53:
31:
4078:
439:
Starobogatov, 1983; Kireliinae
Starobogatov, 1983; lanzaiidae Starobogatov, 1983; Tanousiidae Starobogatov, 1983; Bucharamnicolinae Izzatulaev, Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1985; Martensamnicolinae Izzatulaev, Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1985; Turkmenamnicolinae Izzatulaev, Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1985
469:
Brusina, 1882 (1869) â synonyms: Caspiidae B. Dybowski, 1913; Microliopalaeinae B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1914; Micromelaniidae B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1914; Turricaspiinae B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1915; Liosarmatinae B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1920; Chilopyrgulinae
Radoman,
438:
de
Stefani, 1877 â synonyms: Horatiini D. W. Taylor, 1966; Sadlerianinae Radoman, 1973; Pseudohoratiinae Radoman, 1973; Orientaliidae Radoman, 1973 (inv.); Lithoglyphulidae Radoman, 1973; Orientalinidae Radoman, 1978 (inv.); Belgrandiellinae Radoman, 1983; Dabrianidae Starobogatov, 1983; Istrianidae
234:
These are very small or minute snails, with a shell height of less than 8 mm. The dextrally-coiled shells are smooth (except for growth lines conforming to the shape of the outer lip) and are usually rather nondescript. The shell offers very few robust characteristics to the systematist who is
293:
The strong foot can be retracted into the shell. The mucous glands are situated at the anterior edge of the foot. There are no posterior mucous glands. The symmetrical cephalic tentacles are threadlike, with blunt or rounded tips. The eyes are located at the base of the tentacles.
391:
in 1857, as the group
Hydrobiae. Troschel was not certain of their rank, and he placed them in the Taenioglossata: Ctenobranchiata between the Lithoglyphi and Ancyloti. Over the years there have been numerous attempts to give an adequate and more finely divided classification.
343:
Most species of this family live in freshwater (lakes, ponds, rivers, streams), but some are found in brackish water or at the borders between freshwater and brackish water. A few occur in marine environments on sandy or muddy bottoms between algae and sea grass.
235:
attempting to classify the species within this family. This difficulty is compounded by a high degree of intraspecific variation. Descriptions often have to be based on the characteristics of the
315:, caused by internal fertilization. The females lay eggs in single capsules on the leaves or stems of water plants. But sometimes they produce eggs that are hatched within the pallial
376:. At one time or another some 400 genera have been assigned to this family, and probably more than 1,000 species. The Hydrobiidae family is the most widespread and diverse family of
3978:
489:
422:
308:
consists of more than fifty rows of teeth. The central tooth is trapezoidal. The lateral teeth have few to numerous cusps. The marginal teeth are usually with numerous cusps.
297:
The ctenidium (a comblike respiratory apparatus) goes along most of the length of the pallial cavity. This respiratory gill consists of 10 to 200 triangular filaments. The
4258:
4297:
261:
in the shell varies between two and eight. The shell can sometimes even assume a corkscrew or hornlike shape by loosening of the attachment of body whorl. The
4232:
254:
or a plugged umbilicus. The thickness of the shell can vary from thin to fairly solid. The shell may be transparent and horn-colored, or colorless.
223:
4379:
4271:
413:) and 18S genes has resulted in a new tentative set of subfamilies: Hydrobiinae, Pseudamnicolinae, Nymphophilinae, Islamiinae and Horatiinae.
3917:
432:
Stimpson, 1865 â synonyms: Paludestrinidae Newton, 1891; Pyrgorientaliinae
Radoman, 1977; Pseudocaspiidae Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1983
3863:
1618:
3903:
3996:
4040:
4346:
1291:(unavailable name, description in Supplementary Material does not fulfill the requirements of the Code for e-only publications )
2078:(unavailable name, description in Supplementary Material does not fulfill the requirements of the Code for e-only publications)
3790:
MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Hydrobiidae W. Stimpson, 1865. Accessed through: World
Register of Marine Species at:
470:
1973; Micropyrgulidae
Radoman, 1973; Falsipyrgulinae Radoman, 1983; Ohridopyrgulinae Radoman, 1983; Prosostheniinae Pana, 1989
3810:
410:
4276:
3918:"Molecular systematics of Hydrobiidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea): testing monophyly and phylogenetic relationships"
4284:
4154:
393:
52:
3856:"The Prosobranch Snail Family Hydrobiidae (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): Review of Classification and Supraspecific Taxa"
4211:
4302:
396:(1925, 1929 and 1931) set up the most comprehensive classification, with a review of the family at generic level.
4224:
192:
3933:
265:(outer layer of the shell) is usually thin, and is often colored. It can sometimes show hair-like projections.
3855:
250:
The shell of species within this family varies from planispiral to needle-shaped. The shell may have an open
4082:
319:
of the body, and in these cases the young are born alive. Species that inhabit estuaries sometimes produce
4094:
2661:
682:
672:
388:
3629:
1814:
1305:
4333:
3517:
2885:
2807:
2797:
280:
236:
207:
4159:
3374:
2627:
1295:
1084:
508:
3750:
3111:
2559:
1465:
460:
4374:
4312:
4180:
4141:
3341:
2277:
1944:
1535:
1058:
968:
832:
812:
3223:
3202:
2459:
2418:
2398:
2195:
1743:
1638:
1455:
1425:
1254:
1184:
842:
822:
642:
585:
454:
442:
3319:
3244:
3133:
3122:
3085:
2941:
2439:
2408:
2385:
2375:
2236:
2175:
1733:
1658:
1648:
1485:
1365:
1204:
1194:
1174:
1144:
1124:
918:
435:
399:
Notable works about taxonomy of
Hydrobiidae includes works by Radoman, for example Radoman (1983).
327:
272:
is entire, not interrupted by a siphonal canal or other extensions. It is sometimes thickened. The
251:
4351:
3806:"From mound springs to mighty rivers: The conservation status of freshwater molluscs in Australia"
3791:
3672:
3497:
3412:
3364:
3306:
3212:
3156:
3098:
2752:
2739:
2516:
2479:
2365:
2355:
2287:
2257:
2051:
1834:
1824:
1679:
1575:
1505:
1475:
1445:
802:
772:
722:
662:
548:
3970:
3945:
3829:
3693:
3682:
3619:
3458:
3275:
3233:
3179:
2928:
2865:
2839:
2763:
2717:
2449:
2267:
2112:
2102:
1964:
1884:
1844:
1754:
1595:
1555:
1515:
1435:
1375:
1071:
1048:
885:
752:
732:
429:
377:
269:
148:
47:
3649:
3599:
3537:
3507:
3388:
3330:
3296:
3143:
3037:
2965:
2952:
2905:
2728:
2650:
2640:
2496:
2308:
2122:
2021:
1924:
1720:
1495:
1415:
1334:
1234:
1104:
928:
742:
625:
518:
466:
448:
4338:
3609:
3527:
3484:
3471:
3399:
3285:
3014:
2978:
2875:
2591:
2331:
2247:
2092:
2082:
2041:
1914:
1774:
1605:
1244:
1164:
1154:
1134:
1008:
998:
988:
938:
905:
872:
762:
605:
595:
538:
311:
The species usually have both male and female individuals, but very rarely reproduction may be
4320:
4167:
4002:
3992:
3937:
3762:
3737:
3703:
3639:
3048:
2988:
2787:
2776:
2685:
2674:
2614:
2526:
2344:
2185:
1794:
1545:
1525:
1038:
792:
782:
692:
473:
316:
4263:
4132:
3727:
3659:
3586:
3560:
3448:
3435:
3264:
3001:
2915:
2828:
2818:
2545:
2215:
1854:
1274:
1214:
1018:
948:
852:
712:
4325:
3966:
3929:
3901:. Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Monographs DXLVII, Department of Sciences 571: 1â256.
