Here document - Knowledge (XXG)

1251:, but using single quotes doesn't, and using the tag without either behaves like double quotes. Using backticks as the delimiters around the tag runs the contents of the heredoc as a shell script. It is necessary to make sure that the end tag is at the beginning of the line or the tag will not be recognized by the interpreter. 3295:, any input line which does not begin with a $ symbol is implicitly treated as input to the preceding command - all lines which do not begin with $ are here-documents. The input is either passed to the program, or can be explicitly referenced by the logical name SYS$ INPUT (analogous to the Unix concept of 1745:

parse error will result at the last line of the script. However, from version 7.3, it is no longer required that the closing identifier be followed by a semicolon or newline. Additionally the closing identifier may be indented, in which case the indentation will be stripped from all lines in the doc string.

573:(a sequence treated as a unit by the shell, in this context generally a string literal). In this case the usual shell syntax is used for the word (“here string syntax”), with the only syntax being the redirection: a here string is an ordinary string used for input redirection, not a special kind of string. 1744:

In PHP versions prior to 7.3, the line containing the closing identifier must not contain any other characters, except an optional ending semicolon. Otherwise, it will not be considered to be a closing identifier, and PHP will continue looking for one. If a proper closing identifier is not found, a

3953:

In more detail, in bash: “all lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. In the latter case, the character sequence \newline is ignored, and ‘\’ must be used to quote the characters ‘\’, ‘$ ’, and ‘`’.”. Note that

219:), followed, starting on the next line, by the text to be quoted, and then closed by the same delimiting identifier on its own line. This syntax is because here documents are formally stream literals, and the content of the here document is often redirected to 340:

This can be disabled by quoting any part of the label, which is then ended by the unquoted value; the behavior is essentially identical to that if the contents were enclosed in single quotes. Thus for example by setting it in single quotes:

1634:. In PHP heredocs are not string literals. Heredoc text behaves just like a double-quoted string, but without the double quotes. For example, meaning `$ ` will be parsed as a variable start, and `$ {` or `{$ ` as a complex variable start. 1200:

in Ruby. As an inline file, these are semantically similar to here documents, though there can be only one per script. However, in these languages the term "here document" instead refers to multiline string literals, as discussed below.

1246:

In Perl there are several different ways to invoke here docs. The delimiters around the tag have the same effect within the here doc as they would in a regular string literal: For example, using double quotes around the tag allows

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does not have file literals, but provides equivalent functionality by combining string literals with a string-to-file function. R allows arbitrary whitespace, including newlines, in strings. A string then can be turned into a

2574:

In the first case, the lines of text follow and are combined into a pseudo file with the DD name SYSIN. All records following the command are combined until either another OS/JCL command occurs (any line beginning with

744:

The key difference from here documents is that, in here documents, the delimiters are on separate lines; the leading and trailing newlines are stripped. Unlike here documents, here strings do not use delimiters.

2923:(displayln @string-append{ This is a long string, very convenient when a long chunk of text is needed. No worries about escaping "quotes" or \escapes. It's also okay to have λ, γ, θ, ... Embed code: 3873: 1966:

As with Unix shells, Ruby also allows for the delimiting identifier not to start on the first column of a line, if the start of the here document is marked with the slightly different starter

3016:) on a line by itself, which terminates the string. All characters between the open and close delimiter are considered the string literal. Using a here-string with double quotes allows 391:) has the effect that leading tabs are ignored. This allows indenting here documents in shell scripts (primarily for alignment with existing indentation) without changing their value: 3343:) can be used to supply input to the preceding command. The input deck is ended either by the command $ EOD, or the character pattern specified by the /DOLLARS parameter to DECK. 3599: 303:

was used as the delimiting identifier. It specified the start and end of the here document. The redirect and the delimiting identifier do not need to be separated by a space:

257:

Narrowly speaking, here documents are file literals or stream literals. These originate in the Unix shell, though similar facilities are available in some other languages.

1188:

and the start of the data segment. Only the contents prior to this line are executed, and the contents of the source file after this line are available as a file object:

237:

Other languages often use substantially similar syntax, but details of syntax and actual functionality can vary significantly. When used simply for string literals, the

318:

By default, behavior is largely identical to the contents of double quotes: variable names are replaced by their values, commands within backticks are evaluated, etc.

3800: 3542: 2152:

supports multi-line strings as a "verbatim" string. They may be enclosed in 3 single (') or double (") quotation marks, the latter is shown in the examples below.

