1454:
spouse. Divorce can be sought by husband or wife on certain grounds, including: continuous period of desertion for two or more years, conversion to a religion other than Hindu, mental abnormality, venereal disease, and leprosy. A wife can also present a petition for the dissolution of marriage on the grounds that the husband marries again after the commencement of his first marriage or if the husband has been guilty of rape, sodomy, or bestiality. Newly married couples cannot file a petition for divorce within one year of marriage. There are some exceptions to file a petition within one year of marriage and that are discussed later under section 14.
1481:
resources to sustain themselves. The court considers various factors such as the income, assets, and liabilities of both parties, as well as their individual needs and circumstances, while determining the amount of alimony or maintenance to be awarded. Section 24 of the Act empowers either spouse to seek financial support from the other party during the ongoing legal proceedings. The objective is to ensure that the dependent spouse can maintain a reasonable standard of living and have the necessary resources to meet their day-to-day expenses. It aims to provide temporary relief to the financially weaker spouse until a final settlement is reached.
1593:"female"). However, the Hindu Marriage Act was a codification of the ancient Sastrik law by the colonial government for the purpose of regulating issues such as divorce. Application of the "mischief rule" in this situation allows homosexual marriage to be allowed under the current reading of the Hindu Marriage Act, as what "the statute aims at relieving is the regulation of marriage, and not that two same-sex individuals could marry each other. The Act is a codifying statute, and not a penal or disabling statute" and that it was improperly codified.
1341:. Therefore, there was fierce religious opposition to enacting such laws for marriage, succession and adoption. The greatest opposition was to the provision of divorce, something which is anathema to the Hindu religion. Also resisted was the principle of equal inheritance by sons and daughters regardless of whether the daughter was married or unwed. This was contrary to the Hindu view of family, where married daughters were regarded as belonging to the family of their husband, not to the family of their father.
1574:
institution of marriage. But there may be occasions when in order to do complete justice to the parties it becomes necessary for this court to invoke its powers under
Article 142 in an irreconcilable situation (between the couple). When it has not been possible for the parties to live together and to discharge their marital obligations towards each other for more than one year, we see no reason to continue the agony of the parties for another two months."
1551:: Hon’ble Supreme Court of India held that it can exercise power under Article 142(1) to grant a decree of divorce by mutual consent and can bypass the provisions of section 13B of The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Hon’ble Supreme Court of India also recognized its discretionary power to dissolve a marriage on the grounds of irretrievable breakdown, which is otherwise not provided under section 13 of The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.
2469:
31:
117:
1423:
Register. This registration is for the purpose of facilitating the proof of Hindu marriages. All rules made in this section may be laid before the state legislature. The Hindu
Marriage Register should be open for inspection at all reasonable times and should be admissible as evidence of the statements contained therein.
1509:
However, there was opposition to this bill due to the objection that it will create hardships for women and that the bill strongly supports one party while both parties should be treated equal in divorce. Therefore, the bill was amended to provide for the wife's consent for waiver of six-month notice
1306:
The Act was viewed as conservative because it applied to any person who is Hindu by religion in any of its forms, yet groups other religions into the act (Jains, Buddhists, or Sikhs) as specified in
Article 44 of the Indian Constitution. However, with the passage of Anand Marriage (Amendment) Bill in
1592:
opinioned same-sex marriage within historical
Hinduism, that homosexual acts are not forbidden under the Act, and that marriage is a fundamental constitutional right. If literally interpreted, the terms "groom" and "bride" may be viewed as referring to narrow definitions based on genders ("male" and
1422:
As stated in
Section 8 of the Act, the state government may make rules for the registration of Hindu marriages that the parties to any of such marriages may have particulars relating to their marriages entered in such a manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed in the Hindu Marriage
1501:
New section 13E provides restriction on decree for divorce affecting children born out of wedlock and states that a court shall not pass a decree of divorce under section 13C unless the court is satisfied that adequate provision for the maintenance of children born out of the marriage has been made
1462:
Under section 13 B of the Act, mutual divorce is a provision that allows both the husband and wife to dissolve their marriage by mutual consent. It is a legal procedure that offers an amicable and less adversarial approach to ending a marital relationship. Mutual divorce provides an opportunity for
1310:
A marriage is directly registered by the
Registrar of Marriage under section 8 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 on the same working day when applied. Verification of all the documents is carried out on the date of application and thereafter Marriage is registered on the same working day by the registrar
1569:
The
Supreme Court of India exercised its powers under Article 142 of the Constitution of India and ruled in August 2012 that marriages can be ended by mutual consent before expiry of the cooling period of six months stipulated in the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Section 13-B of the Hindu Marriage Act
1431:
As stated in section 9 of the act, in cases where either the husband or the wife has withdrawn from the society of the other without reasonable excuse, the aggrieved party may apply to the district court for restitution of conjugal rights. If the court is satisfied with the truth of the statements
1325:
According to
Hinduism, marriage is a sacred relationship. In some Hindu systems of marriage, there is no role for the state as marriage remained a private affair within the social realm. Within this traditional framework reference, marriage is undoubtedly the most important transitional point in a
1497:
It also provides a better safeguard to wives by inserting section 13D by which the wife may oppose the grant of a decree on the grounds that the dissolution of the marriage will result in grave financial hardship to her and that it would in all the circumstances be wrong to dissolve the marriage.
