892:
1162:
leader Stéphane Dion supported May's inclusion in the debates but said he would also pull out if Harper withdrew. Bloc leader Gilles
Duceppe said that while his party was against the Greens' inclusion, he would attend the debate whether or not they were included. The Green Party said it would sue to force the consortium to allow it to participate. This was not necessary, however, because of the networks' reversal two days later. Many people protested and threatened to boycott Layton and Harper by staging protests, as well as phoning in and e-mailing the networks and the opposing parties, prompting both parties to recant their position.
833:, May announced the Green Party would support, from outside parliament, the proposed coalition between the Liberals and the NDP (with the parliamentary support of the Bloc Québécois), which was then attempting to displace the incumbent Conservative government. Liberal leader Stéphane Dion indicated that the Green Party would be given input, but not a veto, over coalition policy and also left open the possibility of May being appointed to the Senate if Dion were to become prime minister. Ultimately, however, the coalition fell apart after Prime Minister Stephen Harper, in order to delay an impending non-confidence vote, advised the
389:
in 1997 set a number of important precedents. The 1997 election was the first campaign in which the Greens conducted a national leader's tour, presented a national platform and a bilingual campaign (Russow is trilingual, speaking
Spanish, French and English). Previous campaigns, due in part to the party's few resources and, in part, to the party's constitutional straitjacket, had been characterized by policy and spokespeople operating, at best, province-by-province and, at worst, riding-by-riding. In her own riding of Victoria, Russow received just shy of 3000 votes and 6% of the popular vote.
612:
1021:
779:, the party increased its share of the popular vote by 2.33% (to 6.80%), being the only federally funded party to increase its total vote tally over 2006, attracting nearly 280,000 new votes. However, the party failed to elect a candidate. Some prominent Green Party members blamed the public discussion of strategic voting and the media's misrepresentation of May's comments during the election campaign for the failure of some promising candidates to reach Election Canada's 10% reimbursement threshold, as well as reducing the party's federal funding based on popular vote.
657:
another former party member, Gretchen
Schwarz, were subsequently warned by the party's legal counsel to retract allegations they had made or face a possible legal action. Dana Miller, who served in the party's shadow cabinet with responsibility for human-rights issues, made public her earlier complaints that the party has violated election law and its own constitution and has also asked for an Elections Canada investigation. Miller was expelled from the party after filing a complaint within the party in April.
341:, leader of the provincial Greens in BC. The party's new constitutional framework both democratized and centralized the party which had been previously hobbled by an unworkably decentralized structure. These changes also ended de jure (it had ended de facto some three years earlier) the constitutional prohibition against the party's registered leader acting as its spokesperson or representative. Policy was also agreed to in a wide variety of areas. An important step forward was the structuring of a
1434:
289:, tried to get the Green Party of Canada onto its feet by hosting a conference — the first federal gathering since the founding meeting in 1983. The main accomplishment of that conference was the acceptance, after five years as a registered party, of a constitution. The party continued to field candidates at the federal level, and provincial parties were organized in a few other provinces, led by consistently strong efforts in British Columbia.
1448:
921:
Estrin resigned, criticizing the party for betraying their commitment to values of inclusivity and open public discourse. Elizabeth May accepted the resignation of Estrin, stating that he was not forced to resign but did so of his own volition. May has said that the problem with his statements were the "confusion" they caused because they differed from party lines, but confirmed that Estrin was indeed a "true Green".
689:, an environmental consultant, owner of Green & Gold Inc. and two time candidate, collected 1,096 votes or 33.3 per cent of the total, while Jim Fannon, real estate agent at Re/Max Garden City Realty, four time candidate and founder of Nature's Hemp finished a distant third, collecting just 29 votes or 0.88 per cent of the vote. ("None of the above" finished last with 13 votes or 0.44 per cent of the final vote.)
3150:
24:
803:, local Liberals would "neither confirm nor deny" that they had had discussions with May over ways to unseat MacKay. On 21 March, Dion said, "Madame May and I have conversations about how we may work together to be sure that this government will stop to do so much harm to our environment". The speculation was confirmed when Dion and May agreed not to run candidates in each other's ridings.
