254:
150:
36:
128:
1081:
536:
Splenomegaly refers strictly to spleen enlargement, and is distinct from hypersplenism, which connotes overactive function by a spleen of any size. Splenomegaly and hypersplenism should not be confused. Each may be found separately, or they may coexist. Clinically, if a spleen is palpable (felt via
1204:
is indicated and will correct the hypersplenism. However, the underlying cause of the hypersplenism will most likely remain; consequently, a thorough diagnostic workup is still indicated, as, leukemia, lymphoma and other serious disorders can cause hypersplenism and splenomegaly. After splenectomy,
2250:
Ilardo, M. A.; Moltke, I.; Korneliussen, T. S.; Cheng, J.; Stern, A. J.; Racimo, F.; de Barros
Damgaard, P.; Sikora, M.; Seguin-Orlando, A.; Rasmussen, S.; van den Munckhof, I. C. L.; ter Horst, R.; Joosten, L. A. B.; Netea, M. G.; Salingkat, S.; Nielsen, R.; Willerslev, E. (2018-04-18).
625:
to get insight into a person's condition. However, because spleen size varies greatly, ultrasonography is not a valid technique for assessing spleen enlargement and should not be used in typical circumstances or to make routine decisions about fitness for playing sports.
2371:
2352:
1513:
Chow, Kai Uwe; Luxembourg, Beate; Seifried, Erhard; Bonig, Halvard (2016). "Spleen Size Is
Significantly Influenced by Body Height and Sex: Establishment of Normal Values for Spleen Size at US with a Cohort of 1200 Healthy Individuals".
2774:
613:
can be used to confirm diagnosis. In patients where the likelihood of splenomegaly is high, the physical exam is not sufficiently sensitive to detect it; abdominal imaging is indicated in such patients.
1859:
Putukian, M; O'Connor, FG; Stricker, P; McGrew, C; Hosey, RG; Gordon, SM; Kinderknecht, J; Kriss, V; Landry, G (Jul 2008). "Mononucleosis and athletic participation: an evidence-based subject review".
2767:
2478:
541:), it means it is enlarged as it has to undergo at least twofold enlargement to become palpable. However, the tip of the spleen may be palpable in a newborn baby up to three months of age.
3411:
2100:
Suvajdzić, N.; Cemerikić-Martinović, V.; Saranović, D.; Petrović, M.; Popović, M.; Artiko, V.; Cupić, M.; Elezović, I. (Oct 2006). "Littoral-cell angioma as a rare cause of splenomegaly".
2760:
2220:
46:
2471:
1560:
Rosenberg, H K; Markowitz, R I; Kolberg, H; Park, C; Hubbard, A; Bellah, R D (1991). "Normal splenic size in infants and children: sonographic measurements".
1829:
2464:
834:
518:
For children, the cutoffs for splenomegaly are given in this table, when measuring the greatest length of the spleen between its dome and its tip, in the
1192:
Abdominal CT is the most accurate. The spleen needs to be 2–3 times larger than normal to be palpable below the costal margin in physical examination.
1249:
An enlarged spleen may be an inherited, adaptive trait selected in populations that need extra oxygen carry capacity such as deep sea divers. The
844:
2559:
2631:
2702:
213:
in any combination; a compensatory proliferative response in the bone marrow; and the potential for correction of these abnormalities by
287:
of a craniocaudal height of 13 cm is also used to define splenomegaly. In addition, individual intervals have been established:
1942:
1440:
1833:
221:), which suggests that it is a response to hyperfunction. It is therefore not surprising that splenomegaly is associated with any
2734:
2176:
Ziske, C.; Meybehm, M.; Sauerbruch, T.; Schmidt-Wolf, IG. (Jan 2001). "Littoral cell angioma as a rare cause of splenomegaly".
2647:
1293:
1107:
2995:
2050:
Friedman, AD.; Daniel, GK.; Qureshi, WA. (Jun 1997). "Systemic ehrlichiosis presenting as progressive hepatosplenomegaly".
107:
79:
1348:"Hypercalcemia and huge splenomegaly presenting in an elderly patient with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a case report"
1092:
824:
575:
pain when stomach, bladder or bowels are full, back pain, early satiety due to splenic encroachment, or the symptoms of
161:
2752:
54:
3406:
2729:
2621:
839:
1896:
Spielmann, AL; DeLong, DM; Kliewer, MA (Jan 2005). "Sonographic evaluation of spleen size in tall healthy athletes".
