782:
1556:
494:
1664:
1651:
1357:
1338:
1545:
45:
1326:
1046:
794:
1755:
517:
1070:
452:
1058:
1851:(SAHMRI), the University of Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences building, the University of South Australia's Health Innovation Building and various other health and biomedical research institutes under construction, leading to the informal moniker of the western end of North Terrace as Adelaide's "BioMed City" precinct. Much of this land was formerly railyards.
509:
754:. The British government appointed a Board of Commissioners from people nominated by the South Australian Association, with the task of organising the new colony and meeting the condition of selling at least £35,000 worth of land. This land was advertised and preliminary purchase land orders were sold before a single settler had set foot in their new home.
579:, a word which also referred to the area of land which supported the family group. Each yerta was the responsibility of Kaurna adults who inherited the land and had an intimate knowledge of its resources and features. The Kaurna led a nomadic existence within the Yerta confines in large family groups of around 30. The area where the
699:
Wakefield suggested that instead of granting free land to settlers as had happened in other colonies, the land should be sold. The money from land purchases would be used solely to transport labourers to the colony free of charge, who were to be responsible and skilled workers rather than paupers and
757:
Free passage was given to suitable labourers, generally men and women under 30 years of age who were healthy and of good character. They were expected to carry out a promise of working for wages until they had saved enough to buy land of their own and employ others, a process taking at least 3 or 4
695:
were looking to start a colony based on free settlement rather than convict labour. After problems in other
Australian colonies arising from existing settlement methods, the time was right to form a more methodical approach to establishing a colony. In 1829 an imprisoned Wakefield wrote a series of
1316:
in 1843 which changed farming methods throughout South
Australia and the nation at large. By 1843, 93 km (36 sq mi) of land was growing wheat (contrasted with 0.08 km, 0.031 sq mi in 1838). Toward the end of the century South Australia became known as the "granary of
958:
Light favoured a location on rising ground along the
Torrens valley between the coast and hills which would be free of floodwaters. Governor Hindmarsh upon arrival initially approved of the location, but changed his mind thinking that the site should instead be two miles (3 km) closer to the
1205:
who arrived in
October 1838 to a situation of almost no public finances, underpaid officials and 4,000 immigrants still living in makeshift accommodation. He was allowed a maximum of £12,000 expenditure a year, with an additional £5,000 credit for emergencies, but was given the impression by the
1146:
by "Squatters" until required for agriculture. Once the land was surveyed it was put up for sale and the
Squatters had to buy their runs or move on. Most bought their land when it came up for sale, disadvantaging farmers who had a hard time finding good and unoccupied land.
1213:
Gawler's first goal was to address delays over rural settlement and agriculture. He persuaded Sturt in New South Wales to work for him as surveyor-general, overseeing the surveys himself in the meantime. He appointed more colonial officials with higher wages, set up a
1751:, deeming Adelaide road capacities sufficient for future needs, committed his government to selling off the land acquired for the MATS plan ensuring that even when needs or public opinion changed, the construction of most MATS proposed freeways would be impossible.
1807:
collapse plunged both
Adelaide and South Australia into economic recession, was the biggest banking crisis in Australia since the great bank crashes in Victoria in the 1890s, the economic effects are still felt today. This resulted in the resignation of
1237:. In 1840 there were crop failures in the other Australian colonies, upon which Adelaide still relied for food, and the cost of living increased rapidly. Gawler increased public expenditure to prevent an economic collapse, which resulted in
1607:
In 1928, 2000 special constables were sworn in to break a strike of dock workers. The volunteer "Citizen's
Defence Brigade" had been brought in and armed to fight striking port workers, and they were housed in a camp dubbed the
1106:, managed to complete 243 km (94 sq mi) by December 1837, by which time the population had increased to around 2,500. When Kingston returned in June 1838, 605.7 km (233.9 sq mi) had been completed.
1382:
due to the exodus of workers leaving to seek their fortunes on the goldfields. However, this also led to a high demand for South
Australian wheat. The situation improved when prospectors returned with their gold finds.
758:
years. Land sales were encouraged by granting one acre (4,000 m) of town land in
Adelaide for every 80 acres (32 ha) of rural land sold (later altered to 134-acre country sections). The largest buyer of land was the
719:, secretary of the South Australian Association, promoted Wakefield's theories and organised societies of people interested in the scheme. In 1834 the South Australian Association, with the aid of such figures as
1683:
After the war, an assisted migration scheme brought 215,000 emigrants of many
European nationalities to South Australia between 1947 and 1973. Electrical goods were manufactured in former munitions factories and
1094:
which was seen as a healthy sign. With the town survey completed, Light's poorly paid and ill-equipped surveying team were expected to begin another massive task of surveying at least 405 km of rural land.