3872:
3819:
3716:
3547:
2297:
2152:
1395:
1345:
1264:
702:
615:
222:
Hydrobiidae are found in much of the world, inhabiting all continents except
Antarctica. In
199:
195:
139:
3573:
1224:
1385:
1114:
373:
258:
211:
124:
114:
104:
286:
The head, foot, mantle and visceral coil are colored pale gray to dark purple-black with
4219:
4206:
3974:
2705:
1623:
958:
203:
39:
301:, the olfactory organ linked with the respiration organ, is usually relatively small.
4368:
3351:
3024:
2205:
1028:
575:
558:
476:
Thiele, 1925 â synonyms: Potamopyrgidae F. C. Baker, 1928; Hemistomiinae Thiele, 1929
312:
4146:
3949:
3833:
4172:
2895:
2601:
485:
403:
262:
1617:
4289:
4245:
4126:
3983:
3916:
Wilke T.; Davis G. M.; Falniowski A.; Giusti F.; Bodon M.; Szarowska M. (2001).
2852:
2577:
2469:
2318:
2162:
2031:
1991:
481:
184:
30:
402:
The classification, as specified by Kabat and
Hershler (1993), does not form a
3189:
2695:
2142:
2001:
1784:
1565:
1315:
895:
528:
298:
273:
94:
4117:
4006:
3941:
4193:
3876:
3254:
2011:
1874:
1804:
1094:
978:
64:
3824:
3805:
4077:
4111:
2506:
2492:
Shadiniinae V. Anistratenko, Peretolchina, Sitnikova & Palatov, 2017
1981:
1864:
1709:
1699:
1585:
652:
361:
84:
3899:
Hydrobioidea a superfamily of Prosobranchia (Gastropoda). I. Systematics
3708:
López-Soriano, Quiñonero-Salgado, A. A. Suårez, Rolån & Glöer, 2022
3166:
2428:
2061:
1904:
1894:
1668:
381:
320:
287:
4250:
1355:
357:
305:
240:
74:
4237:
4088:
4198:
3422:
1689:
1616:
353:
244:
276:
is usually shaped like a dome, and usually shows a few spirals.
4092:
3792:
https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=120
3922:
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
3489:
Kadolsky, Harzhauser & Neubauer in Harzhauser et al., 2016
3393:
Harzhauser, Neubauer & Kadolsky in Harzhauser et al., 2016
2596:
Kadolsky, Harzhauser & Neubauer in Harzhauser et al., 2016
409:
A study by Wilke et al. (2001) using molecular data from COI (
4185:
380:
in the world, occupying a range of habitats from streams and
3055:(accepted > unreplaced junior homonym, junior homonym of
3934:
10.1635/0097-3157(2001)151[0001:MSOHMG]2.0.CO;2
2679:
Neubauer, Kroh, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2015
1580:
Manganelli, Bodon, Cianfanelli, Talenti & Giusti, 1998
1819:
J. P. Miller, GarcĂa-Guerrero, Delicado & Ramos, 2024
290:
pigments. Subterranean species are often unpigmented.
488:
are considered as distinct families according to the
326:
The fossil record of this family extends back to the
283:
is usually well-formed and shows only a few spirals.
3979:
Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families
3746:
3712:
3668:
3595:
3582:
3569:
3556:
3493:
3480:
3467:
3444:
3431:
3408:
3384:
3360:
3315:
3198:
3175:
3152:
3107:
3094:
3081:
3033:
3010:
2997:
2974:
2961:
2937:
2924:
2861:
2848:
2772:
2748:
2670:
2636:
2623:
2610:
2587:
2394:
2340:
2327:
2171:
1729:
1080:
1067:
914:
881:
4101:
2403:Neubauer, Mandic, Harzhauser & HrvatoviÄ, 2013
923:Neubauer, Mandic, Harzhauser & HrvatoviÄ, 2013
372:This is the largest family within the superfamily
3463:Boeters, Quiñonero-Salgado & Ruiz-Cobo, 2019
421:The following subfamilies are recognized in the
3991:(1â2). Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks: 1â397.
1063:Izzatullaev, Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1985
847:Izzatullaev, Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1984
837:Izzatullaev, Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1985
807:Izzatullaev, Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1984
590:Izzatullaev, Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1985
3961:
3959:
4041:Bulletino della SocietĂ Malacologica Italiana
4018:
4016:
3977:; ValdĂ©s, Ăngel & WarĂ©n, Anders (2005). "
8:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3804:Ponder W. F.; Walker K. F. (January 2003).
4089:
2511:Glöer, BöĂneck, Walther & Neiber, 2016
423:gastropod taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi
226:there are over 260 species in the family.
29:
20:
3854:Kabat, Alan R.; Herhsler, Robert (1993).
3823:
1959:GarcĂa-Guerrero, Miller & Ramos, 2023
3634:Chertoprud, Palatov & Vinarski, 2021
3542:Chertoprud, Palatov & Vinarski, 2020
3512:Chertoprud, Palatov & Vinarski, 2021
953:Georgiev, Dedov & Cheshmedjiev, 2012
3811:Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management
3783:
2933:Neubauer, Mandic & Harzhauser, 2016
2700:Khalloufi, BĂ©jaoui & Delicado, 2017
1320:Khalloufi, BĂ©jaoui & Delicado, 2017
1310:Khalloufi, BĂ©jaoui & Delicado, 2020
1300:Khalloufi, BĂ©jaoui & Delicado, 2020
490:taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005)
797:Chertoprud, Grego & Mumladze, 2023
630:Chertoprud, Grego & Mumladze, 2023
513:Chertoprud, Grego & Mumladze, 2023
2157:Delicado, Machordom & Ramos, 2016
7:
4313:4f770575-1e0d-4e22-8104-66618a7b130d
4225:42c55acb-96a6-442c-99cd-8e6ad0fb2aa8
3864:Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
2474:B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1915
667:Bodon, Manganelli & Giusti, 2002
406:group, and was in need of revision.
