Hill 262 - Knowledge (XXG)

1346:, now joined the assault on the ridge. At 14:00 the 8th Infantry Battalion on the ridge's northern slopes once more came under attack. Although the infantry and armour closing in on the Polish positions were eventually repulsed, with a large number of prisoners being taken and artillery again causing significant casualties, the Poles were being gradually pushed back. However, they managed to retain their grip on Point 262N and with well-coordinated artillery fire continued to exact a toll on German units traversing the corridor. Another attempt was made to organise an attack towards Point 239 but the Germans were ready and the 9th Infantry Battalion's 3rd Company was driven back with heavy losses. 1249:

anti-tank company had remained around Boisjos 2 km (1.2 mi) north of Coudehard but the bulk of two battlegroups, about 80 tanks, 20 anti-tank guns, and around 1,500 infantry was concentrated on and around Point 262N. The Poles did not occupy Point 262S. Although Lieutenant-Colonel Zdzisław Szydłowski, commanding the 9th Infantry Battalion, was given orders to take the southern peak. With darkness falling and thick smoke from the burning German column in the pass obscuring the battlefield, this was deemed too hazardous to attempt before next light. The Poles spent the night fortifying Point 262N and entrenching the southern, southwestern and northeastern approaches to their positions.

1477: 1453:(Polish:bludgeon club cudgel) at 351 killed and wounded and 11 tanks lost, although Jarymowycz gives higher figures of 325 killed, 1,002 wounded, and 114 missing—approximately 20% of the division's combat strength. For the entire operation to close the Falaise pocket, Copp quotes from the 1st Polish Armoured Division's operational report, citing 1,441 casualties including 466 killed in action. McGilvray estimates the German losses in their assaults on the ridge as around 500 dead with a further 1,000 taken prisoner, most of these from the 12th SS Panzer Division. He also records "scores" of 1412:. Further German attacks were launched during the morning, both from inside the pocket along the Chambois–Vimoutiers road, and from the east. Raids from the direction of Coudehard managed to penetrate the Polish defences and take captives. The final German effort came at around 11:00—SS remnants had infiltrated through the wooded hills to the rear of the 1st Armoured Regiment's dressing station. This "suicidal" assault was defeated at point-blank range by the 9th Infantry Battalion with the 1st Armoured Regiment's tanks using their anti-aircraft machine guns in support. The machine guns' 163: 132: 151: 120: 1227:, trucks and many horse-drawn carts. Three companies of the Polish 1st Armoured Regiment opened fire from every machine gun and gun. The lead vehicles were quickly destroyed and the Panthers, because of bad positioning, could not hit the Shermans at the top of the hill (the shells were passing just above the turrets of the Shermans). Because of the destruction of the equipment and the few POWs taken, the Poles called the remnants of the column that approached them through the pass along the Chambois–Vimoutiers road: 1099: 6323: 1271:

slipping past the southern slopes of the ridge. The uneven, wooded terrain, interspersed with thick hedgerows, made control of the ground to the west and south-west difficult by day and impossible by night. As it grew light on 20 August Szydłowsky organised two companies of the 9th Infantry Battalion, supported by the 1st Armoured Regiment, for an attack across the road towards Point 262S. Hampered by the wreckage littering the pass, the attack soon bogged down.

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on German units retreating from the pocket, causing heavy casualties. The Germans launched fierce attacks throughout 20 August which inflicted losses on the Poles on Hill 262. Exhausted and dangerously low on ammunition, the Poles managed to retain their foothold on the ridge. The following day, less intense attacks continued until midday when the last German effort to overrun the position was defeated at close quarters. The Poles were relieved by the

918:. By late summer 1944, the bulk of two German armies had become surrounded by the Allies near the town of Falaise. The Mont Ormel ridge, with its commanding view of the area, sat astride the only escape route still open to the Germans. Polish forces seized the northern height of the ridge on 19 August and held it until noon on 21 August, despite determined attempts by German units to overrun the position, contributing greatly to the Allied victory. 1198: 1379:

to evacuate their prisoners or the wounded of both sides—many of whom received further injuries from the unremitting hail of mortar bombs—the Poles had hoped to see the Canadian 4th Armoured Division coming to their rescue by evening. However, as night fell it became clear that no Allied relief force would reach the ridge that day. Lacking the means to interfere, the exhausted Poles were forced to watch as the remnants of the

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nearly reached the ridge's summit before being repulsed by the well dug in Polish defenders. The integrity of the position was not restored until 19:00, by which time the Poles had expended almost all their ammunition leaving themselves in a precarious situation. A 20-minute ceasefire was arranged to allow the Germans to evacuate a large medical convoy, after which fighting resumed with redoubled intensity.

1350: 1210:, 9th Infantry Battalion, and a company of anti-tank guns) made a thrust towards Coudehard and the Mont Ormel ridge. While part of the battlegroup remained in Coudehard, two companies of the Polish Highland (Podhalian) Battalion led the assault up the north peak, followed by the squadrons of the 1st Armoured Regiment (Lieutenant-Colonel 1267:

Americans in Chambois—from closing. German movement out of the pocket on the night of 19/20 August cut off the Polish battle groups on the Mont Ormel ridge. On discovering this Stefanowicz conferred with Koszutski. Lacking the means to seal the pocket or fight their way out, they decided that they could only hold fast until relieved.

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Earlier in the day, Simonds had ordered his troops to "make every effort" to reach the Poles isolated on Hill 262, but at "sacrificial" cost the remnants of the 9th SS Panzer and 3rd Parachute Divisions had succeeded in preventing the Canadians from intervening. Dangerously low on supplies and unable

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From within the pocket, German formations seeking an escape route were filtering through gaps in the Allied lines between Trun and Chambois, heading towards the ridge from the west. The Poles could see the road from Chambois choked with troops and vehicles attempting to pass along the Dives valley. A

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Although the Poles on Point 262N could hear movement from the valley, other than some mortar rounds that landed among the positions of the 8th Infantry Battalion, the night passed uneventfully. Without possession of Point 262S the Poles were unable to interfere with the large numbers of German troops

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of an armoured regiment and an infantry battalion each and were sweeping the countryside north of Chambois. Facing determined German resistance and with Koszutski's battlegroup having "gone astray" and needing to be rescued, the division had not yet taken Chambois, Coudehard, or the Mont Ormel ridge.

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On 20 August, with his forces encircled, Model organised attacks on the Polish position from both sides of the pocket. The Germans managed to isolate the ridge and force open a narrow corridor. Lacking the fighting power to close the corridor, the Poles directed constant and accurate artillery fire

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The Falaise pocket was considered closed by the evening of 21 August. Tanks of the Canadian 4th Armoured Division had linked up with the Polish forces in Coudehard, and the Canadian 3rd and 4th Infantry Divisions had fully secured St. Lambert and the northern passage to Chambois. Both Reynolds and

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Gentlemen, all is lost. I do not think that the Canadians can come to our rescue. We have only about 110 able-bodied men left. Five shells per gun and 50 bullets per man. That's very little, but fight all the same. Surrender to the S.S. is futile; you know that. I thank you. You have fought well.

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left the pocket. Fighting died down and was sporadic throughout the hours of darkness; after the brutality of the day's combat both sides avoided contact although frequent Polish artillery strikes continued to harass German forces retreating from the sector. Stefanowicz, himself wounded during the

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Of the approximately 20 German infantry and armoured divisions trapped in the Falaise pocket around twelve were still battleworthy. As these formations retreated eastwards they fought desperately to keep the jaws of the encirclement—formed by the Canadians in Trun and St. Lambert and the Poles and

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Although some estimates state that up to 100,000 German troops, many of them wounded, may have succeeded in escaping the Allied encirclement, they left behind 40,000-50,000 prisoners and over 10,000 dead. According to military historian Gregor Dallas: "The Poles had closed the Falaise Pocket. The

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19 August 1944. While elements of the Canadian 4th Armoured Division drive on St. Lambert, the Polish 1st Armoured Division has split into three battlegroups. One makes for Chambois to link up with the American 90th Infantry Division attacking from the south while the other two race to establish

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and several battle groups from the 2nd SS Panzer Division, inflicted heavy casualties on the 8th and 9th Infantry Battalions. By 17:00 the attack was at its height and the Poles were contending with German tanks and infantry inside their perimeter. Grenadiers of the 2nd SS Panzer Division very

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The times given for this are variously: after 09:00 (Reynolds (2002)); 11:00 (McGilvray); and after 15:00 (Reynolds (2001)). McGilvray also credits a 75mm or 88mm anti-tank gun, rather than a Panther tank. However, the sources agree that five Shermans were destroyed from the direction of Point

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20 August 1944. The Poles on Hill 262N and the Canadians in St Lambert positioned to intercept the eastward movement of German forces from the Falaise Pocket and exact a heavy toll on passing units. Supported by attacks from outside the pocket, the Germans fail to dislodge the Poles from their

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This battlegroup ended up "deep in the German rear" at Champeaux instead of Chambois as a result of a misunderstanding with its French civilian guide, who "disappeared at the first opportunity". The error proved serendipitous when the 2nd Armoured Regiment discovered that Champeaux housed the

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The next morning, despite poor flying weather, an effort was made to air-drop ammunition to the Polish force on the ridge. Learning that the Canadians had resumed their push and were making for Point 239, at 07:00 a platoon of the 1st Armoured Regiment's 3rd Squadron reconnoitered the German

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At around 17:00, Battlegroup Koszutski, consisting of the 2nd Armoured Regiment and the 8th Infantry Battalion, arrived at the ridge, followed by the rest of the Polish Highland Battalion and elements of the 9th Infantry Battalion at 19:30. The remainder of the 9th Infantry Battalion and the

