909:, and performance tests. They also authorize European and world shows and compile an annual list of Haflinger experts, or adjudicators. The WHF is the international umbrella organization, with 21 member organizations in 22 countries. Membership organizations include the Haflinger Horse Society of Australia, the Australian Haflinger Horse Breeders Association, the Canadian Haflinger Association, the Haflinger Pferdezuchtverband Tirol (Tyrolean Haflinger Breeding Association), the Italian Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Cavalli di Razza Haflinger Italia and the American Haflinger Registry, as well as a division for breeders in countries that are not already members. National organizations are allowed to become members of the WHF through agreeing to promote pure breeding and maintain the hereditary characteristics of the Haflinger breed. Member organizations must maintain both a purebred studbook and a separate part-bred studbook for animals with Arabian or other bloodlines.
747:, with horses from East and West Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Switzerland and Austria participating. Haflingers were first exported to Belgium in 1966, to Bhutan in 1968, and to Poland, Hungary and Albania in subsequent years. The importations to Bhutan encouraged interest in the breed in other parts of Asia. In 1974, the first Haflinger was imported to Australia. The first Canadian Haflinger was registered with the United States breed association in 1977, and a Canadian registry was formed in 1980. Between 1970 and 1975, Haflingers were also imported into Luxemburg, Denmark, Thailand, Colombia, Brazil, southwest Africa, Sweden and Ireland. They have also been imported into Japan. Haflingers maintained a population on every populated continent by the end of the 1970s. Worldwide breeding continued through the 1980s and 1990s, and population numbers increased steadily.
540:, but foals of these stallions lacked many key Haflinger traits and breeding to these sires was discontinued. After the birth of Folie in 1874, several Austrian noblemen became interested in the breed and petitioned the government for support and direction of organized breeding procedures. It was 1899 before the Austrian government responded, deciding to support breeding programs through establishment of subsidies; high-quality Haflinger fillies were among those chosen for the government-subsidized breeding program. Since then the best Haflinger fillies and colts have been chosen and selectively bred to maintain the breed's quality. Horses not considered to meet quality standards were used by the army as pack animals. By the end of the 19th century Haflingers were common in both
941:, height, temperament and color. Mares must have a fully registered purebred pedigree extending six generations back to be considered for stud-book acceptance. Stallions are registered separately. Colts must have a dam with a fully purebred pedigree, and are inspected based on hereditary reliability and likely breeding strength, as well as the other qualifications. Each stallion's registration certification must show a fully purebred pedigree extending back four generations, and records of mares covered, percentages of pregnancies aborted, still-born and live-born, and numbers and genders of foals born. This information is used to match stallions and mares for breeding. Tyrolean colts undergo an initial assessment, and those not chosen must be either
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580:, South Tyrol (including Hafling) was ceded to Italy, while North Tyrol remained in Austria. This split was extremely detrimental to the Haflinger breed, as most of the brood mares were in South Tyrol in what was now Italy, while the high-quality breeding stallions had been kept at studs in North Tyrol and so were still in Austria. Little effort at cooperation was made between breeders in North and South Tyrol, and in the 1920s a new Horse Breeders' Commission was established in
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925:, and multiple forms are needed to prove covering and birth of a purebred Haflinger foal. Within six months of birth, foals are inspected, and those considered to have potential as breeding stock are given certificates of pedigree and branded. Horses are reinspected at three years old, checked against written association standards, and if they pass, are then entered into the studbook. After their final inspection, Haflingers from Austria and Italy are
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stallions had been saved and breeders could privately own stallions. Bavarian and
Tyrolean breeders maintained close ties and cooperated extensively. North Tyrolean breeders were also able to acquire several high-quality older stallions and lower-quality young stallions from South Tyrol. In 1947, the Federation of Austrian Haflinger Breeders was established as a governing organization for the provincial associations. At this time a large-scale
629:, and in 1922, the first Haflinger Breeders' Show was held in the same location. Many extant Austrian Haflinger mares were considered to be of too low quality to be used as brood mares, and every effort was made to import higher-quality brood mares from the South Tyrol herds now in Italy. In 1926, the first studbook was established in North Tyrol. In the late 1920s, other cooperatives were established for Haflinger breeders in
637:, and were able to gain government permission to purchase 100 Haflinger mares from South Tyrol and split them between North Tyrol, Upper Austria and Styria. This single transaction represented one third of all registered mares in South Tyrol, and many others were sold through private treaty, leaving the two regions comparable in terms of breeding-stock populations. In 1931, another breeders' cooperative was established in
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696:, but they were subsequently stolen and never seen again. In other areas of Tyrol, all one- to three-year-old colts had been requisitioned by military breeding centers, and therefore it was necessary to treat colts not even a year old as potential breeding stallions. In the years after World War II, some observers feared that the breed was dying out because of indiscriminate crossing with other breeds.