681:
to which the colonists might venture with every prospect of success ... All who have ever landed upon the eastern shore of the St. Vincent's Gulf agree as to the richness of its soil and the abundance of its
1317:
Australia". From a low point in 1842 when 642 out of 1,915 houses were abandoned and there was talk of abandoning the settlement, Adelaide was a bustling city when Grey left to govern New Zealand in 1845.
1812:, who was at that time both Premier and Treasurer (1982–1992); in the resulting 1993 election, the Liberal party won what is still the largest majority government in South Australian history of 23 seats.
971:, mainly directed towards Light, a public meeting of landholders was called on 10 February 1837, where a vote was held resulting in 218 to 127 in Light's favour, settling the issue for the meantime.
1766:
Government of the 1970s saw something of an Adelaide 'cultural revival' - establishing a wide array of social reforms and overseeing the city becoming a centre of the arts. Adelaide hosted the
770:
1102:
was sent back to London in October 1837 to ask for more staff and equipment to speed up the process, and to have the troublesome Hindmarsh recalled. Light, who was slowly succumbing to
1848:
990:
composed of 342 acres (1.38 km) and Adelaide 700 acres (2.8 km), surrounded by over 2,332 acres (9.44 km) set aside as parklands for recreation and public functions.
1390:, however overland transport was too slow. A£4,000 prize was offered in 1850 by the South Australian government for the first two people to navigate the River Murray in an iron
1142:. Sheep were overlanded from New South Wales from 1838, with the wool industry forming the basis of South Australia's economy for the first few years. Vast tracts of land were
1252:
was sent to replace Gawler. Despite having been recalled, Governor Gawler had put Adelaide on a firm footing, making South Australia agriculturally self-sufficient, building
637:"Hurried ....as my view of it was, my eye never fell on a country of more promising aspect, or more favourable position, than that which occupies the space between the lake (
621:
independently charted the southern coast of the Australian continent, with the notable exception of the inlet later known as the Port Adelaide River. In 1802 Flinders named
1571:
of its founders, but deplored its Puritan tone. Others thought it combined all the best and all the worst features of life in an Australian city – an extremely wealthy
974:
The survey was completed on 11 March 1837, which was a considerable achievement given the time taken to complete comparable surveys. The city plan carefully fitted the
1597:
1579:
suburbs alongside grinding poverty in industrial slums; a nominal proclamation of Christian virtues on Sundays, yet a ruthless devotion to money-making on weekdays.
1367:
and Victoria Street, 1899. The building, with its wrought-iron verandah featuring a Coat of Arms, was demolished and replaced by the art deco Metro Theatre in 1939.
955:
was discovered to the south of the Port River and northeast of Holdfast Bay, and Light and his team set about determining the city's precise location and layout.
480:
1086:
Colonists who had already purchased land before departing were given first choice on 23 March 1837, and the remaining areas were auctioned for between 2 and 14
1117:, or hand control over to Kingston and confine himself to coastal surveys. Light resigned in protest. Hindmarsh was to be replaced, and left Adelaide on board
781:
2245:
1978:
329:
220:
140:
68:
1177:
Streets planned as extra wide to allow for future development. Instead, development concentrated around two of the narrowest streets on the city plan,
2168:
290:
1622:. The 1933 census recorded the state population at 580,949, which was less of an increase than other states due to the state's economic limitations.
728:
96:
947:
Light had to work quickly as the settlers were eager to take possession of the land they had purchased and grew impatient waiting. The salt water
608:
1675:
on 11 June 1978, it was part of the Public Transport Centenary celebrations; now it is a member of the preserved fleet of operating trams at the
1958:
1465:'s 1862 expedition to the north coast of Australia, he discovered 200,000 km (77,000 sq mi) of grazing territory to the west of
225:
73:
1218:
and took part in explorations of the surrounding terrain. A governor's house, jail, police barracks, hospital, and customs house and wharf at
1890:
1716:
1442:
in 1858 which adapted the principles of shipping registers, and was emulated in the other Australian colonies and overseas in places such as
91:
86:
81:
180:
2265:
724:
583:
now stands was called "Tarndanya", which translates as "male red kangaroo rock", an area along the south bank of what is now called the
418:
155:
120:
1880:
1875:
1870:
638:
473:
2039:
1018:
353:
270:
2003:
1786:
1121:
on 14 July 1838, some three months before the next governor, George Gawler, arrived via Kingscote KI, on 12 October 1838, aboard
743:
295:
275:
230:
210:
190:
115:
2231:
A short sketch of the lives of Francis and William Light: the founders of Penang and Adelaide, with extracts from their journals
564:
493:
160:
135:
1210:
back in London that self-sufficiency of the colony was of minor importance and that government support should be relied upon.