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counter-offensive. With the German left flank in ruins the Americans began a headlong advance into Brittany but a large concentration of German forces—including most of their armoured strength—remained opposite the British and Canadian sector. The Allied ground forces commander General

1221:) who picked their way up a narrow, winding track. The Poles reached the summit at approximately 12:40 and took captive a number of demoralised Germans before proceeding to shell a 2 mi (3.2 km)-long column of Panther tanks, armoured cars, 88 mm and 105 mm guns, 1322:

Around midday, the Germans opened up an artillery and mortar barrage that caused casualties among the ridge's defenders and lasted for the entire afternoon. At about the same time, Kampfgruppe Weidinger seized an important road junction northeast of Coudehard. Several units of the

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and the River Seine. Historian Michael Reynolds describes Point 262N as offering "spectacular views over much of the Falaise Pocket". Viewing the feature on an Allied map, Maczek commented that it resembled a caveman's club with two bulbous heads; the Poles nicknamed it the

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Northeast of Chambois and overlooking the Dives River valley, an elongated, wooded ridge runs roughly north–south above the village of Coudehard. The ridge's two highest peaks—Points 262 North (262N) and 262 South (262S)—lie either side of a pass within which the hamlet of

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Although the pocket had been closed, the Allies were not yet astride the escape route of the 7th Army in any great strength and their positions came under frenzied assault. During the day an armoured column from the 2nd Panzer Division broke through the Canadians in

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21 August 1944. Exhausted and dangerously low on ammunition, the Poles on Hill 262N are finally relieved after midday by the lead elements of the Canadian 4th Armoured Division, who have fought hard to reach the ridge. By evening the Falaise Pocket is

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The Poles and Americans claimed the capture of Chambois; Stacey writes "The impression one receives is that of Poles and Americans arriving in Chambois from opposite directions at about the same moment, though the Americans may have been in greater

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Having spotted German tank movements towards a nearby height, Point 239 (roughly 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of the ridge), an attack was planned to take this feature and provide a buffer for the Poles' northern positions around the

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number of columns moving down from the northeast that included tanks and self-propelled artillery were subjected to an hour-long bombardment from the 1st Armoured Regiment's 3rd Squadron, breaking them up and scattering their infantry.

1291:(Polish: small castle) to the north and northeast of point 262N were assaulted, and it was not until 10:30 that the Germans were driven back. In the heavy fighting a number of the 1st Armoured Regiment's supply lorries were destroyed. 1419:

Moving up from Chambois, the Polish 1st Armoured Division's reconnaissance regiment made an attempt to reach their comrades on Point 262N but was mistakenly fired upon by the ridge's defenders. The regiment withdrew after losing two

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commented that "no other battlefield presented such a horrible sight of death, hell, and total destruction." The Mémorial de Coudehard–Montormel museum was constructed on the same site on the battle's 50th anniversary in 1994.

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According to Reynolds a shallow stretch of the Dives between Magny and Moissy, approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) long, was still passable. Although under indirect artillery fire the river could be waded in this

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The Poles' possession of around 2 square kilometres (0.77 sq mi) of commanding terrain overlooking the only route out of Normandy for the 7th Army was a serious impediment to the German retreat. Field Marshal

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Poles had opened the gate to Paris." Simonds stated that he had "never seen such wholesale havoc in his life" and Canadian engineers erected a sign on Point 262N's summit reading simply "A Polish Battlefield".

1279:, who on succeeding von Kluge two days earlier had authorised a general withdrawal, was well aware of the need to remove the "cork" from the bottle containing the 7th Army. He ordered elements of the 6914: 1235:(Dog's Field). The victory was hard-won over a period of a few hours; the Germans, despite being "shocked" to discover that Point 262N was in Polish hands, quickly responded with a bombardment from 1159:, capturing half the village and maintaining an open road for six hours until being forced out. Many Germans escaped along this route and numerous small parties infiltrated on foot through to the 4894: 4247: 1189:

for "mace". The ridge, known to the Allies as Hill 262, formed a crucial blocking position for sealing the Falaise Pocket and preventing any outside attempts to relieve the German 7th Army.

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ammunition set fire to the grass, killing wounded men on the slope. As the final infantry assaults melted away, the German artillery and mortar fire targeting the hill subsided as well.

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Armoured Divisions suffered many casualties. Anglo-Canadian forces reached Hill 195 north of Falaise on 10 August but were unable to make further progress and Totalize was terminated.

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Battalion) and 10th Polish Mounted Rifle Regiment (the divisional armoured reconnaissance regiment) drove hard on Chambois, the capture of which would effect a link with the U.S.

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McGilvray identifies these as the 3rd Parachute, 84th, 276th, 277th, 326th, 353rd and 363rd Infantry Divisions and the 2nd, 116th, 1st SS, 10th SS and 12th SS Panzer Divisions.

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to the Polish, Canadian, American and French units that took part in the battle was erected on Hill 262. Marking the occasion, former President of the United States

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headquarters of the 2nd SS Panzer Division. Along with prisoners and loot, the Poles seized orders detailing German defensive measures for I and II SS Panzer Corps.

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Lieutenant Kłaptocz of the Polish 1st Armoured Division and Major Leonard Dull of the US 90th Infantry Division, in Chambois, August 1944, after the Allied link-up.

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Good luck, gentlemen. Tonight we shall die for Poland and for civilization! . . . each tank will fight independently, and eventually each man for himself."

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and anti-tank guns. The Poles counter-attacked and more Germans, including wounded, were taken prisoner. The prisoners were moved to a hunting lodge (the

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of the 1st Armoured Regiment's 3rd Squadron. The survivors were forced to change position although they later lost another tank to fire from the north.

4779: 6238: 4866: 3256: 3214: 741: 6087: 2467: 3906: 3680: 3443: 3309: 3120: 1176:, from which the ridge takes its name, is situated. One of the few westbound roads in the area runs from Chambois through the pass, heading towards 1110:; three days later Falaise fell. In a meeting with his divisional commanders on 19 August, Simonds emphasised the importance of quickly closing the 6784: 4982: 3816: 3316: 3228: 3164: 877: 1887: 950:

ordered a withdrawal but by this time the Allies were already blocking his path. During the night of 19 August, two battle groups of the Polish

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View from the Mont Ormel ridge overlooking the Dives River valley towards Trun and Chambois—in August 1944, the site of the Falaise pocket.

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Panzer Divisions managed to clear a corridor past Point 262N, and by mid afternoon about 10,000 German troops had passed out of the pocket.

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reached the ridge just over an hour later, having fought for more than five hours and accounted for two Panthers, a Panzer IV, and two

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Galvanised by Simonds, Maczek was determined to get his men onto their objectives as soon as possible. The 10th Dragoons (10th Polish

219: 4193: 2533: 958:) had established themselves in the mouth of the Falaise pocket on and around the northernmost of the two peaks of Mont Ormel ridge. 6909: 6254: 5136: 5108: 4925: 4507: 4226: 3053: 3026: 2957: 2938: 2919: 2897: 2841: 2822: 2765: 2743: 2724: 2689: 2667: 2636: 2610: 2591: 2555: 5449: 966:

shortly after noon; their stand had ensured the closure of the Falaise pocket and the collapse of the German position in Normandy.

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Reynolds implies that only Point 262N is referred to as Mont Ormel, although other sources give this name to the entire ridge.

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of the 2nd SS Panzer Division worked its way onto the height and, at a range of 1,400 metres (1,500 yd), picked off five

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Sons of the Reich: The History of II SS Panzer Corps in Normandy, Arnhem, the Ardennes and on the Eastern Front

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tanks. At 12:00 a Polish forward patrol from the ridge encountered the Canadian vanguard near Point 239. The

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ordered the Polish positions to be "eliminated". At 15:00, substantial forces, including remnants of the

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along their route. By 14:00, with the arrival of the first supply convoy, the position was relieved.

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blocking positions in the mouth of the Falaise Pocket around Coudehard and the Mont Ormel ridge.

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The remains of a retreating German column destroyed by the 1st Armoured Regiment near Hill 262

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provided the Allies with an opportunity to cut off and destroy most German forces west of the

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The Black Devil's March - A Doomed Odyssey: The 1st Polish Armoured Division 1939–1945

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day's fighting, struck a fatalistic note as he addressed his four remaining officers:

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from the west, the task of completing the encirclement fell to the newly operational

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Jarymowycz gives four battlegroups, but this figure is unsupported by other sources.

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was slow to withdraw and expended many of its remaining effective formations in the

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was able to assist and by the evening of 19 August the town was in Allied hands.

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Allied and German positions around the Falaise–Argentan area in the aftermath of

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The remains of a Polish Sherman tank and two German vehicles (a Panther and an

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Florentin (1967), pp. 300-301, quoting and translating Sévigny (1946), p.75.

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which was attacking simultaneously the town from the south. Having taken

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that was the location of a bloody engagement in the final stages of the

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Guia PlayGames Especial 04 - Call of Duty, Battlefield, Medal of Honor

4465: 2981:"The Victory Campaign: The operations in North-West Europe 1944–1945" 1016: 150: 119: 2796:

No Greater Ally: The Untold Story of Poland's Forces in World War II

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This group of captives was handed over to the Americans in Chambois.

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Polish infantry moving towards cover on Mount Ormel, 20 August 1944.