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characteristics. Haflinger breeding had to change to create a horse that better fit modern trends toward recreational use. Around this time, all small breed cooperatives were combined into the
Haflinger Breeders' Association of Tyrol. Post-World War II Tyrol, including the breeding center at Zams, was under the control of American forces, who slaughtered many horses to provide
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1990s aiming to increase height, some breed lines became favored over others in Italy. A 2007 study found little inbreeding within the
Italian Haflinger population as a whole, although certain less popular lines had a higher incidence due to the existence of fewer breeding stallions. Haflingers are bred throughout France, especially in the provinces of
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and balanced. Some knee action is seen, and the canter has a very distinct motion forwards and upwards. One important consideration in breeding during the second half of the 20th century was temperament. A requirement for a quiet, kind nature has become part of official breed standards and is checked
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A strict system of inspection, started in
Austria, has evolved to ensure that only good-quality stock meeting high standards are used for breeding. This is coupled with close maintenance of the studbook to maintain inspection validity. Mares must be inspected and registered with the stud book before
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of the late 1920s and early 1930s dampened horse prices and had an unfavorable effect on
Haflinger breeding, but from 1938 onwards markets improved as a result of the buildup for World War II. All crossbred horses and colts not of breeding quality could be sold to the army, and higher subsidies were
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with brood mares from North and South Tyrol, and several private stud farms were established elsewhere in the country. The combination of a high demand for pack horses and variable amounts of breed knowledge of the purchasers led to the purchase of both high- and low-quality horses, which had mixed
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or sold out of the
Tyrolean breeding area. The chosen colts are reassessed every six months until a final inspection at the age of three, when the best stallions are chosen for Tyrolean breeding, after which they are purchased by the Austrian Ministry of Agriculture and made available for breeding
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competed with a driving team of four
Haflingers. Several national shows for Haflingers are held, including those in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States. Despite the Austrian prohibitions against crossbreeding, other countries have practiced this to some extent. Good-quality animals have
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work. The
Haflinger was originally developed to work in the mountainous regions of its native land, where it was used as a packhorse and for forestry and agricultural work. In the late 20th century Haflingers were used by the Indian Army in an attempt to breed pack animals for mountainous terrain,
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horses were exported to
Germany, reducing the resources available for Haflinger breeding programs. Through well-planned marketing campaigns, the Haflinger became the dominant small-horse breed in the region. In 1954, Yugoslavia and Italy purchased breeding stock from North Tyrol to establish their
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was held, attended by visitors from
Switzerland, who soon after their return home sent a purchasing commission to Austria and were instrumental in founding the Haflinger population in Switzerland. Southern Tyrol had no difficulty in selling its horses, as all of Italy was in the market to purchase
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was created. Interest in the breed increased in other countries, and between 1950 and 1974, the population grew, even while the overall European horse population decreased. Population numbers continued to increase steadily, and as of 2005, almost 250,000 Haflingers existed worldwide. Breeding
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exist in many countries to provide accurate documentation of Haflinger pedigrees and ownership, and to promote the Haflinger breed. Most are linked to each other through membership in the World Haflinger Federation (WHF), established in 1976. The WHF establishes international breeding guidelines,
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Bolzano and Willi were great-great grandsons of Folie, while the rest were great-great-great grandsons. Especially in the early years of the breed's history, some inbreeding occurred, both by accident and design, which served to reinforce the breed's dominant characteristics. During the 1980s and
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own the stallions and carefully maintain the quality of the breed. However, breeding farms are located in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, and England. As of 2007, Italian Haflingers had the largest population of any breed in that country. Due to selective breeding during the
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Between 1950 and 1974, even as the overall European equine population was dropping due to increased mechanization, the Haflinger population was increasing. In that time period, the population of registered Haflinger brood mares rose from 1,562 to 2,043. This was mainly a result of the increased
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are given a name beginning with a letter of the alphabet designated to be used for that year; and Italy, where colts' names must begin with the letter or letters designating the stallion line, while fillies' names begin with the letter designated for a given year. The seven stallion lines are:
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After World War II, Haflinger breeding programs almost collapsed as the military stopped buying horses and government-run breeding centers were closed. Breeders continued to emphasize those features necessary for pack horses (the largest use by the military), but neglected other key Haflinger
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after World War I, the Haflinger might well not exist in Austria today. Despite these stallions, the Haflinger breeding programs were not on solid footing in Austria, with governmental focus on other Austrian breeds and private breeding programs not large enough to influence national breeding
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upon her official visit to Austria, and in 1970, the Haflinger Society of Great Britain was established. The first Haflinger was exported to France in 1964, and they continued to be transferred to that country until 1975, when the breeding population became stable. Between 1980 and 2000, the
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with no new blood being introduced. The Tyrolean Haflinger Breeders' Association established its own stallion center and prohibited private breeders from keeping stallions, thus ensuring that the association maintained 100 percent control of breeding stallions. In Bavaria, several young
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N-line. Founded by Nibbio, born 1920. Early in its history, the Nibbio line split into two branches, one in Italy and one in Austria. The N-line is populous, with the greatest number of stallions at stud. It is one of two (the other being the A-line) with a presence in all Haflinger breeding
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members, Haflingers provide a large percentage of national production. Most are either bred specifically for meat production and slaughtered between the ages of 10 and 18 months, or as a result of health problems, or age. The Haflinger also produces the majority of the
884:. British enthusiasts maintain a partbred registry for Haflinger crosses. In Germany, horses that are 75 percent Haflinger and 25 percent Arabian are popular and are called Arabo-Haflingers. In Italy, where horse meat consumption is at the highest among all
295:(54 and 60 inches, 137 and 152 cm). Breeders are discouraged from breeding horses under the minimum size, but taller individuals may pass inspection if they otherwise meet requirements of the breed registry. The breed has a refined head and light
259:. They are also still used by the Austrian and German armies for work in rough terrain. The World Haflinger Federation, the international governing body that controls breed standards for the Haflinger, is made up of a confederation of 22 national
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recognizes both an "Avelignese" and an "Avelignese Tradizionale" as existing in Italy, although, as of 2007, only 13 of the latter existed, including only one breeding stallion. However, all breed organizations recognize and register only one type.
