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499:, a bill to expand its compulsory education was passed in September 2012. Prior to this reform, North Korea had eleven years of free education system which consisted of one year of kindergarten, four years of elementary school and six years of secondary school prior to college. After reform, the system compromises one year of kindergarten, five years of primary school, three years of lower secondary school, and three years of upper secondary school now, it resembles education system in
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Foreign students seeking to undertake postgraduate studies at Kim Il Sung
University are required to provide their birth certificate, a letter of intent, their undergraduate certificate(s), a police certificate stating that the applicant does not have a criminal record in their home country, medical
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The idea of social education is to provide a carefully controlled environment in which children are insulated from unplanned influences. According to a North Korean official interviewed in 1990, "School education is not enough to turn the rising generation into men of knowledge, virtue, and physical
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In 1959 "state-financed universal education" was introduced in all schools; not only instruction and educational facilities, but also textbooks, uniforms, and room and board are provided to students without charge. By 1967 nine years of education became compulsory. In 1975 the compulsory eleven-year
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Adult education institutions in the early 1990s included "factory colleges", which teach workers new skills and techniques without forcing them to quit their jobs. Students work part-time, study in the evening, or take short intensive courses, leaving their workplaces for only a month or so. There
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International students at Kim Il Sung
University live alongside specially trained and vetted local students called tongsuksaeng, who are ostensibly there to act as hosts and to teach the Korean language and culture, but in reality served to spy on the international students, through going through
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In addition, the
Pyongyang Business School (평양국제경영학교) offers short courses given by foreign lecturers. It was founded by the Swiss government and helps teach students business management. Another economic educational institution is the Centre for the Study of the Capitalist System, established in
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graduated from, institutions of higher education in 1987–88. In 1988 the regime surpassed its target of producing "an army of 1.3 million intellectuals," graduates of higher education, a major step in the direction of achieving the often-stated goal of "intellectualization of the whole society."
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was established. According to North Korean sources, at the time of North Korea's establishment, two-thirds of school-age children did not attend primary school, and most adults, numbering 2.3 million, were illiterate. In 1950, primary education became compulsory for children. The outbreak of the
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Institutions of higher education include colleges and universities; teachers' training colleges, with a four-year course for preparing kindergarten, primary, and secondary instructors; colleges of advanced technology with two or three-year courses; medical schools with six-year courses; special
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There are cultural facilities such as libraries and museums, monuments and historical sites of the Korean revolution, and mass media dedicated to serving the goals of social education. Huge, lavishly appointed "schoolchildren's palaces" with gymnasiums and theaters have been built in
Pyongyang,
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In the early 1990s, people in rural areas were organized into "five-family teams." These teams have educational and surveillance functions; the teams are the responsibility of a schoolteacher or other intellectual, each one being in charge of several such teams. Office and factory workers have
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Compared to foreign tourists, international students in North Korea, while still under state control, are granted opportunities allowing them to experience the country more comprehensively, such as freedom of movement within the city without being accompanied by minders, and the chance to live
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In 1987 there were 220,000 students attending two- or three-year higher specialized schools and 301,000 students attending four- to six-year colleges and university courses. According to
Eberstadt and Banister, 13.7 percent of the population sixteen years of age or older was attending, or had
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In the mid-1980s, there were 9,530 primary and secondary schools. After graduating from people's school, students enter either a regular secondary school or a special secondary school that concentrates on music, art, or foreign languages. These schools teach both their specialties and general
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In the early 1990s, the compulsory primary and secondary education system was divided into one year of kindergarten, four years of primary school (people's school) for ages six to nine, and six years of senior middle school (secondary school) for ages ten to fifteen. There are two years of
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grades, although political criteria are also major factors in selection. A person wishing to gain acceptance to any institution of higher education has to be nominated by the local "college recommendation committee" before approval by county- and provincial-level committees.
913:. For workers and peasants who are unable to receive regular school education, there are "laborers' schools" and "laborers' senior middle schools," although in the early 1990s these had become less important with the introduction of compulsory eleven-year education.
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As of 2018, there were 11 medical schools in North Korea, including 10 private medical universities and 1 military medical university. Medical education is conducted over the course of six years following high school and consists of both conventional medicine and
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countries in
Pyongyang, universal, compulsory higher education was to be introduced "in the near future." At that time, students had no school expenses; the state paid for the education of almost half of at the time North Korea's population of 18.9 million.
