368:
hydrosalpinx fluid, toxic effects on the embryo and altered endometrial receptivity Thus, many specialists advocate that prior to an IVF attempt, the hydrosalpinx should be removed. However, the benefits seem to be higher when the hydrosalpinx is bilateral, visible on ultrasound, or both. Salpingectomy removes the chronically infected hydrosalpinx, decreasing the risk of infection after oocyte retrieval and increasing the accessibility to the ovary; anyway, it is a surgical procedure and it could also affect the ovarian blood flow.
138:, ruptured appendicitis, and abdominal surgery sometimes are associated with the problem. As a reaction to injury, the body rushes inflammatory cells into the area, and inflammation and later healing result in loss of the fimbria and closure of the tube. These infections usually affect both fallopian tubes, and although a hydrosalpinx can be one-sided, the other tube on the opposite side is often abnormal. By the time it is detected, the tubal fluid usually is sterile, and does not contain an active infection. (Not symptoms)
40:
152:
117:
109:
281:
to image the fallopian tubes, shows the retort-like shape of the distended tubes and the absence of spillage of the dye into the peritoneum. If, however, there is a tubal occlusion at the utero-tubal junction, a hydrosalpinx may go undetected. When a hydrosalpinx is detected by a hysterosalpingogram
235:
of the inner lining (endosalpinx) of the fallopian tube beat towards the uterus, tubal fluid is normally discharged via the fimbriated end into the peritoneal cavity from where it is cleared. If the fimbriated end of the tube becomes agglutinated, the resulting obstruction does not allow the tubal
80:
or clear fluid near the ovary (distal to the uterus). The blocked tube may become substantially distended giving the tube a characteristic sausage-like or retort-like shape. The condition is often bilateral and the affected tubes may reach several centimeters in diameter. The blocked tubes cause
367:
in a detrimental way. Indeed, the presence of hydrosalpinx prior to IVF treatments, negatively affects pregnancy rates and increases the risk for spontaneous miscarriage. Even if the exact mechanism remains unclear, these effects could be ascribed to a combination of mechanical effects of
379:
may have been the first to understand basic tubal function, describe hydrosalpinx, and link the development of hydrosalpinx with female infertility. The usually infectious cause of the process was well known to physicians by the end of the nineteenth century. With the introduction of
293:
is performed, the surgeon may note the distended tubes, identify the occlusion, and may also find associated adhesions affecting the pelvic organs. Laparoscopy not only allows for the diagnosis of hydrosalpinx, but also presents a platform for intervention (see management).
326:
to open up the distally occluded end of the tubes (salpingostomy) and remove adhesions (adhesiolysis). Pregnancy rates tended to be low as the infection process often had permanently damaged the tubes, and in many cases hydrosalpinges and adhesions formed again. Further,
236:
fluid to pass; it accumulates and reverts its flow downstream, into the uterus, or production is curtailed by damage to the endosalpinx. This tube then is unable to participate in the reproductive process: sperm cannot pass, the egg is not picked up, and
362:
Several studies have shown that IVF patients with untreated hydrosalpinx have lower conception rates than controls and it has been speculated that the tubal fluid that enters the endometrial cavity alters the local environment or affects the
746:
731:
358:
which bypasses the need for tubal function a more successful treatment approach has become available for women who want to conceive. IVF has now become the major treatment for women with hydrosalpinx to achieve a pregnancy.
350:
Among the main causes for female infertility, tubal factors account for 25-35%. In particular, hydrosalpinx is found in 10-30% of couples with infertility; actually, this condition may impair fertility and IVF outcomes.
800:
708:
614:
Grynnerup AG, Lindhard A, Sørensen S. Anti-Müllerian hormone levels in salpingectomized compared with nonsalpingectomized women with tubal factor infertility and women with unexplained infertility.
793:
273:
as the fluid filled elongated and distended tubes display their typical echolucent pattern. However, a small hydrosalpinx may be missed by sonography. During an infertility work-up a
585:
Blazar AS, Hogan JW, Seifer DB, Frishman GN, Wheeler CA, Haning RV. The impact of hydrosalpinx on successful pregnancy in tubal factor infertility treated by in vitro fertilization.
489:
Honoré GM, Holden AE, Schenken RS. Pathophysiology and management of proximal tubal blockage. Fertil Steril. 1999 May;71(5):785-95. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00014-x. PMID 10231034.
334:
Non-infertile patients who suffer from severe chronic pain due to hydrosalpinx formation that is not relieved by pain management may consider surgical removal of the affected tubes (
1772:
409:
1624:
786:
261:
Tubal phimosis refers to a situation where the tubal end is partially occluded, in this case fertility is impeded, and the risk of an ectopic pregnancy is increased.