1705:
Pelizzo, G.; Guazzotti, M.; Klersy, C.; Nakib, G.; Costanzo, F.; Andreatta, E.; Bassotti, G.; Calcaterra, V. (2018).
1788:
Grover SA, Barkun AN, Sackett DL (1993). "The rational clinical examination. Does this patient have splenomegaly?".
86:
1025:
553:
253:
1814:
65:
50:
3380:
622:
296:
258:
3289:
1764:
970:
925:
2390:
2293:
2011:"Human immunodeficiency virus-associated hemophagocytosis with iron-deficiency anemia and massive splenomegaly"
1220:
930:
915:
643:
635:
618:
284:
2085:
Neufeld EF, Muenzer J (1995). "The mucopolysaccharidoses". In
Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, Valle D (eds.).
93:
3335:
2915:
2856:
2799:
2787:
2626:
1707:"Spleen size evaluation in children: Time to define splenomegaly for pediatric surgeons and pediatricians"
1214:
1148:
1065:
920:
753:
75:
3073:
2687:
1456:
Saboo, S S; Krajewski, K M; O'Regan, K N; Giardino, A; Brown, J R; Ramaiya, N; Jagannathan, J P (2012).
1231:
1138:
1070:
984:
538:
3267:
3020:
2930:
1134:
1015:
1253:
people, notable for free-diving, have spleens that are 50% larger than those of nearby ethnic groups.
3365:
3355:
3294:
3247:
3230:
3149:
2990:
2861:
2724:
2714:
1718:
1164:
1019:
815:
664:
594:
2999:
2925:
2900:
2707:
2586:
2375:
1273:
1123:
819:
647:
292:
230:
149:
3015:
3197:
3126:
3058:
3049:
2783:
2719:
2692:
2682:
2593:
2509:
2201:
1983:
1884:
1687:
1636:
1288:
1283:
1268:
975:
720:
708:
3350:
3242:
3131:
2895:
2456:
1426:
3385:
3375:
3370:
3320:
3252:
3169:
2943:
2519:
2514:
2504:
2487:
2430:
2401:
2301:
2274:
2193:
2158:
2117:
2067:
2032:
1991:
1938:
1913:
1876:
1805:
1746:
1679:
1671:
1628:
1620:
1585:
1577:
1539:
1531:
1495:
1477:
1436:
1379:
1323:
602:
598:
173:
3340:
3262:
3083:
3010:
2920:
2741:
2697:
2672:
2659:
2576:
2566:
2536:
2264:
2185:
2148:
2109:
2059:
2022:
1975:
1905:
1868:
1797:
1736:
1726:
1663:
1612:
1569:
1523:
1485:
1469:
1369:
1359:
218:
3174:
3063:
2970:
2938:
2883:
2829:
2636:
2616:
1842:
1838:
1278:
1040:
994:
980:
965:
945:
798:
747:
530:
178:
100:
3345:
2948:
2910:
2905:
606:
1722:
1398:
671:
The possible causes of moderate splenomegaly (spleen <1000 g) are many, and include:
3325:
3315:
3257:
3192:
3106:
2526:
1741:
1706:
1490:
1457:
1374:
1347:
951:
829:
785:
590:
568:
529:, splenomegaly can be defined as a spleen weight above the upper limit of the standard
226:
2384:
2380:
3400:
3330:
3111:
3005:
2985:
2598:
2113:
2063:
1654:
Molina, D. Kimberley; DiMaio, Vincent J. M. (2015). "Normal Organ
Weights in Women".
1226:
1097:
867:
794:
776:
767:
739:
698:
651:
519:
242:
194:
2205:
1888:
1691:
1640:
3202:
3068:
2975:
2834:
2667:
2441:
1156:
1049:
803:
780:
659:
586:
206:
202:
1603:
Molina, D. Kimberley; DiMaio, Vincent J.M. (2012). "Normal Organ
Weights in Men".
654:, and sarcoidosis). Splenomegaly may also come from bacterial infections, such as
2395:
1872:
1731:
1667:
1616:
3360:
3237:
2868:
2571:
2425:
2153:
2136:
1235:
1201:
1160:
1152:
989:
850:
772:
703:
266:
214:
2444:
2406:
2269:
2252:
2221:"Large spleen helps explain deep-diving skills of Southeast Asian 'sea nomads'"
1909:
1317:
3310:
3121:
3053:
3044:
3036:
3026:
2878:
2873:
2839:
2824:
2677:
2608:
2365:
2361:
1933:
Kaiser, Larry R.; Pavan Atluri; Giorgos C Karakousis; Paige M Porrett (2006).