387:This family was originally named by
159:B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1913
3311:Vinarski, Palatov & Glöer, 2014
3171:Quiñonero-Salgado & Rolån, 2017
3148:Vinarski, Palatov & Glöer, 2014
2006:F. G. Thompson & Hershler, 2002
1400:Logvinenko & Starobogatov, 1969
777:Vinarski, Palatov & Glöer, 2014
747:Vinarski, Palatov & Glöer, 2014
3973:; FrĂœda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard;
2076:Delicado, Hauffe & Wilke, 2023
1849:Callot-Girardi & Boeters, 2012
1289:Delicado, Hauffe & Wilke, 2023
14:
3767:Taybi, Glöer & Mabrouki, 2023
3346:W. B. Marshall & Bowles, 1932
3269:Taybi, Glöer & Mabrouki, 2021
3077:Mabrouki, Glöer & Taybi, 2023
3069:Mabrouki, Taybi & Gloër, 2022
2920:Glöer, Mabrouki & Taybi, 2020
2910:Mabrouki, Glöer & Taybi, 2022
2833:Taybi, Glöer & Mabrouki, 2023
2812:Glöer, Mabrouki & Taybi, 2020
2655:Taybi, Glöer & Mabrouki, 2024
2521:Delicado, PeĆĄiÄ & Glöer, 2016
2501:Delicado, PeĆĄiÄ & Glöer, 2016
2323:Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1917
4076:
3552:Ćahin, Koca & Yildirim, 2012
2564:Ćahin, Koca & Yıldırım, 2012
2550:Szarowska & Falniowski, 2011
1470:Falniowski & Szarowska, 2011
610:Glöer, Boeters & PeĆĄiÄ, 2014
51:
2983:Neubauer & Harzhauser, 2016
2241:Popova & Starobogatov, 1970
1684:Neubauer & Wesselingh, 2023
1360:Clessin & W. Dybowski, 1887
4380:Taxa named by William Stimpson
3687:Glöer & Hirschfelder, 2023
2200:Glöer & Kolokotronis, 2023
1149:Fo. Giusti & Pezzoli, 1990
1089:Kadolsky & Piechocki, 2000
890:Kadolsky & Piechocki, 2000
411:Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I
1:
2566:(incorrect original spelling)
2433:de Cristofori & Jan, 1832
1500:Falniowski & Hofman, 2021
3238:Cossmann & Dollfus, 1913
2880:Backhuys & Boeters, 1974
1013:Radea & Parmakelis, 2013
827:Vinarski & Palatov, 2019
3644:SchĂŒtt & Yıldırım, 2003
2584:(subjective junior synonym)
1939:Boeters & Falkner, 2017
1663:Delicado & GĂŒrlek, 2021
1530:Delicado & Hauffe, 2022
1380:Delicado & GĂŒrlek, 2021
352:These small snails feed on
4396:
3664:Glöer & Georgiev, 2012
2097:Georgiev & Glöer, 2011
1929:Arconada & Ramos, 2002
1919:Arconada & Ramos, 2006
1909:Arconada & Ramos, 2006
1889:Arconada & Ramos, 2007
1859:Arconada & Ramos, 2019
1839:Arconada & Ramos, 2001
1829:Arconada & Ramos, 2001
1799:Delicado & Ramos, 2021
1779:Arconada & Ramos, 2024
1520:Grego & Mumladze, 2020
1510:Grego & Mumladze, 2020
1480:Grego & Mumladze, 2020
1440:Grego & Mumladze, 2020
1430:Grego & Mumladze, 2020
1239:Ramos & Arconada, 2000
1229:Glöer & Mrkvicka, 2015
737:Georgiev & Glöer, 2015
717:Georgiev & Glöer, 2015
533:Giusti & Pezzoli, 1980
3259:Glöer & Manolas, 2024
154:
147:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
3532:SchĂŒtt & ĆeĆen, 1991
2036:Call & Pilsbry, 1886
1789:Giusti & Bodon, 1984
1550:Bodon & Giusti, 1986
1189:Bodon & Giusti, 1982
210:; they are in the order
3877:10.5479/si.00810282.547
3614:Grego & Glöer, 2019
3217:Glöer & PeĆĄiÄ, 2023
2993:Glöer & PeĆĄiÄ, 2012
2220:Glöer & PeĆĄiÄ, 2012
2190:Glöer & PeĆĄiÄ, 2012
1600:Grego & Glöer, 2019
1540:PeĆĄiÄ & Glöer, 2013
1023:Glöer & PeĆĄiÄ, 2013
857:Glöer & PeĆĄiÄ, 2014
697:Glöer & PeĆĄiÄ, 2014
384:creeks to alpine bogs.
3825:10.1080/14634980301482
2074:Pontobelgrandiellinae
1627:
4334:Paleobiology Database
4058:Handbuch der Zoologie
4022:Taylor D. W. (1966).
1620:
4220:Fauna Europaea (new)
4085:at Wikimedia Commons
3897:Radoman, P. (1983).
2733:A. A. Ali-Zade, 1967
2690:Munier-Chalmas, 1884
2230:E. von Martens, 1858
2066:F. G. Thompson, 1978
2056:F. G. Thompson, 1968
2046:F. G. Thompson, 1970
171:Brusina, 1882 (1869)
3971:Rocroi, Jean-Pierre
3381:(taxon inquirendum)
3335:F. Sandberger, 1873
378:freshwater molluscs
328:Early Carboniferous
304:The taenioglossate
2798:Falsibelgrandiella
2710:Starobogatov, 1970
2557:(sic): synonym of
2113:Pontobelgrandiella
1628:
753:Palacanthilhiopsis
580:A. J. Wagner, 1928
563:A. J. Wagner, 1928
457:D. W. Taylor, 1966
445:D. W. Taylor, 1966
165:R. B. Newton, 1891
4362:
4361:
4321:Open Tree of Life
4095:Taxon identifiers
4081:Media related to
3967:Bouchet, Philippe
3768:
3756:
3743:
3733:
3722:
3709:
3699:
3688:
3678:
3665:
3655:
3645:
3635:
3625:
3615:
3605:
3592:
3579:
3566:
3553:
3543:
3533:
3523:
3513:
3503:
3490:
3477:
3464:
3454:
3441:
3428:
3418:
3405:
3394:
3380:
3375:Pseudopaludinella
3370:
3357:
3347:
3336:
3325:
3324:Badzoshvili, 1979
3312:
3302:
3291:
3281:
3270:
3260:
3250:
3239:
3229:
3218:
3208:
3195:
3185:
3172:
3162:
3149:
3139:
3128:
3117:
3104:
3091:
3078:
3070:
3061:
3054:
3053:L.-S. Huang, 1987
3043:
3030:
3020:
3007:
2994:
2984:
2971:
2958:
2947:
2934:
2921:
2911:
2901:
2891:
2881:
2871:
2858:
2845:
2834:
2824:
2813:
2803:
2793:
2782:
2769:
2758:
2745:
2734:
2723:
2711:
2701:
2691:
2680:
2667:
2656:
2646:
2633:
2620:
2607:
2597:
2583:
2574:
2565:
2551:
2532:
2522:
2512:
2502:
2485:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2445:
2434:
2424:
2414:
2404:
2391:
2381:
2371:
2361:
2350:
2337:
2324:
2314:
2303:
2293:
2283:
2273:
2263:
2253:
2242:
2231:
2221:
2211:
2201:
2191:
2181:
2168:
2158:
2148:
2138:
2135:Pseudamnicolinae
2128:
2118:
2108:
2098:
2088:
2077:
2067:
2057:
2047:
2037:
2027:
2017:
2016:F. C. Baker, 1926
2007:
1997:
1987:
1970:
1960:
1950:
1940:
1930:
1920:
1910:
1900:
1890:
1880:
1870:
1860:
1850:
1840:
1830:
1820:
1810:
1800:
1790:
1780:
1770:
1760:
1749:
1739:
1726:
1715:
1705:
1704:W. Hartmann, 1821
1695:
1694:F. C. Baker, 1926
1685:
1674:
1664:
1654:
1644:
1634:
1611:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1571:
1561:
1551:
1541:
1531:
1521:
1511:
1501:
1491:
1490:Bourguignat, 1887
1481:
1471:
1461:
1460:O. Boettger, 1905
1451:
1441:
1431:
1421:
1411:
1410:D.W. Taylor, 1966
1401:
1391:
1381:
1371:
1361:
1351:
1340:
1329:
1328:B. Dybowski, 1913
1321:
1311:
1301:
1296:Belgrandiellopsis
1280:
1270:
1260:
1250:
1240:
1230:
1220:
1210:
1200:
1190:
1180:
1170:
1160:
1150:
1140:
1130:
1120:
1110:
1100:
1090:
1085:Microprososthenia
1077:
1064:
1054:
1044:
1034:
1024:
1014:
1004:
994:
984:
974:
964:
954:
944:
934:
924:
911:
901:
900:Bourguignat, 1870
891:
878:
868:
858:
848:
838:
828:
818:
817:Izzatullaev, 2004
808:
798:
788:
778:
768:
758:
748:
738:
728:
718:
708:
698:
688:
678:
668:
658:
648:
639:
631:
621:
611:
601:
591:
581:
572:
564:
554:
544:
534:
524:
514:
504:
501:Belgrandiellinae
178:
177:
172:
166:
160:
143:
4387:
4355:
4354:
4342:
4341:
4329:
4328:
4316:
4315:
4306:
4305:
4293:
4292:
4290:NHMSYS0020528196
4280:
4279:
4267:
4266:
4254:
4253:
4241:
4240:
4228:
4227:
4215:
4214:
4202:
4201:
4189:
4188:
4176:
4175:
4163:
4162:
4150:
4149:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4090:
4080:
4064:
4054:
4048:
4038:Brusina (1882).
4036:
4030:
4020:
4011:
4010:
3963:
3954:
3953:
3913:
3907:
3904:book description
3902:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3860:
3851:
3838:
3837:
3827:
3801:
3795:
3788:
3766:
3754:
3751:Xestopyrguloides
3748:
3741:
3732:R. Janssen, 2007
3731:
3720:
3714:
3707:
3697:
3686:
3676:
3670:
3663:
3653:
3643:
3633:
3623:
3613:
3603:
3597:
3590:
3584:
3577:
3571:
3564:
3558:
3551:
3541:
3531:
3521:
3511:
3501:
3495:
3488:
3482:
3475:
3469:
3462:
3452:
3446:
3439:
3433:
3426:
3416:
3410:
3403:
3392:
3386:
3378:
3368:
3362:
3355:
3345:
3334:
3323:
3317:
3310:
3300:
3289:
3279:
3268:
3258:
3249:R. Janssen, 2007
3248:
3237:
3227:
3216:
3206:
3200:
3193:
3184:Sandberger, 1875
3183:
3177:
3170:
3160:
3154:
3147:
3137:
3127:H.-J. Wang, 1977
3126:
3115:
3112:Mikrogoniochilus
3109:
3102:
3096:
3090:Sandberger, 1875
3089:
3083:
3076:
3068:
3059:
3052:
3041:
3035:
3028:
3018:
3012:
3005:
2999:
2992:
2982:
2976:
2969:
2963:
2956:
2945:
2939:
2932:
2926:
2919:
2909:
2899:
2889:
2879:
2869:
2863:
2857:Sandberger, 1875
2856:
2850:
2843:
2832:
2822:
2811:
2801:
2791:
2780:
2774:
2767:
2756:
2750:
2743:
2732:
2721:
2709:
2699:
2689:
2678:
2672:
2665:
2654:
2644:
2638:
2631:
2625:
2618:
2612:
2605:
2595:
2589:
2581:
2572:
2563:
2560:Anadoludamnicola
2555:Anatolidamnicola
2549:
2531:Akramowski, 1976
2530:
2520:
2510:
2500:
2483:
2473:
2463:
2453:
2443:
2432:
2422:
2412:
2402:
2396:
2389:
2379:
2369:
2359:
2348:
2342:
2335:
2329:
2322:
2312:
2301:
2291:
2281:
2271:
2261:
2251:
2240:
2229:
2219:
2209:
2199:
2189:
2179:
2173:
2167:Bernasconi, 1991
2166:
2156:
2146:
2136:
2126:
2116:
2106:
2096:
2086:
2075:
2065:
2055:
2045:
2035:
2025:
2015:
2005:
1995:
1985:
1968:
1958:
1948:
1938:
1928:
1918:
1908:
1898:
1888:
1878:
1868:
1858:
1848:
1838:
1828:
1818:
1808:
1798:
1788:
1778:
1768:
1758:
1747:
1737:
1731:
1724:
1713:
1703:
1693:
1683:
1672:
1662:
1652:
1643:Falniowski, 2021
1642:
1632:
1609:
1599:
1589:
1579:
1569:
1559:
1549:
1539:
1529:
1519:
1509:
1499:
1489:
1479:
1469:
1466:Graecoarganiella
1459:
1449:
1439:
1429:
1419:
1409:
1399:
1389:
1379:
1369:
1359:
1349:
1338:
1327:
1319:
1309:
1299:
1278:
1268:
1258:
1248:
1238:
1228:
1218:
1208:
1198:
1188:
1178:
1168:
1158:
1148:
1138:
1128:
1118:
1108:
1098:
1088:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1062:
1052:
1042:
1032:
1022:
1012:
1002:
992:
982:
972:
962:
952:
942:
932:
922:
916:
909:
899:
889:
883:
876:
867:de Stefani, 1877
866:
856:
846:
836:
826:
816:
806:
796:
786:
776:
766:
757:Bernasconi, 1988
756:
746:
736:
726:
716:
706:
696:
686:
676:
666:
656:
646:
637:
629:
619:
609:
599:
589:
579:
570:
562:
552:
542:
532:
522:
512:
502:
461:Pseudamnicolinae
170:
164:
163:Paludestrinidae
158:
138:
56:
55:
33:
21:
16:Family of snails
4395:
4394:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4358:
4350:
4345:
4337:
4332:
4324:
4319:
4311:
4309:
4301:
4296:
4288:
4283:
4275:
4270:
4262:
4257:
4249:
4244:
4236:
4231:
4223:
4218:
4210:
4205:
4197:
4192:
4184:
4179:
4171:
4166:
4158:
4153:
4145:
4140:
4131:
4130:
4125:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4097:
4073:
4068:
4067:
4056:Thiele (1925).
