70:). Other symptoms can be crepitus or tenderness over the bone, suffocation when sticking out the tongue, dyspnea, dysphonia, and subcutaneous emphysema. On laryngoscope examination, lacerations on the pharynx, bruises, swelling, and/or hyoid bone fragments can be seen. If the hyoid bone is fractured, there is a high likelihood that the larynx, pharynx, mandible, and/or cervical spine may be injured as well. Common co-occurring injuries include Le Fort III fractures, mandibular or cervical vertebra fractures, and mandibular dislocation.
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Treatment options vary from very conservative to aggressive. Conservative options include rest, observation, pain control, diet changes, use of a nasopharyngeal tube or oropharyngeal tube, and antibiotic therapy. More aggressive options include surgical repair of the hyoid bone and/or tracheotomy.
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Hyoid bone fractures represent 0.002% of all fractures; they are rare because the hyoid bone is well-protected by its location in the neck behind the mandible and in front of the cervical spine, as well as its mobility. 91.3% of hyoid bone fractures occur in men.
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Ramchand, Tekchand; Choudhry, Osamah J.; Shukla, Pratik A.; Tomovic, Senja; Kuperan, Arjuna B.; Eloy, Jean
Anderson (2012-08-01). "Management of hyoid bone fractures: a systematic review".
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and rarely occurs in isolation. The fracture may be associated with gunshot injury, car accidents or induced vomiting. In 50% of strangulations and 27% of hangings, hyoid fractures occur.
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The main symptoms of a hyoid bone fracture include pain when the affected person rotates their neck, trouble swallowing (
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A diagnosis can be made using clinical examination, laryngoscope examination, and/or radiographic studies.
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Surgical treatment was used in 10.9% of cases in a 2012 meta-analysis.
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Antero-posterior compression fractures with inside periosteal tears
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Hyoid bone fractures are classified into three different types:
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Inward compression fractures with outside periosteal tears
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International
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
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