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halftrack), destroyed in the vicinity of Boisjois near Point 262N

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The Killing Ground, The Battle of the Falaise Gap, August 1944

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While the Americans pressed in from the south and the British

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Cinderella Army: The Canadians in Northwest Europe, 1944–1945

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Exasperated by the casualties to his men, 7th Army commander

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Shortly after noon on 19 August, Battlegroup Zgorzelski (the

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Stacey, Colonel Charles Perry; Bond, Major C. C. J. (1960).

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area, the 1st Polish Armoured Division had split into three

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According to McGilvray, around 500 dead and 1,000 captured.

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The Battle of the Falaise Gap: An Army Dies in Normandy

2316:"August 20th: the counter-attack of 2nd SS-PanzerKorps" 3725:

Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

1011:. Although intended only to cut a corridor through to 6915:

Military operations of World War II involving Germany

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remnants of around 20 infantry and Panzer divisions

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Guia PlayGames. 11 September 2017. p. 57. 2348: 2346: 1996: 1994: 1706: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1873: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1386: 23: 2408: 2406: 2310: 2308: 2280: 2278: 2276: 2274: 2218: 2216: 2214: 2212: 2210: 2208: 2198: 2196: 2194: 2163: 2161: 2159: 2137: 2135: 2133: 2131: 2129: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2045: 2008: 2006: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1969: 1959: 1957: 6370: 3079: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1744: 1734: 1732: 1730: 1728: 1718: 1716: 1675: 1673: 220: 8: 6385:Primary articles on the Battle of Normandy, 2931:Steel Inferno: I SS Panzer Corps in Normandy 2875:(2). Wilfrid Laurier University Press: 51–70 2083: 2081: 2079: 1929: 1927: 1890:. archivesnormandie39-45.org. Archived from 1464:In 1965 on the battle's 20th anniversary, a 1240: 1228: 6677:American logistics in the Normandy campaign 2736:Overlord: D-Day and the Battle for Normandy 2717:Overlord: D-Day and the Battle for Normandy 2396: 2394: 6874:Weather forecasting for Operation Overlord 6682:British logistics in the Normandy campaign 6377: 6363: 6355: 4930: 3989: 3178: 3086: 3072: 3064: 2707:(First American ed.). Hawthorn Books. 2468:"World War II: Closing the Falaise Pocket" 1444:German equipment destroyed near Mont Ormel 227: 213: 205: 20: 2627:Fields of Fire: The Canadians in Normandy 1449:McGilvray place the Polish losses on the 1342:, along with an armoured regiment of the 1118:. Assigned responsibility for the Moissy– 2631:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 2496:. memorial-montormel.org. Archived from 2443:. memorial-montormel.org. Archived from 2318:. memorial-montormel.org. Archived from 2758:Tank Tactics; from Normandy to Lorraine 2470:. World War II magazine. Archived from 1669: 1525: 1075:, planned an Anglo-Canadian offensive, 6417:American airborne landings in Normandy 4911:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union 5782:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign 5214:Japanese invasion of French Indochina 4860:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union 4816:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union 3921:Rape during the occupation of Germany 2858:(in French). Paris: Press de la Cite. 1572:, 353rd and 363rd Infantry Divisions. 7: 4904:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union 3936:Rape during the liberation of France 2832:Lucas, James; Barker, James (1978). 2815:Battle Zone Normandy: Falaise Pocket 1482:The Mémorial de Coudehard–Montormel 1285:9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen 6470:Greenline, Pomegranate and Express 5130:German invasion of the Netherlands 3410:Weather events during World War II 2974:(in French). Montreal: Beauchemin. 2536:from the original on March 3, 2016 14: 5761:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan 2738:(repr. ed.). Vintage Books. 351:Caen canal and Orne river bridges 64:Mont Ormel, northeast of Chambois 6446:Capture of Caen and Orne bridges 6321: 1532:Among others these included the 1281:2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich 161: 149: 130: 118: 37: 6864:People of Western Europe speech 6785:Military cemeteries in Normandy 2605:. University of Toronto Press. 2520:"Call of Duty: A Short History" 2466:Guttman, Jon (September 2001). 2441:"Memorial Montormel - Monument" 289:Taxable, Glimmer & Big Drum 6859:June 6, 1944, order of the day 6008:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 3718:Territorial changes of Germany 3626:Indonesian National Revolution 2658:1945: The War That Never Ended 1149:4th Canadian Armoured Division 1: 5408:Japanese invasion of Thailand 5359:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 5123:German invasion of Luxembourg 3504:Mediterranean and Middle East 2494:"Memorial Montormel - Museum" 1484:(right) stands on Point 262N. 6618: 6614: 5315:Invasion of the Soviet Union 5004:Occupation of Czechoslovakia 4322:Independent State of Croatia 2153:Reynolds (2001), pp. 273–274 1888:"Archives Normandie 1939-45" 1802:Hastings (2006), pp. 250–252 937:in what became known as the 6694:(Pipe-Line Under The Ocean) 6299:End of World War II in Asia 6139:Western invasion of Germany 5646:Chinese famine of 1942–1943 5623:Second Battle of El Alamein 5193:Hundred Regiments Offensive 5165:Battle of the Mediterranean 5018:Italian invasion of Albania 3192:Air warfare of World War II 2929:Reynolds, Michael (2001) . 2863:Maczek, Stanisław (2006) . 2582:Maple Leaf Against the Axis 6933: 6225:Naval bombardment of Japan 5593:First Battle of El Alamein 5512:Battle of Christmas Island 5457:Japanese invasion of Burma 5221:Italian invasion of Greece 5137:German invasion of Belgium 5109:German invasion of Denmark 5082:1939–1940 Winter Offensive 4951:Second Italo-Ethiopian War 3215:Comparative military ranks 2948:Reynolds, Michael (2002). 2794:Koskodan, Kenneth (2009). 2400:Lucas & Barker, p. 148 2293:Lucas & Barker, p. 147 2114:Lucas & Barker, p. 144 2105:Lucas & Barker, p. 143 1560:Panzer Divisions, and the 973: 6831:Allied forces in Normandy 6314: 6146:Bratislava–Brno offensive 6077:Dutch famine of 1944–1945 5701:Allied invasion of Sicily 5561:Aleutian Islands campaign 5533:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign 5471:Greek famine of 1941–1944 5366:Second Battle of Changsha 5271:German invasion of Greece 5116:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang 3458:North and Central Pacific 3101: 3036:Williams, Andrew (2004). 2869:Canadian Military History 2699:Florentin, Eddy (1967) . 2684:. Konecky & Konecky. 2662:. Yale University Press. 