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B-line. Founded by Bolzano, born 1915. Bolzano's less common line, although strong in Austria, is not prevalent elsewhere. The line is spreading nevertheless; the U.S. and several European countries including Great Britain are establishing Bolzano
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S-line. Founded by Stelvio, born 1923. Stelvio is the least numerous of the lines, threatened with extinction after non-Haflinger blood was introduced in Germany. Currently most populous in Italy, Austrian authorities are working to re-establish
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still uses Haflingers as packhorses in rough terrain. They are used most often in high Alpine terrain, with slopes up to 40% and steps of up to 40 cm (16 in). Around 70 horses are in use, held by the 6th Infantry Brigade and based in
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ST-line. Founded by Student, born 1927. Although the ST-line has a large number of stallions, its geographic spread is limited because of unselective breeding in some countries. Germany and the U.S. hold the most horses of this line outside
377:. Anselmo was brought back to stud at the age of 21, when a lack of stallions after World War II led to concerns that the line would not survive, and produced several stallions now represented in all Haflinger breeding populations worldwide.
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and Noriker breeds. In 1919 and 1920, the remaining stallions were assigned throughout Austria, many to areas that had hosted private breeding farms before the war. In 1921, the North Tyrolean Horse Breeders' Cooperative was formed in
496:. The Arabian influence was strongly reinforced in the modern Haflinger by the introduction of the stallion El Bedavi, imported to Austria in the 19th century. El-Bedavi's half-Arabian great-grandson, El-Bedavi XXII, was bred at the
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were ready purchasers, and the purchasing and breeding continued. Despite some claims that only purebred horses were registered, many well-known Bavarian studs had crossbred maternal lines. During World War II, Haflingers were
485:, a result of the overlapping geographic areas where the two breeds were developed. Whatever its origins, the breed developed in a mountainous climate and was well able to thrive in harsh conditions with minimal maintenance.
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differences among the breed lines. Significant differences were found in some characteristics, including height and proportions; these have been used to help achieve breeding objectives, especially in Italy during the 1990s.
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during official inspections. Some sources recognize two types of Haflingers, a shorter, heavier type used for draft work, and a taller, lighter type used for pleasure riding, light driving, and under-saddle competition. The
772:, with between 350 and 400 foals born each year. Slovenia also has a small Haflinger population, with around 307 breeding mares and 30 breeding stallions as of 2008. A 2009 study found that although a very small amount of
798:. The American Haflinger Registry does not allow horses born as a result of cloning to be registered, although as of 2010 other nations' registries have not yet entered a decision on the topic. In January 2012,
1347:. Translated by Krause, Louisa. Collaboration of Haflinger Breeders and Holders of Germany (AGH) (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der HaflingerzĂĽchter und -halter in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland e.V.). Archived from
937:. Horses from Austria and from South Tyrol have the letter "H" in the center of the brand, while horses from all other parts of Italy have the letters "HI". Horses are graded based on conformation, action,
196:, 249 Folie, was born in 1874; by 1904, the first breeders' cooperative was formed. All Haflingers can trace their lineage back to Folie through one of seven bloodlines. World Wars I and II, as well as the
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W-line. Founded by Willi, born 1921. The W-line, threatened by crossbreeding early in its history, maintains a strong presence in the Netherlands, Canada and the U.S., with a smaller population in Austria.
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for hospitals. However, the troops did allow the breeding director to choose 30 stallions to be kept for breeding purposes. Those horses were relocated to the French-occupied Kops Alm high pasture in
200:, had a detrimental effect on the breed, and lower-quality animals were used at times to save the breed from extinction. During World War II, breeders focused on horses that were shorter and more
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competition. The Commission governed the breeding of the Italian population of both the Haflinger and the Noriker horse. In 1921, because of the lack of breeding stallions in Italy, a crossbred
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own Haflinger programs and in 1956 the German Democratic Republic followed suit. The first Haflingers were exported to the United States from Austria in 1958 by Tempel Smith of Tempel Farms in
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results on breed quality. Purchases by Bavarians also resulted in a further depletion of Austrian and Italian stock, already low from the population depletions of both world wars. However, the
532:, and the mountain environment in which most original members of the breed were raised, has resulted in a very fixed physical type and appearance. In the early years of the breed's development
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Sabbioni, Alberto; Beretti, Valentino; Trezzi, Maria Francesca; Superchi, Paola (2007). "Genetic Variability and Population Structure in the Italian Haflinger Horse from Pedigree Analysis".
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throughout the region. The others are either gelded or sold out of the region. Other countries base their registration and selection practices on Tyrolean ones, as is required by the WHF.