986:
were planned on higher land to the north and south. Adelaide was divided into two districts north and south of the river with
1946:
1122:
263:
150:
54:
1555:
1248:
The British Parliament approved a £155,000 loan (later made a gift) to bail-out the colony. A head had to roll and Captain
1804:
1794:
1342:
1174:
646:
466:
280:
215:
205:
165:
1689:
2260:
2031:
1860:
1615:
1486:
871:
comprised the Colonization Commissioners for South Australia's 'First Expedition', others took supplies and settlers to
830:
413:
258:
766:, which bought enough land for South Australia to proceed, and continued to influence the colony's future development.
2173:
1701:
1432:
185:
1663:
1740:
1619:
1273:
1099:
1022:
876:
751:
438:
377:
341:
195:
2099:
1975:
700:
convicts. Land prices needed to be high enough so that workers who saved to buy land of their own remained in the
1672:
1529:
1447:
1350:
1242:
1166:
998:
285:
200:
125:
1676:
1650:
1222:
were built, as well as houses for public officials and missionaries, and outstations for police and surveyors.
937:
818:
732:
1626:
1995:
1844:
1840:
1828:
1771:
1630:
1451:
1356:
1030:
1026:
855:
798:
759:
692:
678:
599:. When European settlers arrived in 1836, estimates of the Kaurna population ranged from 300 to 500 people.
553:
175:
63:
2024:
Llewellyn-Smith, Michael (2012). "The Background to the Founding of Adelaide and South Australia in 1836".
2117:
1824:
1728:
1668:
1497:
1490:
1482:
1435:
1309:
1299:
145:
1402:
and Francis Cadell of Adelaide, unintentionally making the attempt at the same time, raced each other to
1767:
1410:
1276:
on 15 May 1841. He slashed public expenditure, turning public opinion against him (which Grey ignored).
1034:
951:
was sighted and deemed to be a suitable harbour, however there was no fresh water available nearby. The
848:
365:
1671:
had been a glimpse of the next tram generation when Adelaide's street tramways were closed in 1958. At
1520:. Adelaide was not as badly hit as the larger gold-rush cities of Sydney and Melbourne, and silver and
1454:. In 1860 the Thorndon Park reservoir was opened, finally providing an alternative water source to the
1337:
1719:(MATS). Bowing to opposition from the public, who feared freeways would create urban problems such as
1647:. Adelaide's transformation from an agricultural service centre to a 20th-century city was under way.
836:
1906:
1894:
1512:
fell and immigration was reduced to a trickle. The value of South Australia's exports nearly halved.
1462:
1375:
1229:
eased after 1839; cash and credit were scarce, explorations indicated limited good land, and British
580:
406:
235:
30:
665:, conducted a more thorough survey of the area in 1831, as recommended by Sturt. After swimming the
1744:
1705:
1371:
1186:
1150:
Farms took longer to establish than sheep runs and were expensive to set up. Despite this, by 1860
1087:
979:
401:
389:
370:
334:
253:
2229:
2045:
1640:
1474:
1346:
1302:
which brought wealth to the Adelaide shopkeepers who invested in the mine. With a series of good
1285:
1249:
1074:
884:
1544:
879:, to await official decisions on the location and administration of the new colony. By the time
516:
2074:
2035:
1942:
1865:
1836:
1590:
1568:
1517:
929:
904:, who had two months to complete his tasks, rejected locations for the new settlement such as
812:
763:
394:
358:
346:
1885:
1697:
1601:
1429:
parliament was elected on 9 March 1857, by which time 109,917 people lived in the province.
1002:
614:
456:
170:
1688:
cars were manufactured from 1948. An earthquake did considerable damage in March 1954. The
1654:
Adelaide railway station, the city centre, south-eastern suburbs and Adelaide Hills in 1935
1245:). Over £200,000 in bills had been amassed and the land fund in London had been exhausted.