313:
affiliate and its leader wanted to demonstrate its success), and at others, a burden (when the provincial affiliate was forced to invest significant volunteer energy or money for its maintenance) for the Greens in BC and
Ontario. Successful candidates for the positions of Leader and Chief Financial Officer were typically personal associates of either the BC or Ontario party's
1189:) announced it would only invite the leaders of the four recognized parties in the House of Commons, namely the Conservative Party, the Liberal Party, the Bloc Québécois and the NDP. Therefore, the Green Party would be excluded. "This is an unacceptable, outrageous, high-handed attempt to shut down democracy in this country," May said in an interview aired on CBC News.
407:. (The candidate in question supported the seal hunt and mining development, as most locals did.) This caused much uncertainty and friction between Newfoundland's Terra Nova Green Party Association and the Green Party leader as the party gradually adapted to the realities of functioning as a true national party rather than a disorganized federation of local activists.
1421:, 2011–2019) - elected as a New Democrat in 2011 and 2015 in the same district. Prior to the next federal election, there were reports that sparked his removal from the NDP caucus, indicating that he was in talks with the Green Party. On 19 August 2019, it was announced that Nantel would be running under the Green Party banner in the 2019 federal election; he lost.
376:, Wendy Priesnitz resigned over what she characterized as domination of the party by an "old boys' network" comprising the BC and Ontario provincial leaders and their male-dominated circles of organizers and advisors. Harry Garfinkle stepped in to be the interim Registered Leader of the Green Party of Canada, and a leadership convention by mail-in ballot was held.
669:
1122:. On November 19, 2022, Elizabeth May was elected leader of the party once again, and promises to convert the current leadership model into a co-leadership model, with Jonathan Pedneault being her co-leader. May ran with Pedneault in the leadership race, and Pedneault currently serves as the deputy leader of the party.
1099:, and second Green MP outside of British Columbia. While at the same time, Paul Manly loses his seat in Nanaimo—Ladysmith, as well the percentage and voters that the party has building up over the 12 years. A week after the election, Paul announced her intention to begin the process of resigning as leader.
1855:
552:. Green Party policy writers have challenged this interpretation by claiming that any unintended "regressive" tax consequences from the application of a Green Tax Shift would be intentionally offset by changes in individual tax rates and categories as well as an 'eco-tax" refund for those who pay no tax.
1161:
However, the consortium said that three parties (later identified as the
Conservatives, NDP, and one other party) had threatened to boycott the debate if the Green Party was included, and that it had decided it was better to proceed with the four larger parties "in the interest of Canadians". Liberal
791:
winning the
Liberal leadership on a largely environmentalist platform, and both the Liberals and Greens having a shared interest in both defeating the Conservatives, whose environmental policies have come under criticism from members of both parties, some political observers questioned if an alliance
648:
where he won 16.7% of the vote in the 2004 election and carried 17 of 238 polling divisions, making Lewis the first Green candidate to win even one polling division. However, running again in
Saanich—Gulf Islands in 2006 he lost one-third of his 2004 vote share, winning only 9.6% of the ballots cast.
494:
Jim Harris was elected to the office with over 80% of the vote and the support of the leaders of all of the provincial level Green parties. He was re-elected on the first ballot by 56% of the membership in a leadership challenge vote in August 2004. Tom Manley placed second with over 30% of the vote.
388:
became leader of the Green Party of Canada on April 13, 1997. Russow won 52% of the ballots cast in the 1997 leadership race, surpassing
Ontario's Jim Harris (39%) and Rachelle Small (8%). Immediately upon attaining the leadership, Russow was plunged into a federal general election. Russow's campaign
304:
Ouimet, a strong sovereigntist, maintained a party wholly independent of the federal Greens during his leadership; as a result
Bramann created an organization called the Green Party of Canada in Quebec, a predominantly Anglophone entity that nominated federal candidates only. There was open antipathy
201:
prevailed. Eventually, an uneasy agreement was reached for a federation of regional parties, with strong support for building upwards from the bottom. The question arose: "Is the priority to redefine politics from the ground up, or to play the electoral game according to the present rules? Or both?"