4055:
4051:
4037:
4033:
4021:
4014:
3999:
3975:Ponder, Winston
3965:
3964:
3957:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3881:
3879:
3858:
3853:
3852:
3841:
3803:
3802:
3798:
3789:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3677:Schlickum, 1971
3522:Raincourt, 1884
3342:Potamolithoides
3228:Oppenheim, 1892
2781:Schlickum, 1965
2666:L. R. Cox, 1927
2313:K. Suzuki, 1943
1977:Nymphophilinae
1957:Navarriellinae
1879:Pollonera, 1898
1714:Paladilhe, 1874
1560:Szarowska, 2007
1536:Montenegrospeum
1386:Graecoanatolica
1115:Ohridohauffenia
1076:Schlickum, 1974
1059:Martensamnicola
969:Graecorientalia
833:Turkmenamnicola
813:Tadzhikamnicola
498:
419:
374:Truncatelloidea
370:
350:
341:
336:
232:
224:Australia alone
220:
212:Littorinimorpha
206:snails with an
137:
125:Truncatelloidea
115:Littorinimorpha
105:Caenogastropoda
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4393:
4391:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4367:
4366:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4343:
4330:
4317:
4307:
4294:
4281:
4268:
4255:
4242:
4229:
4216:
4207:Fauna Europaea
4203:
4190:
4177:
4164:
4151:
4138:
4123:
4107:
4105:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4087:
4086:
4072:
4071:External links
4069:
4066:
4065:
4049:
4031:
4029:(2): 181, 199.
4012:
3997:
3955:
3908:
3889:
3839:
3796:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3759:
3758:
3757:
3755:Willmann, 1981
3744:
3734:
3723:
3710:
3700:
3689:
3679:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3636:
3626:
3616:
3606:
3593:
3580:
3567:
3565:Jekelius, 1944
3554:
3544:
3534:
3524:
3514:
3504:
3491:
3478:
3476:Willmann, 1981
3465:
3455:
3442:
3429:
3419:
3417:Willmann, 1981
3406:
3395:
3382:
3371:
3358:
3348:
3337:
3326:
3313:
3303:
3292:
3290:Georgiev, 2023
3282:
3280:Y.-T. Li, 1986
3271:
3261:
3251:
3240:
3230:
3224:Parateinostoma
3219:
3209:
3207:PavloviÄ, 1927
3203:Odontohydrobia
3196:
3186:
3173:
3163:
3150:
3140:
3129:
3118:
3116:Willmann, 1981
3105:
3092:
3079:
3071:
3063:
3044:
3042:Kadolsky, 2015
3031:
3021:
3008:
2995:
2985:
2972:
2959:
2948:
2946:Willmann, 1981
2935:
2922:
2912:
2902:
2892:
2882:
2872:
2859:
2846:
2844:Cossmann, 1921
2835:
2825:
2823:X.-H. Yu, 1982
2814:
2804:
2794:
2783:
2770:
2759:
2757:Andrusov, 1890
2746:
2744:Cossmann, 1907
2735:
2724:
2713:
2712:(nomen dubium)
2706:Caspiohydrobia
2702:
2692:
2681:
2668:
2657:
2647:
2645:PavloviÄ, 1927
2634:
2621:
2608:
2598:
2585:
2567:
2552:
2540:Incertae sedis
2536:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2523:
2513:
2503:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2484:PoliĆski, 1929
2476:
2466:
2464:PoliĆski, 1929
2460:Trachyochridia
2456:
2454:PoliĆski, 1929
2446:
2444:Lindholm, 1932
2435:
2425:
2419:Pyrgorientalia
2415:
2405:
2399:Pseudodianella
2392:
2382:
2380:PoliĆski, 1929
2372:
2370:Polinski, 1929
2362:
2351:
2338:
2336:Andrusov, 1890
2325:
2315:
2304:
2294:
2284:
2274:
2272:Lindholm, 1924
2264:
2254:
2252:Cossmann, 1921
2243:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2212:
2210:Paulucci, 1878
2202:
2196:Kitrinomatousa
2192:
2182:
2180:Willmann, 1981
2169:
2159:
2149:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2127:Georgiev, 2017
2119:
2109:
2107:Georgiev, 2017
2099:
2089:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2058:
2048:
2038:
2028:
2018:
2008:
1998:
1988:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1911:
1901:
1891:
1881:
1871:
1861:
1851:
1841:
1831:
1821:
1811:
1801:
1791:
1781:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1750:
1744:Salenthydrobia
1740:
1738:Cossmann, 1913
1727:
1725:Cossmann, 1888
1716:
1706:
1696:
1686:
1675:
1673:Stimpson, 1865
1665:
1655:
1645:
1639:Achaiohydrobia
1633:Stimpson, 1865
1624:Peringia ulvae
1615:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1602:
1592:
1582:
1572:
1562:
1552:
1542:
1532:
1522:
1512:
1502:
1492:
1482:
1472:
1462:
1456:Daudebardiella
1452:
1442:
1432:
1426:Caucasogeyeria
1422:
1405:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1392:
1382:
1372:
1370:Lindholm, 1930
1362:
1352:
1350:Kabakova, 1967
1341:
1339:Kabakova, 1966
1324:
1323:
1322:
1312:
1302:
1287:Bullaregiinae
1284:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1271:
1261:
1255:Turcorientalia
1251:
1241:
1231:
1221:
1211:
1201:
1191:
1185:Pseudavenionia
1181:
1171:
1161:
1151:
1141:
1139:HadĆŸiĆĄÄe, 1959
1131:
1129:HadĆŸiĆĄÄe, 1959
1121:
1119:HadĆŸiĆĄÄe, 1959
1111:
1101:
1091:
1078:
1065:
1055:
1045:
1035:
1025:
1015:
1005:
995:
985:
975:
965:
963:HadĆŸiĆĄÄe, 1956
955:
945:
935:
933:Velkovrh, 1970
925:
912:
902:
892:
879:
865:Belgrandiinae
862:
861:
860:
859:
849:
843:Valvatamnicola
839:
829:
823:Tschernomorica
819:
809:
799:
789:
779:
769:
767:Velkovrh, 1970
759:
749:
739:
729:
719:
709:
699:
689:
687:Velkovrh, 1971
679:
669:
659:
649:
647:PavloviÄ, 1913
643:Paladilhiopsis
632:
622:
612:
602:
592:
586:Bucharamnicola
582:
565:
555:
553:Georgiev, 2012
545:
543:Georgiev, 2011
535:
525:
515:
497:
494:
478:
477:
471:
464:
458:
455:Nymphophilinae
452:
446:
443:Clenchiellinae
440:
433:
418:
415:
369:
366:
349:
348:Feeding habits
346:
340:
337:
335:
332:
257:The number of
231:
228:
219:
216:
204:brackish water
198:of very small
185:commonly known
176:
175:
174:
173:
167:
161:
157:Conocaspiinae
152:
151:
145:
144:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
40:Peringia ulvae
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4392:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4353:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4308:
4304:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4143:
4139:
4134:
4128:
4124:
4119:
4113:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4091:
4084:
4079:
4075:
4074:
4070:
4062:
4059:
4053:
4050:
4047:(13â19): 230.