44:
1982:
1832:
1387:
1330:
1313:
1207:
1014:
872:
866:
824:
705:
658:
642:
541:
940:
the site of present-day Glenelg, with Governor Hindmarsh arriving on 28 December 1836 to
673:
people. Despite this, his more detailed survey led Sturt to conclude in his 1833 report:
1839:, the first growth after the decline of the system during the 1950s. The western end of
1500:, ending a hectic era of land booms and tumultuous expansion. Financial institutions in
1045:
793:
2049:
2025:
1754:
1736:
1509:
1379:
1364:
1261:
1253:
1226:
1182:
1114:
1091:
1050:
987:
891:
618:
572:
501:
1325:
2254:
1779:
1548:
1439:
1422:
1395:
1284:
the same year, which lifted spirits and spurred on discoveries of other finds in the
1257:
1219:
1202:
1190:
1178:
1155:
1062:
1006:
964:
952:
925:
905:
901:
806:
747:
716:
662:
654:
626:
584:
560:
521:
1639:
brought industrial stimulus and diversification to Adelaide under the leadership of
1272:
Grey, 29 at the time, issued the news of Gawler's recall himself, from the steps of
1821:
1748:
1693:
1636:
1563:
Historian F.W. Crowley examined the reports of visitors in the early 20th century:
1516:
and poor harvests from 1884 compounded the problems with some families leaving for
1478:
1466:
1426:
1418:
1414:
1215:
1170:
1159:
1110:
1103:
1010:
968:
960:
941:
909:
860:
842:
720:
670:
666:
630:
596:
1925:
1069:
508:
1600:. Adelaide enjoyed a post-war boom, but with the return of droughts, entered the
696:
letters about systematic colonisation which were published in a daily newspaper.
595:
which preceded European settlement, having been transported downstream along the
1939:
Survival in our own land: 'Aboriginal' experiences in South Australia since 1836
1809:
1763:
1732:
1609:
1572:
1525:
1306:
and expanding agriculture, Adelaide exported meat, wool, wine, fruit and wheat.
1281:
1234:
1230:
1090:. Within a few weeks many of the same areas were selling for between 80 and 100
921:
917:
622:
568:
1604:
of the 1930s, later returning to prosperity with strong government leadership.
2208:
Living in South Australia: A Social History Volume 1: From Before 1836 to 1914
1797:
was formed from a merger of several state government education institutions.
1238:
975:
948:
739:
1532:
was recorded, but the price paid was retrenchments and lean public spending.
2130:
1790:
1775:
1501:
1470:
1455:
1443:
1403:
1391:
1135:
994:
983:
897:
701:
677:"It would appear that a spot has at last been found upon the south coast of
130:
1057:
1774:
in the city's east parklands, before losing it in a controversial move to
1720:
1712:
1704:
in 1955. Adelaide gained a second university in 1966 with the opening of
1139:
933:
769:
With the British government's conditions met, King William IV signed the
592:
588:
537:
533:
1835:. The late first decade of the 21st century have seen extensions of the
2131:"Adelaide's Freeways: A History from MATS to the Port River Expressway"
1847:
from the eastern end in 2017, as well as the subsequent opening of the
1724:
1644:
1513:
1386:
South Australians were keen to establish trade links with Victoria and
1303:
1295:
913:
959:
harbour (an area unsuitable due to flooding). Other colonists thought
1685:
1505:
1473:. South Australia was made responsible for the administration of the
1399:
1291:
1277:
2199:
Ray Broomhill, "Underemployment In Adelaide During The Depression."
2169:"'Don't have state banks', says man who witnessed black day for SA"
1298:
in 1842. In 1845 even larger deposits of copper were discovered at
2060:
1753:
1662:
1649:
1554:
1543:
1185:
streets, due to their proximity to the city's water supply and to
1151:
1143:
1131:
587:. Kaurna numbers were greatly reduced by at least two devastating
1643:. 70,000 men and women enlisted and shipbuilding was expanded at
625:, but recorded little of the area which is now Adelaide. In 1830
532:
from the first human activity in the region to the 20th century.
1533:
1521:
1109:
Light's requests were denied; instead he could change from the
1711:
In 1968, a blueprint for the building an integrated system of
1536:
and copper were the only industries not to suffer a downturn.
823:
set sail for South Australia. They were followed in March by
773:
and the first settlers and officials set sail in early 1836.
944:
the commencement of colonial government in South Australia.
2118:
Eric Franklin, The Advertiser: Labour Will Revise MATS Plan
633:
and was impressed with what he briefly saw, later writing:
1193:. Many empty blocks remained until the late 19th century.
936:. Most of the settlers were moved from Kangaroo Island to
735:, succeeding where two previous organisations had failed.
1959:"Town Acre Reference Map - Map of the City of Adelaide"
1849:
South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute
1584:
F.K. Crowley, Modern Australia in Documents: 1901–1939
1241:
and later, changes to the way the colony was run (see
1596:
28,000 South Australians volunteered to fight during
2027:
Behind the Scenes: The Politics of Planning Adelaide
1589:
Electric street lighting was introduced in 1900 and
1165:
The city was intended to develop around the central
738:Wakefield wanted the colony's capital to be called
1446:. Further copper discoveries were made in 1859 at
1715:across Adelaide was released in the form of the
1496:In the 1890s Australia was affected by a severe
1565:
912:. He was required to find the best site with a
1928:, KauranaPlaceNames.com. Retrieved 2009-09-09.