352:
The
Castlegar gathering marked the beginning of a new era in Canadian Green history, and a somewhat uneasy one at that. In spite of a concern about the nature of leadership in a decentralized party, the Greens' first leadership campaign had been underway for the previous six months. Four candidates
265:
received higher results than Green candidates anywhere else in Canada, polling an average of 2.4% of the vote. The Quebec wing hosted the 1990 Canadian Greens conference in Montreal. But soon after that, Canada's constitutional problems interfered, and many Quebec candidates abandoned the Greens in
656:
was disrupted by allegations made by Matthew Pollesell, the party's former assistant national organizer, that Harris had not filed a proper accounting of money spent during his 2004 leadership campaign, as required by law. Pollesell issued a request that Elections Canada investigate. Pollesell and
519:
The Green Party ran a fundraising campaign in 2003 to realize Harris' goal of running a full slate in the upcoming election. This party also had to borrow hundreds of thousands of dollars against the $ 1.75/vote expected to accrue to the party after the election. The party began organizing in all
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ballot regarding Paul's continued status as leader despite her previous intention to resign, which would have rendered the ballot moot. Paul's protracted departure was due to continued legal conflict between Paul and the Green Party's leadership, with Paul negotiating compensation for legal fees
920:
and how the terrorist group uses children as human shields. Estrin's blog post was subsequently deleted by the party, with many party seniors and decision makers, including Elizabeth May, distancing themselves from Estrin, with a large majority of the party calling on him to resign. On 5 August,
578:
Most conference debate centred on significant constitutional reform proposals, and the role of membership in ruling on matters of policy and the constitution. The conference ended with a re-affirmation of a hybrid that was developed during the campaign: a centralized executive with decentralized
528:
to the public to help validate its policies against broad public input. It also made it easy for candidates to share their answers to public interest group questionnaires, find the best answers to policy questions, and for even rural and remote users, and Canadians abroad, to contribute to Party
329:
In the spring of 1996, although the hopes of electing a representative to the BC legislature proved premature, Andy Shadrack in the interior of the province received over 11% of the vote. Overall, the party's proportion of the popular vote surged to a new high. Shadrack was also the most popular
1192:
Prior to the October 2015 Federal election, May was invited to participate in two of the debates: one hosted by Maclean's magazine on 6 August 2015 and the first French language debate hosted by Radio-Canada on 24 September 2015. However, May was excluded from the other two debates. After being
308:
At the same time as the Parti Vert began to collapse due to Ouimet's defection to the PQ in 1992, Bramann was removed from his position in the federal party due to anti-Semitic comments he and some of his candidates had made. This led to a precipitous decline in all Green Party organizations in
1074:
in a May 14 Facebook post, calling their statements regarding the crisis "Appalling anti-Semitism," and saying "we will work to defeat you." On June 10 Atwin crossed the floor to join the Liberal caucus. This prompted Zatzman to vow to replace Atwin with a "pro-Zionist" candidate. Atwin cited
523:
While the organizing and election planning was centralized, policy development was to be decentralized. In February 2004, the Green Party of Canada Living Platform was initiated by the Party's former Head of Platform and Research, Michael Pilling. Using wiki technology, the goal of the Living
1610:
490:
Terra Nova Greens. Harris, an author and public speaker, and GPC member since 1987 (though not active in several previous elections), had the support of all provincial Green Party leaders, breaking 15 years of precedent of the BC leader backing a BC candidate from their own political circle.
312:
From 1988 onwards, a pattern developed whereby the federal party tended to function alternately as an appendage of the BC and Ontario provincial parties. Lacking sufficient funding and an administrative base of its own, control of the federal Greens was sometimes a prize (when the provincial
292:
In 1988, however, despite minimal on-the-ground organization, Quebec produced the lion's share of Green candidates and votes thanks to the efforts of Quebec organizer and candidate Rolf Bramann. A year later, the provincial Greens in Quebec scored 2% of the popular vote, averaging 5% in the
841:
and, when parliament resumed in January 2009, the Liberal Party decided to support the Conservative government's new proposed budget. While parliament was prorogued, Harper also announced his intention to fill all current and upcoming Senate vacancies with Conservative appointees.
619:
None of the party's candidates were elected, but the party received 4.5% of the vote nationally (up from 4.3% in 2004) and 665,940 votes (an increase of about 80,000 votes from 2004). Its best performance was in Alberta, where it received 6.6%. Sean Maw won 10.84% of the vote in
568:, the platform, and a national leaders' tour. The party began to be included in almost all national political polls. Its popular support peaked at 7% during the campaign, and the party finished with 4.3% of the vote. The party's strongest candidate, Andrew Lewis in the riding of
450:
faction. Her late conversion left her on unsure footing with the powerful new provincial leader and in public conflict with City Councilor Art Vanden Berg and other members of the Parker-affiliated team that had backed her leadership during the 1997 and 1998 leadership contests.
