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According to regional historian
Clifton Dale Foster, "In most states, several diverse projects were operating simultaneously. Its largest project was the Survey of County Records, which located, identified, arranged, and described massive amounts of public records found in county archives. The result
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As an example, the HRS documentation for
Massachusetts included: "forty-five bundles of town inventories; ten bundles of county inventories; fourteen bundles relating to church records; four bundles of material gathered for a 'Guide to Manuscripts Relating to the Negro in Massachusetts'; ten bundles
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Each state operated independently and many produced interesting regional miscellany. The achievements of the extensive
Wisconsin records survey, for one, included the usual indices as well as further: "a guide to the newspapers of one county, an index of governor's messages, a history of Galesville
196:
To bring together the records of the past and to house them in buildings where they will be preserved for the use of men living in the future, a nation must believe in three things. It must believe in the past. It must believe in the future. It must, above all, believe in the capacity of its people
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A great deal of HRS work-product went unpublished; for example the HRS inventoried the historical records of more than 3,000 of the 3,143 U.S. counties but only published reports for 628 of them. A study of HRS usage found that HRS materials were often confused with FWP work product, and that
277:
genealogists and archivists were the most frequent users of HRS materials. Archivists sometimes use them as evidence that certain county or town-level materials were extant circa the 1930s, in hopes of urging local record keepers to release materials they hardly knew they had.
172:
The HRS was generally considered the most efficient and inexpensive of the
Federal One projects. However, because of the program's short lifespan, many of the indexes were not published and remain in only piecemeal form in local and state record repositories.
188:. Child served until 1942. In 1942, the HRS was reorganized under the Works Progress Administration Service Division War Service Section, which later discontinued "fact-finding, survey, records and clerical services" as superfluous to the
132: (equivalent to about $ 26,574,620 in 2023) twice over: one budget was for a survey of federal records located outside of Washington, D.C., and another budget in the same amount was for a survey of state and local historical records.
104:. The official mission statement was the "discovery, preservation, and listing of basic materials for research in the history of the United States". The creation of the Historical Records Survey was one of the signal events "in what
250:", a historical index of American musicians, surveys of portraits in public buildings, maritime records, and a necessary survey of the federal Archives—NARA itself had been established only in 1934.
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Research and
Records Program, Professional and Service Division. Over the course of the program, HRS employed upwards of 10,000 American workers. Base pay for a month's work was between $ 50 and $ 60.
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967:
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In 1939 the federal government handed off the program's activities to willing state governments; each state had its own supervisor co-ordinating the Survey's activities.
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In 1939, with more artistic federal programs under attack from
Congress, partly because they employed suspected Communists, the less controversial HRS was moved to the
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957:
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240:(1880, 1900, 1910, 1920), indexes of vital statistics, book indexes, bibliographies, lists of newspapers, cemetery indexes and newspaper indexes, the
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University, a style manual, a directory of U.S. government agencies in the state, and a checklist of statutory requirements for county records".
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was the publication of some 628 volumes of inventories. Other programs of major importance included the Survey of
Federal Archives, directed by
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161:, "Survey workers were active in every county of every state, in every state capitol, and in thousands of town halls."
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662:"69.5.6 Records of the Historical Records Survey (HRS), Records of the Work Projects Administration [WPA]"
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818:, ed. by William B. Hesseltine and Donald R. McNeil (Madison, Wis.: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1958).
149:, was organized into subdivisions (regional, state, district) and much of the work was done at the behest of the
120:, the Survey began life under the Federal Writers' Project and in October 1936, became an independent section of
373:"Review of The WPA Historical Records Survey: A Guide to the Unpublished Inventories, Indexes, and Transcripts"
338:
319:
911:
164:
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and other volunteer groups with an interest in local history and genealogy. As noted in Evans' obituary in
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Child, Sargent B. and Holmes, Dorothy P., WPA Technical Series, Research and
Records Bibliography No. 7, "
192:. Pursuant to a Presidential letter of December 4, 1942, the HRS program was shut down February 1, 1943.
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333:
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100:, it was devoted to surveying and indexing historically significant records in state, county and local
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The WPA Historical
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technology, experimented with its use in archiving, and advanced on previously existing practices.
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Bibliography of
Research Projects Reports - Check List of Historical Records Survey Publications
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290:", Revised April, 1943, created by the Federal Works Agency, Work Projects Administration.
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so to learn from the past that they can gain in Judgment for the creation of the future.
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The Survey also innovated in archival practice. For example, it made use of new
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421:"Dumped from a Wharf into Casco Bay: The Historical Records Survey Revisited"
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128:'s Women's and Professional Division. The project was granted a budget of
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Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Historical Records Survey
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Heritage Documentation Programs § Historic American Buildings Survey
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indexes for several of the states for several of the turn-of-the-century
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Commercial reprint of above: Child, Sargent B. and Holmes, Dorothy P.,
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811:(Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press, 1969), pp. 751–827.