1598:Australia's involvement in the First World War
649:stretches away, without any visible boundary".
603:British preparation for establishing a colony
567:, their territory extending from what is now
552:For early human settlement of Australia, see
474:
8:
1937:Mattingley, C. and Hampton, K. (eds., 1988)
1843:was revitalised after the relocation of the
1735:shelved MATS but retained the land in case
575:. The Kaurna lived in family groups called
2246:A History of the Kingston plan of Adelaide
2107:. McDougall & Vines. 2006. p. 21.
1831:and renewed economic confidence under the
797:Adelaide in 1839, looking south-east from
559:The Adelaide plains were inhabited by the
481:
467:
17:
1559:Trams run along King William Street, 1923
847:(captained by Colonel Light) and then by
731:persuaded British Parliament to pass the
2101:The City of Adelaide: a thematic history
1618:helped reduce the state's dependence on
1355:
1336:
1324:
1138:in South Australia were brought in from
1068:
1056:
1044:
995:grid pattern of South Adelaide's streets
792:
787:The Proclamation of South Australia 1836
780:
515:
507:
492:
1918:
1593:began transporting passengers in 1909.
1528:provided some relief. Only one year of
1201:Adelaide's second Governor was Colonel
609:British colonisation of South Australia
29:
23:This article is part of a series on the
2203:. Nov 1974, Issue 27, p31-40. On 1930s
1567:Many visitors to Adelaide admired the
1717:Metropolitan Adelaide Transport Study
1629:built their multi-storey premises on
1037:were included within the Park Lands.
1021:. Space for public buildings such as
7:
2075:"Port Adelaide struggles, 1928-1931"
1739:changed in the future. In 1980, the
181:1901 Federal Flag Design Competition
2228:Steuart, Archibald Francis (1901).
1345:in 1889, looking south towards the
1113:surveys to a faster (but inferior)
746:preferred it to be named after his
540:founded in 1836 and the capital of
2213:Kathryn Gergett and Susan Marsden
1881:Street Naming Committee (Adelaide)
1876:Australian Overland Telegraph Line
967:would be better sites. After much
14:
2156:The Collins Class Submarine Story
762:headed by businessman and banker
733:South Australian Colonisation act
645:, and, continuing northerly from
2234:. Sampson Low, Marston & Co.
2222:Adelaide: From Colony to Jubilee
2004:History Trust of South Australia
1996:"Light's Plan of Adelaide, 1840"
1994:Elton, Jude (10 December 2013).
1787:Australian Submarine Corporation
1743:won government on a platform of
1591:Adelaide's electric tram service
1394:as far as its junction with the
978:of the area: the Torrens Valley
883:had arrived at Kangaroo Island,
712:The South Australian Association
450:
43:
565:colonisation of South Australia
1696:water to Adelaide in 1955 and
1667:Locally manufactured, one-off
1398:. In 1853 William Randell of
924:, ready internal and external
1:
1795:University of South Australia
1770:between 1985 and 1996 on the
853:(carrying Robert Gouger) and
811:In February 1836 the vessels
2032:University of Adelaide Press
1861:Timeline of Adelaide history
1627:Goldsbrough Mort and Company
1487:South Australian Art Gallery
1406:with Cadell arriving first.
1189:, which led directly to the
1001:) and four smaller squares (
498:Aboriginal Family Travelling
2174:Australian Financial Review
1421:by the British parliament.
1017:). North Adelaide features
997:features a central square (
875:on the present day site of
74:European exploration (land)
2282:
2266:History of South Australia
1820:From 1999 until 2020, the
1793:were opened. In 1991, the
804:
752:Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
691:A group in Britain led by
606:
551:
439:List of years in Australia
69:European exploration (sea)
2215:Adelaide: A brief History
1941:. Wakefield Press. p. 5.
1758:Adelaide from above, 1980
1485:was founded in 1874, the
1409:South Australia became a
1378:in 1851 brought a severe
1243:South Australia Act, 1842
777:British settlement (1836)
667:mouth of the Murray River
528:This article details the
1690:Mannum–Adelaide pipeline
1677:Tramway Museum, St Kilda
1169:, with the intersecting
641:) and the ranges of the
2050:10.20851/j.ctt1sq5wvd.8
1981:15 January 2021 at the
1845:Royal Adelaide Hospital
1829:Adelaide Street Circuit
1772:Adelaide Street Circuit
1489:opened in 1881 and the
1425:were introduced, and a
1363:, north east corner of
760:South Australia Company
704:long enough to avoid a
693:Edward Gibbon Wakefield
669:, Barker was killed by
554:Prehistory of Australia
1837:remaining tram network
1827:race used part of the
1759:
1680:
1655:
1587:
1560:
1552:
1491:Happy Valley Reservoir
1483:University of Adelaide
1368:
1353:
1334:
1078:
1066:
1054:
908:, Kangaroo Island and
802:
790:
525:
513:
505:
1768:Australian Grand Prix
1757:
1666:
1653:
1558:
1547:
1508:closed. The national
1481:was implemented, the
1411:self-governing colony
1359:
1340:
1328:
1233:became interested in
1072:
1060:
1048:
1025:, government stores,
980:was kept as parklands
805:Further information:
796:
784:
607:Further information:
548:Aboriginal settlement
519:
511:
496:
2154:Yule & Woolner,
1907:Edward Charles Frome
1891:Old Government House
1816:Twenty-first century
1782:was closed in 1988.