684:
Long-time environmental activist and lawyer Elizabeth May won the leadership of the federal Green party at a convention in Ottawa on 26 August 2006. May won with 2,145 votes, or 65.3 per cent of the valid ballots cast defeating two other candidates. The second-place finisher
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incurred due to arbitration following a previous attempt to remove Paul as leader. Paul officially resigned on November 10, 2021, as voting in the review was ongoing. Her resignation took effect on November 14, 2021, upon its acceptance by the party's federal council.
141:, and "before long, Hancock found himself with the phone numbers of dozens of Canadians interested in advancing environmentalism through politics." Therefore, "The federal Green party started... with a paper in a journal and an address book full of phone numbers."
949:
In March 2018, May appointed journalist and broadcaster Jo-Ann Roberts as a deputy leader along with environmentalist Daniel Green of Montreal. Roberts ran as Green party candidate in a Victoria, B.C. riding during the 2015 federal election and finished second.
454:
The conflicts left Russow isolated and alienated from most members of the party. Volunteer efforts were substantially absorbed in provincial campaigns between 2001 and 2003, and the federal party became dormant between elections, as was typical in the past.
738:
Even though they had never held a seat yet, Elizabeth May's Green Party began to receive more mainstream media attention on other party policy not directly related to the environment – for example, supporting labour rights and poppy legalization in
1134:. The primary reason given for this was the party's lack of representation in the House of Commons. There were unsuccessful legal actions by the party, a petition by its supporters to have it included, and statements by non-supporters such as
502:
His election was taken by many as reflecting a desire among the members to "become serious" in achieving electoral progress, and to steer away from any explicit anti-political ideas. However, his campaign also included a hard line against
3534:
511:) coalitions that Russow had supported at the municipal level in Victoria. While adopting the rhetoric of pragmatism, some argue, Harris eschewed the only strategy that has ever elected Greens under the first-past-the-post system.
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not only attended but met with members of the GPC Council; however, Orchard's involvement with the Greens dates back to the mid-1990s when he worked with Russow on a variety of trade and international issues. (Ontario leader
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529:
policy intelligence. To this end, the Green Party used the Living Platform to develop election platforms for 2004 and 2005, thus making the Green Party of Canada the first political party to use a wiki for such a purpose.
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3359:
3354:
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3314:
1354:. Wilson left the Liberal caucus in 2007 to sit as an Independent following allegations of improper campaign financing. In 2008, he joined the Green Party, becoming its first and only parliamentarian. He was defeated
3524:
158:
was registered by Paul George, Ted Mousseau, William Marshall, Ed McDonough and Seymour Trieger. Immediately afterwards, Betty Nickerson was able to run as a Green Party of Canada candidate in a byelection in
1007:
On 4 November 2019, Green party Leader Elizabeth May announced that effective that day, she would be stepping down as leader of the Party but remaining leader of the Parliamentary caucus, with deputy leader
762:
MP, but stepped down voluntarily from the caucus earlier in the parliament after anonymous allegations of campaign finance irregularities, most of which he was later cleared after a 9-month investigation by
445:
Another factor in her resignation may have been ongoing conflicts within the party provincially and municipally in her home city of Victoria, where she had switched allegiance from the Parker faction to the
1267:, Hyer left the NDP in 2012 to sit as an Independent after disagreement with his party over firearms legislation. Hyer joined the Green Party and its parliamentary caucus in 2013. He was defeated in the
1153:
as a Green MP, nor had he even sat in the House as one, the situation paralleled that of the Bloc Québécois in 1993. All of the Bloc's members had been elected as either Conservatives or Liberals or, in
136:
was living in Canada and "was looking for something that was proliferating across Europe but hadn't seemed to land yet in Canada: An ecological political party." In 1979 he published an article entitled
536:
in its 2004 platform, which favoured partially reducing income and corporate taxes (while increasing taxes on polluters and energy consumers), created questions as to whether the Green Party was still
957:
on its worksite in defiance of the injunction that allowed the construction to resume, along with New Democrat MP Kennedy Stewart. Both pleaded guilty to contempt of court and paid a fine of $ 1,500.