937:: the first notation creates a temporary file, the second notation creates (or overwrites) the file with the specified pathname. An inline file is terminated with 3983:. This perhaps surprising behavior is however easily implemented in a shell, by the tokenizer simply recording a token was quoted (during the evaluation phase of 2607:

sequence (such as comments in C or C++ source code). The following compiles and executes an assembly language program, supplied as in-line data to the assembler.

1792:

In PHP 5.3+ it is also possible to surround the tag with double quotes, which like Perl has the same effect as not surrounding the tag with anything at all.

2595:

the DLM= operand is used to specify the text string signalling end of data, which can be used if a data stream contains JCL (again, any line beginning with

1229:

in various programming languages, notably Perl (syntax influenced by Unix shell), and languages influenced by Perl, notably PHP and Ruby. The shell-style

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has no special meaning in a here document and does not need to be escaped, unlike in a double-quoted string; otherwise they are essentially identical.

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No escape sequences are recognized between the starting and terminating lines; all characters are included in the string (and terminator) literally.

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Note that the here doc does not start at the tag—but rather starts on the next line. So the statement containing the tag continues on after the tag.

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occur in a here document with double-quoted delimiter. Single- and double-quoted delimiters are distinguished in some other languages, notably

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line and a line whose only content is the specified terminator. More precisely, the content of the string starts after a newline following

271:

command (transliterating lower to upper-case) using a here document. This could be in a shell file, or entered interactively at a prompt.

1748:

In PHP 5.3 and later, like Perl, it is possible to not interpolate variables by surrounding the tag with single quotes; this is called a

3919: 3254:>> $ marty : Wait a minute. Wait a minute. Doc... Are you telling me that it's $ (($ time + $ diff).ToShortTimeString())? 3199:>> $ marty : Wait a minute. Wait a minute. Doc... Are you telling me that it's $ (($ time + $ diff).ToShortTimeString())? 4153: 3595: 3673: 4042: 3621: 2984:

An @-expression is not specific nor restricted to strings, it is a syntax form that can be composed with the rest of the language.

810:

however here strings are particularly useful when the last command needs to run in the current process, as is the case with the

4148: 3275:$ marty : Wait a minute. Wait a minute. Doc... Are you telling me that it's $ (($ time + $ diff).ToShortTimeString())? 3898: 2717:

followed by characters that define a terminator for the string. The content of the string includes all characters between the

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Additionally, the DECK command, initially intended for punched card support (hence its name: it signified the beginning of a

63: 3125:

Here is an example that demonstrates variable interpolation and statement execution using a here-string with double quotes:

3571: 4109: 2706: 2149: 166: 4097: 4082: 3538: 170: 150: 3997:

as the ending delimiter, which is similar to a multiline string literal but stripping starting and ending linebreaks.

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function. For example, the following turns a data table embedded in the source code into a data-frame variable:

750: 3292: 2433: 2281: 1079: 241:

does not indicate indirection, but is simply a starting delimiter convention. In some languages, such as Ruby,

3251:>> $ doc : Perfect! My experiment worked! They're all exactly $ ($ diff.Minutes) minutes slow. 3196:>> $ doc : Perfect! My experiment worked! They're all exactly $ ($ diff.Minutes) minutes slow. 2532:

operating systems, data which is inline to a job stream can be identified by an * on a DD statement, such as

4006:

Note that while tabs can typically be entered in editors, at the command line they are typically entered by

227: 3021: 3017: 2838:

In the next line comes the terminator. It can contain any Unicode symbol as well, even spaces and smileys!

2813:

In the next line comes the terminator. It can contain any Unicode symbol as well, even spaces and smileys!

1602:

In addition to these strings, Perl also features file literals, namely the contents of the file following

185: 82:

that use similar syntax, preserving line breaks and other whitespace (including indentation) in the text.

