999:
454:
721:
681:
854:
670:
19:
619:, the commander of English forces in Cork, expelled the Catholic townsmen from the city. Although most of them went no further than the city's suburbs, this was the beginning of Protestant domination of the city that would last for nearly two centuries. The population of Cork by this times was around 5,000, most of whom lived outside the city walls.
968:, in which roughly 20 men were killed and about 60 wounded as the anti-Treaty IRA contested the National Army's advance into the city. However the badly armed anti-Treaty forces did not make a stand in Cork itself and dispersed after sporadic fighting, burning a number of buildings and the barracks they had been holding (for example at
835:. In the period 1916–1923, Cork was embroiled in a conflict between Irish nationalists and the British state in Ireland. The turmoil of this period ultimately led to substantial Irish independence for 26 of the 32 Irish counties in 1922, but also to a bitter civil war between Irish nationalist factions in 1922–23.
912:
have written that 'enemy' groups such as
Protestants and ex-soldiers were targeted at random by the IRA. Gerard Murphy's book "Year of the Disappearances" put the number of Protestants killed in Cork at 73. This thesis is disputed by other scholars such as John Borgonovo, who write that their studies
904:
in reprisal for IRA attacks in the city. Over 300 buildings were destroyed and two suspected IRA men were shot dead in their beds by
British forces on the night. This atrocity did not stop IRA activity in the city however. Attacks and reprisals continued in the city until the fighting was ended in a
528:
A description of Cork written in 1577 speaks of the city as, "the fourth city of
Ireland" that is, "so encumbered with evil neighbours, the Irish outlaws, that they are fayne to watch their gates hourly ... they trust not the country adjoining so that the whole city is linked to each other in
481:
lords extorted "Black Rent" from the citizens to keep them from attacking the city. The Cork municipal government was dominated by about 12–15 merchant families, whose wealth came from overseas trade with continental Europe – in particular the export of
1669:
989:
raged in the surrounding countryside until April 1923, when the Anti-Treaty side called a ceasefire and dumped their arms. There were attacks on Free State troops in the city, but not on the scale of the campaign against
British forces in 1919–21.
752:
During the nineteenth and early twentieth century important industries in Cork included brewing, distilling, wool and shipbuilding. In addition, there were some municipal improvements such as gas light street lights in 1825, two local papers, the
696:. Their influence can still be seen in the names of the Huguenot Quarter and French Church Street. Many new buildings were erected in Cork in the eighteenth century. Like Dublin, much of Cork's medieval architecture was replaced by neo-classical
728:
During the early nineteenth century the population of Cork expanded. By mid-century Cork had a population of about 80,000. The increase was due to migration from the countryside as people fled from poverty and in the 1840s, a
998:
440:
in 1185. Over the centuries, much of the city was rebuilt, time and again, after numerous fires. The city was at one time fully walled, and several sections and gates remain. The title of Mayor of Cork was established by
741:, Canada assisted by Peter Robinson (who organised the scheme on behalf of the British Government). This resulted in the area known as "Scott's Plains" being renamed "Peterborough" as a tribute. Cork and also nearby
733:. This led to extremes of poverty and overcrowding in Cork city during this century. Another effect of this influx was to reverse the denominational character of the city, which became predominantly Catholic again.
567:
in the late sixteenth century. As a "centre of
English administration" in the area, Cork by and large sided with the Crown in the conflicts of the period, even after a Spanish expeditionary force landed at nearby
736:
However, in the later nineteenth century the population of Cork declined slightly due to emigration, principally to
Britain or North America. In 1825, over 1,800 Irish residents departed from Cork to emigrate to
1195:
453:
41:'s south coast, is the second largest city within the Republic of Ireland after Dublin and the third largest on the island of Ireland after Dublin and Belfast. Cork City is the largest city in the province of
913:
suggest that the IRA's 30 or so confirmed civilian victims in Cork do seem to have been targeted because the IRA believed they were passing information to the
British and not for any other reason.
525:
and several important citizens went with
Warbeck to England but when the rebellion collapsed they were all captured and executed. Cork's nickname of the 'rebel city' originates in these events.
