728:
Kubota-Aizawa S, Ohno K, Fukushima K, Kanemoto H, Nakashima K, Uchida K, Chambers JK, Goto-Koshino Y, Watanabe T, Sekizaki T, Mimuro H, Tsujimoto H (July 2017). "Epidemiological study of gastric
Helicobacter spp. in dogs with gastrointestinal disease in Japan and diversity of Helicobacter heilmannii
639:, peptic ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum, nonlymphoma types of stomach cancers, and extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the stomach. Based on the ability of antibiotic-based drug regimens to improve and cure some of these diseases in humans and animal models,
446:
species identified to date in the stomachs of humans with these upper gastrointestinal tract diseases, the natural hosts for these species, the sites these species colonize in their natural, nonhuman hosts, and each species prevalence as a percentage of all
293:
in being associated with the development of stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers that are not lymphomas, and extranodal marginal B cell lymphomas of the stomach. It is important to recognize and diagnose the association of
691:
bacterium in the stomach to achieve symptomatic relief and total regression of some of the infection-associated nonmalignant, as well as malignant diseases, particularly extranodal marginal B-cell lymphoma. Drug regimens of
302:, particularly extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the stomach, because many of them have been successfully treated using antibiotic-based drug regimens directed against the instigating
944:
Iwanczak B, Biernat M, Iwanczak F, Grabinska J, Matusiewicz K, Gosciniak G (April 2012). "The clinical aspects of
Helicobacter heilmannii infection in children with dyspeptic symptoms".
1318:
1331:
663:
appears to be associated with higher percentages of upper gastrointestinal tract diseases; for example, it is associated with 4% and 6.2%, respectively, of all
282:
and has been associated with a wide range of other diseases although its role in the development of many of these other diseases requires further study.
1292:
1305:
1068:
Ménard A, Péré-Védrenne C, Haesebrouck F, Flahou B (September 2014). "Gastric and enterohepatic helicobacters other than
Helicobacter pylori".
1387:
318:
bacteria is somewhat complex and incomplete, with new species currently being considered as possibly belonging to this genus. Within the
1372:
769:
Péré-Védrenne C, Flahou B, Loke MF, Ménard A, Vadivelu J (September 2017). "Other
Helicobacters, gastric and gut microbiota".
683:-associated diseases has employed the same antibiotic-based drug regiments that have been successfully used to treat and cure
378:
bacterial species that have been isolated from the stomachs of humans and animals, but identified only on the basis of their
1310:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
585:
infections by close contact with cats, dogs, pigs, and other farm animals, as well as by eating raw pork contaminated by
1377:
577:
group; the appended "s.s." abbreviation is used to indicate that it refers to a specific species rather than the group.
410:, can cause upper gastrointestinal tract diseases in humans, and are sensitive to a common set of antibiotic regimens.
551:
1244:
1336:
342:
is 2.5-4.0 micrometers in length and 0.5-1.0 micrometers in width) as well as in the position and number of their
1382:
479:
1392:
160:
1206:
515:
299:
231:
434:
associated with upper gastrointestinal tract disease and therefore designated these bacterial species as
701:
1279:
243:
239:
890:"Helicobacter pylori in human health and disease: Mechanisms for local gastric and systemic effects"
1113:"The aetiology of B-cell lymphoid malignancies with a focus on chronic inflammation and infections"
614:
383:
218:
1093:
1050:
1001:
794:
497:
279:
36:
1397:
1344:
1266:
1186:
1134:
1085:
1042:
993:
953:
921:
870:
786:
746:
533:
419:
379:
97:
85:
1349:
1176:
1168:
1124:
1077:
1032:
985:
911:
901:
860:
850:
778:
738:
208:
genus consists of at least 40 species of spiral-shaped (also described as corkscrew-shaped)
59:
643:
infections are considered to be key contributors in their development and/or progression.
72:
1323:
1181:
1156:
916:
889:
865:
838:
697:
247:
1366:
1005:
705:
386:
appearance, and/or other crude taxonomic data: in most studies, the species of these
213:
1097:
1054:
798:
1271:
438:
However, investigative studies have identified these species in some patients with
197:
111:
710:
S. heilmannii s.l.-associated upper gastrointestinal tract diseases successfully.
1238:
1157:"Different Pathophysiology of Gastritis in East and West? A Western Perspective"
693:
601:
remains viable up to 72 hours in fresh raw pork). Furthermore, a higher rate of
335:
1229:
742:
593:
species listed in the above table have been isolated from these animals, while
177:
Antibiotic-based drug regimens can cure stomach diseases due to these bacteria.