2302:Reynolds (2002), p. 87–88 1426:Canadian Grenadier Guards 964:Canadian Grenadier Guards 296:Combined Bomber Offensive 248: 188: 173: 142: 111: 47: 36: 28: 6910:Battles involving Poland 5738:Allied invasion of Italy 5715:Solomon Islands campaign 5464:Third Battle of Changsha 5061:First Battle of Changsha 4967:Second Sino-Japanese War 3907:German military brothels 3773:United States war crimes 6160:Second Guangxi campaign 6015:Philippines (1944–1945) 5519:Battle of the Coral Sea 5422:Fall of the Philippines 5068:Battle of South Guangxi 4974:Battles of Khalkhin Gol 4380:Italian Social Republic 2813:Latawski, Paul (2004). 2734:Hastings, Max (2006) . 2654:Dallas, Gregor (2005). 2412:Hastings (2006), p. 313 2234:Reynolds (2001), p. 279 2188:Reynolds (2001), p. 274 2073:Reynolds (2001), p. 273 2012:Hastings (2006), p. 304 1852:Hastings (2006), p. 301 1843:Hastings (2006), p. 296 1825:Hastings (1999), p. 356 1784:Reynolds (2001), p. 280 1722:Hastings (2006), p. 303 1688:Hastings (2006), p. 306 1372:352nd Infantry Division 6811:D-Day naval deceptions 5745:Armistice of Cassibile 5547:Battle of Dutch Harbor 5498:Battle of the Java Sea 5401:Attack on Pearl Harbor 5301:Syria–Lebanon campaign 5294:Battle of South Shanxi 5264:Invasion of Yugoslavia 5047:Battle of the Atlantic 4661:Korean Liberation Army 4374:(until September 1943) 4331:(until September 1944) 4309:(until September 1944) 2914:. Robin Brass Studio. 2888:McGilvray, E. (2005). 2777:Six Armies in Normandy 2775:Keegan, John (1994) . 1710:Reynolds (2002), p. 87 1485: 1445: 1404: 1391: 1358: 1344:1st SS Panzer Division 1340:3rd Parachute Division 1299: 1263: 1262:position on the ridge. 1241: 1229: 1212:Aleksander Stefanowicz 1203: 1137:90th Infantry Division 1103: 997: 758:Air and Sea operations 551:Anglo-Canadian Sector 430:Anglo-Canadian Sector 143:Commanders and leaders 5909:Second Battle of Guam 5805:Bengal famine of 1943 5775:Second Battle of Kiev 5731:Battle of the Dnieper 5436:Battle of Wake Island 5308:East African campaign 5250:Battle of South Henan 4895:atrocities by Germans 4668:Korean Volunteer Army 3649:Occupation of Germany 3403:Music in World War II 1479: 1443: 1401: 1352: 1297: 1260: 1208:1st Armoured Regiment 1200: 1101: 991: 974:Further information: 952:1st Armoured Division 790:Supporting operations 189:Casualties and losses 6581:(Canada, Poland, US) 6534:(Canada, Poland, UK) 6528:(Canada, Poland, UK) 6195:Surrender of Germany 5673:Battle of West Hubei 5630:Guadalcanal campaign 5600:Battle of Stalingrad 5526:Battle of Madagascar 4300:Albania protectorate 4087:(formerly Swaziland) 3796:Wehrmacht war crimes 3612:Expulsion of Germans 3396:Art and World War II 3294:British contribution 3243:Governments in exile 2682:Decision in Normandy 2601:Copp, Terry (2006). 2361:McGilvray, pp. 51–53 2123:McGilvray, pp. 46–47 1493:The 2006 video game 1470:Dwight D. Eisenhower 1408:positions below the 1022:Generalfeldmarschall 944:Generalfeldmarschall 933:and elements of the 242:(Battle of Normandy) 6842:Operation Bodyguard 6836:Liberation of Paris 6285:Potsdam Declaration 6174:Italy (Spring 1945) 5937:Liberation of Paris 5394:Siege of Sevastopol 4412:(until August 1944) 4315:Wang Jingwei regime 4137:from September 1943 4097:from September 1944 4035:from September 1944 3895:Romanian war crimes 3886:Persecution of Jews 3872:Croatian war crimes 3842:Japanese war crimes 3656:Occupation of Japan 3605:First Indochina War 3317:Military production 3229:Declarations of war 2421:Copp (2003), p. 249 2250:Van Der Vat, p. 168 2021:Copp (2003), p. 244 1979:Copp (2003), p. 243 1951:Copp (2003), p. 240 1921:Stacey, pp. 259-260 1912:Copp (2006), p. 104 1793:Wilmot, pp. 390–392 1509:Battle for Hill 140 1430:self-propelled guns 1364:Oberstgruppenführer 1338:A battalion of the 1108:Operation Tractable 1071:, commander of the 1058:First Canadian Army 1015:to emerge from the 994:Operation Tractable 980:Operation Tractable 80: / 31:Operation Tractable 6905:Operation Overlord 6869:Rommel's asparagus 6853:Operation Jedburgh 6698:Operation Chastity 6278:Surrender of Japan 6111:Battle of Iwo Jima 5960:Belgrade offensive 5373:Siege of Leningrad 5257:Battle of Shanggao 5186:British Somaliland 5151:Dunkirk evacuation 5102:Norwegian campaign 5040:Invasion of Poland 4867:Japanese prisoners 3835:Italian war crimes 3766:British war crimes 3681:Soviet occupations 3465:South-West Pacific 3352:Allied cooperation 3310:Military equipment 2586:. Red Deer Press. 2352:Jarymowycz, p. 196 2000:Jarymowycz, p. 195 1942:Jarymowycz, p. 192 1861:Reid, pp. 357, 366 1486: 1446: 1405: 1381:XLVII Panzer Corps 1359: 1300: 1264: 1204: 1163:during the night. 1133:Motorised infantry 1104: 1077:Operation Totalize 1066:Lieutenant-General 1039:Bernard Montgomery 1002:Lieutenant General 998: 976:Operation Totalize 585:Normandy massacres 474:Operation Chastity 238:Operation Overlord 84:48.8378°N 0.1428°E 24:Battle of Hill 262 6895:Conflicts in 1944 6882: 6881: 6847:Operation Dragoon 6522:(UK 6th Airborne) 6352: 6351: 6310: 6309: 6153:Battle of Okinawa 6052:Burma (1944–1945) 5886:Mariana and Palau 5666:Tunisian campaign 5491:Fall of Singapore 5415:Fall of Hong Kong 5158:Battle of Britain 5011:Operation Himmler 4920: 4919: 4584:Dutch East Indies 4227:Southern Rhodesia 3979: 3978: 3879:Genocide of Serbs 3782:German war crimes 3759:Soviet war crimes 3752:Allied war crimes 3598:Division of Korea 3577:Chinese Civil War 3375:Strategic bombing 3287:Manhattan Project 3021:. Madison Press. 2852:Maczek, Stanisław 2805:978-1-84908-479-6 2786:978-0-14-023542-5 2779:. Penguin Books. 2760:. Lynne Rienner. 2754:Jarymowycz, Roman 2532:. November 2013. 1073:II Canadian Corps 1034:Operation Lüttich 1026:Günther von Kluge 1000:On 25 July 1944, 912:Normandy Campaign 908:Battle of Falaise 886: 885: 742:Mantes-Gassicourt 406:Normandy landings 203: 202: 199:~1,500 casualties 107: 106: 55:19–21 August 1944 6922: 6855:(France, UK, US) 6849:(France, UK, US) 6821:Hobart's Funnies 6775:Hillman Fortress 6687:Mulberry harbour 6620: 6616: 6613:Landing points ( 6591:Merville Battery 6460:(Deception plan) 6379: 6372: 6365: 6356: 6345: 6338: 6331: 6328:World portal 6326: 6325: 6301: 6294: 6287: 6280: 6271: 6264: 6257: 6248: 6241: 6234: 6227: 6220: 6213: 6204: 6197: 6190: 6188:Prague offensive 6183: 6181:Battle of Berlin 6176: 6169: 6162: 6155: 6148: 6141: 6134: 6127: 6125:Vienna offensive 6120: 6113: 6106: 6104:Battle of Manila 6099: 6079: 6070: 6061: 6054: 6045: 6038: 6031: 6024: 6017: 6010: 6003: 5994: 5985: 5978: 5969: 5962: 5955: 5948: 5939: 5932: 5925: 5918: 5911: 5904: 5897: 5888: 5881: 5872: 5863: 5854: 5847: 5845:Korsun–Cherkassy 5840: 5829: 5807: 5798: 5791: 5784: 5777: 5770: 5763: 5756: 5747: 5740: 5733: 5726: 5717: 5710: 5703: 5696: 5689: 5687:Bombing of Gorky 5682: 5675: 5668: 5648: 5641: 5632: 5625: 5618: 5609: 5602: 5595: 5588: 5577: 5570: 5563: 5556: 5554:Battle of Midway 5549: 5542: 5540:Battle of Gazala 5535: 5528: 5521: 5514: 5507: 5500: 5493: 5473: 5466: 5459: 5452: 5450:Battle of Borneo 5445: 5443:Malayan campaign 5438: 5431: 5424: 5417: 5410: 5403: 5396: 5389: 5387:Bombing of Gorky 5382: 5380:Battle of Moscow 5375: 5368: 5361: 5354: 5347: 5340: 5324: 5317: 5310: 5303: 5296: 5289: 5280: 5273: 5266: 5259: 5252: 5232: 5223: 5216: 5209: 5202: 5195: 5188: 5181: 5174: 5167: 5160: 5153: 5146: 5144:Battle of France 5139: 5132: 5125: 5118: 5111: 5104: 5084: 5077: 5070: 5063: 5056: 5049: 5042: 5020: 5013: 5006: 4999: 4997:Munich Agreement 4992: 4985: 4976: 4969: 4962: 4953: 4946: 4931: 4913: 4906: 4897: 4890: 4883: 4882:Soviet prisoners 4876: 4869: 4862: 4853: 4846: 4837: 4830: 4823: 4822:German prisoners 4818: 4798: 4789: 4782: 4775: 4770: 4763: 4756: 4749: 4742: 4735: 4728: 