1193:
advised of the exclusion from The Munk Debate on Canada's Foreign Policy on 28 September 2015, May took her message to social media where she attacked the Harper government using tweets on Twitter.
233:
became so exhausting that, at one point in the mid-1980s, there was a near collapse of the party. It survived — though was not particularly active — for almost a decade under the stewardship of the
3491:
1256:
873:
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assuming an interim leadership role. May will continue to act as Parliamentary Leader and sit as a Green member of Parliament. The decision to step down came as a promise to May's daughter.
644:
received 6,766 votes, the largest number of votes of any of the party's candidates. It had been hoped by Greens that the party's deputy leader, Andrew Lewis, would achieve a breakthrough in
1343:
2294:
434:. As other members of her party had supported military intervention, Russow's leadership was called into question. She stepped down as party leader in 2001 and left the party to join the
3585:
3466:
1213:
193:
The birthing process was difficult, with deep divisions between those arguing for a national structure, and those in favour of a process that would build from the regions following the
1149:. The party had secured a seat in the House at this point (Blair Wilson), satisfying the necessary criteria used in all previous debates dating to at least 1993. While Wilson was not
565:
2005:
418:, Russow was the first person incarcerated in a jail built specially for protesters, for taking a photograph of it from outside. Russow promoted the Green Party as a leader in the
1892:
41:
403:
Candidates were not run in Newfoundland and Labrador, as a result of ongoing divisions over Joan Russow's refusal to endorse the Green candidate in an earlier St. John's West
2444:
1772:
2166:
1621:
468:
2365:
3621:
3004:
2824:
603:, the former Minister of the Environment in Chrétien's government, was considering joining the party. Anderson, however, successfully ran for re-election as a Liberal.
728:
586:
on March 2, 2005, spoke publicly to a group of Greens in Toronto, advising the party on its electoral strategy. Former Progressive Conservative leadership candidate
575:
In August 2004 at the national convention near Calgary, Alberta, Jim Harris was re-elected, with a reduced majority of only 56%. Rival Tom Manley polled nearly 37%.
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criticized Paul's statement on the matter as "inadequate" and called to "end apartheid." Paul's senior advisor Noah Zatzman blasted Atwin and fellow Green MP
600:
167:. The party had not gained official status at that point so the party name did not appear on the ballot, though it did on all of Nickerson's communications.
3369:
2683:
1052:) in the final ballot count. Annamie Paul became the first Black Canadian and first Jewish woman to be elected leader of a major political party in Canada.
1588:
891:
830:
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637:
1969:
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2139:
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were featured speakers at pro-Orchard rallies early in his first bid for the Tory leadership in 1998.) It was also rumoured in the media in 2004 that
1925:
1226:
997:
933:, May was re-elected in the riding of Saanich—Gulf Islands and was the only Green Party member to win a seat, until 2019. Hyer lost the election to
439:
2045:
88:
1114:
was appointed interim leader. Appointed at the age of 30, Kuttner was the youngest person to lead a federal political party, as well as the first
1056:
2952:
2771:
60:
2298:
1411:. As Parliament was dissolved for the election at the time of Núñez-Melo's change in affiliation, he was never formally recorded as a Green MP.
1296:. Manly joined the Green Party to contest the riding as their candidate, but lost in the 2015 federal election, coming in fourth place. In the
1158:'s case, as an independent, before the group formally registered as a political party. The Bloc was nevertheless included in the 1993 debates.
