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almost nine years after his capture. The people of Loyal Valley gathered to see the captive boy brought home. Upon his arrival, neither he nor his mother recognized one another. Lehmann had long believed his family dead, for the Apache had shown him proof during his time of transition to their way of life. It was his sister who found a scar on his arm, which had been caused by her when they were playing with a hatchet. His family surrounded him welcoming him home and the distant memories began to come back. Hearing someone repeat "Herman", he thought that sounded familiar and then realized it was his own name.
187:, on June 5, 1859, to German immigrants Ernst Moritz Lehmann and Augusta Johanna Adams Lehmann. He was a third child, following a brother Gustave Adolph, born in 1855, and a sister Wilhelmina, born in 1857. The Lehmanns had another son, William F., born in 1861. Augusta had three more daughters, Emeliyn, Caroline Wilhelmina and Mathilde, but their birth order is unclear, as is their patrilineage. Moritz Lehmann died in 1862, and Augusta married local stonemason Philip Buchmeier in 1863.
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tribe all day long then entered the camp just after dark. At first they were going to kill him, however, a young warrior approached him that spoke the Apache tongue. Lehmann then explained his situation—that he was born White adopted by the
Indians and that he left the Apaches after killing the medicine man. Another brave came forward verifying his story and he was welcomed to stay. He joined the Comanches who gave him a new name, Montechema (meaning unknown).
199:) captured Herman Lehmann, who was almost eleven, and his eight-year-old brother, Willie, while they were in the fields at their mother's request scaring birds from the wheat. Their two sisters escaped without injury. Four days later, the Apache raiding party encountered a patrol of ten African-American cavalrymen led by Sgt.
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Around the spring of 1876, Herman
Lehmann killed an Apache medicine man, avenging the killing of Carnoviste, his adoptive father. Fearing revenge, he fled from the Apaches and spent a year alone in hiding. He became lonely and decided to search for a Comanche tribe that he might join. He observed a
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At first, he was sullen and wanted nothing to do with his mother and siblings. As he put it, "I was an Indian, and I did not like them because they were palefaces." Lehmann's readjustment to his original culture was slow and painful. He rejected food offered, and was unaccustomed to sleeping in a
235:
The
Apaches called Lehmann "En Da" (Pale Boy). He spent about six years with them and became assimilated into their culture, rising to the position of petty chief. As a young warrior, one of his most memorable battles was a running fight with the Texas Rangers on August 24, 1875, which took place
317:
In April 1878, Lt. Col. John W. Davidson ordered that
Lehmann be sent under guard to his family in Texas. Five soldiers and a driver escorted Lehmann on a four-mule-drawn ambulance to Loyal Valley in Mason County, Texas. Lehmann arrived in Loyal Valley with an escort of soldiers on May 12, 1878,
336:
Throughout his life, Herman
Lehmann drifted between two very different cultures. Lehmann was a very popular figure in southwestern Oklahoma and the Texas Hill Country, appearing at county fairs and rodeos. To thrill audiences, such as he did in 1925 at the Old Settlers Reunion in
314:, the commanding officer of Fort Sill, whether there were any blue eyed boys on the reservation. He said yes; however, the description led them to believe that this was not her boy. Nevertheless, she requested that the boy be brought to her.
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Herman
Lehmann lived with Quanah Parker's family on the Kiowa-Comanche reservation in 1877–78. Several people took notice of the White boy living among the Native Americans. Lehmann's mother still searched for her son. She questioned
348:(1927, edited by J. Marvin Hunter) was at the request of Lehmann. He requested that this time the book be written just as he told it. It is one of the finest captivity narratives in American literature, according to
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A few months after
Lehmann's capture, the Apaches told Lehmann they had killed his entire family, depriving him of any incentive to attempt escape. The Apaches took Herman Lehmann to their village in eastern
812:(Coll. I Protagonisti, 10.) Milano: Daim Press; reprints: Cinisello Balsamo: Hobby & Work, 1994 (880715093X); Milano: Sergio Bonelli, 1994; Milano: Sergio Bonelli, le Storie CULT, 2024. - Comic version.
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to recover the two
Lehmann boys. In the short battle that followed, Willie Lehmann escaped, but the Apaches fled with young Herman. (Sergeant Stance became the first black regular to receive a
285:, who had successfully negotiated the surrender of the last fighting Comanches in 1875, was sent in search of the renegades. Herman Lehmann was among the group that Quanah found camped on the
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March 4, 1896 – Lehmann married Fannie Light. The couple had two sons (Henry and John) and three daughters (Amelia, May, and
Caroline). Although Lehmann deserted his second wife in
244:. Ranger James Gillett nearly shot Lehmann before he realized he was a white captive. When the Rangers tried to find Lehmann later, he escaped by crawling through the grass.
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Lehmann died on
February 2, 1932, in Loyal Valley, where he is buried next to his mother and stepfather in the cemetery next to the old Loyal Valley one-room school house.
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The German Element in Texas from 1820 to 1850 and historical sketches of the German Texas Singers' League and Houston Turnverein from 1853 to 1913, Houston 1913, 1st ed.
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passed through Loyal Valley on an inspection tour. Augusta Lehmann Buchmeier was granted a private audience with Sherman to plead for his assistance in finding her son.