120:
Post-ovulation the egg is collected from the woman's reproductive organs, fused with sperm and the resulting fertilized ovum is reinserted into the uterus.
388:(1920) its non-surgical diagnosis became possible. Surgery was gradually displaced by IVF as the main treatment for tubal infertility after the birth of
1617:
1587:
1610:
1231:
1401:
920:
199:
695:
437:
A Greek-English
Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie.
1015:
307:
177:
173:
547:"Hydrosalpinx and IVF outcome: a prospective, randomized multicentre trial in Scandinavia on salpingectomy prior to IVF"
501:"Management of hydrosalpinx before or during in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer: a national postal survey in France"
1528:
303:
213:
48:
162:
1523:
1256:
953:
310:
will reduce incidence of hydrosalpinx. Also, as hydrosalpinx is a sequel to a pelvic infection, adequate and early
181:
166:
1572:
1141:
908:
1456:
1406:
1362:
1020:
270:
598:
Ozmen B, Diedrich K, Al-Hasani S. Hydrosalpinx and IVF: assessment of treatments implemented prior to IVF.
254:. A pyosalpinx is typically seen in a more acute stage of pelvic inflammatory disease and may be part of a
1434:
1010:
849:
809:
93:
1439:
1293:
1236:
1161:
1099:
960:
381:
132:
is a common symptom. Patients who are not trying to get pregnant and have no pain, may go undetected.
1451:
876:
255:
1562:
1501:
1357:
750:
274:
217:
1642:
1429:
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1156:
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854:
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1025:
913:
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568:
522:
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328:
251:
55:
778:
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1298:
1126:
893:
832:
641:
558:
545:
Strandell A, Lindhard A, Waldenström U, Thorburn J, Janson PO, Hamberger L (November 1999).
512:
462:
376:
331:
is a typical complication. Surgical interventions can be done by laparotomy or laparoscopy.
322:
For most of the past century patients with tubal infertility due to hydrosalpinx underwent
96:
of the Greek words ὕδωρ (hydōr – "water") and σάλπιγξ (sálpinx – "trumpet"); its plural is
1688:
1374:
1317:
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1131:
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73:
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883:
517:
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335:
244:
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135:
86:
618:. 2013 Nov;92(11):1297-303. doi: 10.1111/aogs.12234. Epub 2013 Oct 4. PMID 24032634.
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39:
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243:
Other causes of distal tubal occlusion include adhesion formation from surgery,
151:
129:
125:
82:
499:
Ducarme, G; Uzan, M; Hugues, J; Cedrindurnerin, I; Poncelet, C (October 2006).
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1416:
1338:
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1177:
1062:
888:
740:
323:
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224:. However, not all pelvic infections will cause distal tubal occlusion. Tubal
124:
Symptoms can vary. Some patients have lower often recurring abdominal pain or
60:
17:
646:
629:
1602:
1471:
1461:
1347:
817:
761:
221:
605:. 2007 Feb;14(2):235-41. doi: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60792-4. PMID 17298728.
572:
526:
476:
655:
589:. 1997 Mar;67(3):517-20. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80079-9. PMID 9091340.
108:
1678:
1577:
1283:
723:
1739:
1719:
673:
1218:
989:
735:
451:"Role of laparoscopic salpingostomy in the treatment of hydrosalpinx"
364:
77:
1673:
232:
128:, while others may be asymptomatic. As tubal function is impeded,
107:
766:
703:
1606:
782:
286:
to reduce the risk of reactivation of an inflammatory process.
355:
306:
is the major cause of hydrosalpinx formation, steps to reduce
145:
116:
247:, and cancer of the tube, ovary or other surrounding organs.
216:, usually as a consequence of an ascending infection by
630:"Reinier De Graaf (1641-1673) and the Fallopian tube"
431:
429:
713:
250:
A hematosalpinx is most commonly associated with an
1709:
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1199:
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824:
717:
54:
32:
228:is an uncommon cause of hydrosalpinx formation.
314:treatment of a pelvic infection is called for.
212:The major cause for distal tubal occlusion is
1773:Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs
1618:
794:
342:with removal of the tubes, possibly ovaries.
8:
180:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1625:
1611:
1603:
1545:
1322:
1003:
994:
837:
828:
801:
787:
779:
714:
628:Ankum WM, Houtzager HL, Bleker OP (1996).
449:Taylor RC, Berkowitz J, McComb PF (2001).
85:. A fallopian tube filled with blood is a
38:
29:
645:
562:
516:
466:
200:Learn how and when to remove this message
115:
678:. D. Appleton & Co, New York, 1889.
401:
435:Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940).
