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on the left and the Three-Bodied (Triple-Bodied) Daemon with the symbols of the three elements of nature in his hands on the right. The three bodies of the winged monster hold a wave, a flame and a bird and have intertwined snake tails, symbolizing the four natural elements, i.e. water, fire, air and
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The style of the sculptures is typical of the early
Archaic period. The overall narrative scenes of the pediments and metopes is half narrative, including human or semi-human figures, half animal, including animals placed in a symmetrical or repetitive fashion. This reminds of the illustrations of
403:, Immo Beyer, and others, as well as historical correlations between the surviving fragments and the destruction of the Acropolis by the Persians in 480 BC have led to the current hypothesis that Hekatompedon was a hexastyle peripteral Doric temple with a 46-metre long
477:
on the side corners. The meaning of this scene is again unknown. The lioness has both female (breast) and male (mane) details, probably arising from the lack of knowledge of the Greek artists on these animals, which no longer populated Greece in the 6th century BC.
305:
As with many other archaeological findings on the
Acropolis, the initial descriptions of Hekatompedon in the late 19th century were based only on architectural and sculptural fragments. In that context, Hekatompedon was known as
446:. Overall the meaning of the whole pediment is mysterious. Some scholars believe that it means the dominance of the human wisdom over humidity: the lions are earth animals, whereas the bull represent humidity. In addition, both
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1304:
289:. The existence of the Hekatompedon is witnessed by historical documents. Its foundations have disappeared, but architectural and sculptural elements found in the southern part of the
386:'s extensive research on the surviving fragments and sculptures proved that the pediments of the temple must have been larger than earlier presumed. As a result, he reconstructed a
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The pediments were colourfully painted and their porous limestone has allowed the ancient paint to survive well. One of the pediments (perhaps the West pediment) contained
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temple located on the site of the Old Temple of Athena, and was in fact an earlier stage of the Old Temple that was later expanded with a
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The name of the temple was found in inscriptions and means “100 feet long” (ca. 30 m), although its length reached 46 m.
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The description of the temple as well as its presumed location have changed since the first descriptions by
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Other surviving sculptures include four horses and two panthers carved in relief, both from
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An obsolete conjectural elevation of the
Hekatompedon according to Theodor Wiegand, 1905.
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Stamatia
Eleftheratou, Acropolis Museum, guide, Acropolis Museum Editions, Athens 2014
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was actually located south, on the site of the still standing
Parthenon and named it
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temple instead of the previous reconstructions that included a distyle or tristyle
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The East pediment, also known as the
Lioness pediment, contained in the centre
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Walter-Herwig
Schuchhardt, "Die Sima des alten Athenatempels der Akropolis",
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Mitteilungen des
Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Athenische Abteilung
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Mitteilungen des
Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Athenische Abteilung
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1004:
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at the website of the
Acropolis Museum ; Retrieved 19 November 2014
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Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Athen
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Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Athen
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in descriptions and cataloguing, next to other buildings such as
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The temple was built around 570–550 BC. It was demolished by the
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in the Archaic period, and placed in the position of the present
638:, Deutsches Archäologisches Institut / Abteilung Athen, 47.1922.
218:
40:
Sculpture from the east pediment depicting a lion killing a calf
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of the temple, and a very fragmentary gorgon from the central
212:
333:. Dörpfeld had assigned all fragments to the neighbouring
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Snakes at the right and left corners of the East pediment
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Die archaische Poros-Architektur der Akropolis zu Athen
604:. Bd. 12, 1887, S. 25–61. 190–211; Wilhelm Dörpfeld:
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23:Temple for the worship of Athena in Athens, Greece
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1305:Ancient Greek buildings and structures in Athens
610:Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
407:and that was located on the site of Parthenon.
297:have been assigned by scholars to this temple.
1090:Museum of the Center for the Acropolis Studies
740:
625:, German Academy of Sciences in Berlin, 1904.
596:. Bd. 11, 1886, S. 337–51; Wilhelm Dörpfeld:
471:two symmetrically placed lions killing a calf
8:
277:. The latter was destroyed in 480 BC by the
663:The Parthenon Marbles and International Law
382:, German for "original Parthenon". In 1936
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598:Der alte Athenatempel auf der Akropolis II
465:Lioness at the centre of the East pediment
450:and Nereus were sea creatures defeated by
438:earth, respectively. It represents either
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720:Greek thesaurus; the Hekatompedon temple
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561:
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590:Der alte Athenatempel auf der Akropolis
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709:at the website of the Acropolis Museum
473:(only one has been recovered) and two
337:that stood between the still standing
285:, and finally replaced by the present
273:to build a larger temple known as the
577:National Hellenic Research Foundation
265:in 490 BC after the victory over the
7:
367:mentioned in ancient inscriptions.
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700:Hekatompedos, the archaic Parthenon
569:Topographic Issues of the Acropolis
522:. Humans were characterized by the
1246:Siege of the Acropolis (1826–1827)
1241:Siege of the Acropolis (1821–1822)
14:
573:Archaeology of the City of Athens
509:Detail of the West pediment. The
1226:Achaemenid destruction of Athens
1140:Korai of the Acropolis of Athens
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458:, which earned him immortality.
