1274:
1055:
522:
889:(engine cannon). Due to the closed-bolt design the cannon was also suitable for synchronisation gear. The HS.404 was fed by drum magazines that could accommodate 60 (or in a fixed mount 160) rounds. Since in most installations the latter was more popular, the small ammunition capacity was a weakness. In 1940, Hispano-Suiza was developing a belt-feeding system, as well as derivatives of the HS.404 in heavier calibres such as 23 mm but these projects were halted with the German occupation of France.
831:
remaining high pressure gases in the barrel to propel it and the spent cartridge backwards in a delayed sequence that allows the bolt to remain closed until the projectile has exited from the barrel. This maximizes muzzle velocity and since the bolt was locked during firing, it could be lighter than that of the
Oerlikon, thus facilitating an increase in rate of fire to 700 rounds per minute (rpm), a gain of about 200 rpm. In 1938, Birkigt patented it and started production in their Geneva factory.
840:
1007:
1374:
1176:
1263:
44:
1527:
1386:
960:. Four cannons replaced the eight Browning machine guns in the Hurricane and in some tropical versions of the Spitfire, becoming standard armament in later fighters. Most other Spitfires had only two cannons because the outboard cannon tended to freeze at high altitudes. These were complemented with four
1042:
on the ground by the aircraft armourers before flight, the pneumatic cocking mechanism used previously being regarded as unnecessary weight and detrimental to aircraft performance; any stoppage in flight made the gun unusable until it could be cleared on the ground. The misfires also had the tendency
1161:
between 840 and 880 m/s (2,800 and 2,900 ft/s), depending on barrel length. Rate of fire was between 600 and 850 rounds per minute. The gun was 2.36 m (7 ft 9 in) long, weighing between 42 and 50 kg (93 and 110 lb). The
British Mk V and American M3/M24 weapons were
1069:
and did not have the same problems as the U.S. version of the cannon. The U.S. declined to modify the chamber of their version but nonetheless made other modifications to create the unreliable M2. By late 1942 the USAAF had 40 million rounds of ammunition stored but the guns remained unsuitable. The
984:
before flight. It was lighter and had a higher rate of fire (desirable in aircraft armament), although at the expense of some muzzle velocity. The shorter barrel meant that the weapon could be housed within the wing of a fighter plane, reducing drag and making the gun less vulnerable to freezing and
830:
On firing the 404, when the projectile passes a hole cut in the barrel, about halfway along its length, high-pressure gas behind the projectile is siphoned off and operates a piston that drives a rod, running along the top of the barrel, back against a cam on the bolt, unlocking it and allowing the
1156:
The
Hispano fired a 130 grams (4.586 oz) 20 mm diameter projectile from a 110 mm (4.331 in) long casing, the whole round weighing 257 g (9.065 oz). Lengths of the projectiles varied with type but were set to variable depth in the casing to produce a total full round
971:
The
British were concerned their production would be inadequate and licensed production of the Hispano to the US but this production never became satisfactory and the British eventually gave up on the US versions. British production was eventually increased to the point where this was no longer
805:. They took out a license on the Oerlikon FF S and made minor modifications to produce the Hispano-Suiza Automatic Cannon Type HS.7 and HS.9. Shortly after production began, the Hispano-Suiza and Oerlikon companies disagreed over patent rights and their business connection came to an end.
855:
type S auto-cannon, was rather heavy, and the movement of the heavy bolt made it best suited in static and maritime anti-aircraft defence. The lighter bolt of the HS.404 made it well suited to mounting on vehicles. The M16, an anti-aircraft version of the
993:
Mk. V Series II, which mounted two cannons in each wing. Ammunition types available included semi-armour piercing, incendiary (SAPI) and high explosive, incendiary (HEI). Around 42,500 Hispano cannons of various marks were manufactured by
2075:
The M90 series of shells were ballistically matched to make it easier to use different types without losing accuracy. Ammunition was shipped in 25-round metal canisters. There were six metal canisters per wooden crate (150 rounds).
1097:, similar in most respects except for the use of the addition of electrical cocking, allowing the gun to re-cock over a lightly struck round. The problems of the American weapons led to most U.S. fighters being equipped with the
876:
In 1938, an aircraft based version of the HS.404 was produced at the request of the French government. It was installed on a wide range of pre-war French fighter aircraft, notably in installations firing through the
1038:. The British were interested in using this weapon to ease the demand on production in England but after receiving the M1 they were disappointed. British wing-mounted fighter weapons by this period were
1140:
and is used as a light anti-aircraft gun by the army and navy in several nations. The AN/M3 was developed into the Mk12 Colt 20 mm automatic cannon, one of the main weapons on boats of the
1082:. The P-38's nose-mounted M2 featured a built-in cocking system and could simply be re-cocked in flight after a misfire, which made the misfires less of a problem than with other aircraft.