2544:
1225:
3169:
768:
Much nineteenth-century architecture can still be seen in many areas around the city such as the neo-Georgian and
Victorian buildings that now house banks and department stores. The
704:(1720–26), St Anne's Shandon (1722–26) and a Customs House (1724). During the eighteenth century, trade in Cork's port expanded considerably. Cork merchants exported large amounts of
588:
rebelled, expelling
Protestant ministers, imprisoning English officials, seizing the municipal arsenals and demanding freedom of worship for Catholics. They refused to admit
603:. Cork became a stronghold for the English Protestants, who sought refuge there after the outbreak of the rebellion and remained in Protestant hands throughout the ensuing
1025:
on the periphery of the city -especially on its north side. Cork's economy dipped in the late twentieth century as the old manufacturing industries in Cork declined. The
2384:
1187:
2086:
406:
in the sixth century. However the ancestor of the modern city was founded between 915 and 922, when Viking settlers established a trading community. The Viking leader
432:. The Norsemen of Cork fought against the Norman incomers, mounting an expedition of 32 ships against them in 1173, which was defeated in a naval battle. Cork's
1006:
In the post independence period, Cork has been acknowledged as the Republic of Ireland's second city. It has produced a number of political leaders, notably
616:
592:'s English army when it marched south, citing their charters from the twelfth century. Mountjoy retorted that he would, "cut King John his charter with
1691:
1555:
929:. After the withdrawal of British troops in early 1922, they took over the military barracks in Cork and the surrounding area. By July 1922, when the
1922:
1036:
However, in the 1990s new industries came to Cork. For instance, Marina Commercial Park was built on the site of the old Dunlop and Ford plants and
541:(c. 1540–1603) which left the English authorities in control of all of Ireland for the first time, introduced thousands of English settlers in the
658:
2839:
979:
Subsequently, they reverted to guerrilla warfare and took to destroying all the roads and bridges connecting Cork with the rest of the country.
2575:
1510:
1033:
tyre factory. Shipbuilding in Cork also came to an end in the 1980s. As a result of these closures unemployment was high in Cork in the 1980s.
1728:
1217:
1992:
428:
and Coppinger, peculiar to Cork which are claimed to have Norse origins. In the twelfth century, this settlement was taken over by invading
2079:
2564:
2203:
1221:
761:, first published in 1841 and, very importantly for the development of modern industry, the railway reached Cork in 1849. Also in 1849,
1048:
is also a busy and important port. Into the twenty-first century, tourism has grown in economic importance, and in 2005 Cork was named
1044:
economic boom, with growth in industries such as information technology, pharmaceuticals, brewing, distilling and food processing. The
3100:
3072:
2379:
2104:
1902:
1936:
3107:
2015:
1874:
589:
846:
mobilised in Cork for an armed rebellion against British rule but they dispersed without fighting. However, during the subsequent
3114:
3065:
3058:
2809:
2529:
2374:
3164:
3159:
3121:
2440:
2072:
639:
623:
983:, commander in chief of the National Army, was killed in an IRA ambush at Beal na mBlath, west of the city on 22 August 1922.
3086:
2389:
1805:
1246:
For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy 14 March 1865.
980:
2834:
2534:
501:
The medieval population of Cork was about 2,000. It suffered a severe blow in 1349 when almost half the townspeople died of
638:, in 1648, but the garrison changed sides again in 1650, going over to English Parliamentarian side under the influence of
2658:
2503:
754:
720:
3079:
2783:
2689:
2596:
2524:
2493:
2539:
2652:
2157:
1049:
2611:
1293:
908:
Another, highly disputed aspect of the War of Independence in Cork was the shooting of informers. Historians such as
712:
to Britain, France and the Caribbean, where it was used to support the development of sugar plantations and slavery.
553:
in 1579–83, when thousands of rural people fled to the city to avoid the fighting, bringing with them an outbreak of
549:
on a predominantly Catholic country. Cork suffered from the warfare involved in the reconquest, particularly in the
2814:
1037:
949:
416:
3034:
3019:
2969:
2819:
2696:
2606:
2559:
1884:
Lee, JJ (1981). "On the accuracy of the Pre-famine Irish censuses". In Goldstrom, J. M.; Clarkson, L. A. (eds.).
1118:
1085:
847:
792:
646:
564:
538:
3014:
2601:
2549:
2488:
870:
573:
550:
1449:
2885:
2508:
2435:
2430:
2196:
945:
824:
762:
600:
517:
a pretender to the English throne, landed in the city and tried to recruit support for a plot to overthrow
2979:
2949:
2875:
2860:
2096:
973:
909:
828:
800:
676:'s map of early 18th-century Cork ("Corke"), highlighting its churches, abbeys, and English fortifications
604:
546:
542:
2890:
2498:
1021:
were cleared by the municipal authority from the 1920s onwards, and their inhabitants were re-housed in
874:
738:
697:
627:
462:
3029:
745:
became major points of departure for Irish emigrants, who left the country in great numbers after the
3009:
2773:
2624:
2420:
2147:
1267:
1061:
961:
612:
560:
518:
437:
1518:
960:
with 450 troops and several artillery pieces. There was fighting for three days in the hills around
853:
680:
2939:
2793:
2425:
2336:
2142:
2137:
2034:
1796:
Cork: Its Trade and Commerce (Handbook of the Cork Incorporated Chamber of Commerce & Shipping)
1014:(Irish prime minister) in the 1960s. Its citizens half jokingly refer to it as the "real capital".