1242:
and others. Besides amending and codifying
Sastrik Law, it also included separation and divorce, which also exist in Sastrik Law. This enactment brought uniformity of law for all sections of Hindus. In India there are religion-specific civil codes that separately govern adherents of certain other
1400:
Section 6 of the Hindu
Marriage Act specifies the bride's guardianship for marriage. Wherever the consent of a guardian in marriage is necessary for a bride under this Act, the persons entitled to give such consent are the following: the father; the mother; the paternal grandfather; the paternal
1480:
Section 25 of the Act allows either spouse, after the finalization of divorce or judicial separation, to approach the court for an order of permanent alimony or maintenance. It aims to provide long-term financial support to the financially weaker spouse who may have limited earning capacity or
1453:
due to impotency, may be complete or partial impotency (for example conditions such as impotence quoad hoc), contravention of the valid consent mental illness condition specified in Section 5, or that the respondent at the time of the marriage was pregnant by someone other than the petitioning
1685:
The petitioners argued that they require legal recognition of their marriage because, unlike unregistered opposite-sex married couples, they often encounter officials who question the legitimacy of their relationship. The petitioners had to rely on personal connections and the goodwill of the
1573:
Pronouncing the judgment, Justice Altamas Kabir said: "It is no doubt true that the legislature had in its wisdom stipulated a cooling period of six months from the date of filing of a petition for mutual divorce till such divorce is actually granted, with the intention that it would save the
1505:
Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010 makes similar amendments to the Special Marriage Act, 1954 by replacing the words "not earlier than six months" in Section 28 with the words "Upon receipt of a petition" and provides restriction on decree for divorce affecting children born out of wedlock.
1081:
1471:
Under section 14 of the Act, the courts cannot accept a divorce request within one year of marriage. However, there's an exception where the court might consider a request before one year if a spouse can can demonstrate exceptional hardship or exceptional depravity from the other spouse.
1401:
grandmother; the brother by full blood; the brother by half blood; etc. The Guardianship For Marriage was repealed in 1978 after the Child Marriage Restraint Amendment was passed. This amendment increased the minimum age requirement for marriage in order to prevent child marriages.
1570:
provides for the couple seeking divorce through mutual consent to wait for a period of six months after making first joint application for divorce. It is only after the expiry of the six months that the couple can move second application for the dissolution of their marriage.
1686:
authorities to access social and economic rights that are automatically available to married couples. To make their case, they presented evidence of the difficulty they faced in simple tasks such as opening joint bank accounts and obtaining proof of residence.
1440:
Section 10 of the Act also provides for judicial separation, where either party to a marriage can present a petition for a decree of judicial separation. The court has the power to rescind the decree if it deems it just and reasonable to do so.
1493:
to making divorce easier on the grounds of irretrievable breakdown of marriage, was introduced in the parliament in 2012. The Bill replaces the words "not earlier than six months" in Section 13B with the words "Upon receipt of a petition."
