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The map's printing in Venice helps to highlight aspects of
Ottoman-Venetian relations. In the minds of Venetian publishers, it would be “a promising venture to produce a world-map for sale in the Muslim world”, and so the production of world maps was financially rewarding for European publishers.
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The map has specific
European characteristics, in that it includes the use of Western terms, suggesting Ahmet translated an older map into Turkish. In fact, throughout the map’s accompanying text, Ahmet emphasizes translation, stating that he “translated it from the language and alphabet of the
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Known as the "Mappamondo Hacı Ahmet", the map outlines legends and place-names in
Turkish, and it may be the first map in Turkish ever published for sale to an Ottoman audience. Whether the map is original, or was simply a translation into Turkish, it helps show how the people of the
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were interested in maps of the world and had looked to Venice for their production. This resulted in the development of
Ottoman-Venetian relations, which offered "new interpretations of Venetian attitudes to the production of world maps for Ottoman clients".
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perceived themselves in relation to the wider world. Three small spheres appear below the main map at the bottom of the page - the central graphic represents Earth and a number of satellite planets, while the left and right depict constellations.
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of the world. Hacı Ahmet appended a commentary to the map, outlining his own life and an explanation for the creation of the map. But it is not clear whether Ahmet created the map, or whether he simply translated it into
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Europeans into that of the
Muslims”. A further argument made against Ahmet's authorship is that the “heart-shaped form of the map had already been used by earlier European cartographers”.
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Kemâliyle nakş olunmuş cümle cihan numûnesi, Una mappa completa e perfetta che descrive il mondo intero, Venezia 1559 incisione degli stampi di legno, Venezia 1795 stampa xilografica
224:", says Ahmet in the text, which briefly describes his origins, saying that he was captured from the infidels and described how, in creating the map, he would regain his liberty.
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The map is heart shaped, otherwise known as a "cordiform projection," a style that was popular in sixteenth century Europe, and the extant copy was printed from wooden blocks in
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Within the accompanying text of the map, Hacı Ahmet explains that the map was created to share knowledge of the shape of the world, especially of the
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According to the story, Ahmet was educated in Fez, and when a
European nobleman purchased him, he was able to continue to practice his
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Arbel, B. (2002). "Maps of the world for ottoman princes? Further evidence and questions concerning the mappamondo of Hajji Ahmed'".
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Casale, Giancarlo (2013). "Seeing the Past: Maps and
Ottoman Historical Consciousness". In Cipa, H. Erdem; Fetvaci, Emine (eds.).
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Maps in the
Turkish language were in demand by the Ottoman Empire, and maps were translated into Turkish to satisfy that market.
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Hacı Ahmet's Map of the World: A complete and perfect map describing the whole world (translated from the
Turkish Title) - 1559
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Nothing is known of Hacı Ahmet himself, other than his own account of his life recorded in the map text.
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Arbel, Benjamin (1997). "Trading
Nations: Jews and Venetians in the Early Modern Easter Mediterranean".
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Casale, Giancarlo (2005). "Two Examples of Ottoman Discovery Literature from the mid-Sixteenth Century".
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180:(1485-1557). It has also been argued that it shares similarities with a map by the French cartographer
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The map is "heart-shaped" and is constructed by a cordioform projection developed by 16th century
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The map is considered unlikely to be original, and was probably translated into Turkish by Ahmet.
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Hacı Ahmet appended a lengthy commentary to a 16th-century map of the world annotated in the
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Ahmet claimed the map was made for Ottoman princes, and some of the sons of
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Fabri, A (1993). "The Ottoman Mappa Mundi of Hacı Ahmet of Tunis".
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Ménage, V. L. (1958). "'The Map of Hajji Ahmed' and its Makers".
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Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
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The map has been tentatively linked to several other
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