897:
Before the Second World War, the United
Kingdom had embarked on a programme to develop cannon-armed fighters. They acquired a licence to build the HS.404, which entered production as the
2364:
Williams, A.G & Gustin, E. (2003): Flying Guns World War II, Development of
Aircraft Guns, Ammunition and Installations 1933-45. Crowood Press, Ramsbury, Great Britain. 352 pages
860:, could be equipped with single or double American made copies of the Hispano-Suiza auto-cannon. This variant of the M3 Half-track was used by US and Commonwealth forces late in the
1273:
764:
commonly used in military aircraft of the 1930s. The HS.404 was produced by the French subsidiary of
Hispano-Suiza, and under license by a variety of companies in other countries.
1136:. As a ground vehicle-mounted gun, either anti-aircraft or as a general-purpose autocannon, the HS.404 lasted into the 1960s. A powered turret variant is still in production in
2744:
1364:
921:
to be inadequate and prompted the adoption of autocannon armament for the primary portion of RAF fighters. The
Beaufighter highlighted the need for a belt feed mechanism; as a
2916:
2906:
1496:
941:
had shown a tendency for the gun to jam during combat manoeuvres, leading to some official doubt as to the suitability of cannon as the sole main armament. This led to the
2911:
1867:
20 mm
Flugzeugmotorkanone Hispano-suiza FM-45 HS and 20 mm FlugzeugflĂĽgelkanone Hispano-suiza FF-45 HS. Swiss variant with 780 rpm and 875 m/s velocity.
812:, began work on the design of a new weapon to replace the Oerlikon contract, based on a locking mechanism patented in 1919 by the Swedish-American machine-gun designer
2485:
Williams, A.G. & Gustin, E. (2004): Flying Guns - The Modern Era, Development of
Aircraft Guns, Ammunition and Installations since 1945. Crowood Press, 240 pages.
1074:
Chief of Ordnance was still attempting to complete additional changes to the design to allow it to enter service. Some variations of the 20 mm guns used on the
1502:
1892:
1070:
U.S. Navy had been trying to switch to using cannon on all its combat aircraft throughout the war but the conversion never occurred. As late as December 1945 the
1465:
1026:, which concluded that a single HS404 is analogous to three .50 machine guns in firepower while weighing less than twice as much, planning to switch to the
2414:
Chinn, G.M, Oblt. (1951): The Machine Gun. History, Evolution, and Development of Manual, Automatic, and Airborne Repeating Weapons, vol I. Issued by the
1034:. When delivered, the guns proved to be extremely unreliable and suffered a considerable number of misfires due to the round being lightly struck by the
2737:
2444:
2901:
1030:
as soon as the gun could be produced in sufficient numbers. In 1941 a very large building program was established, along with the production of
823:. The result was the Type 404 or HS.404. While the HS.404 resembled the parent Oerlikon FF S in many respects, its repeating mechanism was a
722:
It was widely used as an aircraft, naval and land-based weapon by French, British, American and other military services, particularly during
2047:
Ammunition was shipped in rectangular 10-shell fiberboard cartons. There were 12 cartons per metal-lined wooden packing crate (120 rounds).
2730:
2282:
789:(API) design for autocannons, a concept that was quickly taken up by other companies. Notable among the resulting designs was the Swiss
2540:
2513:
2490:
1846:
tracked armoured personnel carrier. The vehicle used a single akan m/47 cannon re-purposed from scrapped Saab 29 and Venom aircraft.
2396:
1132:
to replace the M24, while the Navy combined the original Hispano design with a lighter round for better muzzle velocity in the
902:
2579:
2243:
1065:
In April 1942 a copy of the British Mk.II was sent to the U.S. for comparison. The British version used a slightly shorter
1054:
995:
298:
1401:
1247:
1019:
1085:
The U.S. followed the British development closely and when the Mk.V was designed, the Americans followed suit with the
1579:
1356:
778:
527:
521:
2465:
2559:
2295:
2771:
1214:
918:
1615:
1568:
1446:
2060:, fuze: No.253 Mk.IA direct action (percussion) fuze. Weight (complete round): 0.57 lb (0.26 kg) each.
2886:
2597:
2054:, projectile weight 0.28 lb (0.13 kg), complete round weight : 0.56 lb (0.25 kg) each.
1309:
786:
1109:
After the war, the Hispano variants disappeared fairly quickly as fighter armament due to the introduction of
2753:
2133:
Weight (projectile): 0.29 lb (0.13 kg), weight (complete round): 0.57 lb (0.26 kg) each.
2121:
Weight (projectile): 0.29 lb (0.13 kg), weight (complete round): 0.57 lb (0.26 kg) each.
2109:
Weight (projectile): 0.27 lb (0.12 kg), weight (complete round): 0.55 lb (0.25 kg) each.
2097:
Weight (projectile): 0.29 lb (0.13 kg), weight (complete round): 0.57 lb (0.26 kg) each.