2881:
872:. In winning her seat, May also became one of the few Greens worldwide to be elected in a federal, single-seat election. On 13 December 2013,
3390:
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1838:
67:
3616:
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1400:
after he publicly criticized the nomination process. After the dropping of the writ, Núñez-Melo announced he would run for re-election in
396:, the party nominated 111 candidates, in nine out of ten provinces — all but Newfoundland and Labrador — and in one of three territories (
3611:
3078:
2546:
1902:
1230:
1145:
On 8 September 2008, the consortium announced that they would once again exclude the Greens from the French and English debates for the
495:
A few months after the 2004 convention, Tom Manley was appointed Deputy Leader. On 23 September 2005, Manley left the party to join the
1942:
1393:
74:
1544:
1362:
1170:
337:, hosted by Shadrack's riding association, in August 1996, a complete overhaul of the party's constitution was made, spearheaded by
107:
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2272:
1749:
1711:
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1063:
817:
Ultimately May failed in her bid to get elected in Central Nova, losing to McKay by 18,240 votes (46.6%) to 12,620 (32.24%) in the
2436:
1780:
2990:
864:, Green Party leader Elizabeth May became the first elected Green Party MP to sit in the House of Commons. She won the riding of
211:
said, there was a divide in the party between... fundamentalists who wanted to advance the purest version of manifestos like the
56:
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Hancock, Trevor (Winter 1979). "Tomorrow's political party: Where is it, what needs to be done, why do we need such a party?".
1238:
814:, who both rejected the notion outright. When the May-Dion deal was announced, it was criticized by the Conservatives and NDP.
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431:
415:
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was the party's first registered leader. Close to 200 people from 55 communities attended, coming from every province except
45:
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Canada's Green party looks to bright future following Elizabeth May victory | Felix von Geyer | Environment | guardian.co.uk
1727:
913:
767:. Wilson had joined the Green Party during Parliament's summer recess and never sat in the House of Commons as a Green MP.
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908:
In August 2014, President elect Paul Estrin published a blog post on the Green Party's website criticizing the actions of
435:
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After initial opposition from three of the four major political parties, May was invited to the leaders' debates. In the
297:. Montreal's municipal Ecology Party also scored very well in elections in this period under the leadership of publisher
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1821:
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Elizabeth May Announces Prominent Greens Adriane Carr and Claude William Genest as Deputy Leaders of federal Green Party
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572:, won over 10,000 votes, the first Green Party candidate to do so. Lewis still finished fourth in the riding, however.
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Politicians from different political backgrounds have expressed interest in the party. Former Deputy Prime Minister
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81:
34:
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229:. Approximately 27,000 Canadians voted Green (0.2% of the votes cast). But ongoing discussions about the party's
215:
and realists who wanted to influence politics as much as possible through official channels like getting elected.
183:
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1307:
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In the 2004 election, the consortium of Canadian television networks did not invite Jim Harris to the televised
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645:
569:
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1288:, 2019–2021) - originally planned to run as an NDP federal MP candidate like his father and former politician,
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for the party leadership, was the Senior Deputy to the Leader for the first year after May was elected leader.
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Green candidate in the 1997 federal election, scoring over 6% of the popular vote in West Kootenay-Okanagan.
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Harris announced on April 24, 2006, that he would stand down as leader at the party's convention in August.
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In the 2019 election, May was excluded from the first French-language debate on October 2, 2019, hosted by
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who believed it should be included. The Green Party was also not included in the leaders' debates for the
954:
916:. In his article, "Why Gaza Makes Me Sad", Estrin talked about Hamas' "desire to obliterate" the State of
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structure. Party members chose a radically decentralized party structure, and for several years a kind of
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was declared the winner. She edged out Dimitri Lascasris, a Montreal class-action lawyer running as an
884:(NDP) in 2012 to sit as an independent after breaking party lines to vote in favour of a repeal of the
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Two other Members of Parliament have been affiliated with the Green Party, but not as caucus members:
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1000:, making her the third elected Green MP in the federal parliament, and the first Green MP outside of
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438:(NDP). Because the NDP's federal and provincial wings are integrated, this also entailed joining the
271:
187:
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2636:"Green Party members are voting on Annamie Paul's leadership — weeks after she said she would quit"
549:
411:
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1004:. Nationwide, the Greens received 1,189,607 votes, representing 6.55% of total valid votes cast.
713:
686:
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537:
504:
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821:. The New Democratic Party candidate, Louise Lorifice, placed third with 7,659 votes (19.56%).
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Many members saw the party as a way to protest Canada's political system, and not much more:
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858:, instead of in August 2010, which was when May's four-year term as leader was set to end.
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2758:"Elizabeth May elected Green Party leader again, plans to co-lead with Jonathan Pedneault"
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There have been five (but three elected) Green Members of Parliament in Canadian history:
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became the first-ever Green Member of Parliament, after sitting for nearly a year of the
735:. She finished second behind the Liberal candidate but garnered 26% of the popular vote.