1409:
Section 7 of the Hindu Marriage Act recognises the ceremonies and customs of marriage. Hindu marriage may be solemnised in accordance with the customary rites and ceremonies of either party. Such rites and rituals include the
1293:
by religion, unless it is proved that any such person would not have been governed by the Hindu law or by any custom or usage as part of that law in respect of any of the matters dealt with herein if this Act had not been
1076:
1830:
1348:
predicted in his later writings that despite some evidence of modernisation, the dominant view in Hindu society for the foreseeable future would remain that marriage is a form of social obligation.
1711:
1033:
988:
1377:
though capable of giving a valid consent, has been suffering from mental disorder of such a kind or to such an extent as to be unfit for marriage and the procreation of children;
1536:
for Hindus only. According to him, "If the Government really wants to bring about empowerment of women, let them make it open for all sections of the society. Let them bring a
1931:
2097:
1752:
1259:
to any person who is a Hindu by religion in any of its forms or developments, including a Virashaiva, a Lingayat or a follower of the Brahmo, Prarthana or Arya Samaj;
2190:
2493:
1414:—the taking of seven steps by the bridegroom and the bride jointly around the sacred fire. The marriage becomes complete and binding when the seventh step is taken.
1583:
1840:
1489:
Based on recommendations of the Law Commission, a legislation was proposed. The Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010 to amend the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 and the
2451:
2402:
2353:
2304:
1953:
2610:
731:
1141:
1696:
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the parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two;
2534:
2502:
2146:
2013:
2507:
2164:
2114:
2255:
1721:
1663:
1659:
2132:
998:
1607:
While most of the petitioners in the consolidated marriage case requested recognition of marriage under secular marriage laws, some of the
1189:
2569:
2564:
2434:
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2336:
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1227:
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1983:
1923:
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2615:
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1667:
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1961:
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2600:
1701:
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978:
320:
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121:
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Section 5. A marriage may be solemnised between any two Hindus, if the following conditions are fulfilled, namely
1111:
1066:
1061:
698:
1182:
1136:
1056:
648:
127:
1525:
1622:, Giti Thadani and G.Oorvasi. Nibedita Dutta and Pooja Srivastava, a Hindu lesbian couple who got married in
2150:
953:
464:
2389:
1716:
1639:
1008:
993:
897:
2417:
2021:
1706:
1679:
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of each other, unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two."
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948:
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643:
556:
347:
310:
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70:
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1619:
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Any marriage can be voidable and may be annulled on the following grounds: the marriage has not been
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1219:
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333:
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329:
80:
38:
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1835:
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and finds no legal ground to deny the application, it may decree restitution of conjugal rights.
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1131:
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511:
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2051:
1991:
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1816:
1647:
1151:
678:
593:
376:
2485:
1769:
1277:
to any other person domiciled in the territories to which this Act extends who is not a
1615:
1326:
Hindu's life and the most important of all the Hindu "sanskaras" (life-cycle rituals).
1300:
1238:
The main purpose of the act was to amend and codify the law relating to marriage among
1028:
963:
912:
474:
351:
263:
2224:"Can the Hindu Marriage Act be interpreted to allow same-sex marriages? – The Leaflet"
1611:
petitioners requested recognition under Hindu Marriage Act. These petitioners include
1374:
is incapable of giving a valid consent to it in consequence of unsoundness of mind; or
1344:
Some have argued that Hindu marriage cannot be subjected to legislative intervention.
2584:
1635:
1627:
1381:
the bridegroom has completed the age of twenty-one years at the time of the marriage;
1116:
1023:
983:
958:
943:
852:
833:
626:
576:
479:
437:
232:
1450:
806:
773:
386:
371:
305:
1913:
Menski, Werner. 2003. Hindu Law: Beyond Tradition and Modernity. Delhi: Oxford UP.
1463:
couples to part ways on agreed terms, minimizing conflict and emotional distress.
1753:"In Fact: Between void and voidable, scope for greater protection for girl child"
1299:
The Act applies to Hindus outside the territory of India only if such a Hindu is
1514:
1329:
The Congress Government changed the Hindu Marriage in 1955 by enactment of HMA,
1311:
of marriage appointed by the Govt. of India and marriage certificate is issued.