540:
538:
536:
7:
269:Hydrosalpinx may be diagnosed using
178:adding citations to reliable sources
1588:Persistent genital arousal disorder
72:is a condition that occurs when a
25:
1402:Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
921:Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
675:Treatise on the Diseases of Women
277:, an X-ray procedure that uses a
518:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.02.120
150:
709:Medpix pictures of hydrosalpinx
1016:Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
308:sexually transmitted infection
1:
468:10.1016/S0015-0282(00)01737-4
89:, and with pus a pyosalpinx.
1112:Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)
1083:Polymenorrhea (epimenorrhea)
282:it is prudent to administer
1529:Pelvic inflammatory disease
304:pelvic inflammatory disease
214:pelvic inflammatory disease
49:gynecologic ultrasonography
1789:
1716:Cause of fluid collection
1524:Pelvic congestion syndrome
954:Fallopian tube obstruction
76:is blocked and fills with
1573:Vestibular papillomatosis
1492:
1425:
1325:
1152:
1142:Metropathia haemorrhagica
1006:
616:Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand
564:10.1093/humrep/14.11.2762
414:www.reproductivefacts.org
46:
37:
909:Follicular cyst of ovary
439:Oxford: Clarendon Press.
324:tubal corrective surgery
1407:Sexual arousal disorder
1363:Candidal vulvovaginitis
1021:Endometrial hyperplasia
505:Fertility and Sterility
850:Endometriosis of ovary
647:10.1093/humupd/2.4.365
121:
113:
1294:Vesicouterine fistula
1237:Cervical incompetence
1162:Recurrent miscarriage
1100:Premenstrual syndrome
961:Fallopian tube cancer
382:hysterosalpingography
240:does not take place.
119:
111:
47:Left hydrosalpinx on
1452:Rectovaginal fistula
877:Poor ovarian reserve
256:tubo-ovarian abscess
174:improve this section
1502:Postcoital bleeding
1430:Urogenital fistulas
1358:Bacterial vaginosis
1011:Asherman's syndrome
634:Hum. Reprod. Update
354:With the advent of
275:hysterosalpingogram
1643:Volume contraction
1387:Sexual dysfunction
1353:Atrophic vaginitis
1289:Retroverted uterus
1252:Female infertility
1232:Cervical dysplasia
1157:Female infertility
949:Female infertility
904:Corpus luteum cyst
860:Ovulatory disorder
855:Female infertility
698:2022-10-04 at the
386:tubal insufflation
122:
114:
104:Signs and symptoms
92:Hydrosalpinx is a
1760:
1759:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1537:
1536:
1512:
1511:
1445:Obstetric fistula
1343:Vaginal discharge
1312:
1311:
1257:Cervical stenosis
1172:
1171:
1026:Endometrial polyp
984:
983:
914:Theca lutein cyst
776:
775:
329:ectopic pregnancy
252:ectopic pregnancy
210:
209:
202:
66:
65:
27:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
1780:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1604:
1568:Kraurosis vulvae
1563:Bartholin's cyst
1546:
1497:Vaginal bleeding
1390:
1323:
1299:Uterine prolapse
1127:Menometrorrhagia
1051:
1004:
995:
894:Ovarian apoplexy
838:
829:
803:
796:
789:
780:
715:
680:
679:
666:
660:
659:
649:
625:
619:
612:
606:
596:
590:
583:
577:
576:
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542:
531:
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511:(4): 1013–1016.
496:
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446:
440:
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377:Regnier de Graaf
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185:
154:
146:
42:
30:
21:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1779:
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1777:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1705:
1689:pulmonary edema
1660:
1637:
1631:
1601:
1592:
1533:
1508:
1488:
1421:
1384:
1379:
1375:Vaginal atresia
1308:
1268:
1227:Cervical cancer
1213:
1195:
1191:Uterine fibroid
1168:
1148:
1132:Polymenorrhagia
1073:Oligoamenorrhea
1045:
1040:
980:
935:
931:Ovarian torsion
820:
810:Female diseases
807:
777:
772:
771:
726:
700:Wayback Machine
689:
684:
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670:Alexander Skene
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348:
320:
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271:ultrasonography
267:
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195:
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171:
155:
144:
106:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1729:
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1722:
1713:
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1707:
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1698:
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1691:
1686:
1684:cerebral edema
1676:
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1668:
1662:
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1659:
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1653:
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1639:
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1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1454:
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1447:
1442:
1437:
1435:Ureterovaginal
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1412:Vaginal cancer
1409:
1404:
1399:
1393:
1391:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1367:
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1365:
1360:
1355:
1345:
1336:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1304:Uterine cancer
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1264:Nabothian cyst
1261:
1260:
1259:
1249:
1244:
1242:Cervical polyp
1239:
1234:
1229:
1223:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1197:
1196:
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1120:
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1078:Oligomenorrhea
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1065:
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1042:
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1038:
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941:Fallopian tube
937:
936:
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928:
926:Ovarian cancer
923:
918:
917:
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870:Oligoovulation
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718:Classification
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687:External links
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578:
557:(11): 2762–9.