855:
605:-associated infections occurs in rural areas. These findings suggest that the
906:
659:
is associated with the remaining cases. In certain Asian countries, however,
839:"Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato: an overview of the infection in humans"
636:
251:
235:
209:
166:
1190:
1138:
1089:
1046:
997:
957:
925:
874:
790:
750:
418:
isolates whose species have been clearly defined, typically by unambiguous
346:(they have 4-23 flagella that are located at only one of their ends, while
1019:
Flahou B, Rimbara E, Mori S, Haesebrouck F, Shibayama K (September 2015).
1223:
976:
Ménard A, Smet A (September 2019). "Review: Other
Helicobacter species".
618:
610:
343:
189:
47:
1297:
1253:
1129:
1112:
708:, clarithromycin, plus a proton pump inhibitor have been used to treat
192:
1258:
1172:
1081:
1037:
1020:
989:
782:
216:
bacteria of which the by far most prominent and well-known species is
289:
species of bacteria take as part of their definition a similarity to
1200:
635:
has been detected in the stomach of patients with acute and chronic
581:
Many reports suggest that individuals, including children, acquire
201:
27:
1284:
1204:
888:
Bravo D, Hoare A, Soto C, Valenzuela MA, Quest AF (July 2018).
451:
species isolated from humans are given in the following table.
430:
Most clinical studies have not identified the exact species of
398:
is a clinically useful designation indicating unidentified
350:
has 4-8 flagella divided between both of their ends). The
334:
by being two- to three-fold larger in size (they are 4-10
687:-associated diseases. These regimens have eradicated the
354:
grouping of bacteria is further divided into two groups:
655:-induced upper gastrointestinal tract diseases, while
390:
bacteria is not defined other than that they are non-
460:
species identified in the stomachs of patients with
1213:
173:
159:
152:
394:isolated from the stomachs of humans and animals.
338:in length and 0.5-0.8 micrometers in width, while
278:has also been associated with the development of
1150:
1148:
837:Bento-Miranda M, Figueiredo C (December 2014).
832:
830:
828:
971:
969:
967:
939:
937:
935:
826:
824:
822:
820:
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
764:
762:
760:
647:is far more often involved in these diseases:
8:
667:-associated diseases in China and Thailand.
651:is typically associated with <1% of all
1201:
149:
20:
1180:
1128:
1036:
915:
905:
864:
854:
453:
720:
597:has been isolated from fresh raw pork (
426:Epidemiology and transmission to humans
1111:Smedby KE, Ponzoni M (November 2017).
946:Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
557:cat dog, fox, lyrnx, nonhuman primates
230:is associated with the development of
300:upper gastrointestinal tract diseases
7:
621:that spread from animals to humans.
330:species that are distinguished from
470:Colonized sites in non-humans hosts
442:-associated stomach diseases. The
256:extranodal marginal zone lymphomas
185:Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato
154:Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato
14:
1155:Wirth HP, Yang M (October 2016).
894:World Journal of Gastroenterology
843:World Journal of Gastroenterology
169:and nonmalignant stomach diseases
1161:Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases
679:The treatment of patients with
1:
1117:Journal of Internal Medicine
138:Helicobacter heilmannii s.l.
1388:Infectious causes of cancer
552:Helicobacter heilmannii s.s
356:H. heilmannii sensu stricto
165:Infections associated with
1414:
743:10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.04.004
254:, and various subtypes of
1021:"The Other Helicobacters"
856:10.3748/wjg.v20.i47.17779
609:-associated diseases are
503:cat, dog, rabbit, cheetah
480:Helicobacter bizzozeronii
37:Scientific classification
35:
23:
16:Species group of bacteria
907:10.3748/wjg.v24.i28.3071
364:H. heilmannii sensu lato
314:The current taxonomy of
304:H. heilmannii sensu lato
296:H. heilmannii sensu lato
287:H. heilmannii sensu lato
26:Helicobacter heilmannii
1324:helicobacter-heilmannii
1245:Helicobacter heilmannii
1215:Helicobacter heilmannii
467:Non-human natural hosts
416:Helicobacter heilmannii
376:Helicobacter heilmannii
352:Helicobacter heilmannii
1373:Gram-negative bacteria
539:pig, nonhuman primates
516:Helicobacter salomonis
232:gastrointestinal tract
702:proton pump inhibitor
675:- associated diseases
473:Prevalence in humans
188:refers to a group of
628:-associated diseases
573:is a species in the
464:-associated diseases
384:electron microscopic
258:, e.g. those of the
236:stomach inflammation
1378:Pathogenic bacteria
984:(Suppl 1): e12645.