897:
858:
832:
820:
788:
701:
693:
635:
608:
2855:
2617:
2569:
2415:
2369:
2316:
2189:
2165:
2112:
1026:
922:
885:
878:
746:
730:
593:
1966:
796:
3004:
2964:
2768:
2746:
2394:
2241:
2226:
2132:
2127:
2011:
1988:
1898:
1870:
1162:
986:
784:
510:
424:
settlement of Cork. The Norse phase of Cork's history left a legacy of family names, such as
3093:
2984:
2934:
2880:
2730:
2410:
2321:
2306:
2170:
1956:
1948:
934:
926:
889:
843:
3040:
2959:
2944:
2911:
2829:
2788:
2664:
2554:
2286:
2256:
2251:
1022:
930:
804:
631:
1794:
3024:
2999:
2989:
2954:
2870:
2778:
2725:
2703:
2456:
2301:
2271:
1952:
1592:
1590:
1588:
969:
938:
901:
888:
was shot dead, in front of his wife at his home, by policemen. His successor as Mayor,
866:
777:
773:
758:
577:
554:
514:
502:
478:
429:
1538:
1536:
3153:
2865:
2646:
2461:
2311:
2276:
2261:
1040:
first opened in 1999. Cork, like other cities in Ireland benefited somewhat from the
1030:
953:
925:
negotiated to end the war -ultimately repudiating the authority of the newly created
893:
839:
769:
650:
576:. However, the price the citizens demanded for their loyalty was toleration of their
442:
425:
2054:
18:
2824:
2341:
2331:
2326:
2281:
2236:
2231:
2027:
Richard Holinshed's Irish Chronicle (1577), Edited by Liam Miller and Eilleen Power
2004:
1813:
1157:
1045:
1041:
957:
684:
Cork Butter Exchange (pictured c. 1900) was among the largest of its kind worldwide
522:
433:
2038:
1886:
Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell
882:
772:
influence on the city is noticeable in place names such as Victoria Cross (after
2994:
2974:
2916:
2364:
2291:
2246:
2212:
1152:
816:
673:
669:
506:
407:
34:
2064:
2059:
1840:
A Comparative Study of Thirty City-state Cultures: An Investigation (Volume 21)
1420:
1418:
1932:
1188:"Cork City's population to grow by 85,000 and expand fivefold ... at midnight"
1007:
965:
654:
23:
3141:
Smaller font-size indicates locations or organizations that no longer exist.
2906:
1011:
689:
581:
403:
688:
In the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries French Protestants (
1297:
1141:
AI1028.2 Lathir, daughter of Donnchadh, died on her pilgrimage in Corcach.
933:, broke out, Cork was held by anti-Treaty forces as part of a self-styled
563:(just outside the walls of the city) became the official residence of the
2266:
2122:
585:
470:
410:
is particularly associated with raiding and conquests in the province of
399:
2296:
569:
411:
42:
38:
1961:
705:
692:) arrived in Cork fleeing from religious persecution at the hands of
474:
421:
997:
852:
719:
679:
668:
466:
452:
17:
2040:
Cogadh Gaedhel re Gallaibh: The War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill
596:
his sword" and arrested the ringleaders, thus ending the revolt.
2720:
1985:
The Year of Disappearances: Political Killings in Cork 1920–1921
1089:
1018:
1002:
Crowds welcome US President John F. Kennedy to Cork in June 1963
742:
709:
495:
491:
487:
483:
67:
2185:
2068:
1126:
AI978.3 Corcach was plundered, and Fínnechta the bishop, died.
1117:
AI961.1 Kl. Repose of Cathmug, bishop of Corcach and abbot of
1405:
1403:
776:), Albert Quay (after Prince Albert), Adelaide Street (after
2181:
783:
Since the nineteenth century, Cork had been a predominantly
62:
2006:
William O'Brien and the Course of Irish Politics, 1881-1918
1255:
1102:
AI863.1 Kl. Repose of Dainél, abbot of Les Mór and Corcach.