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3171:
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2113:"Greens claim historic 2nd federal seat with upset byelection win in Nanaimo-Ladysmith"
1155:
1009:
625:
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342:
208:
179:
133:
2006:"Controversial ex-president of Green Party should have role in party future, says May"
1447:
1169:, the consortium of broadcasters playing host to the political debates (consisting of
964:
became the second MP elected under the party's banner, after winning a by-election in
727:
announced she would run in the federal by-election to be held on 27 November 2006, in
3600:
3428:
3243:
3223:
2731:"Greens pick astrophysicist Amita Kuttner as interim leader, 1st leader who is trans"
1988:"Why I'm no longer president of the Green Party of Canada - The Canadian Jewish News"
1567:
1439:
1414:
1303:
1249:
as a federal Green in the Fredericton district. Crossed the floor to Liberals in 2021
1200:. TVA's criteria for inclusion in this debate was to have elected at least one MP in
1111:
993:
973:
807:
724:
717:
709:
705:
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564:, the party received a significant increase in media coverage on the strength of its
427:
373:
2926:"'Face-Ă -Face 2019': Pierre Bruneau anime un 'premier vrai Ă©change' entre les chefs"
2167:"Green Party win in by-election sets alarm bells ringing for Jagmeet Singh, Trudeau"
3438:
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1041:
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795:
When Green Party leader Elizabeth May made the announcement that she would run in
636:
riding, the largest share of the vote won by any of its candidates. In the riding
3203:
2551:
2171:
2117:
1638:
1369:
was called before the House reconvened. As such, he never physically sat in the
1275:
1115:
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811:
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486:, and Jason Crummey. Crummey was originally from Newfoundland and involved with
423:
404:
385:
294:
23:
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3413:
1429:
1408:
1281:
1252:
1071:
961:
877:
2882:"Elizabeth May, again excluded, tweets her way into Munk debate conversation"
2663:"Annamie Paul officially quits as Green leader, will end membership in party"
2295:"Jenica Atwin captures historic win for the Greens in New Brunswick campaign"
1970:"Green Party president quits after facing backlash over pro-Israel blog post"
953:
On March 23, 2018, May was arrested while protesting the construction of the
3186:
2224:"May confirms ex-New Democrat Pierre Nantel is running as a Green candidate"
1488:
McKeen, Alex (20 June 2021). "Get back to roots, Green party founder says".
1289:
234:
305:
between Ouimet and Bramann. Neither was affiliated with Écologie-Montreal.
124:
was founded at a conference held at Carleton University in Ottawa in 1983.
2982:
1365:. Wilson joined the Green Party during Parliament's summer break, and the
888:, joined the party, resulting in a record two-member caucus in parliament.
2829:
2735:
2667:
2640:
2608:
2523:
2421:
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1946:
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837:
to prorogue parliament. Liberal leader Dion resigned and was replaced by
2953:"NDP blocks Paul Manly, son of former MP, from seeking 2015 bid in B.C."
2366:"Interim Green Party leader hoping to court Wilson-Raybould for top job"
2417:"Toronto lawyer Annamie Paul elected leader of the federal Green Party"
2389:"Toronto lawyer Annamie Paul elected leader of the federal Green Party"
1300:
he once again ran, this time winning the seat. He was defeated in 2021.
1096:
732:
668:
397:
362:
2437:"Federal Liberals projected to hold onto Toronto Centre in byelection"
2068:"Green party names veteran journalist Jo-Ann Roberts as deputy leader"
1568:"Wiki Collaboration Within Political Parties: Benefits and Challenges"
2467:"MP Atwin's departure the culmination of months of Green Party chaos"
1201:
917:
701:
250:
2547:"Future of Canada's Greens in the spotlight after election setbacks"
1987:
321:
leader, for whom the leader publicly mobilized and delivered votes.
2684:"Green Party formally accepts Annamie Paul's resignation as leader"
1396:, Núñez-Melo was barred by the NDP from seeking nomination for the
806:
May earlier attempted to broker a deal with the NDP, by contacting
1019:
909:
890:
667:
610:
466:
309:
Quebec despite a very promising start a mere four years previous.
2273:"Jenica Atwin wins Fredericton federal race in historic campaign"
2087:"Green Leader Elizabeth May gets $ 1,500 fine in pipeline arrest"
1075:"distractions" in the Green Party as a factor in her departure.
