431:
future, but a reduction of more than 25% in suitable habitat could be challenging, especially in cases of transboundary bear populations. Various conservation agencies of
Himalayan black bear countries can facilitate to work together and develop corridors to enhance connectivity between them. The protection and management of selected hotspot areas with significant intact habitat can also provide more area and facilitate dispersal among populations, leading to an increase in the chances of gene flow that results in genetic diversity and an increase in population size of the species. Current nature reserves/protected areas should be upgraded by connecting adjacent suitable habitats. In countries with low bear populations, such as Nepal and Bangladesh, the reduction in suitable habitat could be most severe. Thus, establishing movement corridors between these protected areas is a key means for helping to conserve this species.
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298:. During the summer, black bears can be found in warmer areas in Nepal, China, Bhutan, India and Tibet up near the timberline. The species prefers moist temperate forest mixed with deciduous broad-leaved forest, and mixture of oak, and thick dense under layer of shrubby vegetation between 1500 m to 3000 m elevation, and subtropical pine forest between 900 m to 1700 m elevation. For winter, they descend as low as 5,000 feet (1,500 metres), to more tropical forests. The species might with the distribution of
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61:
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into agricultural land as well as other anthropogenic pressures are significantly influencing the black bear population and its habitat
Climate change is predicted to cause a shift in the existing suitable area or increase the suitable area for the Asiatic black bears, leading to disturbances in habitat connectivity.
382:
such as sheep, goats, and cattle. In spring black bear nourishes itself by using juicy flora; following summer it takes insects, fruits, and different vegetation while in autumn it feeds on nuts and acorns, simultaneously taking a high ratio of meat. During autumn, it moves and covers a long distance
430:
Therefore, it is necessary to establish climate refugia and corridors that can enhance connectivity between countries and facilitate the dispersal of bear populations. Research suggests that more than 70% of suitable habitat in the
Himalyan Black Bear habitat will remain as climate refugia in the
426:
Over the last thirty years, the world black bear population has declined by 30–40% and it is predicted that the same rate will continue for the next thirty years unless effective conservation measures are implemented. Habitat fragmentation, habitat loss and destruction, conversion of bear habitat
261:
by its longer, thicker fur and smaller, whiter chest mark. The species is considered an ecological indicator and a keystone species of the environment. The species plays a vital role as a primary seed disperser in maintaining the stability of the ecosystem. On average, they measure from 56 to 65
265:
The
Himalayan black bear is typically nocturnal and elusive, although it has been observed during the day. It hibernates throughout the winter in the northwestern Himalayas, while it is usually active during the entire year in the eastern Himalayas.
491:
386:
It is physiologically adapted for arboreal feeding, with its relatively heavy front quarters and short curved claws providing support for its frugivorous feeding habits (Mattson 1998). The species mainly ate soft mast (e.g.,
423:; these have all reduced the bear's habitat. There is also a high mortality rate among the newborn. And even though hunting of the black bear has been forbidden since 1977, there is still a large problem with poaching.
262:
inches (140 to 170 cm) nose to tail and weigh from 200 to 265 pounds (91 to 120 kg), though they may weigh as much as 400 pounds (180 kilograms) in the fall, when they are fattening up for hibernation.
342:
Several authors reported that the bear shifts their habitats following a change in food abundance, i.e., the seasonal migration of bears at different altitudes change with the food availability. They are
407:
at approximately three years. Mating occurs in
October with usually two cubs born in February, while the mother is still hibernating. The offspring usually stay with their mother into the second year.
483:
329:
459:
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395:.), green vegetation, crops (such as maize, millet and potato), cultivated fruits (date palm, pear, banana, papaya, apple and peach), mammals and insects.
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Koike, Shinsuke; Morimoto, Hideto; Kozakai, Chinatsu; Arimoto, Isao; Yamazaki, Koji; Iwaoka, Masahiro; Soga, Masashi; Koganezawa, Masaaki (March 2012).
790:"High genetic diversity and distinct ancient lineage of Asiatic black bears revealed by non-invasive surveys in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal"
1117:
1037:
1063:
788:
Kadariya, Rabin; Shimozuru, Michito; Maldonado, Jesús E.; Moustafa, Mohamed
Abdallah Mohamed; Sashika, Mariko; Tsubota, Toshio (2018-12-05).
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to explore food for survival just before the hibernation when food requirements increase, resulting in high conflict by the end of autumn.
1122:
702:"Projected shifts in the distribution range of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in the Hindu Kush Himalaya due to climate change"
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274:
The species' fossilized remains were discovered in
Germany and France, but currently, it only exists in Asia, mainly confined in the
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448:
528:
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323:
622:"Seed removal and survival in Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus faeces: effect of rodents as secondary seed dispersers"
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896:"Status of the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus in the southeastern region of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal"
1002:
1076:
1094:
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Waseem, Muhammad; Mahmood, Tariq; Hussain, Abid; Hamid, Abdul; Akrim, Faraz; Andleeb, Shaista; Fatima, Hira (2020).