921:
The local IRA units, for the most part, did not accept the
634:. Inchiquin had briefly led Cork into an alliance with the
1271:
1097:
AI836.1 Kl. Entry of Feidlimid into the abbacy of Corcach.
1084:
AI825.1 Kl. Repose of Flann son of Fairchellach, abbot of
445:
in 1318, and the title was changed to Lord Mayor in 1900.
1937:"New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700–1850"
1079:
AI816.2 Repose of Conaing son of Donat, abbot of Corcach.
944:
Cork however, was taken in August 1922 by the pro-Treaty
937:-intended to be a stronghold for the preservation of the
461:
For much of the Middle Ages, Cork city was an outpost of
865:
In particular, the city suffered from the action of the
1218:"Census 2016 Sapmap Area: Settlements County Cork City"
780:) and the Victoria Hospital on the Old Blackrock Road.
611:
attempt to take the city in 1642 was beaten off at the
469:
countryside and cut off from the English government in
1107:
AI928.2 Fínnechta, abbot of Corcach, rested in Christ.
1670:"Eoghan Harris looks at a new book by Gerard Murphy"
1074:
AI792.2 Téróc, abbot of Corcach, rested in the Lord.
3050:
2925:
2899:
2848:
2802:
2759:
2739:
2713:
2681:
2674:
2634:
2589:
2517:
2481:
2474:
2449:
2403:
2357:
2350:
2219:
2156:
2103:
1924:
Irish History from Contemporary Sources (1509-1610)
580:religion. In 1603, the citizens of Cork along with
509:arrived. In 1491 Cork played a part in the English
2003:
1776:
1764:
1752:
1620:
1596:
1542:
1436:
1424:
869:– a paramilitary police force raised to help the
803:. O'Brien published a third local newspaper, the
2060:CorkPastAndPresent.ie (Cork City Library) Photos
850:1919–1921, Cork was the scene of much violence.
465:culture in the midst of a predominantly hostile
1831:Olde Cork, Historical - Theatrical - Commercial
45:. Its history dates back to the sixth century.
3170:Histories of cities in the Republic of Ireland
2385:Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award
1136:AI1001.4 Repose of Flaithem, abbot of Corcach.
2197:
2080:
1556:"The Protestant Reformation fails in Ireland"
8:
1608:
1505:
1503:
1409:
1322:
724:King Street, now MacCurtain Street), c. 1900
53:
1632:
716:Population explosion, famine and emigration
3047:
2678:
2478:
2354:
2204:
2190:
2182:
2087:
2073:
2065:
1482:
1112:AI951.3 Repose of Ailill abbot of Corcach.
52:
1960:
1895:Consolidating Conquest, Ireland 1603-1727
1715:
1692:"Book Review: The Year of Disappearances"
1644:
1382:
537:The character of Cork was changed by the
1978:(2nd ed.). Cork: The Collins Press.
1849:Green Against Green -The Irish Civil War
1334:
896:in October of that year. On 11 December
892:was arrested in August 1920 and died on
3138:Italics indicate proposed developments.
1729:"The battle for Cork City, August 1922"
1579:
1470:
1294:"Northern Ireland Census of Population"
1179:
659:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
1656:
1494:
1394:
1358:
1346:
1069:AI774.1 Kl. Selbach of Corcach rested.
1029:car factory closed in 1984 as did the
599:In 1641, Ireland was convulsed by the
2055:The Irish War of Independence in Cork
1842:. Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab.
1517:. Cork City Libraries. Archived from
1228:from the original on 16 November 2018
827:, suffering heavy casualties both in
700:buildings. Examples of this include,
7:
1370:
1131:AI997.3 Repose of Colmán of Corcach.
795:, but from 1910 stood firmly behind
2576:Hamblin and Porter's Grammar School
1888:. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
1310:
1222:Central Statistics Office (Ireland)
898:the city centre was gutted by fires
3101:Cork Victoria Road railway station
3073:Cork Albert Street railway station
2380:Cork International Choral Festival
1953:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x
1897:. Pearson Education. p. 184.
1623:, Nineteenth Century Architecture.
1198:from the original on 11 April 2020
787:city, with widespread support for
14:
3108:Cork Western Road railway station
617:Murrough O'Brien, Earl Inchiquinn
3115:Show Ground Halt railway station
3066:Cork Albert Quay railway station
2810:Cathedral of St Mary and St Anne
2375:Cork International Film Festival
420:connects this with the earliest
1916:. Dublin: Gill & MacMillan.
1865:Larsen, Anne-Christine (2001).