1106:
1013:
788:
778:
688:
673:
611:
469:
400:
337:
185:
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1282:
1018:
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638:
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361:
325:
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116:
49:
30:
1806:
1214:
enacted in 1955. Three other important acts were also enacted as part of the
1518:
1411:
842:
633:
566:
516:
442:
405:
381:
295:
246:
1884:
1793:
1643:
1630:. Sameer Samudra and Amit Gokhale, a Hindu gay couple who got married in
1623:
1559:
1502:
consistently with the financial capacity of the parties to the marriage.
1263:
968:
882:
703:
561:
395:
366:
251:
241:
205:
149:
1510:
with the words "Upon receipt of petitions by the husband and the wife."
2480:
1388:
1278:
1267:
907:
877:
870:
539:
521:
502:
484:
220:
190:
158:
2133:"Men wear sarees in Kolkata to protest against Marital Amendment Bill"
1307:
2012, Sikhs now also have their own personal law related to marriage.
1612:
1608:
1528:
groups. Hridaya, a Kolkata-based NGO, demonstrated against the bill.
1286:
1126:
1101:
754:
447:
215:
195:
178:
173:
168:
163:
2512:
1467:
No petition for divorce to be presented within one year of marriage
1862:
1532:(a men's rights activist) raised concern that the bill introduces
1271:
1239:
666:
621:
616:
526:
2372:
Kumar, Nupur; Lakdawalla, Hamza; Bhatt, Rohin (2 December 2022),
1290:
571:
225:
2516:
2165:"Rajya Sabha approves bill to make divorce friendly for women"
1924:"Arrest of police officer in unlawful detention under s 498A"
1808:
Department of Revenue, Rehabilitation and Disaster Management
1367:
neither party has a spouse living at the time of the marriage
2508:
Rajya Sabha approves bill to make divorce friendly for women
1885:"Hindu Marriage Act,1955 And Special Marriage Act, 1954"
58:
An Act to amend and codify the law relating to marriage
1712:
Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act 1986
1034:
List of child abuse cases featuring long-term detention
2254:
Awasthi, Raghav; Sharma, Mukesh (8 September 2020),
1333:
and then in 1983 by introduction of section 498A to
94:
86:
76:
66:
37:
23:
2416:Katju, Arundhati; Dhar, Surabhi (5 October 2020),
2191:"Marriages can be ended before cooling period: SC"
2257:Abhijit Iyer Mitra, Gopi Shankar M, Giti Thadani
2115:"Rajya Sabha passes women-friendly marriage bill"
1251:Section 2 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 says:
1794:"Sondur Gopal Vs Sondur Rajini (Supreme Court)"
1584:Arun Kumar v. Inspector General of Registration
1578:Arun Kumar v. Inspector General of Registration
1356:Section 5 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 states:-
2528:
1831:"Sikhs welcome passage of Anand Marriage Act"
1183:
725:
8:
2427:Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice.
2382:Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice.
2265:Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice.
2098:"Easier Divorce Bill Tabled in Rajya Sabha"
2014:"The Child Marriage Restraint Act in India"
1954:"Co parcenary – The system of copartionary"
1697:The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006
1370:at the time of the marriage, neither party-
2535:
2521:
2513:
2450:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2401:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2352:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2333:Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice
2303:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1764:
1762:
1190:
1176:
743:
732:
718:
284:
141:
111:
1565:Devinder Singh Narula vs Meenakshi Nangia
1517:in 2013, though it was not passed in the
1909:
1907:
1905:
2329:Pooja Srivastava Versus Union of India
1744:
1732:Mutual Divorce under Hindu Marriage Act
1722:Gullipilli Sowria Raj v. Bandaru Pavani
1646:between any two persons, regardless of
753:
746:
346:
278:
203:
144:
114:
55:
2443:
2394:
2367:
2365:
2363:
2345:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2296:
2249:
2247:
2245:
1560:https://indiankanoon.org/doc/53788682/
20:
2218:
2216:
1365:
7:
2611:Acts of the Parliament of India 1955
2491:Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010
2423:Ankita Khanna versus Union of India
1934:from the original on 8 December 2017
1485:Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010
763:Marriage and other unions and status
2378:Amit Gokhale versus Union of India
2323:Bhasin, Shally (18 November 2021),
1549:Shilpa Sailesh Vs Varun Sreenivasan
1524:Protest against the bill came from
1228:Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act
1224:Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act
2503:Marriage Laws (Amendment), Divorce
2486:PDF file of the Hindu Marriage Act
1540:. Why is it only for the Hindus?"
