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390:) and other nearly phonemically spelled languages, writers can in principle correctly syllabify any existing or newly created word using only general rules. In Finland, children are first taught to hyphenate every word until they produce the correct syllabification reliably, after which the hyphens can be omitted.
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As a result, even most native
English speakers are unable to syllabify words according to established rules without consulting a dictionary or using a word processor. Schools usually do not provide much more advice on the topic than to consult a dictionary. In addition, there are differences between
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At the end of a line, a word is separated in writing into parts, conventionally called "syllables", if it does not fit the line and if moving it to the next line would make the first line much shorter than the others. This can be a particular problem with very long words, and with narrow columns in
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In some languages, the spoken syllables are also the basis of syllabification in writing. However, possibly due to the weak correspondence between sounds and letters in the spelling of modern
English, written syllabification in English is based mostly on
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is a set of rules, especially one codified for implementation in a computer program, that decides at which points a word can be broken over two lines with a hyphen. For example, a hyphenation algorithm might decide that
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English written syllabification therefore deals with a concept of "syllable" that does not correspond to the linguistic concept of a phonological (as opposed to morphological) unit.
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by Donald Knuth and in
Franklin Mark Liang's dissertation. The aim of Liang's work was to get the algorithm as accurate as possible and to keep exceptions to a minimum.
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declares that in the current job "fortran" should not be hyphenated and that if "ergonomic" must be hyphenated, it will be at one of the indicated points.
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command declares allowed hyphenation points in which words is a list of words, separated by spaces, in which each hyphenation point is indicated by a
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tends to look to the origins of the word and then to sound. There are also a large number of exceptions, which further complicates matters.
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One of the reasons for the complexity of the rules of word-breaking is that different dialects of
English tend to differ on hyphenation:
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Ports of the TeX hyphenation algorithm are available as libraries for several programming languages, including
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letters by default and so it cannot be used to correct hyphenation for words with non-ASCII characters (like
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character U+00B7, e.g., syl·la·ble), a special-purpose "hyphenation point" (U+2027, e.g., syl‧la‧ble), or a
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Some rules of thumb can be found in the Major Keary's "On
Hyphenation – Anarchy of Pedantry." Among the
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In TeX's original hyphenation patterns for
American English, the exception list contains only 14 words.
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This article is about the division of words to break lines. For the syllable structure of words, see
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British and US syllabification and even between dictionaries of the same
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The term is also used for the process of a consonant becoming syllabic. For example, in
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is widely used. It is thoroughly documented in the first two volumes of
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Is there any perfect syllabification algorithm in
English language?
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The written separation into syllables is usually marked by a
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Baus, C.; Gutiérrez, E.; Carreiras, M. (13 November 2014).
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However, there are several limits. For example, the stock
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615:"The role of syllables in sign language production"
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78:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
41:. For the international relations concept, see
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740:. Yale Image Processing and Analysis Group.
409:(more unsolved problems in computer science)
811:: Hyphenates French words with explanation
664:. Melbourne PC User Group. Archived from
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138:Learn how and when to remove this message
809:Hyphenation tool for the French Language
805:: Hyphenates English text into syllables
693:(PhD). Department of Computer Science,
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581:Syllable structure in English phonology
788:from the original on 27 November 2023.
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658:"On Hyphenation - Anarchy of Pedantry"
289:(e.g., ). For presentation purposes,
269:, whether spoken, written or signed.
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687:Liang, Franklin Mark (August 1983).
400:Unsolved problem in computer science
76:adding citations to reliable sources
778:"How does hyphenation work in TeX?"
27:Separation of a word into syllables
756:"Accented words aren't hyphenated"
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530:\hyphenation{fortran er-go-no-mic}
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63:needs additional citations for
32:Syllable § Syllabification
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619:Frontiers in Psychology
455:TeX typesetting system
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350:many different values
18:Hyphenation algorithm
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695:Stanford University
516:\hyphenation{words}
283:English orthography
697:. STAN-CS-83-977.
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293:may use an
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488:PostScript
480:JavaScript
372:Portuguese
295:interpunct
98:newspapers
672:6 October
662:PC Update
394:Algorithm
388:Romanized
348:can hold
335:lear-ning
267:syllables
819:Category
786:Archived
764:Archived
742:Archived
625:: 1254.
560:See also
431:but not
376:Japanese
331:phonetic
273:Overview
782:TeX FAQ
760:TeX FAQ
717:23 June
642:4230165
476:Haskell
368:Italian
364:Finnish
343:digraph
299:Unicode
112:scholar
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577:phones
492:Python
470:In TeX
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380:Romaji
279:hyphen
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39:Hyphen
712:(PDF)
587:Notes
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511:LaTeX
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496:Ruby
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