1860:. Dublin: Gill & MacMillan.
1851:. Dublin: Gill & MacMillan.
1194:. Irish Examiner. 30 May 2019.
640:Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery
3087:Cork City Park railway station
1974:Murchadha, Diarmuid Ó (1996).
1838:Hansen, Mogens Herman (2000).
1829:Coughlan, Christopher (1975).
1806:"About Cork - History of Cork"
1:
2659:Cork International Exhibition
2565:Presentation Brothers College
1858:The Irish War of Independence
1767:, Economic History 1930-1990.
27:
3080:Cork Capwell railway station
2525:Bishopstown Community School
2494:Cork Institute of Technology
2025:Stanihurst, Richard (1979).
1987:. Gill & Macmillan Ltd.
1921:Maxwell, Constantia (1923).
1256:Census for post 1821 figures
757:published from 1823 and the
486:and hides and the import of
2835:Saint Fin Barre's Cathedral
2653:Irish Industrial Exhibition
2535:Coláiste an Spioraid Naoimh
2002:O'Brien, Joseph V. (1976).
1976:Family Names of County Cork
1941:The Economic History Review
1856:Hopkinson, Michael (2004).
1847:Hopkinson, Michael (2002).
1799:. Cork: Guy & Co., Ltd.
1050:European Capital of Culture
994:Late twentieth-century Cork
905:truce agreed in July 1921.
823:enlisted to serve with the
521:. The former mayor of Cork
3186:
2840:SS Peter and Paul's Church
2530:Christian Brothers College
2504:St. John's Central College
1935:; O Grada, Cormac (1984).
1804:Cork City Council (2007).
1599:, Nineteenth Century Cork.
1038:Cork Airport Business Park
815:Following the outbreak of
477:. Neighbouring Gaelic and
3135:
3059:Blackrock railway station
3020:Parnell Place Bus Station
2970:Cork Kent railway station
1914:Sixteenth Century Ireland
1893:Lenihan, Padraig (2008).
1545:, Cork City 1600 to 1645.
1439:, Fifteenth Century Cork.
848:Irish War of Independence
793:Irish Parliamentary Party
657:by an English army under
647:Williamite war in Ireland
539:Tudor conquest of Ireland
392:
80:—
3122:Victoria railway station
3015:National Software Centre
2612:St. Mary's Health Campus
2602:Cork University Hospital
2550:Douglas Community School
2489:Cork College of Commerce
1983:Murphy, Gearoid (2010).
1833:. Cork: Feehan & Co.
1323:Mokyr & O Grada 1984
954:Free State forces landed
941:annulled by the Treaty.
871:Royal Irish Constabulary
622:In 1649–53, Ireland was
551:Second Desmond Rebellion
545:and tried to impose the
2545:Coláiste Stiofáin Naofa
2509:University College Cork
2436:Lewis Glucksman Gallery
2029:. Dublin: Dolmen Press.
1927:. G. Allen & Unwin.
825:Royal Munster Fusiliers
819:in 1914 many of Cork's
763:University College Cork
665:Eighteenth-century Cork
601:Irish Rebellion of 1641
417:Cogad Gáedel re Gallaib
402:settlement, founded by
3165:History of County Cork
3160:History of Cork (city)
3035:St. Finbarr's Cemetery
2861:Oliver Plunkett Street
2607:St. Finbarr's Hospital
2597:Mater Private Hospital
1869:. Viking Ship Museum.
1867:The Vikings in Ireland
1777:Cork City Council 2007
1765:Cork City Council 2007
1755:, Slum Clearance 1920.
1753:Cork City Council 2007
1621:Cork City Council 2007
1597:Cork City Council 2007
1543:Cork City Council 2007
1437:Cork City Council 2007
1425:Cork City Council 2007
1003:
950:an attack from the sea
862:
725:
685:
677:
605:Irish Confederate Wars
547:Protestant Reformation
543:Plantations of Ireland
458:
31:
22:Patrick Street, Cork.
2499:Griffith College Cork
1912:Lennon, Colm (1994).
1793:Cork Chamber (1919).
1515:Cork Past and Present
1056:Annalistic references
1001:
875:Irish Republican Army
856:
801:All-for-Ireland Party
739:Peterborough, Ontario
723:
683:
672:
456:
430:Anglo-Norman settlers
54:Historical population
21:
3010:The Montenotte Hotel
2421:Crawford Art Gallery
2035:Todd, James Henthorn
1511:"History of Shandon"
1300:on 17 February 2012.