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16:For the ancient Greek city, see
1040:Louis-François-Sébastien Fauvel
820:Choragic Monument of Thrasyllos
810:Theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus
174:
166:
945:Church of Panagia Atheniotissa
885:Sanctuary of Artemis Brauronia
425:two lions tearing apart a bull
1:
1236:Siege of the Acropolis (1687)
634:Ernst Buschor, "Burglöwen",
950:Temple of Roma and Augustus
935:Choragic Monument of Nikias
579:. Retrieved in August 2018.
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1135:Pediments of the Parthenon
359:. Moreover, he identified
345:hypothesized in 1904 that
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1310:Temples in ancient Athens
1025:Giovanni Battista Lusieri
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920:Sanctuary of Zeus Polieus
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665:. Springer. p. 142.
606:Das Hekatompedon in Athen
384:Walter-Herwig Schuchhardt
45:
33:
1130:Metopes of the Parthenon
790:Odeon of Herodes Atticus
661:Titi, Catharine (2023).
612:. Bd. 34, 1919, S. 1–40.
217:, "hundred", and πούς, "
1231:Sack of Athens (267 AD)
651:, 60–61, 1935–36, 1–98.
1180:Nike Fixing her Sandal
905:Altar of Athena Polias
805:Sanctuary of Asclepius
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66:Location within Greece
785:Temple of Athena Nike
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401:William Bell Dinsmoor
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283:Destruction of Athens
97:Ancient Greek Archaic
1200:Athena Marsyas Group
1085:Old Acropolis Museum
1055:Panagiotis Kavvadias
1030:Reverend Philip Hunt
915:Sanctuary of Pandion
880:Old Temple of Athena
536:New Acropolis Museum
399:Further research by
335:Old Temple of Athena
160:Construction started
1295:Acropolis of Athens
1210:Three-Bodied Daemon
1205:Nike of Callimachus
795:Pedestal of Agrippa
756:Acropolis of Athens
511:Three-bodied Daemon
295:Acropolis of Athens
235:Acropolis of Athens
136:37.9715°N 23.7267°E
132: /
94:Architectural style
86:for the worship of
75:General information
1015:Francesco Morosini
705:2018-03-24 at the
692:2015-04-06 at the
588:Wilhelm Dörpfeld:
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454:on its way to the
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279:returning Persians
271:Battle of Marathon
229:, was an ancient
221:"), also known as
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1050:Kyriakos Pittakis
925:Odeon of Pericles
858:Former structures
763:Extant structures
672:978-3-031-26356-9
621:Theodor Wiegand,
567:Manolis Korres, "
456:Hesperides garden
370:However, in 1922
193:
192:
1317:
1300:Acropolis Museum
1255:Related articles
1125:Athena Promachos
1120:Parthenon Frieze
1115:Athena Parthenos
1080:Acropolis Museum
1060:Nikolaos Balanos
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955:Parthenon mosque
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1145:Antenor Kore
975:Themistocles
870:Hekatompedon
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201:Hekatompedos
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29:Hekatompedon
18:Hecatompedum
1165:Peplos Kore
1155:Kritios Boy
1045:Ludwig Ross
995:Callicrates
900:Arrephorion
895:Pandroseion
890:Chalkotheke
775:Erechtheion
301:Archaeology
237:built from
209:ἑκατόμπεδος
139: /
114:Coordinates
1284:Categories
1020:Lord Elgin
910:Eleusinion
825:Beulé Gate
815:Aglaureion
547:References
495:akroterion
388:peripteros
357:peristasis
352:peripteros
349:was a non-
339:Erechtheum
171:ca. 550 BC
163:ca. 570 BC
127:23°43′36″E
124:37°58′17″N
1108:Sculpture
1010:Mardonius
1000:Mnesikles
940:Klepsydra
835:Peripatos
780:Propylaia
770:Parthenon
411:Pediments
405:crepidoma
291:Mycenaean
287:Parthenon
263:Athenians
249:Etymology
243:Parthenon
239:limestone
176:Destroyed
168:Completed
1160:Kore 670
1005:Xerxes I
980:Pericles
703:Archived
690:Archived
530:See also
452:Herakles
430:Herakles
396:temple.
393:in antis
293:wall of
267:Persians
108:, Greece
102:Location
1097:at the
1073:Museums
990:Ictinus
985:Phidias
491:metopes
363:as the
281:in the
269:at the
257:History
233:on the
211:, from
1219:Events
964:People
669:
608:. In:
600:. In:
592:. In:
475:snakes
448:Triton
444:Typhon
440:Nereus
434:Triton
214:ἑκατόν
179:490 BC
155:Museum
106:Athens
88:Athena
84:Temple
1269:Moria
501:Style
318:etc.
184:Owner
667:ISBN
225:and
219:foot
195:The
80:Type
571:",
442:or
199:or
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314:,
312:A–
245:.
207::
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203:(
20:.
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