1610:
1551:
1405:
1219:
1179:
1090:
1079:
1075:
1059:
1044:
564:
352:
2921:
2891:
2608:
1965:
1876:
1870:
1702:
1697:
1661:
1574:
1441:
670:
465:
228:
2675:
The Machine Gun: History, Evolution, and Development of Manual, Automatic, and Airborne Repeating Weapons
2216:
The Machine Gun: History, Evolution, and Development of Manual, Automatic, and Airborne Repeating Weapons
2834:
2776:
2722:
2448:
1781:
1692:
1590:
1585:
1315:
1141:
852:
746:
1058:
A lieutenant inspects an ammunition belt as used by the 20 mm Hispano cannon visible in the nose of a
813:
2374:
2143:
1932:
1927:
1833:
1829:
1796:
1774:
1635:
1491:
1481:
1432:
1390:
1361:
938:
645:
440:
203:
839:
2896:
1671:
1666:
1600:
1595:
1562:
1542:
1486:
1476:
1427:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1253:
1006:
906:
2066:, weight projectile: 0.37 lb (0.17 kg), complete round 0.64 lb (0.29 kg) each.
1900:
1843:
1803:
1677:
1656:
1645:
1620:
1605:
1437:
1071:
1066:
1023:
754:
588:
97:
1724:
730:, after its designer Marc Birkigt and later versions based on British development are known as
2865:
2620:
2536:
2509:
2503:
2486:
1651:
1470:
1350:
1133:
914:
882:
665:
460:
223:
2658:
2530:
2850:
2716:
1950:
1917:
1837:
1630:
1335:
1266:
934:
861:
750:
2583:
2563:
2469:
2247:
1513:
1508:
1456:
1451:
1422:
1417:
1378:
1373:
1209:
1204:
1175:
1158:
1110:
910:
878:
802:
688:
483:
245:
933:
Operator, often while the aircraft was manoeuvring. The early trial installations in the
818:
2860:
2259:
2185:
1817:
1461:
1345:
1340:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1241:
990:
981:
793:, which was based on the Becker but introduced a number of improvements. In the 1930s,
598:
560:
334:
107:
2880:
2855:
2694:
1304:
1118:
1114:
1027:
953:
922:
857:
844:
794:
738:
716:
135:
1047:
away from the wing with the failed gun when the guns were fired, due to the unequal
17:
2757:
2158:
2153:
2148:
1855:
wheeled armoured personnel carrier. The 203A reuses old Pansarbandvagn 302 turrets.
1687:
1411:
1278:
1194:
1157:
length of 184 mm (7.244 in) regardless of projectile type. The gun had a
961:
949:
942:
824:
809:
797:
was asked to develop a 20 mm cannon to fire through the propeller shaft (as a
758:
723:
678:
578:
473:
390:
319:
235:
155:
125:
87:
2710:
2219:. Vol. I. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 562–590
2086:
20 mm HEFI-SAP (high explosive fragmentation incendiary semi-armor-piercing) M18A2
1262:
715:
originally designed by and produced by the Swiss arm of the Spanish/Swiss company
2576:
2575:
Ammunition description of 20 mm X 110 Hispano rounds from MLM International
719:
in the mid-1930s. Production was later moved to the French arm of Hispano-Suiza.
2781:
2419:
2341:
2240:
1849:
1719:
1531:
1530:
Twin M3 barrels poking out from the leading edges of the wings of a French Navy
1199:
1145:
1125:
1121:
1098:
790:
782:
761:
593:
329:
175:
102:
43:
1554:- some early 20 mm-armed models and in RAF service as Lockheed Lightning I
1129:
1035:
1031:
977:
865:
712:
629:
583:
415:
324:
187:
92:
2556:
2434:, Volume 34, Number 11, November 1943, p. 16. Harvester Press, Chicago, 1943.
2303:
1389:
The short barrel Mk.V was used in most early British jet fighters, like this
1281:
Mk.IA, the only version of the Mustang to carry autocannon: the Hispano Mk.II
2829:
2678:. Vol. I. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 586–587
2673:
2214:
1224:
1039:
742:
2430:
International Harvester Corporation. "Mr. Dealer Plan Now for the Future",
1526:
52:
twin anti-aircraft configuration, displayed at the Israeli Air Force Museum
2462:
1014:
The British version was also licensed for use in the United States as the
1881:
1137:
151:
1385:
972:
necessary. The ultimate version of the British wartime Hispanos was the
945:
for a brief period specifying 12-machine gun armament for new fighters.
1756:
1750:
965:
655:
450:
213:
2463:"Cannon or machine gun? The Second World War Aircraft Gun Controversy"
2022:: HE and HEI: 130 g (4.6 oz), AP-T: 168 g (5.9 oz)
1124:
in most of their post-war aircraft, while the French used the similar
1497:
Supermarine Spitfire (late Merlin-powered variants)#Mk XVI (type 361)
1048:
913:(RAF) with powerful cannon-armed interceptors. The experience of the
49:
427:
Rifling: 9 grooves, right-hand twist, 1:160 cm (1-in-63 inches) turn
2505:
The Naval Institute guide to world naval weapons systems, 1997–1998
1525:
1384:
1372:
1272:
1261:
1174:
1053:
1005:
930:
926:
838:
171:
159:
2642:
1162:
lighter and had higher rates of fire than the early HS.404 guns.
1113:, based on the prototype versions of the un-built German wartime
2813:
2260:"The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia: Hispano-Suiza 20mm Cannon"
1896:
1128:, firing similar ammunition. The USAF introduced the 20 mm
179:
2726:
1814:/47C "Hispano Mk. V" 180-round magazine. Some built in Sweden.