1062:Annals of Inisfallen
877:. On 20 March 1920,
838:In 1916, during the
613:battle of Liscarroll
565:President of Munster
519:Henry VII of England
2876:St Patrick's Street
2820:Holy Trinity Church
2794:Tramore Valley Park
2560:Mount Mercy College
2540:Coláiste Chríost Rí
2426:Firkin Crane Centre
2390:Live at the Marquee
2105:Republic of Ireland
2043:. London: Longmans.
1969:on 4 December 2012.
1816:on 19 November 2007
821:National Volunteers
811:War of Independence
694:Louis XIV of France
645:In 1690 during the
572:in 1601 during the
457:Map of Cork in 1545
55:
3030:Skiddy's Almshouse
2762:recreational areas
2618:Erinville Hospital
2570:Scoil Mhuire, Cork
2416:Cork Public Museum
2370:Cork Jazz Festival
1521:on 3 February 2021
1427:, The Black Death.
1325:, p. 473-488.
1017:Cork's inner city
1004:
923:Anglo-Irish Treaty
886:Lord Mayor of Cork
879:Thomas Mac Curtain
863:
861:" in December 1920
857:Aftermath of the "
747:Great Irish Famine
726:
686:
678:
653:and taken for the
459:
32:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3131:
3130:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3005:Jack Lynch Tunnel
2886:Washington Street
2815:Church of St Anne
2774:Fitzgerald's Park
2769:Bishop Lucey Park
2755:
2754:
2747:Cork Community TV
2627:
2620:
2585:
2584:
2578:
2470:
2469:
2395:SoundEye Festival
2179:
2178:
2097:cities in Ireland
1994:978-0-7171-4748-9
1672:. 5 November 2010
1609:Cork Chamber 1919
1410:Cork Chamber 1919
1192:irishexaminer.com
1163:Metropolitan Cork
987:Guerrilla warfare
785:Irish nationalist
755:Cork Constitution
651:Cork was besieged
609:Irish Confederate
607:. An ineffective
511:Wars of the Roses
396:
395:
3177:
3140:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3094:Cork County Gaol
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3051:Railway stations
3048:
2980:The Custom House
2965:Cork County Hall
2950:Collins Barracks
2935:Blackrock Castle
2690:Cork Independent
2679:
2623:
2616:
2574:
2479:
2431:Everyman Theatre
2411:Cork Opera House
2355:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2183:
2158:Northern Ireland
2089:
2082:
2075:
2066:
2044:
2030:
2021:
2009:
1998:
1979:
1970:
1965:. Archived from
1964:
1928:
1917:
1908:
1889:
1880:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1812:. Archived from
1800:
1780:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1552:
1546:
1540:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1507:
1498:
1492:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1450:"Perkin Warbeck"
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1413:
1407:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1296:. Archived from
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1270:. Archived from
1264:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1184:
974:Collins Barracks
935:Munster Republic
927:Irish Free State
890:Terence McSwiney
844:Irish Volunteers
842:as many as 1000
533:Wars of religion
398:Cork began as a
69:
64:
56:
29:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3127:
3046:
3041:Two Working Men
2945:City Gate Mahon
2927:
2926:Other buildings
2921:
2895:
2891:Wellington Road
2844:
2798:
2761:
2751:
2735:
2709:
2670:
2665:Burning of Cork
2642:History of Cork
2630:
2625:North Infirmary
2581:
2555:North Monastery
2513:
2466:
2445:
2399:
2346:
2215:
2210:
2180:
2175:
2152:
2099:
2093:
2051:
2033:
2024:
2018:
2001:
1995:
1982:
1973:
1931:
1920:
1911:
1905:
1892:
1883:
1877:
1864:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1819:
1817:
1803:
1792:
1789:
1784:
1783:
1775:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1733:The Irish Story
1727:
1726:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1698:
1696:The Irish Story
1690:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1655:
1651:
1643:
1639:
1631:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1586:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1560:The Irish Story
1554:
1553:
1549:
1541:
1534:
1524:
1522:
1509:
1508:
1501:
1493:
1489:
1483:Stanihurst 1979
1481:
1477:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1453:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1435:
1431:
1423:
1416:
1408:
1401:
1393:
1389:
1381:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1321:
1317:
1309:
1305:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1231:
1229:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1201:
1199:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1149:
1058:
1023:housing estates
996:
981:Michael Collins
931:Irish Civil War
919:
900:started by the
859:Burning of Cork
813:
805:Cork Free Press
797:William O'Brien
789:Irish Home Rule
731:terrible famine
718:
667:
632:Oliver Cromwell
628:Parliamentarian
535:
451:
449:Settler outpost
436:was granted by
51:
12:
11:
5:
3183:
3181:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3152:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3054:
3052:
3045:
3044:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
3000:English Market
2997:
2992:
2990:Elizabeth Fort
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2960:Cork City Hall
2957:
2955:Cork City Gaol
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2931:
2929:
2928:and structures
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2871:Shandon Street
2868:
2863:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2704:Irish Examiner
2700:
2693:
2685:
2683:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2650:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2483:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2457:English Market
2453:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2186:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2162:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2050:
2049:External links
2047:
2046:
2045:
2031:
2022:
2016:
1999:
1993:
1980:
1971:
1947:(4): 473–488.