1573:
1527:
1250:
1238:
1170:
1130:
1060:
1045:
1030:
621:
splenomegaly is a common symptom and health care providers may consider using
610:
549:
2305:
1801:
1675:
1624:
1581:
1535:
1481:
1129:
Infiltrative, by invasion by cells foreign to the splenic environment (e.g.,
229:
being destroyed in the spleen. Other common causes include congestion due to
201:
which include: some reduction in number of circulating blood cells affecting
17:
2851:
2844:
2819:
2436:
2328:
1364:
1008:
901:
883:
877:
580:
572:
238:
234:
210:
2278:
2197:
2162:
2121:
2036:
1917:
1880:
1750:
1683:
1632:
1543:
1499:
1473:
1383:
1327:
2189:
2071:
1995:
1809:
1589:
3225:
3154:
3078:
2814:
2554:
1935:
The surgical review: an integrated basic and clinical science study guide
1263:
1178:
1174:
1034:
655:
564:
544:
Calculators have been developed for measurements of spleen size based on
276:
Moderate splenomegaly: the largest dimension is between 11 and 20 cm
217:. Splenomegaly is usually associated with increased workload (such as in
2344:
1118:
Splenomegaly can be classified based on its pathophysiologic mechanism:
273:
Normal (not splenomegaly): the largest dimension is less than 11 cm
3164:
3159:
2888:
2791:
2641:
2531:
2225:
1987:
1209:
1102:
790:
763:
714:
545:
526:
222:
157:
64:
if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
3281:
2809:
2546:
2496:
2356:
2087:
The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease.7th ed. Vol. 2
1458:"Spleen in haematological malignancies: spectrum of imaging findings"
1144:
887:
873:
757:
639:
576:
279:
Severe splenomegaly: the largest dimension is greater than 20 cm
190:
165:
1979:
1765:"Splenic Index & Volume Calculator (CT/MRI/US)+ Expected Normal"
1080:
2027:
2010:
3116:
2965:
1205:
however, patients have an increased risk for infectious diseases.
1079:
1055:
634:
The most common causes of splenomegaly in developed countries are
193:. The spleen usually lies in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) of the
1414:
Updated Apr. 2012 (referring the classification system to Poulin
743:
2756:
2460:
2253:"Physiological and Genetic Adaptations to Diving in Sea Nomads"
2009:
Sproat, LO.; Pantanowitz, L.; Lu, CM.; Dezube, BJ. (Dec 2003).
675:
Splenomegaly grouped on the basis of the pathogenic mechanism
29:
1088:
The causes of massive splenomegaly (spleen >1000 g) are
734:
Response to infection (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic)
589:
of splenomegaly may include a palpable left upper quadrant
1311:
1309:
1555:
1553:
1656:
The
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
1605:
The
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
289:
61:
662:). Splenomegaly also occurs in mammals parasitized by
414:
241:. Thus, the finding of an enlarged spleen, along with
1937:. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
1834:"Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question"
2334:
2135:
Dascalescu, CM.; Wendum, D.; Gorin, NC. (Sep 2001).
265:
The standard system for classifying splenomegaly on
197:. Splenomegaly is one of the four cardinal signs of
3303:
3280:
3218:
3185:
3142:
3099:
3092:
3035:
2957:
2798:
2658:
2607:
2545:
2495:
2416:
2338:
172:
164:, showing splenomegaly. Yellow arrows point at the
142:
2137:"Littoral-cell angioma as a cause of splenomegaly"
1316:Chapman, J; Azevedo, AM (2018), "article-29386",
3412:Symptoms and signs: Digestive system and abdomen
1433:Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease
1322:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
1200:If the splenomegaly underlies hypersplenism, a
245:, is an important sign of portal hypertension.
1846:, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine
60:Please review the contents of the article and
2768:
2472:
2245:
2243:
658:or an infection of the heart's inner lining (
8:
1830:American Medical Society for Sports Medicine
1824:
1822:
835:familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
522:through its hilum while breathing quietly.
3096:
2775:
2761:
2753:
2479:
2465:
2457:
2335:
2089:. McGraw-Hill, New York. pp. 2465–94.
1208:Patients undergoing splenectomy should be
148:
139:
2268:
2152:
2026:
1740:
1730:
1489:
1435:. Springer Science & Business Media.
1373:
1363:
1173:, when resident immune cells originate a
673:
252:
1305:
1011:(acute, chronic, lymphoid, and myeloid)
845:autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
2560:Asplenia with cardiovascular anomalies
1966:) on St. Catherines Island, Georgia".