1792:/47B "Hispano Mk. V" 150-round magazine. Some built in Sweden.
985:
mechanical stress. One of the main British fighters to use the
1269:
Mk.IV with the long barrels of the Mk.II Hispanos in the wings
2399:. 2 January 1944 – via www.wwiiaircraftperformance.org.
2699:(War Department Training Manual TM 9-227 November 19, 1942).
925:
the 60-round drums needed to be replaced in the dark by the
2508:. Annapolis, Maryland: U.S. Naval Institute. p. 436.
396:
10 kg (22 lb) (loaded 60-round M1 drum magazine)
901:
intended as aeroplane armament. Its first use was in the
868:
and was further developed by Israel in the post-war era.
777:
The first widely used 20 mm aircraft cannon was the
1393:. The gun ports are visible on the underside of the nose
801:
SS) of a gear-reduction inline aviation engine like the
2360:
2358:
1503:
Supermarine Spitfire (Griffon powered variants)#Mk XIVe
2621:"Wartime British Remotely Controlled Guns and Turrets"
2375:"Hawker Tempest Fighter-Bomber / Interceptor Aircraft"
1571:- In tail gunner position with two 0.5 in machine guns
1117:
design. The British introduced the powerful revolving
745:
from a relatively light weapon. This made it an ideal
2331:. Sutton Publishing Limited (The History Press, 2009)
2696:
20mm M1 Automatic Gun & 20mm AN-M2 Automatic Gun
2843:
2822:
2806:
2790:
2764:
1828:/47D "Hispano Mk. V" Initially 130-round belt-fed (
1565:(P-39 Airacobra diverted from export for USAAF use)
697:
687:
677:
664:
654:
644:
628:
620:
612:
607:
571:
555:
550:
542:
534:
512:
500:
492:
482:
472:
459:
449:
439:
414:
406:
379:
374:
366:
358:
348:
343:
312:
304:
294:
289:
281:
273:
266:
254:
244:
234:
222:
212:
202:
186:
166:
146:
141:
131:
121:
116:
80:
75:
65:
57:
34:
2715:is available for free viewing and download at the
2010:: 400 kg (881.849 lb) with muzzle brake
1093:(USAF) adopted a version of the M3 cannon as the
980:, and lacked the cocking cylinder thus requiring
2004:: 840 to 880 m/s (2,800 to 2,900 ft/s)
1447:English Electric Canberra B.Mk.6 & B(I).Mk.8
948:A suitable belt-feeding system was developed by
1899:APC's equipped with the same Swedish turret as
1148:and also used on some larger amphibious ships.
1099:AN/M2 .50 cal Browning light-barrel machine gun
1089:but unreliability continued. After the war the
917:had shown the batteries of eight rifle-calibre
741:projectile, it delivered a significant load of
952:and the new design was adopted by the RAF and
808:In 1933, the chief engineer of Hispano-Suiza,
2738:
2593:
2591:
2418:, Washington, USA. Available for download as
1545:- some early 20 mm-armed models and RAF
1010:US Patent drawing of the Hispano Suiza cannon
749:for mounting on light vehicles, as well as a
8:
1582:- NA-91 models were fitted with four AN/M2s.
1043:to cause aircraft with wing-mounted guns to
399:8.6 kg (19 lb) (M1 feed mechanism)
386:29.3 kg (65 lb) (breech mechanism)
2115:20 mm high explosive - incendiary M97 (T23)
956:in 1941 in a slightly modified form as the
526:20 mm Hispano-Suiza Mk V on display at the
2917:Military equipment introduced in the 1930s
2907:World War II weapons of the United Kingdom
2745:
2731:
2723:
2557:World War 2 fighter armament effectiveness
2241:The various versions of Israeli Half-track
1889:20 mm Kanone 1948/73 "Hispano Mk. V"
1799:FB.50 "J 28B", two-seater DH 115 "SK 28C")
1182:, one of several French fighters with the
520:
509:
263:
31:
2912:World War II weapons of the United States
2416:Bureau of Ordnance Department of the Navy
2397:"Intelligence and personal combat report"
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2091:20 mm armour piercing - tracer M95 (T9E5)
2555:Williams, A.G. & Gustin, E. (2009):
2410:
2408:
2406:
250:840–880 m/s (2,800–2,900 ft/s)
2323:
2321:
2170:
2058:20 mm high explosive - incendiary Mk. I
2028:: 6 to 11 g (0.21 to 0.39 oz)
2016:: ball, incendiary, HE (high explosive)
905:of 1940 and later in the more powerful
389:21.5 kg (47 lb) (barrel with
2180:
2178:
2176:
2174:
1992:: 68.7 kg (151 lb 7 oz)
1250:—the RAF's first cannon-armed fighter.