4721: 4714: 4707: 4700: 4693: 4686: 4679: 4670: 4663: 4656: 4649: 4642: 4635: 4628: 4621: 4614: 4607: 4600: 4593: 4586: 4579: 4572: 4565: 4558: 4551: 4544: 4524: 4517: 4510: 4503: 4496: 4489: 4482: 4475: 4468: 4461: 4454: 4434: 4427: 4420: 4413: 4405: 4398: 4391: 4382: 4375: 4367: 4360: 4358:French Indochina 4353: 4346: 4339: 4332: 4324: 4317: 4310: 4302: 4282: 4273: 4266: 4257: 4250: 4243: 4236: 4229: 4222: 4215: 4208: 4205:from August 1944 4196: 4189: 4182: 4175: 4168: 4161: 4154: 4147: 4140: 4128: 4121: 4114: 4107: 4100: 4088: 4080: 4073: 4066: 4059: 4052: 4045: 4038: 4026: 4019: 4012: 4005: 3990: 3970: 3963: 3956: 3949: 3942: 3931: 3916: 3909: 3902: 3897: 3888: 3881: 3874: 3865: 3858: 3851: 3849:Nanjing Massacre 3844: 3837: 3828: 3826:Nuremberg trials 3819: 3812: 3805: 3798: 3791: 3784: 3775: 3768: 3761: 3754: 3734: 3727: 3720: 3711: 3704: 3697: 3690: 3683: 3676: 3667: 3658: 3651: 3644: 3637: 3628: 3621: 3614: 3607: 3600: 3593: 3586: 3579: 3559: 3550: 3543: 3536: 3527: 3520: 3513: 3506: 3497: 3490: 3483: 3474: 3467: 3460: 3453: 3446: 3439: 3432: 3430:Asia and Pacific 3412: 3405: 3398: 3391: 3384: 3377: 3370: 3361: 3359:Mulberry harbour 3354: 3347: 3340: 3333: 3326: 3319: 3312: 3305: 3296: 3289: 3282: 3273: 3266: 3259: 3252: 3245: 3238: 3231: 3224: 3217: 3210: 3201: 3194: 3179: 3167: 3160: 3151: 3144: 3137: 3130: 3123: 3116: 3109: 3088: 3081: 3074: 3065: 3059: 3043: 3032: 3015:Van Der Vat, Dan 3010: 3008: 3006: 3000: 2994:. Archived from 2985: 2975: 2963: 2944: 2925: 2903: 2884: 2882: 2880: 2859: 2856:Avec Mes Blindés 2847: 2828: 2809: 2790: 2771: 2749: 2730: 2708: 2706: 2695: 2673: 2661: 2650: 2630: 2616: 2597: 2585: 2562: 2561: 2552: 2546: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2516: 2510: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2490: 2484: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2474:on June 13, 2011 2463: 2457: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2437: 2431: 2428: 2422: 2419: 2413: 2410: 2401: 2398: 2389: 2388:Bercuson, p. 232 2386: 2380: 2377: 2371: 2368: 2362: 2359: 2353: 2350: 2341: 2338: 2332: 2331: 2329: 2327: 2312: 2303: 2300: 2294: 2291: 2285: 2284:McGilvray, p. 53 2282: 2269: 2266: 2251: 2248: 2235: 2232: 2223: 2222:McGilvray, p. 51 2220: 2203: 2202:McGilvray, p. 50 2200: 2189: 2186: 2177: 2174: 2168: 2167:McGilvray, p. 48 2165: 2154: 2151: 2142: 2141:McGilvray, p. 47 2139: 2124: 2121: 2115: 2112: 2106: 2103: 2097: 2094: 2088: 2085: 2074: 2071: 2058: 2057:McGilvray, p. 46 2055: 2040: 2037: 2031: 2028: 2022: 2019: 2013: 2010: 2001: 1998: 1989: 1986: 1980: 1977: 1964: 1961: 1952: 1949: 1943: 1940: 1934: 1931: 1922: 1919: 1913: 1910: 1904: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1884: 1878: 1877:Bercuson, p. 230 1875: 1862: 1859: 1853: 1850: 1844: 1841: 1835: 1832: 1826: 1823: 1812: 1811:Williams, p. 197 1809: 1803: 1800: 1794: 1791: 1785: 1782: 1767: 1766:McGilvray, p. 54 1764: 1739: 1738:McGilvray, p. 41 1736: 1723: 1720: 1711: 1708: 1689: 1686: 1680: 1679:Williams, p. 204 1677: 1658: 1654: 1648: 1644: 1638: 1635: 1629: 1626: 1620: 1617: 1611: 1607: 1601: 1597: 1591: 1588: 1582: 1579: 1573: 1530: 1244: 1234: 1220: 1167:Mont Ormel ridge 1116:Stanisław Maczek 956:Stanisław Maczek 916:Second World War 896:Mont Ormel ridge 517:La Haye-du-Puits 502:American Sector 410:American Sector 356:Merville Battery 336:Airborne assault 243: 239: 229: 222: 215: 206: 166: 165: 156:Stanisław Maczek 154: 153: 135: 134: 123: 122: 95: 94: 92: 91: 90: 85: 81: 78: 77: 76: 73: 49: 48: 41: 21: 6932: 6931: 6925: 6924: 6923: 6921: 6920: 6919: 6885: 6884: 6883: 6878: 6789: 6753: 6734:Longues-sur-Mer 6702: 6665: 6608: 6597:Verrières Ridge 6543: 6436:(UK and Canada) 6393: 6383: 6353: 6348: 6341: 6334: 6320: 6318: 6306: 6297: 6290: 6283: 6276: 6267: 6260: 6253: 6244: 6239:Atomic bombings 6237: 6230: 6223: 6216: 6209: 6200: 6193: 6186: 6179: 6172: 6165: 6158: 6151: 6144: 6137: 6130: 6123: 6116: 6109: 6102: 6095: 6082: 6075: 6064: 6057: 6050: 6041: 6034: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6006: 5997: 5988: 5981: 5972: 5965: 5958: 5951: 5942: 5935: 5930:Eastern Romania 5928: 5923:Warsaw Uprising 5921: 5916:Tannenberg Line 5914: 5907: 5902:Western Ukraine 5900: 5891: 5884: 5875: 5866: 5857: 5850: 5843: 5832: 5823: 5810: 5803: 5794: 5787: 5780: 5773: 5766: 5759: 5752: 5743: 5736: 5729: 5720: 5713: 5706: 5699: 5694:Battle of Kursk 5692: 5685: 5678: 5671: 5664: 5651: 5644: 5635: 5628: 5621: 5612: 5605: 5598: 5591: 5582: 5573: 5566: 5559: 5552: 5545: 5538: 5531: 5524: 5517: 5510: 5505:St Nazaire Raid 5503: 5496: 5489: 5476: 5469: 5462: 5455: 5448: 5441: 5434: 5427: 5420: 5413: 5406: 5399: 5392: 5385: 5378: 5371: 5364: 5357: 5350: 5343: 5329: 5320: 5313: 5306: 5299: 5292: 5287:Anglo-Iraqi War 5285: 5278:Battle of Crete 5276: 5269: 5262: 5255: 5248: 5235: 5226: 5219: 5212: 5207:Eastern Romania 5205: 5198: 5191: 5184: 5177: 5170: 5163: 5156: 5149: 5142: 5135: 5128: 5121: 5114: 5107: 5100: 5087: 5080: 5073: 5066: 5059: 5052: 5045: 5038: 5025: 5016: 5009: 5002: 4995: 4988: 4981: 4972: 4965: 4958: 4949: 4942: 4916: 4909: 4902: 4893: 4886: 4881: 4872: 4865: 4858: 4849: 4842: 4833: 4826: 4821: 4814: 4801: 4794: 4785: 4778: 4773: 4768:Western Ukraine 4766: 4759: 4752: 4745: 4738: 4731: 4724: 4717: 4712:Northeast China 4710: 4703: 4696: 4689: 4682: 4675: 4666: 4659: 4652: 4645: 4638: 4631: 4624: 4617: 4610: 4603: 4596: 4589: 4582: 4575: 4568: 4561: 4554: 4547: 4540: 4527: 4520: 4513: 4506: 4499: 4492: 4485: 4478: 4471: 4464: 4457: 4450: 4437: 4430: 4423: 4418:Slovak Republic 4416: 4408: 4401: 4394: 4389:Empire of Japan 4387: 4378: 4370: 4363: 4356: 4349: 4342: 4335: 4327: 4320: 4313: 4305: 4298: 4285: 4278: 4269: 4262: 4253: 4246: 4239: 4232: 4225: 4218: 4211: 4199: 4192: 4185: 4178: 4171: 4164: 4157: 4150: 4143: 4131: 4124: 4117: 4110: 4103: 4091: 4083: 4076: 4069: 4062: 4055: 4048: 4041: 4029: 4022: 4015: 4008: 4001: 3975: 3966: 3959: 3952: 3945: 3934: 3919: 3912: 3905: 3901:Sexual violence 3900: 3893: 3884: 3877: 3870: 3861: 3854: 3847: 3840: 3833: 3824: 3815: 3808: 3801: 3794: 3787: 3780: 3771: 3764: 3757: 3750: 3737: 3730: 3723: 3716: 3707: 3700: 3693: 3686: 3679: 3670: 3661: 3654: 3647: 3640: 3631: 3624: 3619:Greek Civil War 3617: 3610: 3603: 3596: 3589: 3582: 3575: 3562: 3555: 3546: 3539: 3532: 3523: 3516: 3509: 3502: 3493: 3486: 3479: 3470: 3463: 3456: 3449: 3444:South-East Asia 3442: 3435: 3428: 3415: 3408: 3401: 3394: 3387: 3380: 3373: 3366: 3357: 3350: 3343: 3336: 3329: 3322: 3315: 3308: 3303:Military awards 3301: 3292: 3285: 3278: 3269: 3262: 3255: 3248: 3241: 3234: 3227: 3220: 3213: 3206: 3197: 3190: 3170: 3163: 3156: 3147: 3140: 3133: 3128: 3119: 3112: 3105: 3097: 3092: 3062: 3056: 3040:D-Day to Berlin 3035: 3029: 3013: 3004: 3002: 2998: 2983: 2978: 2972:Face a l'Ennemi 2968:Sévigny, Pierre 2966: 2960: 2947: 2941: 2928: 2922: 2912:No Holding Back 2906: 2900: 2887: 2878: 2876: 2862: 2850: 2844: 2831: 2825: 2812: 2806: 2793: 2787: 2774: 2768: 2752: 2746: 2733: 2727: 2711: 2698: 2692: 2676: 2670: 2653: 2639: 2619: 2613: 2600: 2594: 2576:Bercuson, David 2574: 2570: 2565: 2554: 2553: 2549: 2539: 2537: 2518: 2517: 2513: 2503: 2501: 2500:on 24 July 2011 2492: 2491: 2487: 2477: 2475: 2465: 2464: 2460: 2450: 2448: 2447:on 24 July 2011 2439: 2438: 2434: 2429: 2425: 2420: 2416: 2411: 2404: 2399: 2392: 2387: 2383: 2378: 2374: 2369: 2365: 2360: 2356: 2351: 2344: 2339: 2335: 2325: 2323: 2322:on 24 July 2011 2314: 2313: 2306: 2301: 2297: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2272: 