1616:Secondary industries
1569:foresighted planning
1463:John McDouall Stuart
1294:was discovered near
1158:in the south to the
581:Adelaide city centre
457:Australia portal
56:Timeline and periods
2261:History of Adelaide
1780:(Old) Adelaide Gaol
1745:fiscal conservatism
1706:Flinders University
1498:economic depression
1343:King William street
890:(carrying Governor
617:and French Captain
530:history of Adelaide
512:1835 advertisement.
2177:. 24 February 2022
2034:. pp. 11–38.
1760:
1681:
1656:
1620:primary industries
1573:upper crust living
1561:
1553:
1475:Northern Territory
1369:
1354:
1347:Adelaide Town Hall
1335:
1286:Mount Lofty Ranges
1280:was discovered at
1154:farms ranged from
1124:Pestonjee Bomanjee
1079:
1067:
1055:
930:building materials
894:) was on its way.
803:
791:
729:Duke of Wellington
725:William Molesworth
613:British Commander
526:
514:
506:
354:Northern Territory
264:Chinese Australian
254:African Australian
221:Telecommunications
141:Capital punishment
1731:government under
1659:Post world war II
1540:Twentieth century
1518:Western Australia
1440:land title system
1413:in 1856 with the
1262:public confidence
1027:botanical gardens
1019:Wellington Square
900:-General Colonel
764:George Fife Angas
491:
490:
424:
423:
414:Western Australia
276:Jewish Australian
271:Indigenous people
34:
2273:
2235:
2220:Derek Whitelock
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2165:
2159:
2152:
2146:
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2127:
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2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
1991:
1985:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1955:
1949:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1886:The Old Gum Tree
1871:Proclamation Day
1803:
1747:and the premier
1698:Adelaide Airport
1585:
1575:in splendour in
1493:opened in 1896.
1372:Gold discoveries
1361:Conrad's Butcher
1274:government house
1260:, and restoring
1098:Light's deputy,
1023:Government House
832:Lady Mary Pelham
687:Edward Wakefield
639:Lake Alexandrina
615:Matthew Flinders
483:
476:
469:
455:
454:
453:
314:
313:
259:Asian Australian
171:Eureka Rebellion
57:
47:
37:
32:
24:
18:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2251:
2250:
2242:
2227:
2206:Elizabeth Kwan
2196:
2194:Further reading
2191:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2153:
2149:
2139:
2137:
2129:
2128:
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2112:
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2098:
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2093:
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2081:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2054:
2052:
2042:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2008:
2006:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1983:Wayback Machine
1968:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1936:
1932:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1903:
1857:
1833:Rann government
1818:
1801:
1673:Victoria Square
1669:Type H1 no. 381
1661:
1641:Thomas Playford
1586:
1583:
1542:
1524:discoveries at
1479:street lighting
1458:River Torrens.
1450:and in 1861 at
1388:New South Wales
1380:labour shortage
1351:Victoria Square
1331:Adelaide Arcade
1323:
1314:reaping machine
1270:
1208:Colonial Office
1199:
1167:Victoria Square
1100:George Kingston
1084:
1043:
999:Victoria Square
873:Kangaroo Island
809:
789:, Charles Hill.
779:
744:King William IV
714:
706:labour shortage
689:
659:New South Wales
643:Gulf St Vincent
611:
605:
557:
550:
542:South Australia
487:
451:
449:
444:
443:
434:
426:
425:
378:South Australia
342:New South Wales
318:State/Territory
311:
303:
302:
249:
241:
240:
111:
103:
102:
101:
59:
55:
35:
31:
22:
12:
11:
5:
2279:
2277:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2241:
2240:External links
2238:
2237:
2236:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2201:Labour History
2195:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2160:
2147:
2122:
2110:
2091:
2066:
2040:
2016:
1986:
1963:data.sa.gov.au
1950:
1930:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1866:Light's Vision
1863:
1856:
1853:
1817:
1814:
1802:A$ 3.1 billion
1737:public opinion
1660:
1657:
1581:
1541:
1538:
1510:fertility rate
1477:. In 1867 gas
1436:Robert Torrens
1423:Secret ballots
1365:Hindley Street
1322:
1319:
1269:
1266:
1254:infrastructure
1198:
1195:
1162:in the north.