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in Italy, which was given governmental authority to inspect state-owned breeding stallions, register privately owned stallions belonging to Commission members, and give prize money for
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through the cooperation of the German agricultural authorities, military authorities and existing stud farms. The first government-run German Haflinger stud farm was established in
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275:, which today is in northern Italy. The breed is also called the Avelignese, from the Italian name for Hafling, which is Avelengo or previously Aveligna. Haflingers are always
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with other breeds and some observers feared the breed was in renewed danger of extinction. However, starting in 1946, breeders focused on producing purebred Haflingers and a
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programs. They are used extensively as dressage horses for children, but are tall and sturdy enough to be suitable riding horses for adults. In the 1970s, British
794:, and was a healthy foal. In 2008, Prometea herself gave birth to the first offspring of an equine clone, a colt named Pegaso sired by a Haflinger stallion through
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by registered stallions, and the resulting progeny were registered, resulting in a degradation of breeding stock. In 1935 and 1936, a breeding program was begun in
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and into Czechoslovakia in 1959. Tyrolean Haflingers were purchased by the Netherlands and Turkey in 1961. In Turkey they were both bred pure and crossed with the
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Lanza, M.; Landi, C.; Scerra, M.; Galofaro, V.; Pennisi, P. (2009). "Meat quality and intramuscular fatty acid composition of Sanfratellano and Haflinger foals".
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World War I resulted in many Haflingers being taken into military service and the interruption of breeding programs. After the war, under the terms of the
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of refined type. All Haflingers today must trace their ancestry to Folie through one of seven stallion lines (A, B, M, N, S, ST, and W) to be considered
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farms are in several countries, although most of the breeding stock still comes from Austria. In 2003, a Haflinger became the first horse to be
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given by the government to Haflinger breeders. However, the demands of the war also meant that many unregistered mares of Haflinger type were
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region) during the late 19th century. Haflinger horses are relatively small, are always chestnut with flaxen mane and tail, have distinctive
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A-line. Founded by Anselmo, born 1926. One of the most prevalent lines today, descendants include the second-largest number of stallions at
180:; several theories for its origin exist. Haflingers, developed for use in mountainous terrain, are known for their hardiness. Their current
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Many have complex or obscure histories, so inclusion here does not necessarily imply that a breed is predominantly or exclusively Italian.
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occurred in the population, it was increasing slightly over the years. As of 2005, almost 250,000 Haflingers remained in the world.
429:. Origins of the breed are uncertain, but two main theories are given. The first is that Haflingers descend from horses abandoned in the
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All Haflingers today trace their lineage through one of seven stallion lines to Folie, the foundation stallion of the breed. Usually,
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1246:[The birth of a foal] (in Italian). Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Cavalli di Razza Haflinger - Italia. Archived from
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in 555 AD. These abandoned horses are believed to have been influenced by Oriental bloodlines and may help explain the
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M-line. Founded by Massimo, born 1927. An Italian stallion, Massimo founded a line that is prevalent in Austria and Italy.
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Although the Haflinger is now found all over the world, the majority of breeding stock still comes from Austria, where
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Haflingers were bred to be versatile enough for many under-saddle disciplines, but still solid enough for draft and
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At conferences in 1946 and 1947, the decision was made to breed Haflinger horses from pure bloodlines, creating a
592:-Arabian stallion was used for the Haflinger breeding program, as well as many lower-quality purebred Haflingers.
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breed. In 1963, the first Haflinger was exported to Great Britain, in 1969 two Haflinger mares were presented to
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in 1282, and was probably the ancestor of the modern Haflinger. The second theory is that they descended from a
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287:. The height of the breed has increased since the end of World War II, when it stood an average of 13.3
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described as energetic but smooth, and are well-muscled yet elegant. The breed traces its ancestry to the
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but the program was unsuccessful because of the Haflinger's inability to withstand the desert heat. The
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population of Haflingers in France tripled. In 1965, the first international Haflinger show was held at
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physical characteristics seen in the Haflinger. A type of light mountain pony was first recorded in the
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are given a name beginning with the first letter of their dam's name. The exceptions are France, where
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is long, slightly sloping, and well-muscled. The legs are clean, with broad, flat knees and powerful
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PotoÄŤnik, Klemen; Gantner, Vesna; Ĺ tepec, Miran; Krsnik, Jurij; Rus, Janez; Gorjanc, Gregor (2009).
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Today, the breed is used in many activities that include draft and pack work, light harness and
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showing clear definition of tendons and ligaments. The Haflinger has rhythmic, ground-covering
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by the military. After the war, breeding emphasis changed to promote refinement and height.
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The breed as it is known today was officially established in the village of Hafling in the
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1048:"Inspection & Classification Breeding Objectives for the American Haflinger Registry"
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of the Tyrol in 1342. It has also been suggested that they descend from the prehistoric
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are given a name beginning with the letter or letters denoting their stallion line, and
208:. The emphasis after the war shifted toward animals of increased refinement and height.
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291:(55 inches, 140 cm). The desired height today is between 13.2 and 15.0
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in color and occur in shades ranging from a light gold to a rich golden chestnut or
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in Austria, and Haflinger breeding spread throughout the entire Tyrolean province.
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are elastic, energetic, and athletic with a natural tendency to be light on the
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practices. During this time, the breed was kept alive through crosses to the
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2136:(in German). Bundesverband Deutscher Stutenmilcherzeuger e.V. Archived from
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A group of Haflinger horses: Note the similarities in color and profile.
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Haflinger Horses: Origins, Breeding and care and Worldwide Distribution
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been produced out of crosses between Haflingers and both Arabians and
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This article is about the breed of horse. For the Haflinger car, see
2323:(7th Revised ed.). New York, NY: Arco Publishing Company, Inc.