2267: 2254: 2249: 2238: 2233: 2226: 2221: 2206: 2201: 2192: 2187: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2166: 2157: 2152: 2145: 2140: 2127: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2109: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2086: 2077: 2072: 2061: 2056: 2043: 2038: 2034: 2029: 2025: 2020: 2016: 2011: 2004: 1999: 1992: 1987: 1983: 1978: 1967: 1963:McGilvray, p.37 1962: 1955: 1950: 1946: 1941: 1937: 1932: 1925: 1920: 1916: 1911: 1907: 1897: 1895: 1894:on 23 July 2011 1886: 1885: 1881: 1876: 1865: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1847: 1842: 1838: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1815: 1810: 1806: 1801: 1797: 1792: 1788: 1783: 1770: 1765: 1742: 1737: 1726: 1721: 1714: 1709: 1692: 1687: 1683: 1678: 1671: 1662: 1661: 1655: 1651: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1632: 1627: 1623: 1618: 1614: 1608: 1604: 1598: 1594: 1589: 1585: 1580: 1576: 1564:, 84th, 276th, 1531: 1527: 1517: 1505: 1491: 1489:Popular culture 1438: 1396: 1255: 1214: 1195: 1169: 1081:Verrières Ridge 1043:Third U.S. Army 1009:Operation Cobra 986: 972: 954:(Major-General 941:. On 20 August 935:5th Panzer Army 923:Operation Cobra 921:The success of 889: 888: 887: 882: 869: 656:Verrières Ridge 578:Le Mesnil-Patry 501: 499:Ground campaign 409: 372:American Sector 339:British Sector 338: 244: 241: 237: 235: 233: 195: 180: 160: 148: 129: 117: 89:48.8378; 0.1428 88: 86: 82: 79: 74: 71: 69: 67: 66: 65: 42: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6930: 6929: 6926: 6918: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6900:1944 in France 6897: 6887: 6886: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6850: 6844: 6839: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6797: 6795: 6791: 6790: 6788: 6787: 6782: 6780:Pegasus Bridge 6777: 6772: 6767: 6765:Falaise pocket 6761: 6759: 6755: 6754: 6752: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6710: 6708: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6700: 6695: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6673: 6671: 6667: 6666: 6664: 6663: 6657: 6651: 6645: 6644: 6643: 6631: 6624: 6622: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6606: 6603:Villers-Bocage 6600: 6594: 6588: 6582: 6576: 6570: 6564: 6558: 6551: 6549: 6545: 6544: 6542: 6541: 6535: 6529: 6523: 6517: 6511: 6505: 6499: 6493: 6487: 6479: 6473: 6467: 6461: 6455: 6449: 6443: 6437: 6431: 6425: 6419: 6414: 6413:(assault plan) 6408: 6407:(overall plan) 6401: 6399: 6395: 6394: 6384: 6382: 6381: 6374: 6367: 6359: 6350: 6349: 6347: 6346: 6339: 6332: 6315: 6312: 6311: 6308: 6307: 6305: 6304: 6303: 6302: 6295: 6288: 6274: 6273: 6272: 6258: 6255:South Sakhalin 6251: 6250: 6249: 6235: 6228: 6221: 6214: 6207: 6206: 6205: 6191: 6184: 6177: 6170: 6163: 6156: 6149: 6142: 6135: 6128: 6121: 6114: 6107: 6100: 6092: 6090: 6084: 6083: 6081: 6080: 6073: 6072: 6071: 6055: 6048: 6047: 6046: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6004: 5995: 5986: 5979: 5970: 5963: 5956: 5949: 5940: 5933: 5926: 5919: 5912: 5905: 5898: 5889: 5882: 5873: 5864: 5855: 5848: 5841: 5830: 5820: 5818: 5812: 5811: 5809: 5808: 5801: 5800: 5799: 5792: 5778: 5771: 5764: 5757: 5750: 5749: 5748: 5734: 5727: 5718: 5711: 5704: 5697: 5690: 5683: 5680:Battle of Attu 5676: 5669: 5661: 5659: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5649: 5642: 5633: 5626: 5619: 5610: 5603: 5596: 5589: 5580: 5579: 5578: 5571: 5557: 5550: 5543: 5536: 5529: 5522: 5515: 5508: 5501: 5494: 5486: 5484: 5478: 5477: 5475: 5474: 5467: 5460: 5453: 5446: 5439: 5432: 5429:Battle of Guam 5425: 5418: 5411: 5404: 5397: 5390: 5383: 5376: 5369: 5362: 5355: 5352:Battle of Kiev 5348: 5341: 5327: 5326: 5325: 5311: 5304: 5297: 5290: 5283: 5282: 5281: 5267: 5260: 5253: 5245: 5243: 5237: 5236: 5234: 5233: 5224: 5217: 5210: 5203: 5196: 5189: 5182: 5175: 5168: 5161: 5154: 5147: 5140: 5133: 5126: 5119: 5112: 5105: 5097: 5095: 5089: 5088: 5086: 5085: 5078: 5071: 5064: 5057: 5050: 5043: 5035: 5033: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5023: 5022: 5021: 5014: 5007: 5000: 4993: 4979: 4978: 4977: 4970: 4956: 4955: 4954: 4939: 4937: 4928: 4922: 4921: 4918: 4917: 4915: 4914: 4907: 4900: 4899: 4898: 4891: 4879: 4878: 4877: 4863: 4856: 4855: 4854: 4851:United Kingdom 4847: 4840: 4839: 4838: 4819: 4811: 4809: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4799: 4792: 4791: 4790: 4783: 4771: 4764: 4757: 4750: 4743: 4736: 4729: 4722: 4715: 4708: 4701: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4673: 4672: 4671: 4664: 4650: 4643: 4636: 4629: 4622: 4615: 4608: 4601: 4594: 4587: 4580: 4573: 4566: 4559: 4552: 4545: 4537: 4535: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4525: 4518: 4511: 4504: 4497: 4490: 4483: 4476: 4469: 4462: 4455: 4447: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4435: 4428: 4421: 4414: 4406: 4399: 4392: 4385: 4384: 4383: 4368: 4361: 4354: 4347: 4340: 4333: 4325: 4318: 4311: 4303: 4295: 4293: 4287: 4286: 4284: 4283: 4276: 4275: 4274: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4255:British Empire 4248:United Kingdom 4244: 4237: 4230: 4223: 4216: 4209: 4197: 4190: 4183: 4176: 4169: 4162: 4155: 4148: 4141: 4129: 4122: 4115: 4108: 4101: 4089: 4081: 4074: 4067: 4064:Czechoslovakia 4060: 4053: 4046: 4039: 4027: 4020: 4013: 4006: 3998: 3996: 3987: 3981: 3980: 3977: 3976: 3974: 3973: 3972: 3971: 3964: 3961:Rape of Manila 3957: 3950: 3943: 3932: 3917: 3910: 3898: 3891: 3890: 3889: 3882: 3868: 3867: 3866: 3859: 3852: 3838: 3831: 3830: 3829: 3822: 3821: 3820: 3813: 3799: 3792: 3778: 3777: 3776: 3769: 3762: 3747: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3736: 3735: 3732:United Nations 3728: 3721: 3714: 3713: 3712: 3705: 3698: 3691: 3677: 3668: 3659: 3652: 3645: 3638: 3629: 3622: 3615: 3608: 3601: 3594: 3591:Decolonization 3587: 3580: 3572: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3561: 3560: 3553: 3552: 3551: 3537: 3530: 3529: 3528: 3521: 3514: 3500: 3499: 3498: 3491: 3477: 3476: 3475: 3468: 3461: 3454: 3447: 3440: 3425: 3423: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3413: 3406: 3399: 3392: 3385: 3378: 3371: 3364: 3363: 3362: 3355: 3341: 3334: 3327: 3320: 3313: 3306: 3299: 3298: 3297: 3283: 3276: 3275: 3274: 3267: 3264:United Kingdom 3260: 3246: 3239: 3232: 3225: 3218: 3211: 3204: 3203: 3202: 3187: 3185: 3176: 3172: 3171: 3169: 3168: 3161: 3154: 3153: 3152: 3145: 3138: 3126: 3125: 3124: 3110: 3102: 3099: 3098: 3093: 3091: 3090: 3083: 3076: 3068: 3061: 3060: 3054: 3033: 3027: 3011: 2976: 2964: 2958: 2945: 2939: 2926: 2920: 2904: 2898: 2885: 2860: 2848: 2842: 2829: 2823: 2810: 2804: 2791: 2785: 2772: 2766: 2750: 2744: 2731: 2725: 2709: 2696: 2690: 2674: 2668: 2651: 2637: 2617: 2611: 2598: 2592: 2571: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2563: 2547: 2511: 2485: 2458: 2432: 2430:Dallas, p. 160 2423: 2414: 2402: 2390: 2381: 2379:Stacey, p. 264 2372: 2363: 2354: 2342: 2340:Stacey, p. 263 2333: 2304: 2295: 2286: 2270: 2268:D'Este, p. 458 2252: 2236: 2224: 2204: 2190: 2178: 2176:D'Este, p. 456 2169: 2155: 2143: 2125: 2116: 2107: 2098: 2096:Dallas, p. 158 2089: 2087:Stacey, p. 262 2075: 2059: 2041: 2032: 2030:Wilmot, p. 422 2023: 2014: 2002: 1990: 1988:Stacey, p. 261 1981: 1965: 1953: 1944: 1935: 1933:Stacey, p. 260 1923: 1914: 1905: 1879: 1863: 1854: 1845: 1836: 1834:D'Este, p. 404 1827: 1813: 1804: 1795: 1786: 1768: 1740: 1724: 1712: 1690: 1681: 1668: 1660: 1659: 1649: 1639: 