1465:
spouse. Divorce can be sought by husband or wife on certain grounds, including: continuous period of desertion for two or more years, conversion to a religion other than Hindu, mental abnormality, venereal disease, and leprosy. A wife can also present a petition for the dissolution of marriage on the grounds that the husband marries again after the commencement of his first marriage or if the husband has been guilty of rape, sodomy, or bestiality. Newly married couples cannot file a petition for divorce within one year of marriage. There are some exceptions to file a petition within one year of marriage and that are discussed later under section 14.
1492:
resources to sustain themselves. The court considers various factors such as the income, assets, and liabilities of both parties, as well as their individual needs and circumstances, while determining the amount of alimony or maintenance to be awarded. Section 24 of the Act empowers either spouse to seek financial support from the other party during the ongoing legal proceedings. The objective is to ensure that the dependent spouse can maintain a reasonable standard of living and have the necessary resources to meet their day-to-day expenses. It aims to provide temporary relief to the financially weaker spouse until a final settlement is reached.
1604:"female"). However, the Hindu Marriage Act was a codification of the ancient Sastrik law by the colonial government for the purpose of regulating issues such as divorce. Application of the "mischief rule" in this situation allows homosexual marriage to be allowed under the current reading of the Hindu Marriage Act, as what "the statute aims at relieving is the regulation of marriage, and not that two same-sex individuals could marry each other. The Act is a codifying statute, and not a penal or disabling statute" and that it was improperly codified.
1352:. Therefore, there was fierce religious opposition to enacting such laws for marriage, succession and adoption. The greatest opposition was to the provision of divorce, something which is anathema to the Hindu religion. Also resisted was the principle of equal inheritance by sons and daughters regardless of whether the daughter was married or unwed. This was contrary to the Hindu view of family, where married daughters were regarded as belonging to the family of their husband, not to the family of their father.
1585:
institution of marriage. But there may be occasions when in order to do complete justice to the parties it becomes necessary for this court to invoke its powers under
Article 142 in an irreconcilable situation (between the couple). When it has not been possible for the parties to live together and to discharge their marital obligations towards each other for more than one year, we see no reason to continue the agony of the parties for another two months."
1562:: Hon’ble Supreme Court of India held that it can exercise power under Article 142(1) to grant a decree of divorce by mutual consent and can bypass the provisions of section 13B of The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Hon’ble Supreme Court of India also recognized its discretionary power to dissolve a marriage on the grounds of irretrievable breakdown, which is otherwise not provided under section 13 of The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.
2480:
42:
128:
1434:
Register. This registration is for the purpose of facilitating the proof of Hindu marriages. All rules made in this section may be laid before the state legislature. The Hindu
Marriage Register should be open for inspection at all reasonable times and should be admissible as evidence of the statements contained therein.