2188:. The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia
1381:carried two Hispano Mk. V in the nose
1233:UK & other Commonwealth countries
7:
2644:Spitfire Mk. IX & XVI Engineered
1986:: 43 kg (94 lb 13 oz)
1428:de Havilland Hornet & Sea Hornet
1414:(when fitted with mid-upper turrets)
781:, introduced into German service in
753:gun, supplementing or replacing the
726:. The cannon is also referred to as
635:1.333 m (4 ft 4.5 in)
624:2.184 m (7 ft 2.0 in)
424:1.710 m (5 ft 7.3 in)
1980:: 2.52 m (8 ft 3 in)
1974:: 2.32 m (7 ft 7 in)
2064:20 mm armour piercing - tracer M75
2026:HE and HEI rounds explosive filler
885:engine, a system referred to as a
616:38 kg (83 lb 12 oz)
258:Drum magazine, belt (later models)
25:
2127:20 mm training-practice M99 (T24)
1958:: 20 Ă— 110 mm (0.79 in)
787:advanced primer ignition blowback
1836:). Later 30-round box magazine (
1747:/41A "HS 404" (built in Sweden)
1244:—a design not taken into service
1051:, throwing off the pilot's aim.
193:1.7 m (5 ft 7 in)
42:
2712:STAFF FILM REPORT 66-19A (1966)
2461:Williams, G. (September 2004):
1186:firing through the drive shaft.
847:with twin H.S. 404 auto-cannons
504:60-round M1 drum or linked belt
2902:World War II weapons of France
2532:Vietnam Riverine Craft 1962-75
2445:"1943 | 2627 | Flight Archive"
1741:/41 "HS 404" (anti air cannon)
1336:Hawker Hurricane Mk IIC and IV
851:The HS.404's predecessor, the
693:840 m/s (2,800 ft/s)
493:Maximum firing range
488:870 m/s (2,900 ft/s)
1:
1770:/46A "Hispano Mk. II Mod 46"
1674:- used M3s from the F8F-1B on
1321:Douglas Boston III (Intruder)
299:United States Army Air Forces
2296:"Westland Whirlwind Fighter"
1984:Weight without drum magazine
1621:Chance Vought F4U-1C Corsair
1377:The maritime reconncaisance
1020:United States Army Air Corps
785:. The Becker introduced the
496:6,500 m (7,000 yd)
2529:Rottman, Gordon L. (2012).
2186:"Hispano-Suiza 20mm Cannon"
1972:Length without muzzle brake
1580:North American P-51 Mustang
919:M1919 Browning machine guns
528:Imperial War Museum Duxford
2938:
2342:"Hawker Hurricane Mk II B"
2283:Air Ministry specification
2103:20 mm incendiary M96 (T18)
1832:) and 10-round magazines (
1648:and all following versions
1462:Hawker Tempest Mk V Srs II
1452:Hawker Fury & Sea Fury
1078:aircraft were produced by
2672:Chinn, George M. (1951).
2213:Chinn, George M. (1951).
1657:Chance Vought F7U Cutlass
1616:Northrop P-61 Black Widow
1569:Boeing B-29 Superfortress
1402:AĂ©rospatiale Alouette III
1357:North American Mustang IA
1341:Hawker Tempest Mk V Srs I
660:20 mm (0.79 in)
639:
543:Place of origin
519:
455:20 mm (0.79 in)
434:
410:2.54 m (100 in)
282:Place of origin
218:20 mm (0.79 in)
197:
66:Place of origin
41:
2598:Mk 5 20mm Hispano Cannon
1978:Length with muzzle brake
1652:Chance Vought F6U Pirate
1310:Consolidated Liberator I
773:From Oerlikon to Hispano
1941:Specifications (HS.404)
1703:Northrop F-89C Scorpion
1611:Lockheed P-38 Lightning
1552:Lockheed P-38 Lightning
1505:Mk.XIVe, XVIII,21,22,24
1406:South African Air Force
1312:(4 guns on 20 aircraft)
1220:Morane-Saulnier M.S.406
1215:Lioré et Olivier LeO 45
1180:Morane-Saulnier M.S.406
1091:United States Air Force
1080:International Harvester
1076:Lockheed P-38 Lightning
1060:Lockheed P-38 Lightning
353:International Harvester
268:20 mm M1 automatic gun
2659:"Spitfire Mk IX - XIV"
2535:. Osprey. p. 11.
1698:Douglas B-66 Destroyer
1662:Douglas A-3 Skywarrior
1596:Grumman F6F-5N Hellcat
1575:Curtiss SB2C Helldiver
1535:
1442:de Havilland Sea Venom
1394:
1382:
1282:
1270:
1187:
1062:
1011:
976:, which had a shorter
966:0.50 calibre (12.7 mm)
962:0.303 calibre (7.7 mm)
848:
843:Israeli anti-aircraft
679:Rate of fire
474:Rate of fire
236:Rate of fire
2609:RCAF.com The Aircraft
2502:Friedman, N. (1997).