1077:Hague Convention (child abduction)
14:
2074:"Mutual Consent Divorce in India"
2467:
2261:G.Oorvasi versus Union of India
2149:. 26 August 2013. Archived from
115:
29:
2424:
2379:
2330:
2262:
2147:"Protest against Marriage Bill"
1863:"Hindu Court Marriage in Delhi"
1445:Nullity of marriage and divorce
1618:, such as Abhijit Iyer Mitra,
1427:Restitution of Conjugal Rights
1082:Hague Convention (maintenance)
1:
2570:Adoptions and Maintenance Act
2565:Minority and Guardianship Act
2044:"The Hindu Marriage Act 1955"
1984:"The Hindu Marriage Act 1955"
1638:. The petition requested the
1072:International child abduction
1810:– "Hindu Marriage Act, 1955"
1157:Paternal rights and abortion
2420:
2375:
2326:
2258:
1513:The Bill was passed by the
1303:in the territory of India.
1067:Hague Convention (adoption)
2637:
2435:Public Interest Litigation
2386:Public Interest Litigation
2337:Public Interest Litigation
2273:Public Interest Litigation
1702:Samskara (rite of passage)
1658:guaranteed under Articles
1600:
1581:
1491:Special Marriage Act, 1954
1331:Special Marriage Act, 1954
1318:
926:Parenting coordinator (US)
16:Indian federal legislation
2550:
1603:Supriyo v. Union of India
1597:Supriyo v. Union of India
1094:Family and criminal code
1052:Private international law
1046:Private international law
102:
44:
28:
2496:23 November 2012 at the
2474:Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
1865:. Courtmarriageindia.org
1337:and section 198A to the
1204:Hindu Marriage Act (HMA)
1137:Parental child abduction
984:Contact & visitation
871:Dissolution of marriages
24:Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
2481:H.M.A (Mobile Friendly)
1476:Alimony and Maintenance
1339:Criminal Procedure Code
1262:to any person who is a
2390:Supreme Court of India
2018:divorcelawyerindia.com
1717:Christian personal law
1616:queer rights activists
1555:P.Sivakumar vs S.Beula
1372:
1315:Hindu view of marriage
1257:
1218:during this time: the
999:UN Rights of the Child
994:Grandparent visitation
921:Custody evaluator (US)
898:Matrimonial Causes Act
2616:Marriage law in India
1707:Dowry system in India
1526:Men's rights movement
979:Filial responsibility
974:Tender years doctrine
949:DNA paternity testing
807:Validity of marriages
540:Emotions and feelings
2606:Nehru administration
2596:Marriage in Hinduism
1815:4 March 2016 at the
1620:Gopi Shankar Madurai
1387:the parties are not
1321:Marriage in Hinduism
1220:Hindu Succession Act
1162:Right to family life
824:Prenuptial agreement
819:Marriage certificate
794:Domestic partnership
2439:High Court of Delhi
2341:High Court of Delhi
2277:High Court of Delhi
2153:on 23 October 2014.
2135:. 16 February 2014.
1829:TNN (23 May 2012).
1680:Indian Constitution
1654:, by enforcing the
1436:Judicial Separation
1212:Parliament of India
888:Grounds for divorce
784:Common-law marriage
694:Narcissistic parent
81:Parliament of India
39:Parliament of India
2621:1955 in Indian law
2286:on 30 January 2023
2169:The Indian Express
2119:The Times of India
1836:The Times of India
1755:. 23 October 2017.
1727:Hindu personal law
1656:fundamental rights
1652:sexual orientation
1588:A case before the
1538:uniform civil code
1132:Legality of incest
838:Voidable marriages
829:Matrimonial regime
769:Types of marriages
512:marital separation
71:Act No. 25 of 1955
2601:Indian family law
2578:
2577:
2472:The full text of
2201:on 28 August 2012
2121:. 26 August 2013.