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does not report any data for North Korea's literacy rates. Children in the DPRK go through one year of kindergarten, five years of primary education, and six years of secondary education, after which it is possible to attend university or technical college.
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Because of the emphasis on the continued education of all members of society, adult or work-study education is actively supported. Practically everyone in the country participates in some educational activity, usually in the form of "small study groups."
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Outside the formal structure of schools and classrooms is "social education." This education includes extracurricular activities, family life, and the range of human relationships in North Korean society. Attention is paid to the influence of the
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records certifying the applicant had a recent health examination, details of their financial background to show how they will be financing their education in North Korea, as well as a letter vouching for the applicant's Korean language ability.
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589:, and other sites. The palaces provide political lectures and seminars, debating contests, poetry recitals, and scientific forums. The Students' and Children's Palace in Pyongyang attracted some 10,000 children daily in the early 1990s.
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alongside local students. Unlike foreign tourists, international students are permitted to take the subway and taxis without guides or interpreters and are able to use the internet, providing they have access to foreign web sites.
810:. In recent years there have been more Europeans due to a US travel ban. The purpose of the university is to provide quality education with an international perspective. All teaching staff are foreign professors who teach in
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In the 1950s, owing to the destruction of schools in the DPRK during the Korean War, thousands of DPRK elementary school, high school, and university students were sent to study in
Eastern Bloc nations in Europe. After the
656:. Its enrollment of 16,000 full- and part-time students in the early 1990s occupies, in the words of one observer, the "pinnacle of the North Korean educational and social system." Competition for admission is intense.
463:, however, delayed attainment of this goal; universal primary education was not achieved until 1956. By 1958 North Korean sources claimed that seven-year compulsory primary and secondary education had been implemented.
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In senior middle schools, politically oriented subjects, including the "Great Kim Il-sung" and "Communist
Morality" as well as "Communist Party Policy," comprise 5.8 percent of instruction.
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581:. In students' and schoolchildren's halls and palaces, managed by the youth league central committee, young people participate in many extracurricular activities after school.
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established an educational system with two goals: to give
Koreans a minimal education designed to train them for roles in a modern economy and make them loyal subjects of the
794:(PUST), which opened in 2010, is the country's only privately funded university. It is a joint venture institute of higher learning, founded, funded and operated by mostly
731:. There are about 3,000 faculty members, including teaching and research staff. All facilities are located on a modern, high-rise campus in the northern part of Pyongyang.
865:, there were estimated to be about 100 foreign students at Kim Il Sung University and 100 at the Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, the majority of whom were Chinese.
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was established in Seoul in 1923, but the number of
Koreans allowed to study there never exceeded 40 percent of its enrollment; the rest of its students were Japanese.
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327:(UNESCO) reported that North Korea had 35,000 preprimary, 60,000 primary, 111,000 secondary, 23,000 college and university, and 4,000 other postsecondary teachers.
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scholar who visited the university in the early 1980s, only one student is admitted out of every five or six applicants. An important criterion for admission is
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education and ten years of primary and secondary education, was implemented; that system remains in effect as of 1993. According to a 1983 speech given by
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subjects in the provinces as well as in four central secondary schools in the capital. There was no state-supported system of primary education.
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colleges for science and engineering, art, music, and foreign languages; and military colleges and academies. Kim Il Sung's report to the
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is an important special school where modern training in economics and computers is stressed as is the Kang Pan-sok Revolutionary School.
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fitness. After school, our children have many spare hours. So it's important to efficiently organize their afterschool education."
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During the 15th century, state-supported schools declined in quality and were supplanted in importance by private academies, the
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in October 1980 revealed that there were 170 "higher learning institutions" and 480 "higher specialized schools" that year.
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The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw major educational changes. The seewan were abolished by the central government.
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The remote universities obtained media attention while encrypting lesson plans and communicating them by a method of a
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are also "farm colleges", where rural workers can study to become engineers and assistant engineers, and a system of
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North Korea compares its system of education to the ideal standards espoused by international guidelines such as the
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advocated that North Korea should expand its compulsory education from 11 years to 12 years. According to the state
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caused the government to become concerned about the possibility of a similar popular uprising in North Korea.
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kindergarten, for children aged four to six, only the second year (upper level kindergarten) is compulsory.