1782:de Havilland Mosquito
1693:Boeing B-47 Stratojet
1646:Vought F4U-4B Corsair
1591:Douglas F3D Skyknight
1586:Douglas A-1 Skyraider
1529:
1388:
1376:
1316:de Havilland Mosquito
1276:
1265:
1178:
1142:Mobile Riverine Force
1057:
1009:
996:Birmingham Small Arms
842:
755:7.62 mm (.30 calibre)
559:United Kingdom &
2798:Hispano-Suiza HS.404
2756:aircraft weapons of
2754:British Commonwealth
2327:March, P.R. (2007):
2264:pwencycl.kgbudge.com
2144:Hispano-Suiza HS.820
1933:FMA IAe 33 Pulqui II
1893:SchĂĽtzenpanzer 63/73
1797:de Havilland Vampire
1775:de Havilland Vampire
1636:Douglas A2D Skyshark
1492:Supermarine Spiteful
1482:Supermarine Attacker
1433:de Havilland Vampire
1362:Supermarine Spitfire
1346:Hawker Typhoon Mk IB
1105:Post-war development
1101:throughout the war.
939:Supermarine Spitfire
747:anti-aircraft weapon
689:Muzzle velocity
484:Muzzle velocity
445:20Ă—110mm Hispano "A"
246:Muzzle velocity
18:Hispano Suiza HS.404
2329:The Hurricane story
1762:Saab 24 "not built"
1672:Grumman F8F Bearcat
1667:Grumman F9F Panther
1601:Grumman F9F Panther
1543:Bell P-39 Airacobra
1487:Supermarine Seafang
1477:Saunders-Roe SR.A/1
1300:Bristol Beaufighter
1295:Blackburn Firecrest
1290:Blackburn Firebrand
1254:Bristol Beaufighter
907:Bristol Beaufighter
370:A/N M2, A/N M3, M24
2582:2011-07-14 at the
2562:2017-10-30 at the
2474:Aeroplane Magazine
2468:2020-01-27 at the
2377:. Military Factory
2306:on 2 December 2010
2246:2016-03-15 at the
1968:, delayed blowback
1901:Pansarbandvagn 302
1844:Pansarbandvagn 302
1804:de Havilland Venom
1678:Grumman F-9 Cougar
1631:Martin AM-1 Mauler
1606:Grumman F-9 Cougar
1536:
1438:de Havilland Venom
1395:
1383:
1283:
1271:
1248:Westland Whirlwind
1188:
1063:
1012:
903:Westland Whirlwind
893:British production
849:
803:Hispano-Suiza 8BeC
759:.303 inch (7.7 mm)
732:20 mm Hispano
683:700-750 rounds/min
673:, delayed blowback
589:Rhodesian Bush War
478:650–700 rounds/min
468:, delayed blowback
344:Production history
240:700-750 rounds/min
117:Production history
98:Rhodesian Bush War
2874:
2873:
2641:Monforton, Paul.
2081:20 mm drill M18A2
2020:Projectile weight
1990:Weight (complete)
1471:Martin-Baker MB 5
1351:Martin-Baker MB 3
1134:Colt Mk 12 cannon
915:Battle of Britain
883:Hispano-Suiza 12Y
835:Anti-aircraft gun
705:
704:
508:
507:
362:1941 – April 1942
262:
261:
16:(Redirected from
2929:
2851:Blockbuster bomb
2835:Molins 6-pounder
2747:
2740:
2733:
2724:
2717:Internet Archive
2687:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2655:
2649:
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2638:
2632:
2631:
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2547:
2546:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2499:
2493:
2483:
2477:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2447:. Archived from
2441:
2435:
2428:
2422:
2412:
2401:
2400:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2371:
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2362:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2338:
2332:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2302:. Archived from
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2256:
2250:
2239:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2210:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2182:
2052:20 mm ball Mk. I
1951:automatic cannon
1949:: single-barrel
1918:I.Ae. 24 Calquin
1851:Pansarterrängbil
1547:Bell Airacobra I
1267:Hawker Hurricane
935:Hawker Hurricane
909:, providing the
862:Second World War
822:
814:Gustaf Swebilius
751:fighter aircraft
728:Birkigt type 404
698:Feed system
524:
515:
510:
501:Feed system
269:
264:
255:Feed system
46:
37:
32:
27:20 mm autocannon
21:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2887:20 mm artillery
2877:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2839:
2818:
2802:
2786:
2760:
2751:
2709:The short film
2706:
2691:
2690:
2681:
2679:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2607:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2584:Wayback Machine
2574:
2570:
2564:Wayback Machine
2554:
2550:
2543:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2516:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2484:
2480:
2470:Wayback Machine
2460:
2456:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2432:Harvester World
2429:
2425:
2413:
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2309:
2307:
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2277:
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2266:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2248:Wayback Machine
2237:
2235:
2231:
2222:
2220:
2212:
2211:
2200:
2191:
2189:
2184:
2183:
2172:
2167:
2140:
2073:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2002:Muzzle velocity
1943:
1914:Hispano Mk. II
1911:
1895:American-built
1864:
1820:"A, B, D, E, F"
1735:
1725:RogoĹľarski IK-3
1713:
1524:
1514:Westland Wyvern
1509:Westland Welkin
1464:and subsequent
1457:Hawker Sea Hawk
1423:Bristol Brigand
1418:Avro Shackleton
1379:Avro Shackleton
1286:Hispano Mk. II
1256:—early aircraft
1235:
1210:Dewoitine D.520
1205:Dewoitine D.500
1173:
1168:
1159:muzzle velocity
1154:
1111:revolver cannon
1107:
1004:
1002:U.S. production
911:Royal Air Force
895:
879:propeller shaft
874:
837:
816:
775:
770:
640:
603:
567:, United States
551:Service history
538:Aircraft cannon
530:
513:
435:
430:
402:
339:
295:In service
290:Service history
277:Aircraft cannon
267:
198:
112:
76:Service history
70:
61:Aircraft cannon
53:
35:
28:
23:
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15:
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11:
5:
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2721:
2720:
2705:
2704:External links
2702:
2701:
2700:
2689:
2688:
2664:
2661:. 19 May 2021.