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July 16, 1885 – Herman Lehmann married N.E. Burke. The marriage ended in divorce, with conflicting accounts of the cause.
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Herman Lehmann's first memoir, written with the assistance of Jonathan H. Jones, was published in 1899 under the title
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This article is about a white man captured by Native Americans in 1870. For the German-born British physician, see
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They left Texas and moved back to Indian Territory in 1900 to be close to his Apache and Comanche friends.
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A Condensed History of the Apache and Comanche Indian Tribes for Amusement and General Knowledge
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but returned to his Euro-American birth family later in life. He published his autobiography,
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in 1926, a divorce was never filed. Upon Lehmann's death, Fannie Light was his legal widow.
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and moved there in 1910. He later deeded some of the property over for a school.
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nation, one hundred and sixty acres of Oklahoma land. Lehmann chose a site near
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in eastern New Mexico. Quanah persuaded them to quit fighting and come to the
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Herman Lehmann's story also inspired Mason County native Fred Gipson's novel
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verifying Lehmann's life as his adopted son 1877–1878. On May 29, 1908, the
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The Captured: A True Story of Abduction by Indians on the Texas Frontier
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hunters on the high plains of Texas. Lehmann was wounded by hunters in
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for his bravery on this mission.) The kidnapping site was designated a
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Chevato: The Story of the Apache Warrior Who Captured Herman Lehmann
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On May 16, 1870, a raiding party of eight to ten Apaches (probably
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A Fate Worse Than Death: Indian Captivities in the West 1830-1885
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159:(June 5, 1859 – February 2, 1932) was captured as a child by
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In the spring of 1877, Lehmann and the Comanches attacked
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780:Lehmann, Herman (1993) . Hunter, J. Marvin (ed.).
844:Chebahtah, William; Minor, Nancy McGown (2007).
827:Life among the Texas Indians: The WPA Narratives
808:Albertarelli, Rino (& Sergio Toppi). (1975)
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406:to allot Lehmann, as an adopted member of the
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804:. Gillespie County Historical Society. 1960.
668:. William Nienke, Sam Morrow. Archived from
640:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 90.
510:. William Nienke, Sam Morrow. Archived from
16:White captive, adopted son of Quanah Parker
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783:Nine Years Among the Indians, 1870-1879
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404:United States Secretary of the Interior
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240:, about 65 miles west of the site of
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739:. Texas State Historical Association
574:The Buffalo Soldier Tragedy of 1877
297:, Indian Territory (in present-day
885:. Galveston Historical Foundation.
863:Michno, Susan and Gregory (2007).
810:Herman Lehmann - L'indiano blanco.
786:. University of New Mexico Press.
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936:Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks
921:American people of German descent
941:Native American history of Texas
931:German-American culture in Texas
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213:Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
916:People from Mason County, Texas
576:. TAMU Press. pp. 45–48.
215:in 1991, Marker number 11283.
1:
695:"Mason County Marriage Index"
572:Carlson, Paul Howard (2003).
281:In July 1877, Comanche chief
183:Herman Lehmann was born near
926:Captives of Native Americans
776:. Austin: The Encinco Press.
504:"Lehmann, Herman and Willie"
346:Nine Years Among the Indians
173:Nine Years Among the Indians
848:. Univ. of Nebraska Press.
163:. He lived first among the
957:
636:Baker, T. Lindsay (1991).
612:Chebahtah & Minor 2007
491:Chebahtah & Minor 2007
344:His second autobiography,
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230:General William T. Sherman
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248:Asylum with the Comanches
203:, who had been sent from
737:Handbook of Texas Online
666:Texas Historical Markers
508:Texas Historical Markers
825:La Vere, David (2005).
802:Pioneers in God's Hills
371:Personal life and death
883:"Immigration Database"
493:, pp. 81, 82, 91.
400:United States Congress
264:on the Indian camp at
140:1885 N.E. Burke (div.)
103:Montechena, Montechema
820:. St. Martin's Press.
816:Zesch, Scott (2004).
772:Greene, A. C. (1972)
305:Return and adjustment
219:Life with the Apaches
191:Kidnapping as a child
638:Ghost Towns of Texas
390:On August 26, 1901,
277:Buffalo Hunters' War
150:Five by Fannie Light
760:, pp. 239–241.
514:on 7 September 2011
266:Yellow House Canyon
72:Mason County, Texas
54:Loyal Valley, Texas
291:Indian reservation
874:978-0-87004-451-9
855:978-0-8032-1097-4
836:978-1-58544-528-8
647:978-0-8061-2189-5
562:, p. 144 ff.
550:, p. 106 ff.
394:provided a legal
312:Colonel Mackenzie
262:a surprise attack
242:San Angelo, Texas
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142:1896 Fannie Light
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867:. Caxton Press.
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624:Lehmann 1993
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443:Mary Jemison
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536:Michno 2007
476:Michno 2007
331:Indianology
287:Pecos River
238:Fort Concho
175:, in 1927.
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90:Nationality
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758:Zesch 2004
743:24 January
719:Zesch 2004
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676:23 January
518:23 January
464:References
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364:Old Yeller
358:Savage Sam
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226:New Mexico
179:Early life
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46:1859-06-05
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295:Fort Sill
137:Spouse(s)
126:Comanches
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