1898:AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
593:or splenic rub. It can be detected on
2632:Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma
7:
2294:"Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea"
1002:Benign and malignant "infiltrations"
571:, chest pain, chest pain similar to
2102:Clinical and Laboratory Haematology
1122:Congestive, by pooled blood (e.g.,
257:Maximum dimension of the spleen on
1861:Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine
1230:. They should also receive annual
25:
2219:Rappaport, Lisa (19 April 2018).
1562:American Journal of Roentgenology
2735:Postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma
2703:Lymphedema–distichiasis syndrome
2114:10.1111/j.1365-2257.2006.00801.x
2064:10.1097/00007611-199706000-00017
1462:The British Journal of Radiology
847:, an autosomal dominant disorder
126:
34:
1960:Cuterebra fontinella fontinella
1352:Journal of Medical Case Reports
1241:may be given in certain cases.
225:process that involves abnormal
2648:Template:Respiratory pathology
2329:Splenomegaly and hypersplenism
2292:Zimmer, Carl (19 April 2018).
1294:Tropical splenomegaly syndrome
1108:splenic marginal zone lymphoma
62:add the appropriate references
1:
1962:) Parasitism of Cotton Mice (
533:of 230 g (8.1 oz).
1958:Durden LA (1995). "Bot Fly (
1873:10.1097/jsm.0b013e31817e34f8
1732:10.1371/journal.pone.0202741
1668:10.1097/PAF.0000000000000175
1617:10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad
1093:chronic myelogenous leukemia
861:Extramedullary hematopoiesis
825:systemic lupus erythematosus
650:(most commonly secondary to
638:, splenic infiltration with
295:of maximum spleen length by
162:chronic lymphocytic leukemia
2996:Charcot's cholangitis triad
2730:Postinflammatory lymphedema
2622:Generalized lymphadenopathy
2490:: organ and vessel diseases
2154:10.1056/NEJM200109063451016
1968:The Journal of Parasitology
840:autoimmune hemolytic anemia
810:Disordered immunoregulation
47:reliable medical references
3428:
2270:10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.054
1910:10.2214/ajr.184.1.01840045
1026:myeloproliferative disease
689:
3381:Sister Mary Joseph nodule
1574:10.2214/ajr.157.1.2048509
1528:10.1148/radiol.2015150887
693:Removal of defective RBCs
623:abdominal ultrasonography
306:
303:
297:abdominal ultrasonography
259:abdominal ultrasonography
189:is an enlargement of the
156:
147:
53:or relies too heavily on
27:Enlargement of the spleen
1802:10.1001/jama.270.18.2218
1221:Streptococcus pneumoniae
1084:Normal spleen (in green)
931:splenic vein obstruction
916:hepatic vein obstruction
644:hematological malignancy
636:infectious mononucleosis
619:infectious mononucleosis
299:by height of the person
1841:: an initiative of the
1365:10.1186/1752-1947-4-330
921:portal vein obstruction
872:marrow infiltration by
2788:human digestive system
1232:influenza vaccinations
1215:Haemophilus influenzae
1139:lipid storage diseases
1085:
1066:eosinophilic granuloma
754:bacterial endocarditis
262:
3074:Obstructed defecation
2688:Congenital lymphedema
2190:10.1007/s002770000223
1964:Peromyscus gossypinus
1431:Florian Lang (2009).
1397:Neetu Radhakrishnan.
1083:
1071:littoral cell angioma
985:mucopolysaccharidoses
818:, including cases of
256:
3336:Aure-Rozanova's sign
3295:Hannington-Kiff sign
3290:Howship–Romberg sign
3248:Aortic insufficiency
3150:Abdominal distension
2725:Factitial lymphedema
2715:Secondary lymphedema
1474:10.1259/bjr/31542964
1165:rheumatoid arthritis
1149:immunologic activity
1147:, by an increase in
971:Niemann–Pick disease
926:Budd–Chiari syndrome
816:rheumatoid arthritis
683:Abnormal blood flow
665:Cuterebra fontinella
595:physical examination
579:due to accompanying
539:external examination
409:10.2 – 14.4 cm
233:and infiltration by
2901:Chilaiditi syndrome
2627:Castleman's disease
1723:2018PLoSO..1302741P
1346:Ghazi, Ali (2010).