1115:running survey
1083:
1080:
1051:John Hindmarsh
1042:
1039:
988:North Adelaide
926:communications
892:John Hindmarsh
835:, in April by
778:
775:
771:Letters Patent
713:
710:
688:
685:
684:
683:
651:
650:
619:Nicolas Baudin
604:
601:
573:Port Broughton
549:
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502:W.A. Cawthorne
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278:
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242:
239:
238:
233:
228:
226:Rail transport
223:
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198:
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188:
186:Historiography
183:
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2095:
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2062:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2041:9781922064400
2037:
2033:
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2020:
2017:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1965:. 5 June 2014
1964:
1960:
1954:
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1900:
1896:
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1884:
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1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1841:North Terrace
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1785:In 1989, the
1783:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1756:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1741:Liberal party
1738:
1734:
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1726:
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1714:
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1642:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1631:North Terrace
1628:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1611:
1610:scab compound
1605:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1592:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1549:Currie Street
1546:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1504:and banks in
1503:
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1397:
1396:Darling River
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1263:
1259:
1258:Adelaide Gaol
1255:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1220:Port Adelaide
1217:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1203:George Gawler
1196:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1156:Encounter Bay
1153:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1127:from London.
1126:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1111:trigonometric
1107:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1064:
1063:George Gawler
1059:
1052:
1047:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
972:
970:
966:
965:Encounter Bay
962:
956:
954:
953:River Torrens
950:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
906:Encounter Bay
903:
902:William Light
899:
895:
893:
889:
888:
882:
878:
874:
870:
869:
864:
863:
858:
857:
856:Tam O'Shanter
852:
851:
846:
845:
840:
839:
834:
833:
828:
827:
822:
821:
816:
815:
808:
807:William Light
800:
799:North Terrace
795:
788:
785:(Apocryphal)
783:
776:
774:
772:
767:
765:
761:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
736:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
717:Robert Gouger
711:
709:
707:
703:
697:
694:
686:
680:
676:
675:
674:
672:
668:
664:
663:Ralph Darling
660:
656:
655:Collet Barker
648:
644:
640:
636:
635:
634:
632:
629:explored the
628:
627:Charles Sturt
624:
620:
616:
610:
602:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
585:River Torrens
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
561:Kaurna people
555:
547:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
523:
522:William Light
518:
510:
503:
499:
495:
484:
479:
477:
472:
470:
465:
464:
462:
461:
458:
448:
447:
440:
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436:
430:
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417:
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412:
411:
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363:
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274:
272:
269:
265:
262:
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257:
255:
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251:
245:
244:
237:
236:Unfree labour
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
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139:
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132:
129:
127:
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113:
107:
106:
98:
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83:
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72:
70:
67:
65:
62:
61:
58:
51:
50:
46:
42:
41:
38:
28:
25:
20:
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16:
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2221:
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2207:
2200:
2179:. Retrieved
2172:
2163:
2155:
2150:
2138:. Retrieved
2134:
2125:
2120:, 6 May 1970
2113:
2100:
2094:
2082:. Retrieved
2078:
2069:
2059:– via
2053:. Retrieved
2026:
2019:
2007:. Retrieved
1999:
1989:
1967:. Retrieved
1962:
1953:
1938:
1933:
1921:
1822:Adelaide 500
1819:
1799:
1784:
1761:
1749:David Tonkin
1723:traffic and
1710:
1694:River Murray
1682:
1637:World War II
1635:
1624:
1614:
1606:
1595:
1588:
1576:
1566:
1562:
1495:
1467:Lake Torrens
1460:
1431:
1419:constitution
1415:ratification
1408:
1385:
1370:
1360:
1308:
1290:
1271:
1256:such as the
1247:
1224:
1216:police force
1212:
1200:
1175:King William
1164:
1160:Clare Valley
1149:
1129:
1123:
1118:
1108:
1104:tuberculosis
1097:
1085:
992:
973:
969:mud slinging
961:Port Lincoln
957:
946:
938:Holdfast Bay
910:Port Lincoln
896:
886:
881:Duke of York
880:
867:
861:
854:
849:
843:
841:, in May by
837:
831:
825:
820:Duke of York
819:
813:
810:
786:
768:
756:
737:
721:George Grote
715:
698:
690:
671:Ngarrindjeri
652:
647:Mount Barker
631:River Murray
612:
597:River Murray
576:
558:
538:planned city
529:
527:
497:
382:
322:
317:
156:Constitution
146:Civil rights
126:Antisemitism
97:1945–present
21:
15:
1926:"Tarndanya"
1810:John Bannon
1733:Don Dunstan
1526:Broken Hill
1341:Adelaide's
1312:invented a
1310:John Ridley
1282:Glen Osmond
1250:George Grey
1235:New Zealand
1231:speculators
1075:George Grey
1041:First years
922:fresh water
918:arable land
679:New Holland
623:Mount Lofty
569:Cape Jervis
563:before the
296:Transgender
191:Immigration
121:Agriculture
33:History of
2255:Categories
2084:14 January
2079:libcom.org
2055:16 January
2009:16 January
1969:16 January
1947:0859040402
1913:References
1805:State Bank
1721:gridlocked
1702:West Beach
1700:opened at
1602:depression
1438:devised a
1239:bankruptcy
1134:and other
1130:The first
984:town acres
976:topography
949:Port River
814:John Pirie
740:Wellington
682:pastures."