2650:
2633:
2612:
2601:
2587:
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2521:
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2478:
2454:
2451:on 2013-12-19.
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1959:
1953:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1928:I.Ae. 30 Ă‘ancĂş
1924:Hispano Mk. V
1922:
1921:
1920:
1910:
1907:
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1903:
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1818:Saab 29 Tunnan
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1420:
1415:
1409:
1408:cabin mounted)
1398:Hispano Mk. V
1371:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1359:
1354:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1331:Gloster Meteor
1328:
1326:Fairey Firefly
1323:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1260:
1259:
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1245:
1242:Gloster F.9/37
1238:Hispano Mk. I
1234:
1231:
1230:
1229:
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1217:
1212:
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1197:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1153:
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1106:
1103:
1003:
1000:
991:Hawker Tempest
982:manual cocking
968:machine guns.
894:
891:
873:
870:
836:
833:
827:locking bolt.
774:
771:
769:
766:
703:
702:
699:
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618:
617:
614:
610:
609:
608:Specifications
605:
604:
602:
601:
599:Yom Kippur War
596:
591:
586:
581:
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573:
569:
568:
561:British Empire
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546:United Kingdom
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375:Specifications
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335:Yom Kippur War
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142:Specifications
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108:Yom Kippur War
105:
100:
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63:
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59:
55:
54:
48:HS.404 in the
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2934:
2923:
2922:Hispano-Suiza
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2892:Aircraft guns
2890:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2856:Bouncing bomb
2854:
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2799:
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2778:
2775:
2773:
2772:.303 Browning
2770:
2769:
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2763:
2759:
2755:
2748:
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2549:
2544:
2542:9781782000600
2538:
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2522:
2517:
2515:9781557502681
2511:
2507:
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2498:
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2491:1-86126-655-3
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2038:United States
2037:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1998:: 600–700 rpm
1997:
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1877:Doflug D.3803
1875:
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1871:Doflug D.3802
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1777:FB 1 "J 28A")
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1305:CAC Boomerang
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1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1115:Mauser MG 213
1112:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1028:20 mm calibre
1025:
1021:
1017:
1008:
1001:
999:
997:
992:
988:
983:
979:
975:
974:Hispano Mk. V
969:
967:
963:
959:
958:Hispano Mk.II
955:
954:Fleet Air Arm
951:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
923:night fighter
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
892:
890:
888:
884:
880:
871:
869:
867:
863:
859:
858:M3 Half-track
854:
846:
845:M3 Half-track
841:
834:
832:
828:
826:
820:
815:
811:
806:
804:
800:
796:
795:Hispano-Suiza
792:
791:Oerlikon FF S
788:
784:
780:
772:
767:
765:
763:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
739:20 mm calibre
735:
733:
729:
725:
720:
718:
717:Hispano-Suiza
714:
710:
700:
696:
692:
690:
686:
682:
680:
676:
672:
669:
667:
663:
659:
657:
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623:
619:
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582:
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577:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
523:
518:
514:Hispano Mk.V
511:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
485:
481:
477:
475:
471:
467:
464:
462:
458:
454:
452:
448:
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438:
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354:
351:
347:
342:
336:
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331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
317:
315:
311:
308:United States
307:
303:
300:
297:
293:
288:
285:United States
284:
280:
276:
272:
265:
257:
253:
249:
247:
243:
239:
237:
233:
230:
227:
225:
221:
217:
215:
211:
207:
205:
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196:
192:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
137:
136:Hispano-Suiza
134:
130:
127:
124:
120:
115:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
85:
83:
79:
74:
68:
64:
60:
56:
51:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
2797:
2782:.50 Browning
2765:Machine guns
2758:World War II
2711:
2695:
2680:. Retrieved
2674:
2667:
2653:
2643:
2636:
2625:. Retrieved
2623:. 2003-05-09
2615:
2604:
2571:
2551:
2531:
2524:
2504:
2497:
2481:
2473:
2457:
2449:the original
2439:
2431:
2426:
2415:
2391:
2379:. Retrieved
2369:
2345:. Retrieved
2336:
2328:
2308:. Retrieved
2304:the original
2300:constable.ca
2299:
2290:
2285:F.37 of 1935
2278:
2267:. Retrieved
2263:
2254:
2232:
2221:. Retrieved
2215:
2190:. Retrieved
2159:Nkm wz.38 FK
2154:ShVAK cannon
2149:MG FF cannon
2126:
2114:
2102:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2074:
2071:Post-war era
2063:
2057:
2051:
2046:
2043:World War II
2025:
2019:
2013:
2008:Recoil force
2007:
2001:
1996:Rate of fire
1995:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1971:
1966:gas operated
1961:
1955:
1946:
1850:
1825:
1811:
1789:
1767:
1744:
1738:
1688:Convair B-36
1546:
1412:Avro Lincoln
1195:Bloch MB.152
1184:moteur-canon
1183:
1155:
1108:
1094:
1086:
1084:
1064:
1022:(USAAC) and
1015:
1013:
986:
973:
970:
957:
950:Martin-Baker
947:
943:Air Ministry
899:Hispano Mk.I
898:
896:
887:moteur-canon
886:
875:
872:Aircraft gun
850:
829:
825:gas-operated
810:Marc Birkigt
807:
799:moteur-canon
798:
779:Becker model
776:
762:machine guns
736:
731:
727:
724:World War II
721:
708:
706:
671:Gas operated
632: length
579:World War II
565:Commonwealth
556:Used by
466:Gas operated
418: length
391:muzzle brake
349:Manufacturer
320:World War II
305:Used by
229:Gas operated
190: length
132:Manufacturer
126:Marc Birkigt
88:World War II
29:
2381:16 December
2347:16 December
2310:16 December
2238:(in French)
1862:Switzerland
1720:Ikarus IK-2
1200:Breguet 693
1146:Vietnam War
1126:DEFA cannon
1122:ADEN cannon
1018:, with the
817: [
783:World War I
768:Development
594:Six Day War
330:Six Day War
103:Six Day War
69:Switzerland
2897:Autocannon
2881:Categories
2866:Grand Slam
2823:Heavy guns
2682:2010-07-28
2627:2008-08-05
2269:2022-12-22
2223:2010-07-28
2192:2015-12-30
2165:References
2033:Ammunition
2014:Ammunition
1711:Yugoslavia
1563:Bell P-400
1473:—prototype
1367:to Mark 20
1353:—prototype
1152:Properties
1130:M39 cannon
1072:U. S. Army
1036:firing pin
1032:ammunition
866:Korean War
713:autocannon
584:Korean War
325:Korean War
170:2.52
154:(108
93:Korean War
2830:Vickers S
2777:Vickers K
1962:Operation
1909:Argentina
1873:"D.3802A"
1753:"J 21A-1"
1225:Potez 631
1024:U.S. Navy
864:, in the
743:explosive
737:Firing a
646:Cartridge
441:Cartridge
204:Cartridge
2580:Archived
2560:Archived
2466:Archived
2244:Archived
2138:See also
1882:EKW C-36
1739:LvAkan m
1138:Honduras
989:was the
931:Wireless
853:Oerlikon
650:20Ă—110mm
367:Variants
359:Produced
208:20Ă—110mm
174:(8
150:49
122:Designer
2861:Tallboy
2807:Rockets
1956:Calibre
1784:NF.XIX)
1759:"T 18B"
1757:Saab 18
1751:Saab 21
1716:HS.404
1532:Corsair
1499:Mk.XVIe
1391:Vampire
1365:Marks V
1279:Mustang
1191:HS.404
1144:in the
1067:chamber
998:(BSA).
964:or two
881:of the
656:Calibre
451:Calibre
214:Calibre
178:3
158:0
36:HS.404
2791:Cannon
2539:
2512:
2489:
1838:MPHC-T
1826:Akan m
1812:Akan m
1806:NF 51)
1802:J 33 (
1795:J 28 (
1790:Akan m
1780:J 30 (
1773:J 28 (
1768:Akan m
1745:Akan m
1733:Sweden
1642:AN/M3
1559:AN/M2
1440:&
1171:France
1087:A/N M3
1049:recoil
1040:cocked
978:barrel
711:is an
709:HS.404
666:Action
630:Barrel
621:Length
461:Action
416:Barrel
407:Length
224:Action
188:Barrel
167:Length
71:France
50:TCM-20
2844:Bombs
1466:Marks
1166:Users
1119:30 mm
987:Mk. V
927:Radar
821:]
2814:RP-3
2537:ISBN
2510:ISBN
2487:ISBN
2383:2010
2349:2010
2312:2010
1947:Type
1897:M113
1853:203A
1684:M24
1627:T31
937:and
757:and
707:The
701:Belt
613:Mass
572:Wars
535:Type
380:Mass
313:Wars
274:Type
147:Mass
81:Wars
58:Type
2577:PDF
2420:PDF
1840:).
1539:M1
1095:M24
1045:yaw
2883::
2590:^
2472:.
2405:^
2357:^
2320:^
2298:.
2262:.
2236:*
2201:^
2173:^
1964::
1884:04
1834:AP
1830:HE
1277:A
1016:M1
819:sv
734:.
563:,
180:in
176:ft
160:oz
156:lb
152:kg
2746:e
2739:t
2732:v
2719:.
2685:.
2647:.
2630:.
2566:.
2545:.
2518:.
2476:.
2385:.
2351:.
2314:.
2272:.
2226:.
2195:.
1534:.
1404:(
929:/
393:)
182:)
172:m
162:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