1520:
However, there was opposition to this bill due to the objection that it will create hardships for women and that the bill strongly supports one party while both parties should be treated equal in divorce. Therefore, the bill was amended to provide for the wife's consent for waiver of six-month notice
1317:
The Act was viewed as conservative because it applied to any person who is Hindu by religion in any of its forms, yet groups other religions into the act (Jains, Buddhists, or Sikhs) as specified in
Article 44 of the Indian Constitution. However, with the passage of Anand Marriage (Amendment) Bill in
1603:
opinioned same-sex marriage within historical
Hinduism, that homosexual acts are not forbidden under the Act, and that marriage is a fundamental constitutional right. If literally interpreted, the terms "groom" and "bride" may be viewed as referring to narrow definitions based on genders ("male" and
1433:
As stated in
Section 8 of the Act, the state government may make rules for the registration of Hindu marriages that the parties to any of such marriages may have particulars relating to their marriages entered in such a manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed in the Hindu Marriage
1512:
New section 13E provides restriction on decree for divorce affecting children born out of wedlock and states that a court shall not pass a decree of divorce under section 13C unless the court is satisfied that adequate provision for the maintenance of children born out of the marriage has been made
1473:
Under section 13 B of the Act, mutual divorce is a provision that allows both the husband and wife to dissolve their marriage by mutual consent. It is a legal procedure that offers an amicable and less adversarial approach to ending a marital relationship. Mutual divorce provides an opportunity for
1321:
A marriage is directly registered by the
Registrar of Marriage under section 8 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 on the same working day when applied. Verification of all the documents is carried out on the date of application and thereafter Marriage is registered on the same working day by the registrar
1580:
The
Supreme Court of India exercised its powers under Article 142 of the Constitution of India and ruled in August 2012 that marriages can be ended by mutual consent before expiry of the cooling period of six months stipulated in the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Section 13-B of the Hindu Marriage Act
1442:
As stated in section 9 of the act, in cases where either the husband or the wife has withdrawn from the society of the other without reasonable excuse, the aggrieved party may apply to the district court for restitution of conjugal rights. If the court is satisfied with the truth of the statements
1336:
According to
Hinduism, marriage is a sacred relationship. In some Hindu systems of marriage, there is no role for the state as marriage remained a private affair within the social realm. Within this traditional framework reference, marriage is undoubtedly the most important transitional point in a
1508:
It also provides a better safeguard to wives by inserting section 13D by which the wife may oppose the grant of a decree on the grounds that the dissolution of the marriage will result in grave financial hardship to her and that it would in all the circumstances be wrong to dissolve the marriage.
1253:
and others. Besides amending and codifying
Sastrik Law, it also included separation and divorce, which also exist in Sastrik Law. This enactment brought uniformity of law for all sections of Hindus. In India there are religion-specific civil codes that separately govern adherents of certain other
1411:
Section 6 of the Hindu
Marriage Act specifies the bride's guardianship for marriage. Wherever the consent of a guardian in marriage is necessary for a bride under this Act, the persons entitled to give such consent are the following: the father; the mother; the paternal grandfather; the paternal
1491:
Section 25 of the Act allows either spouse, after the finalization of divorce or judicial separation, to approach the court for an order of permanent alimony or maintenance. It aims to provide long-term financial support to the financially weaker spouse who may have limited earning capacity or
1464:
due to impotency, may be complete or partial impotency (for example conditions such as impotence quoad hoc), contravention of the valid consent mental illness condition specified in Section 5, or that the respondent at the time of the marriage was pregnant by someone other than the petitioning
1696:
The petitioners argued that they require legal recognition of their marriage because, unlike unregistered opposite-sex married couples, they often encounter officials who question the legitimacy of their relationship. The petitioners had to rely on personal connections and the goodwill of the
1584:
Pronouncing the judgment, Justice Altamas Kabir said: "It is no doubt true that the legislature had in its wisdom stipulated a cooling period of six months from the date of filing of a petition for mutual divorce till such divorce is actually granted, with the intention that it would save the
1516:
Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010 makes similar amendments to the Special Marriage Act, 1954 by replacing the words "not earlier than six months" in Section 28 with the words "Upon receipt of a petition" and provides restriction on decree for divorce affecting children born out of wedlock.
1092:
1482:
Under section 14 of the Act, the courts cannot accept a divorce request within one year of marriage. However, there's an exception where the court might consider a request before one year if a spouse can can demonstrate exceptional hardship or exceptional depravity from the other spouse.
1412:
grandmother; the brother by full blood; the brother by half blood; etc. The Guardianship For Marriage was repealed in 1978 after the Child Marriage Restraint Amendment was passed. This amendment increased the minimum age requirement for marriage in order to prevent child marriages.
1581:
provides for the couple seeking divorce through mutual consent to wait for a period of six months after making first joint application for divorce. It is only after the expiry of the six months that the couple can move second application for the dissolution of their marriage.
1697:
authorities to access social and economic rights that are automatically available to married couples. To make their case, they presented evidence of the difficulty they faced in simple tasks such as opening joint bank accounts and obtaining proof of residence.