4046:
4043:
4042:
4035:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3998:3-925919-72-4
3994:
3990:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3900:
3893:
3890:
3878:
3874:
3871:(547): 1â94.
3870:
3866:
3865:
3857:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3835:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3800:
3797:
3794:on 2024-06-18
3793:
3787:
3784:
3777:
3772:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3753:
3752:
3745:
3740:
3739:
3735:
3730:
3729:
3724:
3721:Brusina, 1897
3719:
3718:
3711:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3675:
3674:
3667:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3654:Radoman, 1978
3652:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3612:
3611:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3594:
3591:Brusina, 1870
3589:
3588:
3581:
3578:Brusina, 1897
3576:
3575:
3568:
3563:
3562:
3555:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3500:
3499:
3492:
3487:
3486:
3479:
3474:
3473:
3466:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3453:Brusina, 1893
3451:
3450:
3443:
3440:Brusina, 1897
3438:
3437:
3430:
3427:Ghamizi, 2020
3425:
3424:
3420:
3415:
3414:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3390:
3383:
3379:Mabille, 1877
3377:
3376:
3372:
3369:Neumayr, 1869
3367:
3366:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3352:Probythinella
3349:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3321:
3320:Pontohydrobia
3314:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3299:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3246:
3245:Pechelbronnia
3241:
3236:
3235:
3231:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3205:
3204:
3197:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3182:
3181:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3159:
3158:
3151:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3138:Raspail, 1909
3136:
3135:
3134:Montjavoultia
3130:
3125:
3124:
3123:Mirolaminatus
3119:
3114:
3113:
3106:
3103:Brusina, 1874
3101:
3100:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3086:Microbeliscus
3080:
3075:
3072:
3067:
3064:
3060:Pilsbry, 1903
3058:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3039:
3032:
3029:Pilsbry, 1952
3027:
3026:
3025:Littoridinops
3022:
3019:Brusina, 1897
3017:
3016:
3009:
3004:
3003:
2996:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2980:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2960:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2943:
2942:Iraklimelania
2936:
2931:
2930:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2860:
2855:
2854:
2847:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2802:Radoman, 1973
2800:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2771:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2754:
2747:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2642:
2635:
2632:Brusina, 1896
2630:
2629:
2622:
2619:Brusina, 1892
2617:
2616:
2609:
2604:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2593:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2575:: synonym of
2571:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2553:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2441:
2440:Sibiropyrgula
2436:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2423:Radoman, 1973
2421:
2420:
2416:
2413:Radoman, 1955
2411:
2410:
2409:Pyrgohydrobia
2406:
2401:
2400:
2393:
2390:Radoman, 1983
2388:
2387:
2386:Ohridopyrgula
2383:
2378:
2377:
2376:Neofossarulus
2373:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2360:Brusina, 1874
2358:
2357:
2352:
2349:Brusina, 1897
2347:
2346:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2302:Brusina, 1896
2300:
2299:
2295:
2292:Radoman, 1973
2290:
2289:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2262:Brusina, 1896
2260:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2238:
2237:Aenigmapyrgus
2233:
2232:
2227:
2226:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2207:
2206:Pseudamnicola
2203:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2177:
2176:Graecamnicola
2170:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2147:Boeters, 1970
2145:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2137:Radoman, 1977
2134:
2133:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2117:Radoman, 1978
2115:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2087:Radoman, 1978
2085:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2026:Pilsbry, 1953
2024:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1996:Pilsbry, 1891
1994:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1969:Boeters, 2000
1967:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1949:Boeters, 1971
1947:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1899:Radoman, 1973
1897:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1869:Boeters, 1981
1867:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1809:Nicolas, 1882
1807:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1769:Radoman, 1973
1766:
1765:
1759:Brusina, 1870
1757:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1735:
1728:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1659:Cariohydrobia
1656:
1653:Radoman, 1977
1651:
1650:
1649:Adriohydrobia
1646:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1619:
1610:Radoman, 1973
1608:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1590:Servain, 1881
1588:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1570:Clessin, 1890
1568:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1450:Radoman, 1973
1448:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1420:Radoman, 1978
1418:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1390:Radoman, 1973
1388:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1366:Clathrocaspia
1363:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1279:Radoman, 1974
1277:
1276:
1272:
1269:Radoman, 1983
1267:
1266:
1262:
1259:Radoman, 1973
1257:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1219:Radoman, 1973
1217:
1216:
1212:
1209:Radoman, 1979
1207:
1206:
1205:Pseudoislamia
1202:
1199:Radoman, 1967
1197:
1196:
1195:Pseudohoratia
1192:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1179:Radoman, 1983
1177:
1176:
1175:Prespolitorea
1172:
1169:Radoman, 1973
1167:
1166:
1162:
1159:Boeters, 2003
1157:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1145:Pauluccinella
1142:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1125:Ohridohoratia
1122:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1109:Radoman, 1973
1107:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1053:Radoman, 1973
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:Radoman, 1962
1041:
1040:
1036:
1033:Boeters, 1970
1031:
1030:
1029:Litthabitella
1026:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1001:
1000:
996:
993:Boeters, 2003
991:
990:
986:
983:Radoman, 1983
981:
980:
976:
973:Radoman, 1983
971:
970:
966:
961:
960:
956:
951:
950:
946:
943:Radoman, 1973
941:
940:
936:
931:
930:
926:
921:
920:
919:Cyclothyrella
913:
910:Radoman, 1973
908:
907:
903:
898:
897:
893:
888:
887:
880:
877:Radoman, 1983
875:
874:
870:
869:
864:
863:
855:
854:
850:
845:
844:
840:
835:
834:
830:
825:
824:
820:
815:
814:
810:
805:
804:
800:
795:
794:
790:
787:Radoman, 1975
785:
784:
780:
775:
774:
770:
765:
764:
760:
755:
754:
750:
745:
744:
740:
735:
734:
730:
727:Girardi, 2009
725:
724:
720:
715:
714:
710:
707:Radoman, 1978
705:
704:
700:
695:
694:
690:
685:
684:
680:
677:Angelov, 1972
675:
674:
670:
665:
664:
660:
657:Radoman, 1975
655:
654:
650:
645:
644:
640:: synonym of
636:
633:
628:
627:
623:
618:
617:
613:
608:
607:
603:
600:Radoman, 1978
598:
597:
593:
588:
587:
583:
578:
577:
576:Belgrandiella
573:: synonym of
571:Radoman, 1975
569:
566:
561:
560:
559:Belgrandiella
556:
551:
550:
546:
541:
540:
536:
531:
530:
526:
523:Brusina, 1903
521:
520:
516:
511:
510:
506:
505:
503:Radoman, 1983
500:
499:
495:
493:
491:
487:
483:
475:
472:
468:
465:
463:Radoman, 1977
462:
459:
456:
453:
451:Radoman, 1973
450:
447:
444:
441:
437:
436:Belgrandiinae
434:
431:
428:
427:
426:
424:
417:2005 taxonomy
416:
414:
412:
407:
405:
400:
397:
395:
390:
385:
383:
379:
375:
367:
365:
363:
359:
355:
347:
345:
338:
333:
331:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
313:parthenogenic
309:
307:
302:
300:
295:
291:
289:
284:
282:
279:The corneous
277:
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
255:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
229:
227:
225:
217:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
194:
191:, is a large
190:
186:
182:
168:
162:
156:
155:
153:
150:
146:
141:
136:
133:
130:
129:
126:
123:
121:Superfamily:
120:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
89:
86:
83:
80:
79:
76:
73:
70:
69:
66:
63:
60:
59:
54:
49:
45:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
4102:
4060:
4057:
4052:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4026:
4023:
3988:
3982:
3925:
3921:
3911:
3898:
3892:
3880:. Retrieved
3868:
3862:
3818:(1): 19â28.
