922:10.1017/S1751731120000634
796:Ludwig Rütimeyer (1866).
337:took the Carpathian Basin
276:
223:
37:
27:Hungarian breed of cattle
637:Zootierliste (undated):
613:. Archived 23 June 2020.
236:Bos (primigenius) taurus
955:(subscription required)
781:Charles Darwin (1868).
670:Marleen Felius (1995).
554:Hortobágy National Park
253:Hortobágy National Park
92:Hungarian Steppe Cattle
18:Hungarian Steppe cattle
423:
363:, writing in 1868, to
332:
264:
545:of the international
390:, but others reached
316:
283:Hungarian Grey Steppe
281:), also known as the
250:
1087:Borics Imre (2006).
1075:A magyar szürkemarha
556:and other Hungarian
547:Slow Food Foundation
474:. Bulls stand about
359:, was attributed by
78:(2022): not at risk
71:(2007): not at risk
61:Conservation status
34:
1066:Bodó Imre (1994).
333:
265:
263:in eastern Hungary
55:in western Hungary
820:Culinaria Hungary
482:, and weigh some
412:Ottoman invasions
285:, is a Hungarian
245:
244:
103:Country of origin
16:(Redirected from
1149:
1054:
1048:
1037:
1020:
1007:
1001:
990:
967:
958:
956:
931:
925:
916:(9): 1786–1792.
902:
896:
875:
869:
867:10.3390/d6040705
848:
839:
816:
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788:
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477:
443:cryoconservation
426:
365:Ludwig Rütimeyer
330:
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237:
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72:
54:
42:
35:
21:
1157:
1156:
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1062:
1060:Further reading
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594:
590:
586:
574:
531:
511:indicine cattle
503:
491:
487:
486:; cows average
483:
475:
468:
466:Characteristics
432:draught animals
357:Bos primigenius
324:
311:
241:
235:
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195:
192:
191:
184:
170:
167:
166:
159:
132:
98:
81:
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12:
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1116:
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1099:
1085:
1071:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1038:
1008:
991:
959:
939:Theriogenology
926:
897:
870:
861:(4): 705–750.
840:
808:
789:
774:
748:
718:
686:
663:
642:
630:
615:
587:
585:
582:
581:
580:
573:
570:
558:national parks
530:
527:
490:in height and
467:
464:
361:Charles Darwin
310:
307:
295:Podolic cattle
269:Hungarian Grey
243:
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46:Mekszikópuszta
43:
33:Hungarian Grey
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1154:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1132:Cattle breeds
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1100:
1098:
1097:9789630609937
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1083:9789630077613
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1034:9781780647944
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987:9789251057629
984:
980:
979:
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973:
966:
964:
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952:
948:
945:(1): 149–62.
944:
940:
936:
930:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
901:
898:
894:
893:9781351612630
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886:
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829:
828:9783833149962
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745:
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715:
714:9789251057629
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682:9789054390176
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611:9789251057629
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579:
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569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
528:
526:
524:
520:
516:
515:milk proteins
512:
507:
500:
495:
481:
473:
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444:
439:
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328:
323:
322:Sterio Károly
319:
315:
308:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
279:
278:Magyar Szürke
274:
270:
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95:Magyar Szürke
94:
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63:
59:
52:
47:
41:
36:
30:
19:
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913:
909:
900:
883:
873:
858:
855:
819:
802:
797:
792:
783:
777:
772:(21): 49–60.
769:
742:
704:
672:
666:
633:
601:
591:
551:
543:Ark of Taste
532:
508:
496:
472:marbled meat
469:
440:
436:
429:
416:
373:
356:
349:Angevin rule
334:
282:
277:
268:
266:
234:
111:Distribution
29:
1142:Grey cattle
599:, annex to
506:in length.
504:70 to 80 cm
494:in weight.
456:Hajdú-Bihar
452:Bács-Kiskun
380:extensively
376:Middle Ages
369:osteometric
331:(1821–1862)
325: [
291:beef cattle
216:Horn status
200:Skin colour
123:Hajdú-Bihar
118:Bács-Kiskun
86:Other names
49: [
1126:Categories
584:References
566:gene banks
517:including
404:Strasbourg
856:Diversity
836:566879902
521:, and to
438:emerged.
374:From the
299:extensive
273:Hungarian
261:Hortobágy
255:, in the
572:See also
562:Bocfölde
460:Veszprém
448:counties
419:Augsburg
400:Nürnberg
392:Augsburg
345:Pecheneg
341:Cumanian
188:Female:
163:Female:
128:Veszprém
499:scrotum
480:withers
478:at the
396:Auspitz
353:aurochs
309:History
106:Hungary
44:In the
1095:
1081:
1032:
985:
910:Animal
891:
834:
826:
712:
680:
609:
539:salami
519:casein
492:525 kg
488:135 cm
484:800 kg
476:150 cm
408:Venice
388:Vienna
384:hajduk
318:Gulyás
303:puszta
257:Puszta
229:Cattle
190:136 cm
183:150 cm
181:Male:
175:Height
165:525 kg
158:800 kg
156:Male:
150:Weight
145:Traits
76:DAD-IS
329:]
287:breed
53:]
1093:ISBN
1079:ISBN
1030:ISBN
983:ISBN
889:ISBN
832:OCLC
824:ISBN
710:ISBN
678:ISBN
607:ISBN
535:beef
458:and
406:and
267:The
208:Coat
947:doi
918:doi
863:doi
549:.
529:Use
450:of
343:or
289:of
259:of
251:In
137:Use
69:FAO
1128::
1041:^
1011:^
994:^
962:^
953:.
943:53
941:.
937:.
914:14
912:.
908:.
854:.
843:^
830:.
811:^
768:.
751:^
721:^
689:^
645:^
618:^
462:.
454:,
402:,
398:,
394:,
355:,
327:hu
275::
51:hu
1036:.
957:.
949::
924:.
920::
895:.
865::
859:6
838:.
684:.
271:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