1929:
1918:
1909:
1904:978-0582772175
1903:
1890:
1881:
1875:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1801:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1769:
1757:
1745:
1720:
1716:Hopkinson 2002
1708:
1683:
1661:
1649:
1645:Hopkinson 2004
1637:
1635:, p. 222.
1625:
1613:
1611:, p. 168.
1601:
1584:
1582:, p. 184.
1572:
1547:
1532:
1499:
1487:
1475:
1473:, p. 368.
1463:
1441:
1429:
1414:
1399:
1397:, p. 256.
1387:
1385:, p. 261.
1383:Murchadha 1996
1375:
1363:
1361:, p. 257.
1351:
1339:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1285:
1259:
1248:
1239:
1209:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1092:, and Corcach.
1081:
1076:
1071:
1057:
1054:
995:
992:
970:Elizabeth Fort
939:Irish Republic
918:
915:
902:Black and Tans
867:Black and Tans
812:
809:
778:Queen Adelaide
774:Queen Victoria
749:of the 1840s.
717:
714:
666:
663:
626:by an English
578:Roman Catholic
574:Nine Years War
561:Shandon Castle
555:bubonic plague
534:
531:
515:Perkin Warbeck
503:bubonic plague
479:Hiberno-Norman
450:
447:
394:
393:
390:
389:
386:
383:
379:
378:
375:
372:
368:
367:
364:
361:
357:
356:
353:
350:
346:
345:
342:
339:
335:
334:
331:
328:
324:
323:
320:
317:
313:
312:
309:
306:
302:
301:
298:
295:
291:
290:
287:
284:
280:
279:
276:
273:
269:
268:
265:
262:
258:
257:
254:
251:
247:
246:
243:
240:
236:
235:
232:
229:
225:
224:
221:
218:
214:
213:
210:
207:
203:
202:
199:
196:
192:
191:
188:
185:
181:
180:
177:
174:
170:
169:
166:
163:
159:
158:
155:
152:
148:
147:
144:
141:
137:
136:
133:
130:
126:
125:
122:
119:
115:
114:
111:
108:
104:
103:
100:
97:
93:
92:
89:
86:
82:
81:
78:
75:
71:
70:
65:
60:
50:
47:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3182:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3139:
3134:
3123:
3119:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3070:
3067:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2985:Daly's Bridge
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2940:Christ Church
2938:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2866:Parnell Place
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2830:The Red Abbey
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2758:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2731:Cork's Red FM
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2647:Siege of Cork
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2577:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2462:Marina Market
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2337:Turners Cross
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2322:Sunday's Well
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2277:Gurranabraher
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2202:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2090:
2085:
2083:
2078:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2017:9780520028869
2013:
2008:
2007:
2000:
1996:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1876:9788785180421
1872:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1779:, Conclusion.
1778:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1749:
1746:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1709:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1464:
1451:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1412:, p. 51.
1411:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1376:
1373:, p. 30.
1372:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1335:Coughlan 1975
1331:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1274:on 7 May 2016
1273:
1269:
1268:"histpop.org"
1263:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1213:
1210:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1028:
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799:'s dissident
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2856:Grand Parade
2825:Honan Chapel
2784:Kennedy Park
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2317:South Parish
2282:Knocknaheeny
2237:Ballyphehane
2232:Ballintemple
2117:
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1975:
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1944:
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1559:
1550:
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1519:the original
1514:
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1212:
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1191:
1182:
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1096:
1090:Imlech Ibuir
1083:
1078:
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1046:Port of Cork
1042:Celtic Tiger
1035:
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687:
644:
636:Confederates
624:re-conquered
621:
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559:
536:
527:
523:John Atwater
500:
460:
434:city charter
415:
397:
33:
15:
3025:Sir Henry's
2995:The Elysian
2975:Cork Prison
2917:Lough Mahon
2726:Cork's 96FM
2482:Third level
2365:Cork Caucus
2247:Bishopstown
2242:Ballyvolane
2227:Ballinlough
2095:History of
1933:Mokyr, Joel
1810:corkcity.ie
1657:Murphy 2010
1495:Lennon 1994
1395:Hansen 2000
1359:Hansen 2000
1347:Larsen 2001
1232:16 November
1153:County Cork
873:combat the
831:and on the
817:World War I
674:Herman Moll
655:Williamites
630:army under
615:. In 1644,
529:affinity".