1630: 1621: 1612: 1602: 1592: 1583: 1574: 1524: 1523: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1511: 1504: 1501: 1496:Call of Duty 3 1490: 1487: 1437: 1434: 1395: 1392: 1254: 1251: 1194: 1191: 1168: 1165: 1112:Falaise Pocket 1064:). Crerar and 984:Falaise pocket 971: 968: 939:Falaise pocket 884: 883: 881: 880: 868: 867: 856: 849: 842: 835: 828: 821: 814: 807: 800: 787: 786: 781: 779:Pierres Noires 776: 771: 766: 755: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 707: 700: 699: 698: 686: 679: 672: 659: 658: 653: 646: 639: 634: 627: 620: 613: 606: 599: 594: 593: 592: 582: 581: 580: 575: 573:Villers-Bocage 563: 558: 549: 548: 547: 546: 536: 535: 534: 524: 519: 514: 509: 507:Brécourt Manor 496: 495: 494: 493: 488: 478: 477: 476: 460: 459: 457:Port-en-Bessin 454: 449: 444: 439: 428: 427: 422: 417: 402: 401: 396: 391: 386: 381: 368: 367: 360: 359: 358: 353: 333: 332: 327: 322: 315: 308: 306:Transport Plan 303: 298: 293: 292: 291: 286: 279: 272: 258: 249: 246: 245: 234: 232: 231: 224: 217: 209: 201: 200: 197: 194:351 casualties 191: 190: 186: 185: 182: 179:1,500 infantry 176: 175: 171: 170: 158: 145: 144: 140: 139: 127: 114: 113: 109: 108: 105: 104: 103:Polish victory 101: 97: 96: 63: 61: 57: 56: 53: 45: 44: 34: 33: 26: 25: 19: 18: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6928: 6927: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6892: 6890: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6854: 6851: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6801:Atlantic Wall 6799: 6798: 6796: 6792: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6756: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6711: 6709: 6707:Gun batteries 6705: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6674: 6672: 6668: 6661: 6658: 6655: 6652: 6649: 6646: 6641: 6640:Pointe du Hoc 6638: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6629: 6626: 6625: 6623: 6611: 6604: 6601: 6598: 6595: 6592: 6589: 6586: 6583: 6580: 6577: 6574: 6571: 6568: 6565: 6562: 6559: 6556: 6553: 6552: 6550: 6546: 6539: 6536: 6533: 6530: 6527: 6524: 6521: 6518: 6515: 6512: 6509: 6506: 6503: 6500: 6497: 6494: 6491: 6488: 6485: 6484: 6480: 6477: 6474: 6471: 6468: 6465: 6462: 6459: 6456: 6453: 6450: 6447: 6444: 6441: 6438: 6435: 6432: 6429: 6426: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6412: 6409: 6406: 6403: 6402: 6400: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6387:Western Front 6380: 6375: 6373: 6368: 6366: 6361: 6360: 6357: 6344: 6340: 6337: 6333: 6330: 6329: 6324: 6317: 6316: 6313: 6300: 6296: 6293: 6289: 6286: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6275: 6270: 6266: 6265: 6263: 6262:Kuril Islands 6259: 6256: 6252: 6247: 6243: 6242: 6240: 6236: 6233: 6229: 6226: 6222: 6219: 6215: 6212: 6208: 6203: 6199: 6198: 6196: 6192: 6189: 6185: 6182: 6178: 6175: 6171: 6168: 6164: 6161: 6157: 6154: 6150: 6147: 6143: 6140: 6136: 6133: 6129: 6126: 6122: 6119: 6115: 6112: 6108: 6105: 6101: 6098: 6094: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6085: 6078: 6074: 6069: 6068: 6063: 6062: 6060: 6056: 6053: 6049: 6044: 6040: 6039: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6029:Syrmian Front 6026: 6023: 6019: 6016: 6012: 6009: 6005: 6002: 6001: 5996: 5993: 5992: 5987: 5984: 5980: 5977: 5976: 5975:Market Garden 5971: 5968: 5964: 5961: 5957: 5954: 5950: 5947: 5946: 5941: 5938: 5934: 5931: 5927: 5924: 5920: 5917: 5913: 5910: 5906: 5903: 5899: 5896: 5895: 5890: 5887: 5883: 5880: 5879: 5874: 5871: 5870: 5865: 5862: 5861: 5856: 5853: 5849: 5846: 5842: 5839: 5835: 5834:Monte Cassino 5831: 5828: 5827: 5822: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5813: 5806: 5802: 5797: 5793: 5790: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5779: 5776: 5772: 5769: 5765: 5762: 5758: 5755: 5751: 5746: 5742: 5741: 5739: 5735: 5732: 5728: 5725: 5724: 5719: 5716: 5712: 5709: 5705: 5702: 5698: 5695: 5691: 5688: 5684: 5681: 5677: 5674: 5670: 5667: 5663: 5662: 5660: 5658: 5654: 5647: 5643: 5640: 5639: 5634: 5631: 5627: 5624: 5620: 5617: 5616: 5611: 5608: 5604: 5601: 5597: 5594: 5590: 5587: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5572: 5569: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5558: 5555: 5551: 5548: 5544: 5541: 5537: 5534: 5530: 5527: 5523: 5520: 5516: 5513: 5509: 5506: 5502: 5499: 5495: 5492: 5488: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5479: 5472: 5468: 5465: 5461: 5458: 5454: 5451: 5447: 5444: 5440: 5437: 5433: 5430: 5426: 5423: 5419: 5416: 5412: 5409: 5405: 5402: 5398: 5395: 5391: 5388: 5384: 5381: 5377: 5374: 5370: 5367: 5363: 5360: 5356: 5353: 5349: 5346: 5342: 5338: 5337: 5332: 5328: 5323: 5319: 5318: 5316: 5312: 5309: 5305: 5302: 5298: 5295: 5291: 5288: 5284: 5279: 5275: 5274: 5272: 5268: 5265: 5261: 5258: 5254: 5251: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5238: 5231: 5230: 5225: 5222: 5218: 5215: 5211: 5208: 5204: 5201: 5200:Baltic states 5197: 5194: 5190: 5187: 5183: 5180: 5176: 5173: 5169: 5166: 5162: 5159: 5155: 5152: 5148: 5145: 5141: 5138: 5134: 5131: 5127: 5124: 5120: 5117: 5113: 5110: 5106: 5103: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5094: 5090: 5083: 5079: 5076: 5072: 5069: 5065: 5062: 5058: 5055: 5051: 5048: 5044: 5041: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5032: 5028: 5019: 5015: 5012: 5008: 5005: 5001: 4998: 4994: 4991: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4980: 4975: 4971: 4968: 4964: 4963: 4961: 4957: 4952: 4948: 4947: 4945: 4941: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4923: 4912: 4908: 4905: 4901: 4896: 4892: 4889: 4885: 4884: 4880: 4875: 4871: 4870: 4868: 4864: 4861: 4857: 4852: 4848: 4845: 4844:United States 4841: 4836: 4832: 4831: 4829: 4825: 4824: 4820: 4817: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4804: 4797: 4793: 4788: 4784: 4781: 4780:Quốc dân Đảng 4777: 4776: 4772: 4769: 4765: 4762: 4758: 4755: 4751: 4748: 4744: 4741: 4737: 4734: 4730: 4727: 4723: 4720: 4716: 4713: 4709: 4706: 4702: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4688: 4685: 4681: 4678: 4674: 4669: 4665: 4662: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4651: 4648: 4644: 4641: 4637: 4634: 4630: 4627: 4623: 4620: 4616: 4613: 4609: 4606: 4602: 4599: 4595: 4592: 4588: 4585: 4581: 4578: 4574: 4571: 4567: 4564: 4560: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4546: 4543: 4539: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4530: 4523: 4519: 4516: 4512: 4509: 4505: 4502: 4498: 4495: 4491: 4488: 4484: 4481: 4480:Liechtenstein 4477: 4474: 4470: 4467: 4463: 4460: 4456: 4453: 4449: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4440: 4433: 4429: 4426: 4422: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4404: 4400: 4397: 4393: 4390: 4386: 4381: 4377: 4376: 4373: 4369: 4366: 4362: 4359: 4355: 4352: 4348: 4345: 4341: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4323: 4319: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4301: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4288: 4281: 4277: 4272: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4264:United States 4261: 4256: 4252: 4251: 4249: 4245: 4242: 4238: 4235: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4221: 4217: 4214: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4195: 4191: 4188: 4184: 4181: 4177: 4174: 4170: 4167: 4163: 4160: 4156: 4153: 4149: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4127: 4123: 4120: 4116: 4113: 4109: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4079: 