229:; the Survey of Church Records; and the American Imprints Inventory."
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Publications from Missouri, Mississippi, Rhode Island, and New Jersey
486:
534:"Microfilming Activities of the Historical Records Survey, 1935-42"
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related to portraits, engravings, silhouettes; and more besides".
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became HRS director in March 1940 after Evans took a job with the
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33:
HRS publications from Tennessee, Maine, Utah, and Washington, D.C.
718:"Assessing the Historical Value of the Historical Records Survey"
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or state archive agencies. The HRS sometimes cooperated with the
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830:
Works Progress Administration (WPA) Historical Records Survey
814:
Smiley, David L., "The W.P.A. Historical Records Survey", in
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Kentucky by Design: The Decorative Arts and American Culture
841:
The WPA: 60-Year-Old Investment Still Yields High Dividends
797:(Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky, 2015).
816:
In Support of Clio: Essays in Memory of Herbert A. Kellar
204:
The Southern California historical records survey project
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South Dakota Historical Records Survey publication (1942)
614:"The Wisconsin Historical Records Survey, Then and Now"
323:"WPA worker typing old historical records" in Kentucky
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Organized on November 15, 1935 under the direction of
790:. LSU Dept. of Archives, Louisiana State University.
296:
Check List of Historical Records Survey Publications
65:
57:
42:
37:
568:Campbell, Ann Morgan; Barrese, Edward F. (1982).
272:HRS microfilming New Jersey public records (1937)
16:American New Deal work-relief project (1935–1943)
768:Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society
299:, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1969.
194:
108:called the 'archival awakening' of the 1930s".
788:The Historical Records Survey: an outside view
866:
8:
666:National Archives and Records Administration
151:National Archives and Records Administration
21:
968:1942 disestablishments in the United States
764:"The Historical Records Survey in Illinois"
686:Prechtel-Kluskens, Claire (April 1, 2002).
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809:Federal Relief Administration and the Arts
27:
629:
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436:
242:Atlas of Congressional Roll Calls Project
963:1935 establishments in the United States
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308:, Society of American Archivists. 1980
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468:Evans, Luther H. (February 1, 1936).
247:Messages and Papers of the Presidents
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688:"The WPA Census Soundexing Projects"
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570:"The Society of American Archivists"
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155:Daughters of the American Revolution
958:Historiography of the United States
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551:10.17723/aarc.48.1.605415455010j71q
438:10.17723/aarc.37.2.n4n1819611538417
232:Other accomplishments included the
244:, "a continuation of Richardson's
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474:American Political Science Review
470:"The Historical Records Survey"
1:
953:Works Progress Administration
882:Works Progress Administration
836:WPA Historical Records Survey
186:Legislative Services Division
126:Works Progress Administration
87:Works Progress Administration
70:Works Progress Administration
137:Work Projects Administration
716:Adams, Patricia L. (1987).
344:Mathematical Tables Project
202:Franklin Delano Roosevelt,
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891:Federal Project Number One
786:Hogan, W. Ransom. (1939).
612:Bowie, Chester W. (1974).
145:The HRC, headquartered in
122:Federal Project Number One
922:Historical Records Survey
897:
888:
762:Field, Alston G. (1937).
705:– via archives.gov.
419:Rapport, Leonard (1974).
96:. Originally part of the
79:Historical Records Survey
26:
22:Historical Records Survey
917:Federal Writers' Project
725:The Midwestern Archivist
371:Barrese, Edward (1981).
339:Index of American Design
98:Federal Writers' Project
912:Federal Theatre Project
85:) was a project of the
618:The American Archivist
574:The American Archivist
425:The American Archivist
377:The American Archivist
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907:Federal Music Project
807:McDonald, William F.
532:Foster, C.D. (1985).
334:American Guide Series
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834:Steve Paul Johnson,
902:Federal Art Project
182:Library of Congress
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828:Bryan L. Mulcahy,
538:American Archivist
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159:American Archivist
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668:. August 15, 2016
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937:Categories
702:2022-09-30
672:2023-02-16
383:(2): 161.
355:References
190:war effort
106:Solon Buck
780:0019-2287
737:0363-888X
640:0360-9081
586:0360-9081
544:: 45–55.
512:145191624
496:0003-0554
447:0360-9081
389:0360-9081
263:microfilm
58:Dissolved
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692:Prologue
648:40291620
594:40292552
455:40291617
397:40292389
328:See also
200:—
124:and the
102:archives
90:New Deal
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234:Soundex
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