1451:
Section 10 of the Act also provides for judicial separation, where either party to a marriage can present a petition for a decree of judicial separation. The court has the power to rescind the decree if it deems it just and reasonable to do so.
1504:
to making divorce easier on the grounds of irretrievable breakdown of marriage, was introduced in the parliament in 2012. The Bill replaces the words "not earlier than six months" in Section 13B with the words "Upon receipt of a petition."
1420:
Section 7 of the Hindu Marriage Act recognises the ceremonies and customs of marriage. Hindu marriage may be solemnised in accordance with the customary rites and ceremonies of either party. Such rites and rituals include the
1304:
by religion, unless it is proved that any such person would not have been governed by the Hindu law or by any custom or usage as part of that law in respect of any of the matters dealt with herein if this Act had not been
1087:
1841:
1359:
predicted in his later writings that despite some evidence of modernisation, the dominant view in Hindu society for the foreseeable future would remain that marriage is a form of social obligation.
1722:
1044:
999:
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though capable of giving a valid consent, has been suffering from mental disorder of such a kind or to such an extent as to be unfit for marriage and the procreation of children;
1547:
for Hindus only. According to him, "If the Government really wants to bring about empowerment of women, let them make it open for all sections of the society. Let them bring a
1942:
2108:
1763:
1270:
to any person who is a Hindu by religion in any of its forms or developments, including a Virashaiva, a Lingayat or a follower of the Brahmo, Prarthana or Arya Samaj;
2201:
2504:
1425:—the taking of seven steps by the bridegroom and the bride jointly around the sacred fire. The marriage becomes complete and binding when the seventh step is taken.
1594:
1851:
1500:
Based on recommendations of the Law Commission, a legislation was proposed. The Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010 to amend the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 and the
2462:
2413:
2364:
2315:
1964:
2621:
742:
1152:
1707:
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the parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two;
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2513:
2157:
2024:
2518:
2175:
2125:
2266:
1732:
1674:
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2143:
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1618:
While most of the petitioners in the consolidated marriage case requested recognition of marriage under secular marriage laws, some of the
1200:
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1994:
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Section 5. A marriage may be solemnised between any two Hindus, if the following conditions are fulfilled, namely
1122:
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709:
1193:
1147:
1067:
659:
138:
1536:
1633:, Giti Thadani and G.Oorvasi. Nibedita Dutta and Pooja Srivastava, a Hindu lesbian couple who got married in
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964:
475:
2400:
1727:
1650:
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908:
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of each other, unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two."
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321:
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81:
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Any marriage can be voidable and may be annulled on the following grounds: the marriage has not been
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49:
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and finds no legal ground to deny the application, it may decree restitution of conjugal rights.
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2002:
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17:
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to any other person domiciled in the territories to which this Act extends who is not a
1626:
1337:
Hindu's life and the most important of all the Hindu "sanskaras" (life-cycle rituals).
1311:
1249:
The main purpose of the act was to amend and codify the law relating to marriage among
1039:
974:
923:
485:
362:
274:
2235:"Can the Hindu Marriage Act be interpreted to allow same-sex marriages? – The Leaflet"
1622:
petitioners requested recognition under Hindu Marriage Act. These petitioners include
1385:
is incapable of giving a valid consent to it in consequence of unsoundness of mind; or
1355:
Some have argued that Hindu marriage cannot be subjected to legislative intervention.
2595:
1646:
1638:
1392:
the bridegroom has completed the age of twenty-one years at the time of the marriage;
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994:
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954:
863:
844:
637:
587:
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448:
243:
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817:
784:
397:
382:
316:
1924:
Menski, Werner. 2003. Hindu Law: Beyond Tradition and Modernity. Delhi: Oxford UP.
1474:
couples to part ways on agreed terms, minimizing conflict and emotional distress.
1764:"In Fact: Between void and voidable, scope for greater protection for girl child"
1310:
The Act applies to Hindus outside the territory of India only if such a Hindu is
1525:
1340:
The Congress Government changed the Hindu Marriage in 1955 by enactment of HMA,
1322:
of marriage appointed by the Govt. of India and marriage certificate is issued.