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Draft Horses and Mules: Harnessing Equine Power for Farm & Show
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1684:. Australian Haflinger Horse Breeders Association. Archived from
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If not for the presence of Haflinger stallions at a stud farm in
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Collaboration of Haflinger Breeders and Holders of Germany (AGH)
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1935:(in German). Bundesministerium fĂĽr Landesverteidigung und Sport
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are pronounced, the shoulders sloping, and the chest deep. The
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Schweisgut, Otto (translated by Kira Medlin-Henschel) (1988).
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Storey's Illustrated Guide to 96 Horse Breeds of North America
1217:[Rules governing the stud-book of the Haflinger pony]
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Storey's Illustrated Guide to 96 Horse Breeds of North America
560:. In 1904, the Haflinger Breeders' Cooperative was founded in
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stallions such as Dahoman, Tajar and Gidran were also used as
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and appearance are the result of infusions of bloodlines from
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considered in Italy to be wholly or partly of Italian origin.
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born. Bred by Italian scientists, she was cloned from a mare
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Haflingers used as pack horses during a medieval re-enactment
1870:. American Haflinger Registry. December 2008. Archived from
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2304:(1st American ed.). New York, NY: Dorling Kindersley.
1751:"Analysis of inbreeding in Slovenian Haflinger population"
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countries. The line is most prolific in Austria and Italy.
2020:. The Haflinger Society of Great Britain. Archived from
1642:. The Haflinger Society of Great Britain. Archived from
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horses, and breeding populations spread as far south as
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A breed of horse developed in Austria and northern Italy
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In the postwar era, the Haflinger was indiscriminately
2359:(English ed.). Munich: BLV Verlagsgesellschaft.
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Annali della Facolta di Medicina Veterinaria di Parma
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and various European breeds into the original native
2165:. Haflinger Pferdezuchtverband Tirol. Archived from
1785:. Haflinger Pferdezuchtverband Tirol. Archived from
1215:"Règlement du stud-book français du poney Haflinger"
1168:. Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from
1138:. Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from
840:for rough terrain work and demonstration purposes.
93:
77:
72:
64:
56:
2382:Federation of South Tyrol Haflinger Horse Breeders
2219:
1839:"First Offspring of an Equine Clone Born in Italy"
1837:
1809:
1783:"The Haflinger – a living Tyrolean cultural asset"
235:Haflingers have many uses, including light draft,
2222:Simon & Schuster's Guide to Horses and Ponies
1301:Simon & Schuster's Guide to Horses and Ponies
1221:(in French). Les Haras Nationaux. 8 December 2010
1042:
1040:
818:Haflingers pulling a carriage in northern Austria
425:The history of the Haflinger horse traces to the
404:1990s, several studies were conducted to examine
1710:. Canadian Haflinger Association. Archived from
2407:Australian Haflinger Horse Breeders Association
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
271:The name "Haflinger" comes from the village of
1339:
1337:
1335:
990:"The Haflinger Horse in its Country of Origin"
2439:
2046:. American Haflinger Registry. Archived from
1398:. American Haflinger Registry. Archived from
1166:Domestic Animal Diversity Information Service
1136:Domestic Animal Diversity Information Service
1050:. American Haflinger Registry. Archived from
725:marketing of the breed, and happened even as
671:to produce horses that were shorter and more
8:
2340:. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
1372:
1370:
1368:
1366:
39:
2266:. Allen Breed Series. London: J. A. Allen.
2226:. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, Inc.
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
703:Haflinger mares in Germany in the mid-1980s
481:. Haflingers have close connections to the
2446:
2432:
2424:
2338:International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds
2086:International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds
1981:(in German). Deutschesheer. Archived from
1933:"Haflinger-Ausbildung auf höchstem Niveau"
1899:. Breyer Animal Creations. 27 January 2012
1267:
1265:
1238:
1236:
847:, and many under-saddle events, including
204:-like, favored by the military for use as
45:
38:
1766:
779:On May 28, 2003, a Haflinger filly named
548:, and stud farms had been established in
319:. The walk is relaxed but energetic. The
2067:
2065:
1865:"AHR Board of Directors Meeting Minutes"
1731:
1729:
1663:
1661:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1484:
1482:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1191:
1189:
1187:
2412:Haflinger Horse Association New Zealand
2387:Tyrolean Haflinger Breeding Association
1808:Church, Stephanie L. (1 October 2003).
1087:
1085:
1071:
1069:
992:. Haflinger Horse Italy. Archived from
954:
2157:
2155:
1836:Church, Stephanie L. (29 April 2008).
1390:
1388:
1386:
113:The Haflinger Society of Great Britain
1956:"Haflinger - Soldaten mit vier Hufen"
962:
960:
958:
299:. The neck is of medium length, the
283:hue. The mane and tail are white or
7:
2510:Cavallo Romano della Maremma Laziale
1977:Engelhardt, JĂĽrgen (13 March 2007).
836:. The Haflinger is also used by the
2659:Horse breeds originating in Austria
2241:Damerow, Gail; Rice, Alina (2008).
1025:. International Museum of the Horse
2397:Haflinger Society of Great Britain
433:valleys in central Europe by East
25:
2664:Horse breeds originating in Italy
2218:Bongianni, Maurizio, ed. (1988).