2024:on 7 January 2019
1964:on 7 January 2019
1642:to recognise the
1590:Madras High Court
1335:Indian Penal Code
1200:
1199:
1122:Domestic violence
1096:(or criminal law)
1004:Children's rights
938:Children's issues
742:
741:
699:Power and control
423:
422:
419:
418:
291:Significant other
271:Mixed-orientation
131:
110:
109:
2628:
2544:Hindu code bills
2537:
2530:
2523:
2514:
2471:
2456:
2455:
2449:
2441:
2432:
2426:
2422:
2419:Dr Kavita Arora
2413:
2407:
2406:
2400:
2392:
2381:
2377:
2369:
2358:
2357:
2351:
2343:
2332:
2328:
2320:
2309:
2308:
2302:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2285:
2279:, archived from
2270:
2264:
2260:
2251:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2220:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2197:. Archived from
2187:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2171:. 26 August 2013
2161:
2155:
2154:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2111:
2105:
2102:Deccan Chronicle
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2054:on 18 March 2013
2050:. Archived from
2040:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2020:. Archived from
2010:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1994:on 16 March 2013
1990:. Archived from
1980:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1960:. Archived from
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1928:Into Legal World
1920:
1914:
1911:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1889:indiankanoon.org
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1839:. Archived from
1826:
1820:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1774:
1766:
1757:
1756:
1749:
1534:no-fault divorce
1530:Amartya Talukdar
1274:by religion; and
1255:This Act applies
1216:Hindu Code Bills
1192:
1185:
1178:
903:Legal separation
893:No-fault divorce
858:Amatonormativity
848:Marriageable age
814:Marriage licence
744:
734:
727:
720:
285:
142:
125:
119:
112:
33:
21:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2581:
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2579:
2574:
2546:
2541:
2498:Wayback Machine
2465:
2460:
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2442:
2430:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2393:
2374:Sameer Samudra
2371:
2370:
2361:
2344:
2325:Nibedita Dutta
2322:
2321:
2312:
2295:
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2287:
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2268:
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2042:
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2012:
2011:
2007:
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1995:
1982:
1981:
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1935:
1922:
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1903:
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1866:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1846:
1844:
1843:on 18 June 2013
1828:
1827:
1823:
1817:Wayback Machine
1805:
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1648:gender identity
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1544:Judicial review
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1152:Paternity fraud
1147:Parents' rights
1142:Parental duties
1097:
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873:
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644:Sexual activity
607:
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433:
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391:
377:Mutual monogamy
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77:Enacted by
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5:
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2560:Succession Act
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2540:
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2532:
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2517:
2511:
2510:
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2488:
2483:
2476:at Wikisource
2464:
2463:External links
2461:
2458:
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2408:
2359:
2310:
2241:
2212:
2182:
2156:
2138:
2124:
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2104:", 1 May 2012.
2090:
2065:
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2005:
1975:
1958:lawteacher.net
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1458:Mutual Divorce
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986:
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264:Group marriage
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2230:. 17 May 2022
2229:
2228:theleaflet.in
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2023:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2006:
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1989:
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1640:Supreme Court
1637:
1636:United States
1633:
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1628:Uttar Pradesh
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1247:Applicability
1246:
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1229:
1225:
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1143:
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1138:
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1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1117:Child selling
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
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1103:
1100:
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1075:
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1024:Child support