2011:

Ruby expands on this by providing the "<<~" syntax for omitting indentation on the here document:

1970:. Besides, Ruby treats here documents as a double-quoted string, and as such, it is possible to use the 4052: 3645: 3738: 748:

Here strings are particularly useful for commands that often take short input, such as the calculator

4064: 3694: 3354:

Would produce the following output (presuming ADD_SUMS was written to read the values and add them):

2521: 2436:

has support for here document-style strings using the 'q' prefix character. These strings begin with

1248: 189: 158: 3272:$ doc : Perfect! My experiment worked! They're all exactly $ ($ diff.Minutes) minutes slow. 3423: 511:

ECHO BUT BECAUSE THE LINE WITH THE DELIMITING IDENTIFIER BEGAN WITH A TAB IT WAS NOT RECOGNIZED AND

181: 138: 265:

Here documents are available in many Unix shells. In the following example, text is passed to the

3051:

In the following PowerShell code, text is passed to a function using a here-string. The function

2591:) is found, or the physical end of data occurs. In the second case, the conditions are the same, 775:

Note that here string behavior can also be accomplished (reversing the order) via piping and the

3220:

Marty McFly : Wait a minute. Wait a minute. Doc... Are you telling me that it's 08:25?

3217:

Dr. Emmett Brown : Perfect! My experiment worked! They're all exactly 25 minutes slow.

2508:

D also supports a few quoting delimiters, with similar syntax, with such strings starting with

3771: 552: 122: 3923: 3984: 3296: 1521:

The tag itself may contain whitespace, which may allow heredocs to be used without breaking

2180:

From Python 3.6 onwards, verbatim f-strings support variable and expression interpolation.

4113: 4101: 4086: 4071: 4059: 4046: 3701: 3516: 1210: 1084: 3669: 1974:

construct to interpolate code. The following example illustrates both of these features:

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to run in a subprocess, and as such cannot affect the environment of the parent process.

4039: 3625: 925: 4021: 2339:, C++ supports string literals with custom delimiter ("my_delimiter" in this example): 1226: 777: 79: 3422:

YAML primarily relies on whitespace indentation for structure, making it resistant to

180:

Here documents can be treated either as files or strings. Some shells treat them as a

4142: 2129:

As with Perl, Ruby features file literals, namely the contents of the file following

75: 3971:

is used, this is quoted, so variable interpolation does not occur, and it ends with

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followed immediately by a newline (for an arbitrary identifier IDENT), and end with

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for input redirection, so redirecting to a file from a here document involves using

364:

Double quotes may also be used, but this is subject to confusion, because expansion

4132: 3894: 3340: 2138: 1619: 1522: 1185: 1173: 90: 67: 4094: 4024:, and in the example they are actual tabs, so the example can be copy and pasted. 3231:

Using a here-string with single quotes instead, the output would look like this:

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being used twice if one wishes to redirect from a here document string literal.

71: 4106: 3563: 1114:

Arkansas 2110 3378 1.9 70.66 10.1 39.9 65"

1102:"State Population Income Illiteracy Life.Exp Murder HS.Grad Frost 461:

butbecausethelinewiththedelimitingIdentifierbeganwithaTABitwasNOTrecognizedand

223:(standard input) of the preceding command or current shell script/executable. 4079: 3845: 2993: 208: 162: 154: 86: 1513:"This is the beginning:\nthis is the middle\nAnd now it is over!\n" 1172:

Perl and Ruby have a form of file literal, which can be considered a form of

917: 556: 484:

THIS LINE BEGINS WITH A SINGLE TAB CHARACTER I.E 0X09 AS DOES THE NEXT LINE

415:

This line begins with a single TAB character i.e 0x09 as does the next line

266: 205: 114: 31: 1876:

in a here document does not indicate input redirection, but Ruby also uses

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on a line by itself, optionally followed by the (case-insensitive) keyword

502:

THIS LINE BEGINS WITH A SINGLE TAB CHARACTER I.E 0X09 AS DOES THE NEXT LINE

449:

This line begins with a single TAB character i.e 0x09 as does the next line

27:

Section of a source code file that is treated as if it were a separate file

2843:

Here strings can be used normally in contexts where normal strings would:

1800:

The following Ruby code displays a grocery list by using a here document.

200:

The most common syntax for here documents, originating in Unix shells, is

145:(syntax inspired by Unix shell) and languages influenced by Perl, such as 137:), among others. Here document-style string literals are found in various 3426:

and capable representing multi-line strings with folded string literals:

2059:

Like Perl, Ruby allows for starting multiple here documents in one line:

1739:

Hey Joe Smith! You can actually assign the heredoc section to a variable!

1111:

Arizona 2212 4530 1.8 70.55 7.8 58.1 15

1108:

Alaska 365 6315 1.5 69.31 11.3 66.7 152

1105:

Alabama 3615 3624 2.1 69.05 15.1 41.3 20

4128: 3364:

Example of using DECK /DOLLARS to create one command file from another:

2512:

or similarly for other delimiter character (any of () <> {} or ).