1755:Italian Journal of Animal Science
970:. Oklahoma State University. 1996
512:, 249 Folie, born in 1874 in the
334:Food and Agriculture Organization
307:is medium-long and muscular; the
2319:Hayes, Capt. M. Horace (1976) .
1954:Berger, Eva-Maria (April 2010).
1811:"The World's First Cloned Horse"
877:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
2300:Edwards, Elwyn Hartley (1994).
1162:"Avelignese Tradizionale/Italy"
2402:Canadian Haflinger Association
1:
2302:The Encyclopedia of the Horse
2112:10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.07.008
1919:The Encyclopedia of the Horse
1378:The Encyclopedia of the Horse
1327:The Encyclopedia of the Horse
463:Margrave Louis of Brandenburg
2527:(TPR or Tiro Pesante Rapido)
2163:"World Haflinger Federation"
467:Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
2392:American Haflinger Registry
1345:"Haflinger aus Deutschland"
851:-style horse-show classes,
108:American Haflinger Registry
81:Small horse, sturdy build,
2680:
2336:Hendricks, Bonnie (2007).
1132:"Breeds reported by Italy"
103:World Haflinger Federation
31:
2630:
2474:
2461:
1682:"Haflingers in Australia"
905:objectives and rules for
441:troops after the fall of
121:
98:
51:A Haflinger mare and foal
44:
2262:Deverill, Helen (1996).
1768:10.4081/ijas.2009.s3.128
599:A combined driving event
2490:Avelignese tradizionale
2281:Dutson, Judith (2005).
1979:"Tradition und Moderne"
1244:"Nascita di un puledro"
796:artificial insemination
783:became the first horse
578:Treaty of Saint Germain
568:and stallion registry.
78:Distinguishing features
1119:Draft Horses and Mules
917:
819:
704:
600:
520:was a native Tyrolean
422:
369:
2533:(Trottatore Italiano)
2455:Horse breeds of Italy
2285:. Storey Publishing.
2247:. Storey Publishing.
2134:"Info und EinfĂĽhrung"
1931:Hufnagl, Wolfdieter.
1761:(suppl. 3): 128–130.
915:
893:consumed in Germany.
817:
702:
598:
528:. The small original
490:Etschlander Mountains
420:
364:
267:Breed characteristics
2634:List of horse breeds
2602:Sardinian Anglo-Arab
2577:Purosangue Orientale
1897:"Classics Haflinger"
996:on 27 September 2007
243:disciplines such as
144:, also known as the
128:Equus ferus caballus
40:Haflinger/Avelignese
34:Steyr-Puch Haflinger
2525:Italian Heavy Draft
2321:Points of the Horse
2044:"AHR National Show"
1688:on 19 February 2011
1351:on 28 December 2010
1077:Points of the Horse
933:in the shape of an
902:Breed organizations
664:German Armed Forces
510:foundation stallion
475:Margarete Maultasch
459:Kingdom of Burgundy
253:equestrian vaulting
41:
2612:Siciliano Indigeno
2169:on 7 February 2011
1789:on 7 February 2011
1646:on 6 February 2012
1402:on 1 February 2008
1117:Damerow and Rice,
1054:on 1 February 2008
918:
907:studbook selection
886:European Community
873:therapeutic riding
820:
806:of the Haflinger.
740:Queen Elizabeth II
705:
601:
492:, then located in
423:
370:
257:therapeutic riding
239:work, and various
2641:
2640:
2347:978-0-8061-3884-8
2254:978-1-60342-081-5
1958:(in German). 3sat
1708:"Haflinger Breed"
1250:on 3 October 2012
675:-like for use as
473:married Princess
224:, resulting in a
138:
137:
65:Country of origin
18:Haflinger (horse)
16:(Redirected from
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2189:Haflinger Horses
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1627:Haflinger Horses
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1607:Haflinger Horses
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1594:Haflinger Horses
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1581:Haflinger Horses
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1568:Haflinger Horses
1564:
1558:
1555:Haflinger Horses
1551:
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1542:Haflinger Horses
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1529:Haflinger Horses
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1516:Haflinger Horses
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1503:Haflinger Horses
1499:
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1490:Haflinger Horses
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1477:
1474:Haflinger Horses
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1461:Haflinger Horses
1457:
1451:
1448:Haflinger Horses
1444:
1438:
1435:Haflinger Horses
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1422:Haflinger Horses
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1005:
1003:
1001:
986:
980:
979:
977:
975:
964:
857:endurance riding
845:combined driving
709:closed stud book
646:Great Depression
498:Austro-Hungarian
245:endurance riding
217:closed stud book
198:Great Depression
130:
85:body color with
49:
42:
21:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2644:
2643:
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2637:
2626:
2531:Italian Trotter
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2335:
2318:
2312:
2299:
2293:
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2240:
2234:
2217:
2213:
2211:Further reading
2208:
2204:, pp. 28–29, 72
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2097:
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2079:
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2063:
2053:
2051:
2050:on 24 July 2008
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2016:
2015:
2011:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1985:on 28 July 2012
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1715:
1714:on 9 March 2010
1706:
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1403:
1396:"Breed History"
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1172:on 12 July 2012
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1142:on 11 July 2012
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956:
952:
899:
812:
753:
727:Norwegian Fjord
685:
574:
508:of the breed's
494:Austria-Hungary
465:by his father,
415:
365:A Haflinger in
343:
269:
194:foundation sire
134:
126:
117:
94:Breed standards
52:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
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2609:
2607:Sella Italiano
2604:
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2472:
2471:
2463:These are the
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2458:
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2451:
2450:
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2436:
2428:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
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2394:
2389:
2384:
2377:
2376:External links
2374:
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2106:(1): 142–147.