657:, sent by
366:Queensland
176:Federation
64:Prehistory
2181:20 August
2000:Adelaidia
1825:Supercars
1800:The 1992
1791:shipyards
1776:Melbourne
1502:Melbourne
1471:Lake Eyre
1444:Singapore
1427:bicameral
1417:of a new
1404:Swan Hill
1392:steamboat
1321:1850–1900
1225:The land
1187:Port Road
1136:livestock
1119:Alligator
1082:Hindmarsh
1073:Governor
1061:Governor
1049:Governor
1003:Hindmarsh
885:HMS
877:Kingscote
850:Africaine
702:workforce
661:Governor
589:epidemics
407:Melbourne
310:By region
166:Economics
161:Diplomacy
131:Anzac Day
92:1901–1945
87:1851–1900
82:1788–1850
36:Australia
2158:, p. 127
2140:8 August
1979:Archived
1855:See also
1713:freeways
1692:brought
1625:In 1935
1582:—
1448:Wallaroo
1376:Victoria
1304:harvests
1140:Tasmania
1035:cemetery
1031:hospital
1015:Whitmore
942:proclaim
934:drainage
898:Surveyor
727:and the
653:Captain
593:smallpox
534:Adelaide
520:Colonel
433:See also
402:Victoria
390:Tasmania
383:Adelaide
371:Brisbane
335:Canberra
291:Marriage
248:By group
231:Religion
211:Monarchy
206:Military
116:Abortion
2135:OZROADS
1764:Dunstan
1725:ghettos
1645:Whyalla
1530:deficit
1514:Drought
1461:During
1433:Premier
1333:, 1892.
1296:Kapunda
1183:Hindley
1088:guineas
914:harbour
887:Buffalo
859:. The
323:Capital
136:Banking
2224:(1985)
2217:(1996)
2210:(1987)
2048:
2038:
1945:
1901:People
1895:Belair
1789:naval
1778:. The
1727:, the
1686:Holden
1551:, 1925
1506:Sydney
1456:turbid
1452:Moonta
1400:Mannum
1292:Copper
1278:Silver
1197:Gawler
1179:Rundle
1144:leased
1092:pounds
1007:Hurtle
868:Cygnet
826:Cygnet
742:, but
395:Hobart
359:Darwin
347:Sydney
216:Sports
196:Labour
151:Cinema
110:Topics
2105:(PDF)
2061:JSTOR
2046:JSTOR
1729:Labor
1577:elite
1300:Burra
1171:Grote
1152:wheat
1132:sheep
1011:Light
862:Rapid
844:Rapid
577:yerta
536:is a
419:Perth
281:Women
2183:2022
2142:2011
2086:2019
2057:2021
2036:ISBN
2011:2021
1971:2021
1943:ISBN
1762:The
1534:Wine
1522:lead
1469:and
1349:and
1329:The
1268:Grey
1227:boom
1191:port
1181:and
1173:and
1013:and
993:The
982:and
932:and
865:and
838:Emma
829:and
817:and
748:wife
286:LGBT
201:LGBT
1976:PDF
1612:".
1374:in
963:or
591:of
571:to
500:by
330:ACT
2257::
2171:.
2133:.
2077:.
2044:.
2030:.
2002:.
1998:.
1961:.
1893:,
1708:.
1633:.
1288:.
1264:.
1033:,
1029:,
1009:,
1005:,
928:,
920:,
916:,
750:,
723:,
708:.
544:.
2185:.
2144:.
2088:.
2063:.
2013:.
1973:.
1679:.
1608:"
1077:.
1065:.
1053:.
801:.
556:.
524:.
504:.
482:e
475:t
468:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