1274:Portal hypertension
1124:portal hypertension
680:Increased function
676:
648:portal hypertension
399:9.7 – 14.3 cm
389:9.3 – 13.6 cm
379:9.3 – 13.4 cm
369:8.6 – 13.4 cm
358:8.6 – 13.1 cm
347:8.5 – 12.5 cm
336:8.9 - 11.3 cm
300:
293:confidence interval
231:portal hypertension
3407:Diseases of spleen
3268:Grey Turner's sign
3198:Hepatosplenomegaly
3127:Abdominal guarding
3059:Fecal occult blood
3050:Fecal incontinence
3021:Mirizzi's syndrome
2931:Sherren's triangle
2784:Signs and symptoms
2720:Bullous lymphedema
2693:Lymphedema praecox
2683:Primary lymphedema
2594:Splenic infarction
2417:External resources
2298:The New York Times
2263:(3): 569–580.e15.
1289:Splenic infarction
1284:Splenic aspiration
1269:Hepatosplenomegaly
1086:
976:alpha-mannosidosis
960:Metabolic diseases
728:Immune hyperplasia
721:sickle cell anemia
709:hemoglobinopathies
674:
560:Signs and symptoms
366:8.1 – 12.3 cm
355:8.3 – 13.0 cm
344:7.5 – 11.9 cm
333:7.4 - 12.2 cm
290:
263:
160:in a patient with
3394:
3393:
3366:Fothergill's sign
3356:Rosenstein's sign
3276:
3275:
3231:Mallet-Guy's sign
3170:Shifting dullness
2991:Courvoisier's law
2750:
2749:
2660:Lymphatic vessels
2520:DiGeorge syndrome
2488:Lymphatic disease
2454:
2453:
1832:(24 April 2014),
1135:myeloid neoplasms
1078:
1077:
1033:tumors (commonly
882:marrow damage by
516:
515:
413:
412:
404:195 – 199 cm
394:190 – 194 cm
384:185 – 189 cm
374:180 – 184 cm
363:175 – 179 cm
352:170 – 174 cm
341:165 – 169 cm
330:160 – 164 cm
320:155 – 159 cm
219:hemolytic anemias
184:
183:
137:Medical condition
135:
134:
111:
16:(Redirected from
3419:
3097:
3084:Rectal discharge
3000:Reynolds' pentad
2939:Radiologic signs
2926:McBurney's point
2800:Gastrointestinal
2786:relating to the
2777:
2770:
2763:
2754:
2742:Waldmann disease
2708:Milroy's disease
2698:Lymphedema tarda
2673:Lymphangiectasia
2587:Banti's syndrome
2577:Wandering spleen
2567:Accessory spleen
2537:Thymic carcinoma
2481:
2474:
2467:
2458:
2336:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2272:
2247:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2156:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2030:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1892:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1826:
1817:
1813:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1744:
1734:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1557:
1548:
1547:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1493:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1424:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1377:
1367:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1313:
1245:As an adaptation
820:Felty's syndrome
677:
415:
323:6.4 – 12 cm
301:
152:
140:
130:
129:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
38:
37:
30:
21:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3390:
3351:Lockwood's sign
3299:
3272:
3243:Ballance's sign
3214:
3181:
3175:Fluid wave test
3138:
3132:Blumberg's sign
3088:
3064:Rectal tenesmus
3031:
2971:Councilman body
2953:
2896:Goodsall's rule
2884:Hypersalivation
2801:
2794:
2781:
2751:
2746:
2654:
2637:Kikuchi disease
2617:Lymphadenopathy
2603:
2541:
2491:
2485:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2412:
2411:
2347:
2331:at patient.info
2325:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2249:
2248:
2241:
2231:
2229:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2015:Clin Infect Dis
2008:
2007:
2003:
1980:10.2307/3283977
1957:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1895:
1858:
1849:
1847:
1843:ABIM Foundation
1839:Choosing Wisely
1828:
1827:
1820:
1796:(18): 2218–21.
1787:
1786:
1782:
1773:
1771:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1717:(8): e0202741.
1704:
1703:
1699:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1468:(1009): 81–92.