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2009:
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1888:
1877:on 8 July 2018
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2592:Sanfratellano
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2547:Monterufolino
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2366:3-405-13593-1
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2311:1-56458-614-6
2307:
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2294:
2292:1-58017-613-5
2288:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2273:0-85131-644-1
2269:
2265:
2264:The Haflinger
2260:
2256:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2239:
2235:
2233:0-671-66068-3
2229:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2203:
2202:The Haflinger
2197:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2181:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2140:on 8 May 2009
2139:
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2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2091:
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2081:
2078:
2074:
2073:The Haflinger
2068:
2066:
2062:
2049:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2024:on 7 May 2012
2023:
2019:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2005:The Haflinger
2000:
1997:
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1970:
1957:
1950:
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1934:
1927:
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1752:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1737:The Haflinger
1732:
1730:
1726:
1713:
1709:
1703:
1700:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1669:The Haflinger
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1315:
1314:The Haflinger
1309:
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1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:The Haflinger
1192:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1127:
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1120:
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1111:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1093:The Haflinger
1088:
1086:
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1078:
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1053:
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1043:
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846:
841:
839:
835:
830:
829:Austrian Army
825:
816:
809:
807:
805:
801:
800:Breyer Horses
797:
793:
790:
786:
782:
777:
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748:
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636:
632:
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623:
619:
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610:
609:Upper Austria
606:
597:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
571:
569:
567:
563:
559:
558:Lower Austria
555:
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531:
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437:fleeing from
436:
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406:morphological
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160:and northern
159:
156:developed in
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100:
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89:mane and tail
88:
84:
83:chestnut coat
80:
76:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
48:
43:
35:
30:
19:
2654:Horse breeds
2632:
2515:Esperia Pony
2483:
2465:horse breeds
2421:
2356:
2337:
2320:
2301:
2282:
2263:
2243:
2221:
2201:
2196:
2188:
2187:Schweisgut,
2183:
2171:. Retrieved
2167:the original
2142:. Retrieved
2138:the original
2128:
2103:
2100:Meat Science
2099:
2093:
2085:
2080:
2072:
2052:. Retrieved
2048:the original
2038:
2026:. Retrieved
2022:the original
2018:"Breed Show"
2012:
2004:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1983:the original
1972:
1960:. Retrieved
1949:
1937:. Retrieved
1926:
1918:
1913:
1901:. Retrieved
1891:
1879:. Retrieved
1872:the original
1859:
1847:. Retrieved
1843:
1831:
1819:. Retrieved
1815:
1803:
1793:15 September
1791:. Retrieved
1787:the original
1777:
1758:
1754:
1744:
1736:
1716:. Retrieved
1712:the original
1702:
1692:15 September
1690:. Retrieved
1686:the original
1676:
1668:
1648:. Retrieved
1644:the original
1634:
1626:
1625:Schweisgut,
1606:
1605:Schweisgut,
1601:
1593:
1592:Schweisgut,
1588:
1580:
1579:Schweisgut,
1575:
1567:
1566:Schweisgut,
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1554:
1553:Schweisgut,
1549:
1541:
1540:Schweisgut,
1536:
1528:
1527:Schweisgut,
1523:
1515:
1514:Schweisgut,
1510:
1502:
1501:Schweisgut,
1497:
1489:
1488:Schweisgut,
1473:
1472:Schweisgut,
1468:
1460:
1459:Schweisgut,
1455:
1447:
1446:Schweisgut,
1442:
1434:
1433:Schweisgut,
1429:
1421:
1420:Schweisgut,
1416:
1404:. Retrieved
1400:the original
1377:
1355:14 September
1353:. Retrieved
1349:the original
1326:
1321:
1313:
1308:
1300:
1277:
1273:
1252:. Retrieved
1248:the original
1223:. Retrieved
1196:
1174:. Retrieved
1170:the original
1165:
1156:
1144:. Retrieved
1140:the original
1135:
1126:
1118:
1113:
1105:
1100:
1092:
1076:
1056:. Retrieved
1052:the original
1027:. Retrieved
998:. Retrieved
994:the original
984:
972:. Retrieved
921:they can be
919:
900:
897:Registration
865:show jumping
842:
821:
778:
754:
751:21st century
723:
706:
686:
643:
602:
575:
487:
479:forest horse
451:Etsch Valley
424:
402:
344:
270:
241:under-saddle
234:
210:
192:ponies. The
182:conformation
145:
141:
139:
125:
29:
2582:Salernitano
2520:Giara horse
2486:(Haflinger)
2479:Appenninico
2144:25 November
2084:Hendricks,
1989:25 November
1962:25 November
1939:25 November
1903:9 September
1849:22 December
1718:20 December
1629:, pp. 50–52
1609:, pp. 46–49
1583:, pp. 40–41
1570:, pp. 38–39
1544:, pp. 35–36
1531:, pp. 32–34
1518:, pp. 31–32
1492:, pp. 22–29
1476:, pp. 20–22
1437:, pp. 13–16
1303:, Entry 157
1299:Bongianni,
1199:, pp. 30–37
1095:, pp. 25–27
1023:"Haflinger"
968:"Haflinger"
882:Andalusians
838:German Army
804:model horse
757:state studs
635:Wildschönau
605:Stadl-Paura
546:North Tyrol
469:, when the
427:Middle Ages
367:South Tyrol
178:Middle Ages
170:South Tyrol
57:Other names
2648:Categories
2557:Neapolitan
2495:Bardigiano
2484:Avelignese
2329:B000UEYZHA
2200:Deverill,
2071:Deverill,
2003:Deverill,
1881:5 February
1821:5 February
1735:Deverill,
1667:Deverill,
1406:26 January
1312:Deverill,
1280:: 199–210.