1117:
1024:
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196:
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60:
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enacted in 1955. Three other important acts were also enacted as part of the
1529:
1422:
853:
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577:
527:
453:
416:
392:
306:
257:
1895:
1804:
1654:
1641:. Sameer Samudra and Amit Gokhale, a Hindu gay couple who got married in
1634:
1570:
1513:
consistently with the financial capacity of the parties to the marriage.
1274:
979:
893:
714:
572:
406:
377:
262:
252:
216:
160:
1521:
with the words "Upon receipt of petitions by the husband and the wife."
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1399:
1289:
1278:
918:
888:
881:
550:
532:
513:
495:
231:
201:
169:
2144:"Men wear sarees in Kolkata to protest against Marital Amendment Bill"
1318:
2012, Sikhs now also have their own personal law related to marriage.
1623:
1619:
1539:
groups. Hridaya, a Kolkata-based NGO, demonstrated against the bill.
1297:
1137:
1112:
765:
458:
226:
206:
189:
184:
179:
174:
2523:
1478:
No petition for divorce to be presented within one year of marriage
1873:
1543:(a men's rights activist) raised concern that the bill introduces
1282:
1250:
677:
632:
627:
537:
2383:
Kumar, Nupur; Lakdawalla, Hamza; Bhatt, Rohin (2 December 2022),
1301:
582:
236:
2527:
2176:"Rajya Sabha approves bill to make divorce friendly for women"
1935:"Arrest of police officer in unlawful detention under s 498A"
1819:
Department of Revenue, Rehabilitation and Disaster Management
1378:
neither party has a spouse living at the time of the marriage
2519:
Rajya Sabha approves bill to make divorce friendly for women
1896:"Hindu Marriage Act,1955 And Special Marriage Act, 1954"
69:
An Act to amend and codify the law relating to marriage
1723:
Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act 1986
1045:
List of child abuse cases featuring long-term detention
2265:
Awasthi, Raghav; Sharma, Mukesh (8 September 2020),
1344:
and then in 1983 by introduction of section 498A to
105:
97:
87:
77:
48:
34:
2427:Katju, Arundhati; Dhar, Surabhi (5 October 2020),
2202:"Marriages can be ended before cooling period: SC"
2268:Abhijit Iyer Mitra, Gopi Shankar M, Giti Thadani
2126:"Rajya Sabha passes women-friendly marriage bill"
1262:Section 2 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 says:
1805:"Sondur Gopal Vs Sondur Rajini (Supreme Court)"
1595:Arun Kumar v. Inspector General of Registration
1589:Arun Kumar v. Inspector General of Registration
1367:Section 5 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 states:-
2539:
1842:"Sikhs welcome passage of Anand Marriage Act"
1194:
736:
8:
2438:Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice.
2393:Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice.
2276:Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice.
2109:"Easier Divorce Bill Tabled in Rajya Sabha"
2025:"The Child Marriage Restraint Act in India"
1965:"Co parcenary – The system of copartionary"
1708:The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006
1381:at the time of the marriage, neither party-
2546:
2532:
2524:
2461:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2412:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2363:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2344:Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice
2314:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1775:
1773:
1201:
1187:
754:
743:
729:
295:
152:
122:
1576:Devinder Singh Narula vs Meenakshi Nangia
1528:in 2013, though it was not passed in the
1920:
1918:
1916:
2340:Pooja Srivastava Versus Union of India
1755:
1743:Mutual Divorce under Hindu Marriage Act
1733:Gullipilli Sowria Raj v. Bandaru Pavani
1657:between any two persons, regardless of
764:
757:
357:
289:
214:
155:
125:
66:
2454:
2405:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2356:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2307:
2260:
2258:
2256:
1571:https://indiankanoon.org/doc/53788682/
31:
2229:
2227:
1376:
7:
2622:Acts of the Parliament of India 1955
2502:Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010
2434:Ankita Khanna versus Union of India
1945:from the original on 8 December 2017
1496:Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010
774:Marriage and other unions and status
2389:Amit Gokhale versus Union of India
2334:Bhasin, Shally (18 November 2021),
1560:Shilpa Sailesh Vs Varun Sreenivasan
1535:Protest against the bill came from
1239:Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act
1235:Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act
2514:Marriage Laws (Amendment), Divorce
2497:PDF file of the Hindu Marriage Act
1551:. Why is it only for the Hindus?"
