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and heated to approximately 1200 degrees
Celsius for two to three weeks. The process increased the carbon content at the face to around 1 percent; the carbon content decreasing gradually from this level with distance into the plate, reaching the original proportion (approximately 0.1–0.2 percent) at
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them together. This process produced a sharp transition between the properties of the two plates in a very small distance. As consequence, the two plates could separate when struck by a shell, and the rear plate was often not elastic enough to stop the splinters. With the discovery of
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to toughen the back of the plate. The water bath was later replaced with jets of water to prevent the formation of a layer of steam which would insulate the steel from the cooling effect of the water. The process was further improved by low temperature
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Harvey armor was taken up by all of the major navies, since 13 in (330 mm) of Harvey armor offered the same protection as 15.5 in (390 mm) of nickel-steel armor. It was in turn rendered obsolete by the development of
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Harvey armor used a single plate of steel, but re-introduced the benefits of compound armor. The front surface was converted to high carbon steel by "cementing". In this process, the steel plate would be covered with
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plate. The front plate was intended to break up an incoming shell, while the rear plate would catch any splinters and hold the armor together if the brittle front plate shattered.
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Compound armor was made by pouring molten steel between a red-hot wrought iron backing plate and a hardened steel front plate to
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to absorb the shock of projectile impact. Compound armor appeared in the mid-1880s and was made from two different types of
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a depth of around an inch. After cementing, the plate was chilled first in an oil bath, then in a water bath, before being
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in the 1880s, armor plating was made from uniform homogeneous iron or steel plates backed by several inches of
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While the
American navy used nickel steel for Harvey armor (roughly 0.2 percent carbon, 0.6 percent
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developed in the early 1890s in which the front surfaces of the plates were
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8 inches (200 mm) Harveyized nickel-steel plate from 1894
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Gene Slover's US Navy Pages - Naval
Ordnance and Gunnery
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119:This type of armor was used in the construction of
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308:Memoir of Hayward Augustus Harvey by His Sons
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305:Harvey, Thomas William (December 30, 2004).
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71:Learn how and when to remove this message
34:This article includes a list of general
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197:steel front plate backed by a more
40:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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16:Type of casehardened naval armor
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462:Pre-industrial armoured ships
311:. Kessinger. pp. 70–71.
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132:Harvey United Steel Company
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360:technologies
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409:Belt armour
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366:Composition
269:Carburizing
257:Krupp armor
201:low-carbon
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125:Krupp armor
96:naval armor
53:introducing
275:References
36:references
249:manganese
163:Schneider
155:Armstrong
61:June 2019
477:Category
263:See also
237:annealed
232:charcoal
167:Carnegie
111:engineer
108:American
455:History
402:Designs
242:forging
217:-steel
199:elastic
151:Vickers
49:improve
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219:alloys
215:nickel
195:carbon
136:cartel
38:, but
191:steel
159:Krupp
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313:ISBN
287:ISBN
210:weld
187:teak
169:and
130:The
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