777:(Suppl 1): e12407.
617:that are caused by
615:infectious diseases
524:stomach, dog saliva
488:stomach, dog saliva
485:cat, dog, fox, lynx
324:H. heilmannii s. l.
306:bacterial species.
219:Helicobacter pylori
1130:10.1111/joim.12684
1076:(Suppl 1): 59–67.
731:Veterinary Journal
571:H. heilmannii s.s.
498:Helicobacter felis
462:H. heilmannii s.l.
458:H. heilmannii s.s.
449:H. heilmannii s.s.
414:, in contrast, is
372:H. heilmannii s.l.
368:H. heilmannii s.l.
360:H. heilmannii s.s.
1360:
1359:
1345:Open Tree of Life
1207:Taxon identifiers
1173:10.1159/000446300
1082:10.1111/hel.12162
1038:10.1111/hel.12259
1031:(Suppl 1): 62–7.
990:10.1111/hel.12645
900:(28): 3071–3089.
783:10.1111/hel.12407
689:H. heilmanni s.l.
681:H. heilmanni s.l.
673:H. heilmanni s.l.
661:H. heilmanni s.l.
649:H. heilmanni s.l.
641:H. heilmanni s.l.
633:H. heilmanni s.l.
626:H. heilmanni s.l.
611:zoonotic diseases
607:H. heilmanni s.l.
603:H. heilmanni s.l.
591:H. heilmanni s.s.
583:H. heilmanni s.l.
567:
566:
534:Helicobacter suis
444:H. heilmanni s.s.
440:H. heilmanni s.l.
436:H. heilmanni s.l.
420:molecular biology
412:H. heilmanni s.s.
396:H. heilmanni s.l.
380:histopathological
234:diseases such as
181:
180:
147:Medical condition
145:
144:
98:Helicobacteraceae
86:Campylobacterales
1405:
1383:Campylobacterota
1353:
1352:
1340:
1339:
1327:
1326:
1314:
1313:
1301:
1300:
1288:
1287:
1275:
1274:
1262:
1261:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1202:
1195:
1194:
1184:
1152:
1143:
1142:
1132:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1040:
1016:
1010:
1009:
973:
962:
961:
941:
930:
929:
919:
909:
885:
879:
878:
868:
858:
849:(47): 17779–87.
834:
803:
802:
766:
755:
754:
729:sensu stricto".
725:
521:cat, dog, rabbit
454:
280:bile duct cancer
268:large intestines
264:small intestines
150:
60:Campylobacterota
21:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1348:
1343:
1335:
1330:
1322:
1317:
1309:
1304:
1296:
1291:
1283:
1278:
1270:
1265:
1257:
1252:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1209:
1199:
1198:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1018:
1017:
1013:
975:
974:
965:
943:
942:
933:
887:
886:
882:
836:
835:
806:
768:
767:
758:
727:
726:
722:
717:
677:
630:
428:
312:
248:stomach cancers
244:duodenal ulcers
148:
141:
124:
117:
116:
100:
88:
76:
73:Campylobacteria
62:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1411:
1409:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1393:Carcinogenesis
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1365:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1341:
1328:
1315:
1302:
1289:
1276:
1263:
1250:
1235:
1219:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1197:
1196:
1167:(3): 113–122.
1144:
1123:(5): 360–370.