1455:
1454:
1450:
1443:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1407:
1405:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1330:
1315:
1314:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1279:Sign (medicine)
1259:
1247:
1198:
1190:
1151:and subsequent
1116:
1114:Pathophysiology
1041:histiocytosis X
995:Tangier disease
981:Hurler syndrome
966:Gaucher disease
946:schistosomiasis
799:trypanosomiasis
748:viral hepatitis
632:
562:
531:reference range
509:
504:
251:
227:red blood cells
179:General surgery
138:
131:
127:
122:
116:
113:
70:
59:
55:primary sources
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3425:
3423:
3415:
3414:
3409:
3399:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3386:Blumer's shelf
3383:
3378:
3376:Massouh's sign
3373:
3371:Carnett's sign
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3326:Hamburger sign
3323:
3321:Rovsing's sign
3318:
3316:Obturator sign
3313:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3286:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3253:Castell's sign
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3222:
3220:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3195:
3193:Abdominal mass
3189:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3107:Abdominal pain
3103:
3101:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3013:
3002:
2993:
2988:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2944:Hampton's line
2934:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2796:
2795:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2757:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2551:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2527:Ectopic thymus
2524:
2523:
2522:
2512:
2507:
2501:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2461:
2452:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2433:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2398:
2387:
2368:
2348:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:Classification
2333:
2332:
2324:
2323:External links
2321:
2319:
2318:
2284:
2239:
2211:
2168:
2127:
2092:
2077:
2042:
2028:10.1086/379613
2021:(11): e170–3.
2001:
1974:(5): 787–790.
1950:
1943:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1893:
1855:, which cites
1818:
1815:Ovid full text
1780:
1756:
1697:
1662:(3): 182–187.
1646:
1611:(4): 368–372.
1595:
1568:(1): 119–121.
1549:
1522:(1): 306–313.
1505:
1448:
1441:
1419:
1399:"Splenomegaly"
1389:
1338:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1246:
1243:
1197:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1168:
1142:
1127:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1052:
1043:
1038:
1028:
1023:
1012:
998:
997:
992:
987:
978:
973:
968:
956:
955:
954:
952:echinococcosis
948:
934:
933:
928:
923:
918:
905:
904:
892:
891:
890:
880:
870:
857:
856:
855:drug reactions
853:
848:
842:
837:
832:
830:serum sickness
827:
822:
807:
806:
801:
788:
786:histoplasmosis
783:
770:
760:
750:
724:
723:
717:
711:
706:
701:
688:
687:
684:
681:
631:
628:
605:percussion or
603:Traube's space
599:Castell's sign
591:abdominal mass
569:abdominal pain
561:
558:
514:
513:
512:
511:
506:
499:
495:
494:
491:
487:
486:
483:
479:
478:
475:
471:
470:
467:
463:
462:
459:
455:
454:
451:
447:
446:
443:
439:
438:
435:
431:
430:
427:
423:
422:
419:
411:
410:
407:
405:
401:
400:
397:
395:
391:
390:
387:
385:
381:
380:
377:
375:
371:
370:
367:
364:
360:
359:
356:
353:
349:
348:
345:
342:
338:
337:
334:
331:
327:
326:
324:
321:
317:
316:
313:
309:
308:
307:Spleen length
305:
281:
280:
277:
274:
250:
247:
182:
181:
176:
170:
169:
154:
153:
145:
144:
136:
133:
132:
125:
123:
76:"Splenomegaly"
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3424:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3341:Dunphy's sign
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3331:Heel tap sign
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3263:Cullen's sign
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3112:Acute abdomen
3110:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3016:LĂ©pine's sign
3014:
3012:
3011:Murphy's sign
3008:
3007:
3006:cholecystitis
3003:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2921:Markle's sign
2919:
2917:
2916:Arapov's sign
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2857:oropharyngeal
2855:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2773:
2771:
2766:
2764:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2649:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2599:Splenic tumor
2597:
2595:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2482:
2477:
2475:
2470:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2446:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2337:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2288:
2285:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2215:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2172:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2147:(10): 772–3.
2146:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2108:(5): 317–20.
2107:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2058:(6): 656–60.
2057:
2053:
2046:
2043:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1944:0-7817-5641-3
1940:
1936:
1929:
1926:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1867:(4): 309–15.