1088:Hague Convention (child abduction)
25:
2085:"Mutual Consent Divorce in India"
2478:
2272:G.Oorvasi versus Union of India
2160:. 26 August 2013. Archived from
126:
40:
2435:
2390:
2341:
2273:
2158:"Protest against Marriage Bill"
1874:"Hindu Court Marriage in Delhi"
1456:Nullity of marriage and divorce
1629:, such as Abhijit Iyer Mitra,
1438:Restitution of Conjugal Rights
1093:Hague Convention (maintenance)
1:
2581:Adoptions and Maintenance Act
2576:Minority and Guardianship Act
2055:"The Hindu Marriage Act 1955"
1995:"The Hindu Marriage Act 1955"
1649:. The petition requested the
1083:International child abduction
1821:– "Hindu Marriage Act, 1955"
1168:Paternal rights and abortion
2431:
2386:
2337:
2269:
1524:The Bill was passed by the
1314:in the territory of India.
1078:Hague Convention (adoption)
2648:
2446:Public Interest Litigation
2397:Public Interest Litigation
2348:Public Interest Litigation
2284:Public Interest Litigation
1713:Samskara (rite of passage)
1669:guaranteed under Articles
1611:
1592:
1502:Special Marriage Act, 1954
1342:Special Marriage Act, 1954
1329:
937:Parenting coordinator (US)
27:Indian federal legislation
2561:
1614:Supriyo v. Union of India
1608:Supriyo v. Union of India
1105:Family and criminal code
1063:Private international law
1057:Private international law
113:
55:
39:
18:Hindu Marriage Act (1955)
2507:23 November 2012 at the
2485:Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
1876:. Courtmarriageindia.org
1348:and section 198A to the
1215:Hindu Marriage Act (HMA)
1148:Parental child abduction
995:Contact & visitation
882:Dissolution of marriages
35:Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
2492:H.M.A (Mobile Friendly)
1487:Alimony and Maintenance
1350:Criminal Procedure Code
1273:to any person who is a
2401:Supreme Court of India
2029:divorcelawyerindia.com
1728:Christian personal law
1627:queer rights activists
1566:P.Sivakumar vs S.Beula
1383:
1326:Hindu view of marriage
1268:
1229:during this time: the
1010:UN Rights of the Child
1005:Grandparent visitation
932:Custody evaluator (US)
909:Matrimonial Causes Act
2627:Marriage law in India
1718:Dowry system in India
1537:Men's rights movement
990:Filial responsibility
985:Tender years doctrine
960:DNA paternity testing
818:Validity of marriages
551:Emotions and feelings
2617:Nehru administration
2607:Marriage in Hinduism
1826:4 March 2016 at the
1631:Gopi Shankar Madurai
1398:the parties are not
1332:Marriage in Hinduism
1231:Hindu Succession Act
1173:Right to family life
835:Prenuptial agreement
830:Marriage certificate
805:Domestic partnership
2450:High Court of Delhi
2352:High Court of Delhi
2288:High Court of Delhi
2164:on 23 October 2014.
2146:. 16 February 2014.
1840:TNN (23 May 2012).
1691:Indian Constitution
1665:, by enforcing the
1447:Judicial Separation
1223:Parliament of India
899:Grounds for divorce
795:Common-law marriage
705:Narcissistic parent
92:Parliament of India
50:Parliament of India
2632:1955 in Indian law
2297:on 30 January 2023
2180:The Indian Express
2130:The Times of India
1847:The Times of India
1766:. 23 October 2017.