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461:(3): 594–600.
455:Fertil. Steril
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410:"Hydrosalpinx"
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279:contrast agent
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98:hydrosalpinges
74:fallopian tube
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18:Hydrosalpinges
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1068:Hypomenorrhea
1066:
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1056:
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1053:
1050:
1049:
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1037:
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1031:Endometriosis
1029:
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1022:
1019:
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1009:
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966:Hematosalpinx
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600:Reprod Biomed
595:
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587:Fertil Steril
582:
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245:endometriosis
241:
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238:fertilization
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193:
190:February 2024
183:
179:
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169:
168:
164:
159:This section
157:
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141:
139:
137:
136:Endometriosis
133:
131:
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103:
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88:
87:hematosalpinx
84:
79:
75:
71:
62:
59:
57:
53:
50:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1745:hydrosalpinx
1744:
1666:Hypervolemia
1635:volume state
1477:Sigmoidocele
1385:
1330:Hematocolpos
1209:Parametritis
1117:Metrorrhagia
1095:Dysmenorrhea
1048:Menstruation
1046:
1036:Endometritis
971:Hydrosalpinx
970:
899:Ovarian cyst
760:
745:
730:
674:
664:
640:(4): 365–9.
637:
633:
623:
615:
610:
602:
599:
594:
586:
581:
554:
550:
508:
504:
494:
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436:
417:. Retrieved
413:
404:
390:Louise Brown
375:
361:
353:
349:
340:hysterectomy
338:) or even a
333:
321:
301:
288:
268:
260:
249:
242:
230:
226:tuberculosis
211:
196:
187:
172:Please help
160:
134:
123:
112:Hydrosalpinx
97:
91:
70:hydrosalpinx
69:
67:
33:Hydrosalpinx
1735:hydrothorax
1656:Hypovolemia
1651:Dehydration
1482:Urethrocele
1397:Dyspareunia
1370:Hydrocolpos
1334:Hydrocolpos
1280:Hematometra
1201:Parametrium
1186:Adenomyosis
999:Endometrium
976:Salpingitis
865:Anovulation
551:Hum. Reprod
384:(1914) and
291:laparoscopy
284:antibiotics
130:infertility
126:pelvic pain
83:infertility
1750:hyperaemia
1725:transudate
1701:Lymphedema
1696:Angioedema
1583:Vulvodynia
1467:Enterocele
1417:Vaginismus
1339:Leukorrhea
1247:Cervicitis
1178:Myometrium
1063:Amenorrhea
889:Oophoritis
693:fact sheet
419:2022-06-30
396:References
318:Management
312:antibiotic
298:Prevention
231:While the
61:Gynecology
1472:Rectocele
1462:Cystocele
1348:Vaginitis
762:SNOMED CT
392:in 1978.
265:Diagnosis
222:gonorrhea
218:chlamydia
161:does not
94:composite
56:Specialty
1767:Category
1731:By site
1679:Anasarca
1578:Vulvitis
1542:External
1457:Prolapse
1284:Pyometra
825:Internal
818:genitals
767:21711003
696:Archived
672:(1890).
573:10548619
527:16962113
477:11239547
1740:ascites
1720:exudate
1273:General
812:of the
656:9080233
372:History
182:removed
167:sources
1318:Vagina
1219:Cervix
1138:Other
1123:Mixed
1107:Timing
990:Uterus
833:Adnexa
814:pelvis
654:
603:Online
571:
525:
475:
365:embryo
78:serous
1710:Other
1674:Edema
1550:Vulva
1517:Other
842:Ovary
756:614.1
741:N70.1
289:When
233:cilia
142:Cause
1090:Pain
1058:Flow
816:and
751:9-CM
704:ASRM
652:PMID
569:PMID
523:PMID
473:PMID
165:any
163:cite
747:ICD
732:ICD
642:doi
559:doi
513:doi
463:doi
356:IVF
346:IVF
302:As
220:or
176:by
1769::
1341:/
1332:/
1282:/
765::
754::
739::
736:10
702:,
650:.
636:.
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567:.
555:14
553:.
549:.
535:^
521:.
509:86
507:.
503:.
471:.
459:75
457:.
453:.
428:^
412:.
258:.
100:.
68:A
1626:e
1619:t
1612:v
802:e
795:t
788:v
749:-
734:-
724:D
658:.
644::
638:2
575:.
561::
529:.
515::
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465::
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203:)
197:(
192:)
188:(
184:.
170:.
20:)
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