1866:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1781:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1599:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1449:
1444:
1442:9783540671367
1438:
1434:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1339:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1227:Meningococcus
1223:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1195:
1193:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1098:myelofibrosis
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:non-Hodgkin's
1017:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1003:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
963:
962:
961:
957:
953:
949:
947:
943:
942:
941:
940:
939:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
912:
911:
910:
903:
900:
899:
898:
897:
896:Organ Failure
893:
889:
885:
881:
879:
875:
871:
869:
868:myelofibrosis
866:
865:
864:
863:
862:
854:
852:
849:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
817:
814:
813:
812:
811:
805:
802:
800:
796:
795:leishmaniasis
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
778:
777:leptospirosis
774:
771:
769:
768:typhoid fever
765:
761:
759:
755:
751:
749:
745:
741:
740:mononucleosis
738:
737:
736:
735:
731:
730:
729:
722:
718:
716:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
699:spherocytosis
697:
696:
695:
694:
690:
686:Infiltration
685:
682:
679:
678:
672:
669:
667:
666:
661:
657:
653:
652:liver disease
649:
645:
642:cells from a
641:
637:
629:
627:
624:
620:
615:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
559:
557:
555:
551:
547:
542:
540:
534:
532:
528:
523:
521:
520:coronal plane
507:
502:
501:
500:
497:
496:
493:11.5 cm
492:
489:
488:
485:11.0 cm
484:
481:
480:
477:10.0 cm
476:
473:
472:
468:
465:
464:
460:
457:
456:
452:
449:
448:
444:
441:
440:
436:
433:
432:
428:
425:
424:
420:
417:
416:
408:
406:
403:
402:
398:
396:
393:
392:
388:
386:
383:
382:
378:
376:
373:
372:
368:
365:
362:
361:
357:
354:
351:
350:
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288:
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260:
255:
248:
246:
244:
243:caput medusae
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
199:hypersplenism
196:
195:human abdomen
192:
188:
180:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
146:
141:
124:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
67:
63:
57:
56:
52:
48:
43:This article
41:
32:
31:
19:
18:Hypersplenism
3346:Alder's sign
3208:Splenomegaly
3207:
3203:Hepatomegaly
3069:Constipation
3004:
2982:
2976:Mallory body
2964:
2949:Klemm's sign
2937:
2911:Aaron's sign
2906:Dance's sign
2835:Trichophagia
2668:Lymphangitis
2582:Splenomegaly
2581:
2435:
2424:
2400:
2389:
2370:
2351:
2309:. Retrieved
2297:
2287:
2260:
2256:
2230:. Retrieved
2224:
2214:
2181:
2177:
2171:
2144:
2141:N Engl J Med
2140:
2130:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2086:
2080:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2018:
2014:
2004:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1934:
1928:
1901:
1897:
1864:
1860:
1848:, retrieved
1837:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1772:. Retrieved
1768:
1759:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1565:
1561:
1519:
1515:
1508:
1465:
1461:
1451:
1432:
1422:
1415:
1408:February 16,
1406:. Retrieved
1402:
1392:
1358:(334): 330.
1355:
1351:
1341:
1331:, retrieved
1319:Splenomegaly
1318:
1248:
1236:prophylactic
1234:. Long-term
1225:
1219:
1213:
1207:
1199:
1191:
1184:
1157:endocarditis
1117:
1087:
1050:lymphangioma
1001:
1000:
999:
959:
958:
937:
936:
935:
908:
907:
906:
895:
894:
860:
859:
858:
809:
808:
804:ehrlichiosis
781:tuberculosis
756:, bacterial
733:
732:
727:
726:
725:
713:nutritional
692:
691:
670:
663:
660:endocarditis
633:
617:In cases of
616:
607:Nixon's sign
585:
567:may include
563:
543:
535:
524:
517:
508:13.0 cm
503:12.0 cm
469:9.5 cm
453:8.0 cm
445:7.0 cm
437:6.5 cm
429:6.0 cm
282:
264:
207:erythrocytes
203:granulocytes
198:
187:Splenomegaly
186:
185:
143:Splenomegaly
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
51:verification
44:
3361:Cupola sign
3258:Kehr's sign
3238:Puddle sign
2869:Odynophagia
2572:Polysplenia
2510:Hyperplasia
2426:MedlinePlus
2184:(1): 45–8.
2178:Ann Hematol
2052:South Med J
1904:(1): 45–9.
1769:Rad At Hand
1239:antibiotics
1202:splenectomy
1161:sarcoidosis
1153:hyperplasia
1014:lymphomas (
990:amyloidosis
851:sarcoidosis
773:brucellosis
704:thalassemia
267:radiography
215:splenectomy
45:needs more
3401:Categories
3311:Psoas sign
3143:Distension
3122:Baby colic
3054:encopresis
3045:Flatulence
3037:Defecation
3027:Nardi test
2986:Boas' sign
2879:Xerostomia
2874:Bad breath
2862:esophageal
2840:Pagophagia
2825:Aerophagia
2678:Lymphedema
2609:Lymph node
2515:Hypoplasia
2402:DiseasesDB
1774:2024-07-15
1333:2019-02-26
1301:References
1251:Sama-Bajau
1210:vaccinated
1171:Neoplastic
1131:metastases
1061:hamartomas
1046:hemangioma
1031:metastatic
983:and other
938:Infections
611:ultrasound
556:findings.