1738:Hindu personal law
1667:fundamental rights
1663:sexual orientation
1599:A case before the
1549:uniform civil code
1143:Legality of incest
849:Voidable marriages
840:Matrimonial regime
780:Types of marriages
523:marital separation
82:Act No. 25 of 1955
2612:Indian family law
2589:
2588:
2483:The full text of
2212:on 28 August 2012
2132:. 26 August 2013.
2035:on 7 January 2019
1975:on 7 January 2019
1653:to recognise the
1601:Madras High Court
1346:Indian Penal Code
1211:
1210:
1133:Domestic violence
1107:(or criminal law)
1015:Children's rights
949:Children's issues
753:
752:
710:Power and control
434:
433:
430:
429:
302:Significant other
282:Mixed-orientation
142:
121:
120:
16:(Redirected from
2639:
2555:Hindu code bills
2548:
2541:
2534:
2525:
2482:
2467:
2466:
2460:
2452:
2443:
2437:
2433:
2430:Dr Kavita Arora
2424:
2418:
2417:
2411:
2403:
2392:
2388:
2380:
2369:
2368:
2362:
2354:
2343:
2339:
2331:
2320:
2319:
2313:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2296:
2290:, archived from
2281:
2275:
2271:
2262:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2231:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2208:. Archived from
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2182:. 26 August 2013
2172:
2166:
2165:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2122:
2116:
2113:Deccan Chronicle
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2065:on 18 March 2013
2061:. Archived from
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2031:. Archived from
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2005:on 16 March 2013
2001:. Archived from
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1971:. Archived from
1961:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1939:Into Legal World
1931:
1925:
1922:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1900:indiankanoon.org
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1850:. Archived from
1837:
1831:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1785:
1777:
1768:
1767:
1760:
1545:no-fault divorce
1541:Amartya Talukdar
1285:by religion; and
1266:This Act applies
1227:Hindu Code Bills
1203:
1196:
1189:
914:Legal separation
904:No-fault divorce
869:Amatonormativity
859:Marriageable age
825:Marriage licence
755:
745:
738:
731:
296:
153:
136:
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44:
32:
21:
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2509:Wayback Machine
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2385:Sameer Samudra
2382:
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2336:Nibedita Dutta
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1854:on 18 June 2013
1839:
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1828:Wayback Machine
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1659:gender identity
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1555:Judicial review
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1163:Paternity fraud
1158:Parents' rights
1153:Parental duties
1108:
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655:Sexual activity
618:
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388:Mutual monogamy
269:
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88:Enacted by
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2487:at Wikisource
2475:
2474:External links
2472:
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2321:
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2167:
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2117:
2115:", 1 May 2012.
2101:
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2016:
1986:
1969:lawteacher.net
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1469:Mutual Divorce
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2241:. 17 May 2022
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1258:Applicability
1257:
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1128:Child selling
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864:Sham marriage
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663:
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660:Transgression
658:
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593:Unconditional
591:
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531:
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517:
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511:
505:
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494:
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491:Singles event
489:
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342:
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332:Queerplatonic
330:
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276:
273:
272:
271:
270:
264:
261:
259:
256:
255:
254:
251:
250:
245:
244:Open marriage
242:
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233:
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140:
134:
133:Relationships
129:
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86:
83:
80:
76:
67:
63:
62:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2566:Marriage Act
2477:
2429:
2422:
2384:
2335:
2299:, retrieved
2292:the original
2267:
2243:. Retrieved
2238:
2214:. Retrieved
2210:the original
2205:
2196:
2184:. Retrieved
2179:
2170:
2162:the original
2152:
2138:
2129:
2120:
2104:
2094:14 September
2092:. Retrieved
2088:
2079:
2067:. Retrieved
2063:the original
2059:vakilno1.com
2058:
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
2033:the original
2028:
2019:
2007:. Retrieved
2003:the original
1999:vakilno1.com
1998:
1989:
1977:. Retrieved
1973:the original
1968:
1959:
1947:. Retrieved
1938:
1929:
1903:. Retrieved
1899:
1890:
1878:. Retrieved
1868:
1856:. Retrieved
1852:the original
1845:
1835:
1818:
1813:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1758:
1695:
1617:
1598:
1583:
1579:
1569:
1558:
1534:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1472:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1432:
1429:Registration
1419:
1410:
1407:Guardianship
1371:
1369:
1366:
1354:
1339:
1335:
1320:
1316:
1309:
1261:
1248:
1237:(1956), the
1233:(1956), the
1214:
1212:
1020:Emancipation
785:Cohabitation
398:Polyfidelity
383:Non-monogamy
327:Life partner
317:Cohabitation
114:
59:
29:
2245:11 December
1858:25 December
1526:Rajya Sabha
1462:consummated
1254:religions.