2336: 2330: 1233:

syntax is often retained, despite not being used for input redirection.

376:(see below), where behavior parallels the corresponding string quoting. 3248:>> $ marty : Yeah! Uh, it's $ ($ time.Hour) o'clock! 3193:>> $ marty : Yeah! Uh, it's $ ($ time.Hour) o'clock! 2277: 499:

A SINGLE SPACE CHARACTER (I.E. 0X20 ) IS AT THE BEGINNING OF THIS LINE

481:

A SINGLE SPACE CHARACTER (I.E. 0X20 ) IS AT THE BEGINNING OF THIS LINE

446:

A single space character (i.e. 0x20 ) is at the beginning of this line

412:

A single space character (i.e. 0x20 ) is at the beginning of this line

130: 98: 17: 3713: 1702:

Hey $ name! You can actually assign the heredoc section to a variable!

2424:

Start of string. New line slash \ quote " ' parens ) ( End of string

1225:

The term "here document" or "here string" is also used for multiline

226:

The here document syntax is analogous to the shell syntax for input

2725:, and it ends before a newline that is followed by the terminator. 703:

Note that leading and trailing newlines, if present, are included:

3511: 1553:

Although since Perl version 5.26, heredocs can include indention:

920: 220: 3000:. A here-string is a string which starts with an open delimiter ( 3739:"Perl5260delta - what is new for perl v5.26.0 - Perldoc Browser" 2529: 2039:

The common indentation of two spaces is omitted from all lines:

142: 106: 3821: 3302:

For instance, explicitly referencing the input as SYS$ INPUT:

3269:$ marty : Yeah! Uh, it's $ ($ time.Hour) o'clock! 2525: 1733:

For more information talk to Joe Smith, your local Programmer.

560: 174: 146: 1678:

For more information talk to $ name, your local $ occupation.

1610:) on a line by itself. This is accessible as the file object 1558:#prints "Hello there\n" with no leading whitespace. 531:> A single tab character is at the beginning of this line. 3488:<blockquote style="font: italic 12pt Times"> 2905:

An interesting alternative is to use the language extension

1433:

It is possible to start multiple heredocs on the same line:

2133:

on a line by itself. This is accessible as the file object

2003:

It's #{now.hour} o'clock John, where are your kids?

904:

This happens because in the previous example piping causes

4135:

task with examples of here documents in over 15 languages.

3987:), without needing to preserve the original, quoted value. 3036:). You can execute a set of statements by putting them in 3763: 3350:$ RUN ADD_SUMS.EXE $ DECK $ 13.53 $ 3.33 $ 2.33 $ EOD 1213:, all major web browsers understand URIs that start with 3260:>> $ marty : Damn! I'm late for school! 3205:>> $ marty : Damn! I'm late for school! 245:

is also used for input redirection, thus resulting in

234:

followed by the name of the file to be used as input.

3539:"Here-Document description in the POSIX/SUS standard" 1393:

And an example with backticks (may not be portable):

949:

to indicate whether the created file should be kept.

3214:

Marty McFly : Yeah! Uh, it's 8 o'clock!

600:

In case of a string with spaces, it must be quoted:

3346:Example of a program totalling up monetary values: 3211:

Dr. Emmett Brown : Are those my clocks I hear?

2924: 2912: 2693: 2692:Indicating s stream of data follows, terminated by 2687: 2672: 2602: 2596: 2586: 2576: 2548: 2533: 2377:

slash \ quote " ' parens ) ( End of string

564: 388: 384: 311: 305: 3245:>> $ doc : Are those my clocks I hear? 3226:Marty McFly : Damn! I'm late for school! 3190:>> $ doc : Are those my clocks I hear? 2897:Thanks for the insightful conversation yesterday. 3491:"Three is always greater than two, 383:but not csh/tcsh, appending a minus sign to the 78:. The term is also used for a form of multiline 1775:I wish you to leave Sunnydale and never return. 1382:I wish you to leave Sunnydale and never return. 1360:I wish you to leave Sunnydale and never return. 1329:I wish you to leave Sunnydale and never return. 1307:I wish you to leave Sunnydale and never return. 74:file that is treated as if it were a separate 3281:$ marty : Damn! I'm late for school! 3163:'Friday, October 25, 1985 8:00:00 AM' 2909:to write @-expressions. They look like this: 177:have other facilities for multiline strings. 8: 3494:even for large values of two" 670:Multiline strings are acceptable, yielding: 508:ECHO THE INTENDED END WAS BEFORE THIS LINE, 353:> \$ Working dir "$ PWD" `pwd` 327:> \$ Working dir "$ PWD" `pwd` 2686:statement is the functional equivalent of 3398:This is an example of using DECK to create 2866:Thanks for the insightful conversation ~a. 2166:Customer: Not much of a cheese shop is it? 1630:In PHP, here documents are referred to as 563:) is syntactically similar, consisting of 368:occur in a double-quoted string, but does 3401:a command file from within a command file 2169:Shopkeeper: Finest in the district , sir. 1176:. In these languages, including the line 514:ECHO THE TR COMMAND CONTINUED PROCESSING. 4016: 4012: 4008: 3846:"Text Blocks (JEP 378) - javaalmanac.io" 3590: 3588: 3476:HTML goes into YAML without modification 3266:$ doc : Are those my clocks I hear? 2973:"quotes" or \escapes. It's 2835:So things like λ, ☠, α, β, are all fine. 2810:So things like λ, ☠, α, β, are all fine. 2276:Text blocks are supported starting with 3946: 3533: 3531: 3527: 2770:This is a simple here string in Racket. 2745:This is a simple here string in Racket. 1340:Here is an example with single quotes: 1257:Here is an example with double quotes: 569:, and effects input redirection from a 359:\$ Working dir "$ PWD" `pwd` 161:, a feature added in its 6th revision ( 3979:is used, this is quoted and ends with 1184:(Ruby, old Perl) marks the end of the 519:Another use is to output to a file: 165:). Other high-level languages such as 3870:"Here string in Racket Documentation" 3658:Using variables inside a bash heredoc 487:The intended end was before this line 157:also supports this functionality via 7: 3993:as the starting delimiter, and thus 2996:, here documents are referred to as 2829:This string spans for multiple lines 2804:This string spans for multiple lines 1271:"Buffy the Vampire Slayer" 923:, here documents are referred to as 3967:“Quoting” includes escaping, so if 3497:--Author Unknown 3024:occurs with simple variables (e.g. 3008:) and ends with a close delimiter ( 2832:and can contain any Unicode symbol. 2807:and can contain any Unicode symbol. 3895:"@ Syntax in Racket Documentation" 3334:to the screen by the TYPE command. 3317:to the screen by the TYPE command. 3223:Dr. Emmett Brown : Precisely. 2801:#<<A here string in Racket ☺ 2051:This line is indented four spaces. 2028:This line is indented four spaces. 576:A single word need not be quoted: 528:> 3 spaces precede this text. 490:and these were not processed by tr 25: 3331:This text will be directly echoed 3314:This text will be directly echoed 2054:This line is indented six spaces. 2048:This line is indented two spaces. 2031:This line is indented six spaces. 2025:This line is indented two spaces. 1618:, and can be viewed as a form of 929:. Inline files are referenced as 457:Theintendedendwasbeforethisline, 3257:>> $ doc : Precisely. 3202:>> $ doc : Precisely. 2331:C++11 § New string literals 1453:"this is the middle\n" 526:cat<<EOF>~/testFile001 423:Theintendedendwasbeforethisline 85:Here documents originate in the 3901:from the original on 2012-01-22 3876:from the original on 2011-09-03 3803:from the original on 2012-07-03 3774:from the original on 2012-07-12 3745:from the original on 2024-05-13 3720:from the original on 2012-07-17 3714:"Perl operators and precedence" 3676:from the original on 2017-12-23 3602:from the original on 2019-07-01 3574:from the original on 2020-06-29 3545:from the original on 2014-04-27 3020:, using single quotes doesn't. 2307:Hello, world 2137:and can be viewed as a form of 626:This could also be written as: 3622:"Shell Here Document Overview" 3564:"Here document - Rosetta Code" 3287:DIGITAL Command Language (DCL) 2976:also okay to have λ, γ, θ, ... 