249:Definition
117:April 2022
87:newspapers
2958:Accessory
2852:Dysphagia
2845:Geophagia
2820:Heartburn
2437:eMedicine
2306:0362-4331
1676:0195-7910
1625:0195-7910
1582:0361-803X
1536:0033-8419
1516:Radiology
1482:0007-1285
1427:Page 1964
1196:Treatment
1188:Diagnosis
1009:leukemias
902:cirrhosis
884:radiation
878:leukemias
752:subacute
609:, but an
597:by using
581:cytopenia
573:pleuritic
505:for girls
498:15 years
442:12 months
239:lymphomas
235:leukemias
211:platelets
174:Specialty
3226:Jaundice
3155:Bloating
3079:Diarrhea
2983:biliary:
2815:Vomiting
2555:Asplenia
2445:med/2156
2442:ped/2139
2311:23 April
2279:29677510
2232:20 April
2206:29326931
2198:11233776
2163:11547761
2122:16999722
2037:14614691
1918:15615949
1889:23780443
1881:18614881
1751:30138410
1711:PLOS ONE
1692:25319215
1684:26108038
1641:32174574
1633:22182984
1544:26509293
1500:22096219
1403:Medscape
1384:20959010
1328:28613657
1264:Asplenia
1257:See also
1212:against
1179:lymphoma
1175:neoplasm
1054:splenic
1035:melanoma
1016:Hodgkins
950:hepatic
944:hepatic
909:Vascular
762:splenic
656:syphilis
565:Symptoms
510:for boys
490:12 years
482:10 years
434:6 months
426:3 months
283:Also, a
3165:Tympany
3160:Ascites
3093:Abdomen
2889:Burping
2792:abdomen
2642:Tonsils
2532:Thymoma
2505:Abscess
2396:D013163
2226:Reuters
2072:9191748
1996:7472877
1988:3283977
1850:29 July
1810:8411607
1742:6107197
1719:Bibcode
1590:2048509
1491:3473934
1375:2974746
1177:(e.g.,
1155:(e.g.,
1103:malaria
791:malaria
764:abscess
715:anemias
527:autopsy
474:8 years
466:6 years
458:4 years
450:2 years
421:Cutoff
223:disease
158:CT scan
101:scholar
66:removed
3282:Hernia
3186:Masses
2810:Nausea
2547:Spleen
2497:Thymus
2431:003276
2304:
2277:
2204:
2196:
2161:
2120:
2070:
2035:
1994:
1986:
1941:
1916:
1887:
1879:
1808:
1749:
1739:
1690:
1682:
1674:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1588:
1580:
1542:
1534:
1498:
1488:
1480:
1439:
1416:et al.
1382:
1372:
1326:
1224:, and
1145:Immune
888:toxins
874:tumors
758:sepsis
719:early
640:cancer
630:Causes
577:anemia
552:, and
304:Height
285:cutoff
191:spleen
166:spleen
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
3304:Other
3219:Other
3117:Colic
2966:liver
2802:tract
2407:12375
2385:789.2
2381:759.0
2366:R16.1
2362:Q89.0
2202:S2CID
1984:JSTOR
1885:S2CID
1688:S2CID
1637:S2CID
1056:cysts
587:Signs
312:Women
108:JSTOR
94:books
3100:Pain
3052:and
2830:Pica
2646:see
2391:MeSH
2376:9-CM
2313:2018
2302:ISSN
2275:PMID
2257:Cell
2234:2018
2194:PMID
2159:PMID
2118:PMID
2068:PMID
2033:PMID
1992:PMID
1939:ISBN
1914:PMID
1877:PMID
1852:2014
1806:PMID
1790:JAMA
1747:PMID
1680:PMID
1672:ISSN
1629:PMID
1621:ISSN
1586:PMID
1578:ISSN
1540:PMID
1532:ISSN
1496:PMID
1478:ISSN
1437:ISBN
1429:in:
1410:2018
1380:PMID
1324:PMID
1018:and
744:AIDS
646:and
461:9.0
315:Men
291:90%
269:is:
237:and
80:news
49:for
2790:or
2372:ICD
2353:ICD
2265:doi
2261:173
2186:doi
2149:doi
2145:345
2110:doi
2060:doi
2023:doi
1976:doi
1906:doi
1902:184
1869:doi
1798:doi
1794:270
1737:PMC
1727:doi
1664:doi
1613:doi
1570:doi
1566:157
1524:doi
1520:279
1486:PMC
1470:doi
1370:PMC
1360:doi
554:MRI
525:At
418:Age
209:or
3403::
2440::
2429::
2405::
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2054:.
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2013:.
1990:.
1982:.
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1821:^
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550:US
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546:CT
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