507:Black Death
463:Old English
438:Prince John
408:Ottir Iarla
3154:Categories
2881:South Mall
2740:Television
2450:Food halls
2441:Public art
2307:Montenotte
1962:10197/1406
1820:1 November
1565:2 November
1525:28 January
1456:1 November
1278:14 January
1169:References
1008:Jack Lynch
966:Rochestown
956:at nearby
910:Peter Hart
594:King James
24:Photochrom
2912:The Lough
2907:River Lee
2789:The Lough
2760:Parks and
2518:Secondary
2475:Education
2287:The Lough
2257:Blackrock
2252:Blackpool
2220:Districts
2213:Cork City
2148:Waterford
1452:. Triskel
1371:Todd 1867
1012:Taoiseach
917:Civil War
883:Sinn Féin
829:Gallipoli
770:Victorian
690:Huguenots
582:Waterford
505:when the
404:St Finbar
30:1890–1900
2803:Religion
2779:The Glen
2697:The Echo
2302:Mayfield
2272:The Glen
2267:Glasheen
2143:Limerick
2138:Kilkenny
2123:Drogheda
2037:(1867).
1311:Lee 1981
1226:Archived
1196:Archived
1147:See also
791:and the
765:opened.
698:Georgian
586:Limerick
471:the Pale
400:monastic
91:+1234.3%
2849:Streets
2635:History
2351:Culture
2312:Shandon
2297:Mardyke
2262:Douglas
2166:Belfast
2113:Athlone
1787:Sources
1119:Les Mór
1086:Les Mór
962:Douglas
570:Kinsale
473:around
412:Munster
385:210,000
374:125,657
363:119,418
352:123,062
341:127,187
330:127,253
319:133,271
308:136,344
297:138,267
286:134,430
275:125,283
264:115,689
253:114,428
242:112,009
110:107,016
99:100,658
49:Origins
43:Munster
39:Ireland
2667:(1920)
2661:(1902)
2655:(1852)
2649:(1690)
2590:Health
2404:Venues
2358:Events
2342:Wilton
2332:Togher
2327:Tivoli
2133:Galway
2128:Dublin
2014:
1991:
1901:
1873:
1738:22 May
1701:22 May
1676:22 May
1202:31 May
1031:Dunlop
952:. The
881:, the
706:butter
475:Dublin
467:Gaelic
426:Cotter
422:Viking
414:. The
388:+67.1%
245:+24.6%
231:89,877
223:+18.9%
220:93,322
209:78,490
198:76,673
187:76,122
176:75,345
165:80,124
154:78,642
143:79,594
132:82,625
124:−24.6%
121:80,720
102:+56.3%
88:64,394
26:print
2714:Radio
2682:Print
2675:Media
2292:Mahon
2171:Derry
1174:Notes
1064:(AI)
1019:slums
513:when
377:+5.2%
366:−3.0%
355:−3.2%
344:−0.1%
333:−4.5%
322:−2.3%
311:−1.4%
300:+2.9%
289:+7.3%
278:+8.3%
267:+1.1%
256:+2.2%
234:−3.7%
212:+2.4%
201:+0.7%
190:+1.0%
179:−6.0%
168:+1.9%
157:−1.2%
146:−3.7%
135:+2.4%
113:+6.3%
77:4,826
2721:C103
2118:Cork
2012:ISBN
1989:ISBN
1899:ISBN
1871:ISBN
1822:2018
1740:2016
1703:2016
1678:2016
1567:2018
1527:2021
1458:2018
1280:2020
1234:2018
1204:2019
1060:See
1027:Ford
972:and
964:and
743:Cobh
710:beef
708:and
584:and
496:wine
494:and
492:iron
488:salt
484:wool
382:2019
371:2016
360:2006
349:2002
338:1996
327:1991
316:1986
305:1981
294:1979
283:1971
272:1966
261:1961
250:1956
239:1951
228:1946
217:1936
206:1926
195:1911
184:1901
173:1891
162:1881
151:1871
140:1861
129:1851
118:1841
107:1831
96:1821
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