2106:# this equals this expression: 534:>Nothing precedes this text 70:literal: it is a section of a 1: 4080:Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide 427:andthesewerenotprocessedbytr 3670:"perldata: Special Literals" 3046:$ (Get-Process | Out-String) 2112:"This is the beginning: 2076:"<--- middle ---> 1884:twice, in different senses: 1249:variables to be interpolated 1053:3 command3<<filename3 1020:2 command2<<filename2 3920:"HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary" 3624:. hccfl.edu. Archived from 3018:variables to be interpreted 4170: 4095:Chapter 19. Here Documents 3989:One application is to use 3145:'Dr. Emmett Brown' 2524:(JCL) used on its earlier 2328: 1730:This is a heredoc section. 1675:This is a heredoc section. 4154:String (computer science) 2970:No worries about escaping 2816:A here string in Racket ☺ 2374:Start of string. New line 2124:And now it is over!" 1221:Multiline string literals 373: 143:Perl programming language 3428: 3413:!othercommandsfollow... 3366: 3356: 3348: 3328: 3304: 3233: 3127: 3057: 2955: 2891: 2845: 2826: 2786: 2767: 2727: 2609: 2446: 2444:at the start of a line. 2341: 2286: 2215:Customer: Not much of a 2182: 2154: 2061: 2046:rubyindented-heredoc.rb 2041: 2013: 1976: 1901:"grocery-list" 1886: 1842: 1802: 1754: 1727: 1636: 1555: 1527: 1504:# this is equivalent to: 1435: 1395: 1376: 1342: 1335:Buffy the Vampire Slayer 1323: 1259: 1209:As further explained in 1093: 951: 862: 818: 783: 756: 705: 672: 628: 602: 578: 521: 475: 396: 343: 320: 315:both work equally well. 295:ONETWOTHREE FOURFIVESIX 273: 3793:"PHP: Strings - Manual" 3764:"Heredoc in PHP manual" 3278:$ doc : Precisely. 3111:>> eins zwei drei 3055:is defined as follows: 875:'one two three' 827:'one two three' 792:'one two three' 640:'one two three' 618:'one two three' 478:HERE DOC WITH <<- 409:Here doc with <<- 89:, and are found in the 4149:Programming constructs 3822:"JEP 378: Text Blocks" 3596:"Darwin tcsh man page" 3464:"2007-06-01" 3108:>> one two three 3022:Variable interpolation 2961:very convenient when a 2958:This is a long string, 2260:in the district , sir. 2118:<--- middle ---> 2094:This is the beginning: 1660:"Programmer" 860:yields nothing, while 496:HERE DOC WITH << 443:Here doc with << 334:"/home/user" 4040:Bash Reference Manual 3151:'Marty McFly' 2964:long chunk of text is 2878:"yesterday" 2624:'ALEX HARRIS' 1648:"Joe Smith" 1401:$ shell_script_stdout 469:continuedprocessing. 394:A script containing: 186:variable substitution 4053:3.6.6 Here Documents 3646:3.6.6 Here Documents 2522:Job Control Language 1847:rubygrocery-list.rb 192:inside the literal. 190:command substitution 139:high-level languages 3500:</blockquote> 3424:delimiter collision 3099:ConvertTo-UpperCase 3066:ConvertTo-UpperCase 3053:ConvertTo-UpperCase 2742:#<<HERESTRING 2432:Since version 2.0, 2100:And now it is over! 987:1 command1<< 962:0 command0<< 692:> two three' 4112:2018-02-07 at the 4107:19.1. Here Strings 4100:2013-08-28 at the 4085:2013-08-14 at the 4070:2018-07-14 at the 4065:3.6.7 Here Strings 4058:2018-07-14 at the 4045:2018-07-14 at the 3700:2017-07-11 at the 3322:!othercommands... 2988:Windows PowerShell 2316:""" 2298:""" 2263:""" 2212:""" 2200:"finest" 2191:"CHEESE" 2172:""" 2163:""" 1217:as here document. 406:<<- END_TEXT 290:> four five six 287:> one two three 184:literal, allowing 123:Bourne Again Shell 2932:number->string 2875:"Isaac" 1946:2. Strawberries.* 1858:2. Strawberries.* 1823:2. Strawberries.* 1772:Dear $ recipient, 1763:<<<' 1379:Dear $ recipient, 1357:Dear $ recipient, 1304:Dear $ recipient, 1286:"Spike" 440:<< END_TEXT 159:template literals 16:(Redirected from 4161: 4025: 4020:instead, due to 4019: 4004: 3998: 3996: 3992: 3985:lexical analysis 3982: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3965: 3959: 3957: 3951: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3931: 3922:. 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1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1846: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1643: 1640: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1327: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1232: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1183: 1179: 1163: 1160: 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