1103:
1060:
1011:
963:
931:
880:
804:
756:
719:
718:
716:
713:
698:clarithromycin
676:
669:
629:
623:
579:
578:
565:
564:
561:
558:
555:
547:
546:
543:
540:
537:
529:
528:
525:
522:
519:
511:
510:
507:
504:
501:
493:
492:
489:
486:
483:
475:
474:
471:
468:
465:
427:
424:
326:is a group of
311:
308:
240:stomach ulcers
179:
178:
175:
171:
170:
163:
157:
156:
146:
143:
142:
135:
133:
126:
125:
118:
108:
106:
102:
101:
96:
94:
90:
89:
84:
82:
78:
77:
70:
68:
64:
63:
58:
56:
52:
51:
46:
44:
40:
39:
33:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1410:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
972:
970:
968:
964:
959:
955:
951:
947:
940:
938:
936:
932:
927:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
899:
895:
891:
884:
881:
876:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
848:
844:
840:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
805:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
765:
763:
761:
757:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
724:
721:
714:
712:
711:
707:
706:metronidazole
703:
699:
695:
690:
686:
682:
674:
671:Treatment of
670:
668:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
627:
624:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
576:
575:H. heilmannii
572:
569:
568:
562:
559:
556:
554:
553:
549:
548:
544:
541:
538:
536:
535:
531:
530:
526:
523:
520:
518:
517:
513:
512:
508:
505:
502:
500:
499:
495:
494:
490:
487:
484:
482:
481:
477:
476:
472:
469:
466:
463:
459:
456:
455:
452:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
432:H. heilmannii
425:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:H. heilmannii
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:H. heilmannii
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
309:
307:
305:
301:
297:
292:
288:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
250:that are not
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
220:
215:
214:Gram-negative
211:
207:
203:
200:
199:
194:
191:
187:
186:
176:
172:
168:
164:
162:
161:Complications
158:
155:
151:
140:
139:
134:
131:
130:Species group
128:
127:
122:
115:
114:
113:
107:
104:
103:
99:
95:
92:
91:
87:
83:
80:
79:
74:
69:
66:
65:
61:
57:
54:
53:
49:
45:
42:
41:
38:
34:
31:
30:
29:
22:
19:
1214:
1164:
1160:
1120:
1116:
1106:
1073:
1070:Helicobacter
1069:
1063:
1028:
1025:Helicobacter
1024:
1014:
981:
978:Helicobacter
977:
952:(2): 133–6.
949:
945:
897:
893:
883:
846:
842:
774:
771:Helicobacter
770:
734:
730:
723:
709:
688:
684:
680:
678:
672:
665:Helicobacter
664:
660:
656:
653:Helicobacter
652:
648:
644:
640:
632:
631:
625:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
580:
574:
570:
550:
532:
514:
496:
478:
461:
457:
448:
443:
439:
435:
431:
429:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
382:appearance,
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
339:
331:
328:Helicobacter
327:
323:
320:Helicobacter
319:
316:Helicobacter
315:
313:
303:
295:
290:
286:
284:
275:
227:
223:
217:
206:Helicobacter
205:
198:Helicobacter
196:
184:
183:
182:
153:
137:
136:
129:
120:
112:Helicobacter
110:
109:
25:
24:
18:
1239:Wikispecies
694:amoxicillin
406:that, like
402:species of
336:micrometers
298:with these
210:flagellated
195:within the
1367:Categories
715:References
1006:201838021
737:: 56–62.
700:, plus a
685:H. pylori
657:H. pylori
645:H. pylori
637:gastritis
422:methods.
408:H. pylori
400:H. pylori
392:H. pylori
348:H. pylori
340:H. pylori
332:H. pylori
291:H. pylori
276:H. pylori
252:lymphomas
228:H. pylori
224:H. pylori
190:bacterial
174:Treatment
167:malignant
1398:Lymphoma
1230:Q7780536
1224:Wikidata
1191:29922666
1139:28875507
1098:26625920
1090:25167947
1055:21920518
1047:26372827
998:31486233
958:22653899
926:30065554
875:25548476
799:30040441
791:28891140
751:28720300
619:pathogen
613:, i.e.,
545:14%-37%
344:flagella
310:Taxonomy
119:Goodwin
93:Family:
55:Phylum:
48:Bacteria
43:Domain:
1298:3223385
1254:BacDive
1182:5988118
917:6064966
866:4273128
599:H. suis
595:H. suis
587:H. suis
560:stomach
542:stomach
506:stomach
322:genus,
260:stomach
193:species
105:Genus:
81:Order:
67:Class:
1350:805701
1311:962255
1285:972319
1189:
1179:
1137:
1096:
1088:
1053:
1045:
1004:
996:
956:
924:
914:
873:
863:
797:
789:
749:
589:. The
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