1118:Child abuse
1025:Foster care
800:Civil union
790:Concubinage
623:Bride price
481:Meet market
412:Concubinage
197:Grandparent
109:18 May 1955
101:18 May 1955
2596:Categories
1949:7 December
1750:References
1363:Conditions
1330:See also:
965:Legitimacy
928:Residence
759:Family law
665:Repression
650:Infidelity
563:Attachment
464:Engagement
443:Activities
337:Friendship
312:Girlfriend
290:Partner(s)
61:Long title
2602:Hindu law
2216:27 August
2186:27 August
2069:27 August
2039:27 August
2009:27 August
1979:27 August
1905:27 August
1530:Lok Sabha
1423:Saptapadi
1312:domiciled
1294:Christian
955:Paternity
854:Annulment
645:Hypergamy
617:Practices
605:Sexuality
578:Limerence
538:Widowhood
528:Annulment
454:Courtship
417:Courtesan
393:Polyamory
345:cross-sex
307:Boyfriend
258:Polyandry
106:Commenced
2505:Archived
2457:citation
2408:citation
2359:citation
2310:citation
2301:29 March
1943:Archived
1824:Archived
1701:See also
1655:marriage
1643:Columbus
1635:Varanasi
1400:sapindas
1275:Buddhist
1241:(1956).
1123:CPS (US)
1073:Marriage
1000:CAFCASS
980:Adoption
894:Adultery
715:Stalking
695:Domestic
588:Platonic
573:Jealousy
568:Intimacy
558:Affinity
422:Mistress
407:Cicisbeo
378:Monogamy
359:Intimate
341:romantic
322:Same-sex
263:Polygyny
253:Polygamy
217:marriage
161:adoptive
117:In force
78:Citation
2206:IBNLive
2089:Lawrato
1789:1 April
1689:of the
1416:Section
1357:Derrett
1305:passed.
1245:Purpose
1221:of the
1068:Divorce
919:Alimony
889:Divorce
700:Elderly
638:service
600:Passion
533:Divorce
514:Breakup
508:Endings
496:Wedding
486:Romance
449:Bonding
339: (
232:Husband
202:Sibling
170:Kinship
157:Genetic
139:Outline
115:Status:
98:Enacted
1880:5 June
1781:"Bare"
1290:Muslim
1251:Hindus
1217:is an
1138:Incest
1113:Bigamy
766:Family
690:Dating
476:Mating
459:Dating
373:Casual
363:sexual
227:Spouse
207:Cousin
190:mother
185:father
180:Parent
175:Family
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633:dowry
628:dower
519:Legal
149:Types
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2303:2023
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2247:2022
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2071:2015
2041:2015
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1981:2015
1951:2017
1907:2015
1882:2018
1860:2012
1791:2014
1685:and
1661:and
1283:Sikh
1279:Jain
1213:The
1030:Ward
847:and
845:Void
583:Love
361:and
349:zone
237:Wife
2448:),
2399:),
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2111:, "
1302:Jew
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