4075: 4072: 4068: 4065: 4061: 4058: 4054: 4051: 4047: 4044: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4014: 4011: 4007: 4004: 4000: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3982: 3969: 3965: 3962: 3958: 3955: 3954:Comfort women 3951: 3948: 3944: 3941: 3938: / 3937: 3933: 3930: 3927: / 3926: 3923: / 3922: 3918: 3915: 3914:Camp brothels 3911: 3908: 3904: 3903: 3899: 3896: 3892: 3887: 3883: 3880: 3876: 3875: 3873: 3869: 3864: 3860: 3857: 3853: 3850: 3846: 3845: 3843: 3839: 3836: 3832: 3827: 3823: 3818: 3814: 3811: 3807: 3806: 3804: 3803:The Holocaust 3800: 3797: 3793: 3790: 3789:forced labour 3786: 3785: 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Da Capo. 2908:Reid, Brian 2621:Copp, Terry 1355:Sd.Kfz. 251 1237:Nebelwerfer 1224:Nebelwerfer 1215: [ 1161:River Dives 1114:to General 1069:Guy Simonds 1054:Second Army 927:River Seine 914:during the 832:Houndsworth 752:La Rochelle 87: / 6889:Categories 6826:Rhino tank 6714:Amfreville 6398:Operations 6167:West Hunan 6000:Pointblank 5336:Silver Fox 5322:Summer War 5075:Winter War 5054:Phoney War 4835:Azerbaijan 4796:Yugoslavia 4691:Luxembourg 4533:Resistance 4280:Yugoslavia 4145:Luxembourg 3947:Sook Ching 3743:War crimes 3345:Technology 3338:Opposition 3280:Lend-Lease 3257:Australian 3250:Home front 3208:Blitzkrieg 3158:Casualties 3149:Commanders 3121:Operations 2892:. Helion. 2817:. Sutton. 2798:. Osprey. 2568:References 2530:Ziff Davis 1610:strength". 1178:Vimoutiers 1174:Mont Ormel 1157:St Lambert 1093:1st Polish 970:Background 878:Cemeteries 732:Saint-Malo 301:Pointblank 72:48°50′16″N 6670:Logistics 6585:Cherbourg 6532:Tractable 6458:Fortitude 6434:Charnwood 6232:Manchuria 6118:Indochina 5894:Bagration 5345:Lithuania 4990:Anschluss 4787:Viet Minh 4684:Lithuania 4626:Hong Kong 4396:Manchukuo 4351:Azad Hind 4010:Australia 3810:Aftermath 3673:Paperclip 3568:Aftermath 3368:Total war 3236:Diplomacy 3199:In Europe 3005:20 August 2992:317692683 2715:(1999) . 2623:(2004) . 2578:(2004) . 2540:April 11, 1665:Citations 1520:Footnotes 1436:Aftermath 1394:21 August 1253:20 August 1231:Psie Pole 1193:19 August 1145:Champeaux 1124:Coudehard 1085:Cintheaux 1083:and near 1060:(General 1045:(General 1007:launched 900:Coudehard 894:, or the 872:Aftermath 825:Bulbasket 774:Cherbourg 711:Tractable 624:Charnwood 539:Cherbourg 463:Logistics 269:Fortitude 262:Bodyguard 181:~80 tanks 75:0°08′34″E 6838:(France) 6794:See also 6770:Hill 262 6744:Merville 6729:Houlgate 6724:Crisbecq 6719:Azeville 6656:(Canada) 6599:(Canada) 6579:Chambois 6573:Carentan 6561:Bréville 6540:(Canada) 6526:Totalize 6510:(Canada) 6486:(German) 6464:Goodwood 6428:Bluecoat 6424:(Canada) 6422:Atlantic 6405:Overlord 6343:Category 6292:document 6202:document 6059:Ardennes 6043:Budapest 5991:Crossbow 5869:Overlord 5708:Smolensk 4926:Timeline 4761:Slovakia 4747:Thailand 4598:Ethiopia 4563:Bulgaria 4487:Portugal 4425:Thailand 4307:Bulgaria 4085:Eswatini 4078:Ethiopia 4031:Bulgaria 3856:Unit 731 3817:Response 3634:Keelhaul 3584:Cold War 3557:Americas 3548:timeline 3541:Atlantic 3421:Theaters 3017:(2003). 2970:(1946). 2910:(2005). 2854:(1967). 2756:(2001). 2680:(1983). 2647:56329119 2534:Archived 2478:June 18, 1503:See also 1466:monument 1422:Cromwell 1410:Zameczek 1317:Shermans 1309:Zameczek 1289:Zameczek 1283:and the 1242:Zameczek 1120:Chambois 1013:Brittany 931:7th Army 904:Normandy 892:Hill 262 846:Jedburgh 769:La Caine 722:Chambois 717:Hill 262 696:Hill 140 690:Totalize 683:Bluecoat 662:Breakout 650:Goodwood 643:Atlantic 637:2nd Odon 561:Bréville 527:Carentan 522:Saint-Lô 512:Graignes 486:Mulberry 469:American 319:Tarbrush 276:Zeppelin 196:11 tanks 174:Strength 60:Location 29:Part of 6548:Battles 6538:Windsor 6514:Titanic 6496:Martlet 6490:Mallard 6483:Lüttich 6476:Jupiter 6411:Neptune 6269:Shumshu 6036:Hungary 5983:Estonia 5967:Lapland 5945:Dragoon 5878:Neptune 5860:Ichi-Go 5826:Tempest 5768:Changde 5723:Cottage 5615:Jubilee 5331:Finland 5229:Compass 4935:Prelude 4888:Finland 4774:Vietnam 4740:Romania 4612:Germany 4591:Estonia 4577:Denmark 4556:Belgium 4549:Austria 4542:Albania 4473:Ireland 4459:Andorra 4443:Neutral 4410:Romania 4344:Hungary 4329:Finland 4201:Romania 4093:Finland 4071:Denmark 4017:Belgium 4003:Algeria 3709:Romania 3695:Hungary 3451:Pacific 3175:General 3129:Leaders 3114:Battles 3107:Outline 2879:6 March 2504:21 June 2451:21 June 2326:28 June 1898:21 June 1550:12th SS 1546:10th SS 1451:Maczuga 1403:sealed. 1329:12th SS 1325:10th SS 1183:Maczuga 910:in the 860:Wallace 853:Dragoon 811:Titanic 804:Samwest 797:Dingson 727:Falaise 704:Lüttich 631:Jupiter 617:Windsor 603:Martlet 597:Douvres 532:Hill 30 481:British 394:Detroit 389:Chicago 364:Mallard 283:Titanic 251:Prelude 137:Germany 6508:Spring 6246:Debate 6218:Taipei 6211:Borneo 5789:Tarawa 4983:Europe 4944:Africa 4733:Poland 4719:Norway 4698:Malaya 4677:Latvia 4619:Greece 4605:France 4501:Sweden 4466:Bhutan 4194:Poland 4180:Norway 4152:Mexico 4119:Greece 4105:France 4043:Canada 4024:Brazil 3994:Allies 3940:Serbia 3929:Poland 3702:Poland 3688:Baltic 3481:Europe 3183:Topics 3135:Allied 3052: 3046:Hodder 3025: 2990: 2956: 2937: 2918: 2896: 2840: 2821: 2802: 2783: 2764: 2742: 2723: 2688: 2666: 2645: 2635: 2609: 2590: 1542:9th SS 1538:2nd SS 1534:1st SS 1414:tracer 1331:, and 1187:Polish 1017:bocage 982:, and 862:& 839:Loyton 818:Cooney 764:Ushant 676:Spring 436:Gambit 399:Elmira 384:Boston 379:Albany 330:Fabius 125:Poland 100:Result 6806:D-Day 6739:Maisy 6692:Pluto 6660:Sword 6636:(US) 6634:Omaha 6555:Brest 6520:Tonga 6502:Perch 6452:Epsom 6440:Cobra 6022:Leyte 5852:Narva 5838:Anzio 5796:Makin 5754:Burma 5638:Torch 5607:Rzhev 5568:Kiska 4654:Korea 4640:Japan 4633:Italy 4515:Tibet 4494:Spain 4372:Italy 4133:Italy 4126:India 4050:China 3925:Japan 3525:Italy 3437:China 3389:Women 2999:(PDF) 2984:(PDF) 1647:area. 1570:326th 1566:277th 1558:116th 1515:Notes 1455:Tiger 1333:116th 1219:] 864:Hardy 747:Paris 737:Brest 669:Cobra 610:Epsom 567:Perch 544:Naval 491:Pluto 442:Sword 415:Omaha 345:Tonga 325:Tiger 6662:(UK) 6654:Juno 6650:(UK) 6648:Gold 6642:(US) 6630:(US) 6628:Utah 6605:(UK) 6593:(UK) 6587:(US) 6575:(US) 6567:Caen 6563:(UK) 6557:(US) 6516:(UK) 6504:(UK) 6498:(UK) 6492:(UK) 6478:(UK) 6472:(UK) 6466:(UK) 6454:(UK) 6448:(UK) 6442:(US) 6430:(UK) 6088:1945 5816:1944 5657:1943 5585:Blue 5575:Attu 5482:1942 5241:1941 5093:1940 5031:1939 4960:Asia 4807:POWs 4647:Jews 4365:Iraq 4291:Axis 4241:Tuva 4057:Cuba 3142:Axis 3050:ISBN 3023:ISBN 3007:2008 2988:OCLC 2954:ISBN 2935:ISBN 2916:ISBN 2894:ISBN 2881:2014 2838:ISBN 2819:ISBN 2800:ISBN 2781:ISBN 2762:ISBN 2740:ISBN 2721:ISBN 2686:ISBN 2664:ISBN 2643:OCLC 2633:ISBN 2607:ISBN 2588:ISBN 2542:2020 2506:2010 2480:2008 2453:2010 2328:2010 1900:2010 1657:239. 1556:and 1147:the 1143:and 1141:Trun 1091:and 556:Caen 452:Gold 447:Juno 420:Utah 52:Date 2525:IGN 1554:2nd 1028:'s 902:in 6891:: 6389:, 5836:/ 3048:. 3044:. 2873:15 2871:. 2867:. 2641:. 2528:. 2522:. 2405:^ 2393:^ 2345:^ 2307:^ 2273:^ 2255:^ 2239:^ 2227:^ 2207:^ 2193:^ 2181:^ 2158:^ 2146:^ 2128:^ 2078:^ 2062:^ 2044:^ 2005:^ 1993:^ 1968:^ 1956:^ 1926:^ 1866:^ 1816:^ 1771:^ 1743:^ 1727:^ 1715:^ 1693:^ 1672:^ 1568:, 1552:, 1548:, 1544:, 1540:, 1536:, 1327:, 1217:pl 1185:, 978:, 6621:) 6619:E 6617:→ 6615:W 6378:e 6371:t 6364:v 5339:) 5333:( 4207:) 4203:( 4139:) 4135:( 4099:) 4095:( 4037:) 4033:( 3087:e 3080:t 3073:v 3058:. 3031:. 3009:. 2962:. 2943:. 2924:. 2902:. 2883:. 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