1147:
1137:
952:
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Zahoor, Babar; Liu, Xuehua; Kumar, Lalit; Dai, Yunchuan; Tripathy, Bismay Ranjan; Songer, Melissa (July 2021).
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749:"Ecology and Human Conflict of Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus laniger) in Mansehra District, Pakistan"
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583:"Asiatic black bear–human interactions around Dachigam National Park, Kashmir, India"
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creatures (like most bears) and will eat just about anything. Their diet consists of
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1016:
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416:
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This subspecies is listed as 'vulnerable' due to encroachment of human population,
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857:"Distinguishing Asiatic Black Bears and Sun Bears by Claw Marks on Climbed Trees"
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across
Myanmar and northeast India to possibly Nepal in the Himalayan range.
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Charoo, Samina A.; Sharma, Lalit K.; Sathyakumar, S. (November 2011).
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Prunus spp., Rubus spp., Machilus spp. and
Ziziphus spina-christi)
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364:
147:
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554:"The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma"
517:"The Black and Brown Bears of Europe and Asia: Part II"
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Steinmetz, Robert; Garshelis, David L. (April 2008).
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661:
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Status, threats and future conservation implications
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Quercus spp., Pinus spp., Fagus spp. and
Juglans spp
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521:The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
894:Bista, Rabindra; Aryal, Achyut (2013-03-01).
378:. If food is scarce, they may turn to eating
8:
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31:
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333:Bears playing or fighting in the water
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7:
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672:. Bears Of The World. Archived from
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25:
1118:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
84:
531:from the original on 2017-08-05
494:from the original on 2023-02-08
465:from the original on 2022-07-06
861:Journal of Wildlife Management
367:, and various insects such as
229:Selenarctos thibetanus laniger
1:
449:"Hinalayan black bear report"
324:Khangchendzonga National Park
920:10.1080/21658005.2013.774813
815:10.1371/journal.pone.0207662
718:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101312
753:Pakistan Journal of Zoology
255:. It is distinguished from
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599:10.2192/ursus-d-10-00021.1
1123:Mammals described in 1932
953:Jigme Dorji National Park
251:) is a subspecies of the
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81:Scientific classification
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57:
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39:
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1003:Ursus thibetanus laniger
973:Ursus thibetanus laniger
322:Himalayan black bear in
270:Distribution and habitat
248:Ursus thibetanus laniger
204:Ursus thibetanus laniger
27:Subspecies of carnivore
1153:Fauna of the Himalayas
706:Ecological Informatics
670:"Himalayan Black Bear"
334:
326:
944:Himalayan black bear
332:
321:
35:Himalayan black bear
668:Bears Of The World.
314:Behavior and ecology
243:Himalayan black bear
1143:Mammals of Pakistan
1133:Carnivorans of Asia
1128:Asiatic black bears
912:2013ZooEc..23...83B
900:Zoology and Ecology
806:2018PLoSO..1307662K
484:"Bears - WWF-India"
391:, hard mast (e. g.
51:Conservation status
568:Taylor and Francis
456:ancardchula.gov.np
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186:U. t. laniger
172:U. thibetanus
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965:Taxon identifiers
421:timber industries
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16:(Redirected from
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1148:Mammals of Nepal
1138:Mammals of India
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632:(1): 24–34.
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180:Subspecies:
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1051:iNaturalist
997:Wikispecies
403:They reach
1112:Categories
712:: 101312.
566:. London:
535:2018-02-21
498:2023-02-10
469:2023-02-10
435:References
345:omnivorous
308:thibetanus
66:Vulnerable
988:Q11954112
928:2165-8005
881:0022-541X
824:1932-6203
775:0030-9923
734:235508703
726:1574-9541
648:1903-220X
607:1537-6176
380:livestock
276:Himalayas
166:Species:
138:Carnivora
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
1082:14000993
982:Wikidata
955:, Bhutan
842:30517155
794:PLOS ONE
680:20 March
559:Mammalia
552:(1941).
529:Archived
515:(1932).
492:Archived
460:Archived
419:and the
399:Breeding
369:termites
296:Pakistan
220:Synonyms
144:Family:
128:Mammalia
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
1095:2495590
1043:6163865
1030:1265194
908:Bibcode
833:6281213
802:Bibcode
154:Genus:
148:Ursidae
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
1069:726999
1056:554363
946:versus
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879:
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724:
646:
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376:larvae
373:beetle
349:acorns
294:, and
284:Bhutan
213:, 1932
211:Pocock
1017:5LPXF
759:(4).
730:S2CID
587:Ursus
463:(PDF)
452:(PDF)
365:roots
361:honey
357:fruit
292:China
288:Nepal
280:India
159:Ursus
1090:NCBI
1064:ITIS
1038:GBIF
924:ISSN
877:ISSN
838:PMID
820:ISSN
771:ISSN
722:ISSN
682:2015
644:ISSN
603:ISSN
371:and
353:nuts
338:Diet
241:The
1077:MSW
1025:EoL
1012:CoL
951:at
916:doi
869:doi
828:PMC
810:doi
761:doi
714:doi
634:doi
595:doi
278:of
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304:t
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245:(
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