3815:
3809:
3799:
3786:
3761:
3749:
3736:
3726:
3715:
3702:
3692:
3681:
3673:Tournouerina
3671:
3658:
3648:
3638:
3628:
3624:SchĂŒtt, 1983
3618:
3608:
3604:Rzehak, 1893
3598:
3585:
3572:
3559:
3546:
3536:
3526:
3516:
3506:
3498:Scalimelania
3496:
3483:
3470:
3457:
3447:
3434:
3421:
3413:Rhodopyrgula
3411:
3398:
3387:
3373:
3365:Prososthenia
3363:
3356:Thiele, 1928
3350:
3340:
3329:
3318:
3307:Pontohoratia
3305:
3301:Guzhov, 2022
3295:
3284:
3274:
3263:
3253:
3243:
3232:
3222:
3213:Ohridonaumia
3211:
3201:
3194:SchĂŒtt, 1961
3188:
3178:
3165:
3161:Bandel, 2010
3157:Muellerpalia
3155:
3142:
3132:
3121:
3110:
3099:Micromelania
3097:
3084:
3073:
3065:
3056:
3047:
3036:
3023:
3013:
3006:Bandel, 2010
3000:
2987:
2977:
2970:Bandel, 2010
2964:
2957:Guzhov, 2023
2951:
2940:
2927:
2914:
2904:
2900:Crosse, 1872
2896:Heterocyclus
2894:
2890:GĂŒrlek, 2018
2884:
2874:
2864:
2851:
2838:
2827:
2817:
2806:
2796:
2792:Guzhov, 2022
2786:
2775:
2768:Pacaud, 1997
2762:
2753:Coelacanthia
2751:
2740:Cirsomphalus
2738:
2727:
2722:Stache, 1889
2716:
2704:
2694:
2684:
2673:
2660:
2649:
2639:
2626:
2613:
2606:Cotton, 1942
2602:Austropyrgus
2600:
2590:
2576:
2573:Altaba, 1993
2569:
2558:
2554:
2544:
2539:
2525:
2517:Persipyrgula
2515:
2505:
2495:
2480:Xestopyrgula
2478:
2468:
2458:
2448:
2438:
2427:
2417:
2407:
2397:
2384:
2374:
2366:Micropyrgula
2364:
2356:Micromelania
2354:
2343:
2330:
2317:
2307:
2296:
2288:Falsipyrgula
2286:
2276:
2266:
2258:Chilopyrgula
2256:
2246:
2235:
2214:
2204:
2194:
2184:
2174:
2161:
2151:
2141:
2121:
2111:
2101:
2091:
2081:
2060:
2052:Spilochlamys
2050:
2040:
2030:
2020:
2010:
2000:
1990:
1980:
1963:
1943:
1937:Mercuriinae
1923:
1913:
1903:
1893:
1883:
1873:
1863:
1853:
1843:
1835:Chondrobasis
1833:
1825:Boetersiella
1823:
1813:
1803:
1793:
1783:
1773:
1753:
1742:
1732:
1719:
1708:
1698:
1688:
1680:Harzhauseria
1678:
1667:
1657:
1647:
1637:
1631:Hydrobiinae
1622:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1576:Sardohoratia
1574:
1564:
1554:
1544:
1534:
1524:
1514:
1506:Imeretiopsis
1504:
1494:
1484:
1476:Hausdorfenia
1474:
1464:
1454:
1446:Dalmatinella
1444:
1434:
1424:
1414:
1394:
1384:
1374:
1364:
1354:
1344:
1333:
1314:
1304:
1294:
1288:
1273:
1263:
1253:
1249:SchĂŒtt, 1980
1243:
1233:
1223:
1213:
1203:
1193:
1183:
1173:
1163:
1153:
1143:
1133:
1123:
1113:
1103:
1093:
1083:
1070:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
1003:KuĆĄÄer, 1932
997:
987:
977:
967:
957:
947:
937:
927:
917:
904:
894:
884:
871:
851:
841:
831:
821:
811:
803:Sogdamnicola
801:
791:
781:
773:Pontohoratia
771:
761:
751:
741:
731:
723:Meyrargueria
721:
711:
701:
691:
681:
671:
663:Heraultiella
661:
651:
641:
638:KuĆĄÄer, 1933
634:
624:
620:SchĂŒtt, 1968
614:
604:
594:
584:
574:
567:
557:
549:Balkanospeum
547:
537:
527:
517:
507:
486:Cochliopidae
479:
420:
408:
404:monophyletic
401:
398:
386:
371:
351:
342:
325:
310:
303:
296:
292:
285:
278:
268:The sinuous
267:
263:periostracum
256:
249:
233:
221:
218:Distribution
193:cosmopolitan
188:
180:
179:
134:
38:
24:Hydrobiidae
18:
4375:Hydrobiidae
4246:iNaturalist
4147:Hydrobiidae
4133:Hydrobiidae
4127:Wikispecies
4103:Hydrobiidae
4083:Hydrobiidae
4024:The Veliger
3984:Malacologia
3928:(1): 1â21.