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1743:"Inside North Korea: What life for a rare foreign student in Pyongyang reveals about the reclusive country"
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The Japanese invested more resources in the latter, and opportunities for Koreans were severely limited. A
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missionaries as a primary school in Seoul in 1886. During the last years of the dynasty, as many as 3,000
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established modern schools that taught Western curricula. Among them was the first school for women,
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471:, the DPRK government repatriated all students, but continued sending students to the USSR.
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1717:"Twitter and Cocoa Puffs: The surprising life of a student at North Korea's top university"
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where the children of the North Korean elite are prepared for service as officers in the
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1691:"'You think Trump will save you?': my nine days detained by North Korea's secret police"
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two-hour "study sessions" after work each day on both political and technical subjects.
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From North Korea to Budapest: North Korean students in the Hungarian revolution in 1956
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Yu, Woo-ik; Lee, Jung Ha; Lee, Chan; Hahn, Bae-ho; Lew, Young Ick (26 August 2010).
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in North Korea. Their programs target North Koreans under the age of 40 and combine
1375:"Pyongyang university needs non-U.S. teachers as travel ban leaves staff shortages"
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that taught modern subjects to both sexes were founded by missionaries and others.
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1537:"North Korea's radio broadcast of string of mysterious numbers is possible code"
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classes. In 2019 it had 638 enrolled undergraduate and postgraduate students.
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on the growing child and its role in the development of his or her character.
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in Seoul, provided other opportunities for Koreans desiring higher education.
1208:"Kim Jong-un stresses economic education for students of prestigious schools"
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Fourth ed. Washington: Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress.
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1665:"I'm the only Australian living in North Korea. Let me tell you about it"
1619:"Sojourn in Paradise: The Experiences of Foreign Students in North Korea"
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1769:"Kim Il-sung University sets new procedures for international students"
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In July 2011, all universities in North Korea were closed after the
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of both traditional Korea and contemporary North Korea. During the
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revival in the 16th century. Higher education was provided by the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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graduate students, also runs consulting and training programs in
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A computer class at a school. The computer shown here is running
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
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materials and on-site lectures to deliver year-round training.
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Formal education has played a central role in the social and
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Pyongyang University of Science and Technology website
1234:"Kim Jong-un Stresses Computer and Military Education"
254:
Education in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
1123:. Macmillan Reference USA. 2001–2006. Archived from
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International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
2183:
2143:
1885:
611:
Sixth Party Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea
282:
272:
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100:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1496:The Impossible State: North Korea, Past and Future
1437:"Graduates prove N Korea is now open for business"
1406:"The long road to higher education in North Korea"
780:and economics with Kim Il Sung-university and the
1499:. Internet Archive. New York: Ecco. p. 431.
1330:"Kim Chaek University of Technology | Facilities"
390:and were preparing for the highest examinations.
1462:"NK Showing Increased Interest in Foreign Trade"
1264:"North Korea: Education Revolution In Progress"
873:their belongings and tracking their movements.
792:Pyongyang University of Science and Technology
296:Mangyondae Schoolchildrens Palace in Pyongyang
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363:established a system of schools that taught
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63:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1090:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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201:. Please do not remove this message until
454:, an education system modeled largely on
239:Learn how and when to remove this message
221:Learn how and when to remove this message
160:Learn how and when to remove this message
1834:) is being considered for deletion. See
1623:The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology
986:, see p. 7 for Education and Literacy (
382:, the Confucian national university, in
197:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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756:, a non-profit organization founded by
744:Pyongyang University of Foreign Studies
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343:as they practice for a torch march on
252:
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1474:from the original on 12 February 2010
1055:Savada, Andreas Matles, ed. (1994). "
748:Kim Hyong Jik University of Education
598:Convention on the Rights of the Child
7:
1814:North Korean High School Girls Video
1310:from the original on 13 January 2011
1293:
1291:
1276:from the original on 12 January 2012
1214:from the original on 10 January 2016
98:adding citations to reliable sources
1404:Tollefson, Jeff (3 February 2010).
1362:from the original on 28 April 2010.
734:Other notable universities include
627:List of universities in North Korea
522:Mangyongdae Revolutionary Institute
1593:"Inside a North Korean University"
1373:Kim, Christine (25 October 2017).
1336:from the original on 24 April 2014
1183:"Compulsory Education in N. Korea"
736:Kim Chaek University of Technology
25:
1838:to help reach a consensus. ›
984:Library of Congress country study
44:This article has multiple issues.
2238:
2229:
2228:
1741:Haddou, Rashid; Winsor, Morgan.
