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to Gandhi from 1905. He qualified in 1908 and handled Gandhi's legal practice and also became attorney of the
Supreme Court of the Transvaal. When Gandhi visited London in 1906, Polak's father took Gandhi to the House of Commons to meet a liberal member of parliament. Polak and Gandhi introduced a
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from 1905 serving until 1916. Gandhi helped get Millie into South Africa and acted as best man at their wedding in South Africa on 30 December 1905. The magistrate at one point assumed that Henry was "coloured" due to his association with Gandhi and there were rules against "coloured" people
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newsletter and he was forced to resign from the editorial position in 1919. He was interested in inter-religious movements and took part in the World
Congress of Religions at Geneva in 1937. Speaking in Madras in 1956, he drew parallels between the Theosophical movement and the
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Haggis, Jane; Midgley, Clare; Allen, Margaret; Paisley, Fiona, eds. (2017). "Henry Polak: The
Cosmopolitan Life of a Jewish Theosophist, Friend of India and Anti-racist Campaigner".
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by
Reverend Bruce Wallace. He heard a talk by the Theosophist Annie Besant and readings on Tolstoy which influenced him. They also attended talks at the
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drafted in 1948. Polak had differences with Gandhi, and in later life they held more divergent views but continued to correspond with each other.
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but he was unable to afford studies there and after studying commerce for a while in
Switzerland he attended evening classes at the
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on the situation of
Indians in South Africa. Polak returned to England in 1916 and began to work with the British Committee of the
33:(1882 — 31 January 1959) was a British-born lawyer, journalist and activist in South Africa who worked in collaboration with
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in London. Here he met Millie Graham Downs, a
Christian social activist. She introduced him to lectures organized at the
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Polak first met
Mohandas Gandhi in 1904 at Ziegler's vegetarian restaurant in Johannesburg, then being an editor of the
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including ideas from
Tolstoy, John Ruskin, Emerson, Mazzini, and Thoreau. Polak gifted Gandhi a copy of John Ruskin's
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Cosmopolitan Lives on the Cusp of Empire. Interfaith, Cross-Cultural and
Transnational Networks, 1860–1950
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marrying a white woman like Millie. Gandhi later persuaded Polak to study law, and was
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Mahatma Gandhi and Millie Polak: A study of unique association by Prabha Ravi Shankar
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This article is about British humanist. For Dutch trade unionist and politician, see
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in the Jewish family of Joseph and Adele Solomon Pool. He received admission to the
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in 1904 which was to have a major influence. Polak published two books through
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Tilak and Gokhale: Revolution and Reform in the Making of Modern India
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against racial discrimination. He served as an editor for the journal
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132:. Extreme elements in the Indian National Congress like
203:(2 ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Mahatma Gandhi and The Polaks by Prabha Ravi Shankar
197:Gandhi, Mohandas (2009). Parel, Anthony J. (ed.).
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200:M.K. Gandhi: Hind Swaraj and other writings
112:range of writings to the audience of the
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236:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 37–60.
143:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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136:disliked Polak's management of the
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77:Southgate Road Brotherhood Church
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257:Gandhi and his Jewish friends
255:Chatterjee, Margaret (1992).
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259:. Macmillan. pp. 40–45.
209:10.1017/cbo9780511807268.031
162:Wolpert, Stanley A. (1961).
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81:South Place Ethical Society
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69:London School of Economics
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174:10.1525/9780520323414-009
126:Indian National Congress
31:Henry Salomon Leon Polak
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