3882:13 February
3694:Unicarinata
3683:Tridentalia
3620:Syrofontana
3459:Salaeniella
3404:W. YĂŒ, 1977
3276:Pingyispira
3234:Parhydrobia
3180:Nematurella
2929:Illyricella
2866:Gyromelania
2853:Goniochilus
2840:Goniatogyra
2764:Costhyrella
2718:Charydrobia
2582:Ancey, 1888
2578:Pyrgophorus
2470:Turricaspia
2450:Stankovicia
2319:Laevicaspia
2268:Clessiniola
2228:Pyrgulinae
2163:Falniowskia
2103:Devetakiola
2032:Pyrgulopsis
1992:Cincinnatia
1986:Baker, 1926
1965:Navarriella
1885:Iberhoratia
1845:Corbellaria
1767:Islamiinae
1755:Tournoueria
1748:Wilke, 2003
1621:A shell of
1596:Travunijana
1556:Radomaniola
1516:Kartvelobia
1436:Caucasopsis
1408:Horatiinae
1376:Erosiconcha
1099:Radea, 2016
1072:Martinietta
1049:Malaprespia
886:Belchatovia
733:Microstygia
482:Amnicolidae
430:Hydrobiinae
425:from 2005:
230:Description
181:Hydrobiidae
169:Pyrgulidae
135:Hydrobiidae
4369:Categories
3778:References
3742:Kang, 1983
3650:Terranigra
3600:Staliopsis
3538:Sitnikovia
3508:Schapsugia
3502:Wenz, 1939
3389:Pyrgulella
3331:Potamaclis
3297:Pomatiasia
3190:Neohoratia
3144:Motsametia
3038:Lutetiella
2966:Jekeliella
2953:Islamiella
2906:Idrisiella
2870:Wenz, 1939
2729:Chazarella
2696:Bullaregia
2651:Berkanella
2641:Beogradica
2570:Antillobia
2497:Intermaria
2309:Itomelania
2282:Gude, 1913
2143:Corrosella
2123:Stoyanovia
2022:Notogillia
2002:Floridobia
1925:Spathogyna
1785:Alzoniella
1721:Polycirsus
1566:Sadleriana
1496:Iglicopsis
1416:Anagastina
1335:Alizadella
1326:Caspiinae
1316:Bullaregia
1235:Tarraconia
1105:Narentiana
929:Dalmatella
896:Belgrandia
743:Motsametia
635:Costellina
626:Colchiella
529:Arganiella
519:Andrusovia
467:Pyrgulinae
449:Islamiinae
299:osphradium
274:protoconch
200:freshwater
189:mud snails
101:Subclass:
95:Gastropoda
4007:0076-2997
3942:0097-3157
3698:Pan, 1982
3610:Stygobium
3528:Sheitanok
3485:Salalahia
3472:Salakosia
3400:Renistoma
3286:Polatenia
3255:Phaethusa
3015:Lisinskia
2979:Kadolskya
2876:Heideella
2592:Arabiella
2332:Maeotidia
2248:Annulifer
2093:Devetakia
2083:Cavernisa
2042:Rhapinema
2012:Marstonia
1915:Milesiana
1875:Hauffenia
1805:Avenionia
1775:Actenidia
1606:Vinodolia
1245:Trichonia
1165:Prespiana
1155:Plesiella
1135:Ohrigocea
1095:Myrtoessa
1009:Isimerope
999:Hadziella
989:Guadiella
979:Grossuana
939:Daphniola
906:Bracenica
873:Antibaria
763:Phreatica
606:Chirgisia
596:Cavernisa
539:Balkanica
382:estuarine
281:operculum
252:umbilicus
237:operculum
208:operculum
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
4112:Wikidata
4063:(1): 80.
3950:86258304
3834:83920162
3763:Znassela
3738:Wuconcha
3704:Vilertia
3640:Tefennia
3074:Menzella
3066:Mahrazia
3057:Lyobasis
3049:Lyobasis
2989:Kaskakia
2788:Edrozeba
2777:Ctyrokya
2686:Briardia
2675:Brasovia
2662:Bernicia
2615:Baglivia
2527:Shadinia
2507:Nicolaia
2345:Marticia
2278:Dianella
2186:Kaskakia
1982:Birgella
1945:Mercuria
1865:Fissuria
1795:Aretiana
1710:Peringia
1700:Hydrobia
1586:Tanousia
1546:Pezzolia
1526:Lerniana
1039:Lyhnidia
793:Sataplia
783:Sarajana
693:Iverakia
683:Istriana
673:Insignia
653:Graziana
474:Tateinae
389:Troschel
368:Taxonomy
362:detritus
323:larvae.
317:gonoduct
270:aperture
149:Synonyms
140:Stimpson
131:Family:
85:Mollusca
81:Phylum:
75:Animalia
61:Domain:
4118:Q206486
3728:Wallaua
3660:Torosia
3630:Tachira
3587:Stalioa
3561:Socenia
3449:Saccoia
3436:Robicia
3265:Pikasia
3167:Navalis
3002:Kerchia
2916:Ifrania
2829:Gafaita
2819:Fuxinia
2546:Agrafia
2429:Pyrgula
2216:Sarkhia
2062:Stiobia
1905:Josefus
1895:Islamia
1855:Deganta
1815:Beatrix
1734:Romania
1669:Ecrobia
1486:Horatia
1306:Biserta
1275:Zavalia
1215:Strugia
1019:Karucia
949:Gloeria
853:Zeteana
713:Kolevia
568:Boleana
358:diatoms
339:Habitat
334:Ecology
321:veliger
288:melanin
111:Order:
91:Class:
4326:430968
4310:NZOR:
4264:104509
4199:1HYBIF
4005:
3995:
3948:
3940:
3832:
3717:Vrazia
3548:Sivasi
3518:Sellia
2886:Hemite
2808:Fessia
2298:Ginaia
2153:Diegus
1396:Ulskia
1356:Caspia
1346:Azeria
1265:Zaumia
703:Kerkia
616:Cilgia
496:Genera
394:Thiele
306:radula
259:whorls
241:radula
196:family
142:, 1865
4347:WoRMS
4339:60680
4303:55731
4277:70493
4259:IRMNG
4251:82220
4212:11497
4173:7NHW7
3946:S2CID
3859:(PDF)
3830:S2CID
3773:Notes
3574:Staja
3423:Rifia
2628:Bania
1690:Hoyia
1225:Sumia
959:Gocea
509:Aetis
354:algae
245:penis
4298:NCBI
4272:ITIS
4238:2671
4233:GBIF
4194:EPPO
4186:2497
4160:1178
4155:BOLD
4003:ISSN
3993:ISBN
3938:ISSN
3884:2014
484:and
480:The
360:and
243:and
202:and
4352:120
4285:NBN
4181:EoL
4168:CoL
4142:ADW
3981:".
3930:doi
3926:151
3873:doi
3869:547
3820:doi
214:.
187:as
4371::
4349::
4336::
4323::
4300::
4287::
4274::
4261::
4248::
4235::
4222::
4209::
4196::
4183::
4170::
4157::
4144::
4129::
4114::
4015:^
4001:.
3989:47
3987:.
3969:;
3958:^
3944:.
3936:.
3924:.
3920:.
3867:.
3861:.
3842:^
3828:.
3814:.
3808:.
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356:,
330:.
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239:,
183:,
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4009:.
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