1435:Fifield, Anna (18 August 2005).
1244:from the original on 9 July 2013
1117:"North Korea—Education System".
1044:
937:
923:
575:Socialist Patriotic Youth League
339:Children make the emblem of the
176:
74:
33:
1749:. American Broadcasting Company
1617:Sigley, Alek (11 August 2021).
511:Primary and secondary education
317:UNESCO Institute for Statistics
85:needs additional citations for
52:or discuss these issues on the
18:Higher education in North Korea
2196:British Indian Ocean Territory
1663:Sigley, Alek (31 March 2019).
1:
1635:10.1080/14442213.2021.1952299
1591:Lau, Joyce (27 August 2021).
1566:"북한 의사인력 양성 의대 11곳·고교 졸업후 6년"
740:University of Natural Science
566:Theses on Socialist Education
1153:. Seoul, Korea: Jimoondang.
1057:North Korea: A Country Study
958:Membership Training in Korea
469:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
1689:Sigley, Alek (April 2020).
1210:. Yonhap. 15 October 2012.
1120:Encyclopedia of Modern Asia
953:Pyongyang Foreigners School
851:traditional Korean medicine
450:After the establishment of
414:Japan annexed Korea in 1910
203:conditions to do so are met
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891:Grand People's Study House
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497:Korean Central News Agency
483:to education ministers of
401:, established by American
388:civil-service examinations
309:universal and state-funded
109:"Education in North Korea"
2224:
1135:– via BookRags.com.
1067:Federal Research Division
671:Kim Il Sung University's
437:Tokyo Imperial University
258:
2265:Education in North Korea
1945:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
1841:Education in North Korea
1836:templates for discussion
1412:. Nature. Archived from
456:that of the Soviet Union
445:Chosun Christian College
2206:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1803:Choson Exchange website
1493:Cha, Victor D. (2013).
1304:Encyclopedia Britannica
990:20 October 2013 at the
889:English lecture at the
571:Korean Children's Union
399:Ehwa Woman's University
341:Workers' Party of Korea
1808:Schools in North Korea
911:correspondence courses
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857:International students
814:, other than specific
796:Evangelical Christians
782:State Development Bank
642:Kim Il Sung University
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636:Kim Il Sung University
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395:Christian missionaries
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1332:. NTI. 26 June 2012.
1272:. 14 September 2007.
1147:Csoma, Mózes (2016).
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625:Further information:
579:Korean Workers' Party
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2120:United Arab Emirates
1819:Korea Education Fund
1470:. 20 November 2007.
1416:on 22 September 2010
665:senior middle school
526:Korean People's Army
485:Non-Aligned Movement
441:Private universities
353:cultural development
94:improve this article
2147:limited recognition
1358:. Choson Exchange.
1240:. 13 October 2012.
347:in Pyongyang, 2012.
255:
190:of this article is
1543:. AP. 19 July 2016
1385:on 25 October 2017
931:North Korea portal
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838:radio broadcasting
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554:social environment
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547:Version 1.0./Beta
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345:Kim Il Sung Square
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2189:other territories
1880:Education in Asia
1506:978-0-06-199850-8
1356:"Choson Exchange"
1160:978-89-6297-180-4
1127:on 29 August 2010
1082:cite encyclopedia
863:COVID-19 pandemic
750:trains teachers.
697:foreign languages
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971:References
806:, and the
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461:Korean War
313:government
188:neutrality
120:newspapers
49:improve it
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1965:Indonesia
1721:The World
1643:236979840
1238:KBS World
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895:Pyongyang
840:in 2016.
717:chemistry
705:geography
681:economics
677:faculties
477:preschool
403:Methodist
365:Confucian
301:Education
199:talk page
150:July 2017
55:talk page
2259:Category
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738:and the
679:include
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650:master's
573:and the
192:disputed
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1955:Georgia
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1570:데일리메디
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1389:4 May
804:China
798:from
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384:Seoul
286:State
141:JSTOR
127:books
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2020:Laos
1975:Iraq
1970:Iran
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1755:2023
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1519:OCLC
1511:LCCN
1501:ISBN
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1448:2009
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1391:2020
1342:2013
1316:2010
1282:2010
1250:2012
1220:2012
1194:2024
1165:OCLC
1155:ISBN
1137:>
1133:2010
1098:ISBN
1092:link
1088:link
1074:2013
818:and
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