1254:30 January
1225:30 January
1195:Deverill,
1091:Deverill,
1058:26 January
1000:26 January
950:References
891:horse milk
834:Hochfilzen
802:created a
774:inbreeding
714:breed show
694:Vorarlberg
677:packhorses
659:Oberaudorf
639:East Tyrol
586:horse show
572:World Wars
516:. Folie's
261:registries
206:packhorses
146:Avelignese
60:Avelignese
2617:Tolfetano
2597:Sarcidano
2542:Maremmano
2537:Lipizzano
2500:Calabrese
1917:Edwards,
1844:The Horse
1816:The Horse
1640:"History"
1376:Edwards,
1325:Edwards,
935:edelweiss
931:firebrand
745:Innsbruck
736:Karacabey
590:Sardinian
530:gene pool
514:Vinschgau
457:from the
439:Byzantine
142:Haflinger
2622:Ventasso
2587:Samolaco
2173:25 March
2120:22063974
2088:, p. 212
1329:, p. 185
1176:11 April
1146:11 April
1108:, p. 125
1104:Dutson,
1079:, p. 400
869:vaulting
861:dressage
781:Prometea
766:Burgundy
762:Brittany
732:Illinois
566:studbook
554:Salzburg
534:Oriental
526:purebred
504:and was
500:stud at
471:Margrave
461:sent to
455:stallion
431:Tyrolean
396:Austria.
329:forehand
277:chestnut
249:dressage
230:Prometea
190:Tyrolean
164:(namely
2572:Persano
2562:Noriker
2552:Murgese
2191:, p. 56
2075:, p. 95
2054:16 July
2028:1 April
2007:, p. 60
1921:, p. 53
1739:, p. 24
1671:, p. 22
1650:1 April
1596:, p. 45
1557:, p. 36
1505:, p. 30
1463:, p. 16
1450:, p. 19
1424:, p. 12
1380:, p. 52
1121:, p. 72
1075:Hayes,
1029:1 April
974:16 July
929:with a
927:branded
923:covered
849:western
824:driving
770:Picardy
655:Bavaria
651:covered
618:Bosnian
582:Bolzano
502:Radautz
483:Noriker
447:Arabian
413:History
351:fillies
301:withers
273:Hafling
237:harness
213:crossed
186:Arabian
166:Hafling
158:Austria
148:, is a
2567:Pentro
2505:Catria
2363:
2344:
2327:
2308:
2289:
2270:
2251:
2230:
2118:
1316:, p. 5
943:gelded
871:, and
768:, and
719:Sicily
562:Mölten
550:Styria
381:lines.
325:canter
285:flaxen
255:, and
228:named
222:cloned
87:flaxen
73:Traits
1875:(PDF)
1868:(PDF)
1219:(PDF)
853:trail
785:clone
673:draft
622:Konik
614:Hucul
542:South
538:studs
443:Conza
435:Goths
355:foals
347:colts
317:gaits
313:hocks
309:croup
293:hands
289:hands
281:liver
226:filly
202:draft
174:gaits
162:Italy
154:horse
150:breed
2361:ISBN
2342:ISBN
2325:ASIN
2306:ISBN
2287:ISBN
2268:ISBN
2249:ISBN
2228:ISBN
2175:2011
2146:2010
2116:PMID
2056:2008
2030:2012
1991:2010
1964:2010
1941:2010
1905:2012
1883:2010
1851:2009
1823:2010
1795:2010
1720:2009
1694:2010
1652:2012
1408:2008
1357:2010
1256:2012
1227:2012
1178:2011
1148:2011
1060:2008
1031:2012
1002:2008
976:2008
939:bone
855:and
810:Uses
792:cell
789:skin
690:meat
669:bred
644:The
633:and
631:Weer
627:Zams
556:and
544:and
522:mare
506:sire
375:stud
323:and
321:trot
305:back
297:poll
140:The
2108:doi
1763:doi
607:in
518:dam
392:it.
168:in
152:of
2650::
2154:^
2114:.
2104:81
2102:.
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1842:.
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1757:.
1753:.
1728:^
1660:^
1614:^
1481:^
1385:^
1365:^
1334:^
1286:^
1278:27
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1264:^
1235:^
1204:^
1186:^
1164:.
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1084:^
1068:^
1039:^
1010:^
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863:,
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2440:t
2433:v
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2110::
2058:.
2032:.
1993:.
1966:.
1943:.
1907:.
1885:.
1853:.
1825:.
1797:.
1771:.
1765::
1759:8
1722:.
1696:.
1654:.
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1359:.
1258:.
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1180:.
1150:.
1062:.
1033:.
1004:.
978:.
36:.
20:)
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