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
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987:
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959:Child custody
957:
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867:
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853:Sham marriage
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
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832:
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827:
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822:
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815:
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723:
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690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
668:
663:
662:
655:
652:
650:
649:Transgression
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
614:
613:
610:
609:
603:
602:
595:
592:
590:
587:
583:
582:Unconditional
580:
578:
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570:
568:
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563:
560:
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548:
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541:
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523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
509:
506:
504:
501:
500:
494:
493:
486:
483:
481:
480:Singles event
478:
476:
473:
471:
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466:
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459:
456:
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451:
449:
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349:
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335:
331:
327:
324:
322:
321:Queerplatonic
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
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288:
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269:
265:
262:
261:
260:
259:
253:
250:
248:
245:
244:
243:
240:
239:
234:
233:Open marriage
231:
227:
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219:
218:
217:
214:
213:
211:
210:
207:
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197:
194:
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167:
165:
162:
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157:
156:
155:
154:
151:
147:
143:
135:
134:
129:
123:
122:Relationships
118:
113:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
82:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
56:
52:
51:
43:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2555:Marriage Act
2466:
2418:
2411:
2373:
2324:
2288:, retrieved
2281:the original
2256:
2232:. Retrieved
2227:
2203:. Retrieved
2199:the original
2194:
2185:
2173:. Retrieved
2168:
2159:
2151:the original
2141:
2127:
2118:
2109:
2093:
2083:14 September
2081:. Retrieved
2077:
2068:
2056:. Retrieved
2052:the original
2048:vakilno1.com
2047:
2038:
2026:. Retrieved
2022:the original
2017:
2008:
1996:. Retrieved
1992:the original
1988:vakilno1.com
1987:
1978:
1966:. Retrieved
1962:the original
1957:
1948:
1936:. Retrieved
1927:
1918:
1892:. Retrieved
1888:
1879:
1867:. Retrieved
1857:
1845:. Retrieved
1841:the original
1834:
1824:
1807:
1802:
1788:
1776:. Retrieved
1747:
1684:
1606:
1587:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1547:
1523:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1488:
1479:
1470:
1461:
1448:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1418:Registration
1408:
1399:
1396:Guardianship
1360:
1358:
1355:
1343:
1328:
1324:
1309:
1305:
1298:
1250:
1237:
1226:(1956), the
1222:(1956), the
1203:
1201:
1009:Emancipation
774:Cohabitation
387:Polyfidelity
372:Non-monogamy
316:Life partner
306:Cohabitation
103:
48:
18:
2234:11 December
1847:25 December
1515:Rajya Sabha
1451:consummated
1243:religions.
1107:Child abuse
1014:Foster care
789:Civil union
779:Concubinage
612:Bride price
470:Meet market
401:Concubinage
186:Grandparent
98:18 May 1955
90:18 May 1955
2585:Categories
1938:7 December
1739:References
1352:Conditions
1319:See also:
954:Legitimacy
917:Residence
748:Family law
654:Repression
639:Infidelity
552:Attachment
453:Engagement
432:Activities
326:Friendship
301:Girlfriend
279:Partner(s)
50:Long title
2591:Hindu law
2205:27 August
2175:27 August
2058:27 August
2028:27 August
1998:27 August
1968:27 August
1894:27 August
1519:Lok Sabha
1412:Saptapadi
1301:domiciled
1283:Christian
944:Paternity
843:Annulment
634:Hypergamy
606:Practices
594:Sexuality
567:Limerence
527:Widowhood
517:Annulment
443:Courtship
406:Courtesan
382:Polyamory
334:cross-sex
296:Boyfriend
247:Polyandry
95:Commenced
2494:Archived
2446:citation
2397:citation
2348:citation
2299:citation
2290:29 March
1932:Archived
1813:Archived
1690:See also
1644:marriage
1632:Columbus
1624:Varanasi
1389:sapindas
1264:Buddhist
1230:(1956).
1112:CPS (US)
1062:Marriage
989:CAFCASS
969:Adoption
883:Adultery
704:Stalking
684:Domestic
577:Platonic
562:Jealousy
557:Intimacy
547:Affinity
411:Mistress
396:Cicisbeo
367:Monogamy
348:Intimate
330:romantic
311:Same-sex
252:Polygyny
242:Polygamy
206:marriage
150:adoptive
106:In force
67:Citation
2195:IBNLive
2078:Lawrato
1778:1 April
1678:of the
1405:Section
1346:Derrett
1294:passed.
1234:Purpose
1210:of the
1057:Divorce
908:Alimony
878:Divorce
689:Elderly
627:service
589:Passion
522:Divorce
503:Breakup
497:Endings
485:Wedding
475:Romance
438:Bonding
328: (
221:Husband
191:Sibling
159:Kinship
146:Genetic
128:Outline
104:Status:
87:Enacted
1869:5 June
1770:"Bare"
1279:Muslim
1240:Hindus
1206:is an
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