482:, in his second bid for the leadership, defeated John Grogan of
365:) to become the Registered Leader of the Green Party of Canada.
2986:
2493:"Green MP Jenica Atwin crossing the floor to join the Liberals"
1807:
459:
served the party as interim leader from 2001 to February 2003.
400:). These candidates collected 0.81% of the total popular vote.
2519:"Greens win first Ontario seat ever as national vote dries up"
2191:
2189:
2046:"Thunder Bay-Superior North goes Liberal red with Patty Hajdu"
1932:
Global Greens: Greens Elected in Federal Single Seat Elections
976:
joined the Green Party during the Parliament's summer recess.
850:
On 11 August 2010, 74% of Green party members voted to hold a
261:) ran 29 candidates, up from just 4 in the previous election.
17:
1943:"Thunder Bay MP Bruce Hyer joins Green Party, doubles caucus"
1292:, but was blocked by the party itself over his stance on the
1040:
to replace Elizabeth May. On October 4, 2020, Toronto lawyer
1661:"Legalize and commercialize the Afghan poppy crop, says May"
2604:"Annamie Paul says she was blindsided by leadership review"
2773:"The consortium decision on the leaders' election debates.
1750:"Liberals agree not to run candidate against Green leader"
1547:
1229:, 2019–2021) - ran as a provincial Green candidate in the
274:. There were only six Green candidates from Quebec in the
357:(from Ontario) beat Don Francis (Quebec), Jason Crummey (
293:
constituencies in which they ran under the leadership of
3586:
List of Green politicians who have held office in Canada
1214:
List of Green politicians who have held office in Canada
1204:
in the previous election, which the Green Party failed.
792:
of some sort between the two parties might take place.
2709:"Green Party appoints Amita Kuttner as Interim Leader"
1687:"Green party announces its first member of Parliament"
1624:
Green Party of Canada press release, 21 November 2006.
2825:"Green leader allowed into debates, networks confirm"
2575:"Annamie Paul resigning as leader of the Green Party"
2024:"Elizabeth May re-elected, leaving party with 1 seat"
426:
and pro-peace movement, but felt undermined when the
353:
contested the leadership. A mail-in ballot was held:
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3164:
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3118:
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3018:
2198:"Former NDP MP Pierre Nantel joins the Green Party"
2140:"Federal Green Party wins seat in byelection upset"
1728:"Green party leader expected to run against MacKay"
624:and finished a very distant second to Conservative
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1637:. Greenparty.ca. 3 September 2007. Archived from
615:Green Party of Canada leadership convention, 2006
368:In January 1997, although initially recruited by
345:, whose mandate was to create a platform for the
2339:"Elizabeth May steps down as Green Party leader"
2321:"Elizabeth May steps down as Green Party leader"
1344:West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country
540:of the political spectrum, or was taking a more
281:In the summer of 1988, the BC Greens, under the
2857:"May not welcome in leaders' debates: networks"
1663:. Greenparty.ca. 29 August 2007. Archived from
1522:
1520:
1404:as a Green Party candidate. He was defeated by
2111:Little, Samon; Zussman, Richard (6 May 2019).
1336:, 2021–present) - first Green MP from Ontario.
1102:On October 28, 2021, Green members received a
1095:is the first elected Green MP ever elected in
1038:2020 Green Party of Canada leadership election
968:. On 19 August 2019, a former NDP and briefly
899:showing support for Green candidates by riding
2998:
1839:Elizabeth May discusses Senate seat with Dion
941:in his riding of Thunder Bay-Superior North.
799:, then held by Conservative cabinet minister
8:
692:On 21 November 2006, May appointed outgoing
2629:
2627:
988:, both May and Manly were re-elected while
3386:
3161:
3022:
3005:
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2983:
2876:
2874:
1893:"Elizabeth May wins first seat for Greens"
1822:"Green party strategist resigns over pact"
2724:
2722:
2597:
2595:
1804:"Jack Layton on the Liberal – Green deal"
333:At the party's sixth annual gathering in
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
3622:History of organizations based in Canada
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1310:, 2011–present) - elected as a Green in
440:New Democratic Party of British Columbia
285:leadership of electoral-reform activist
178:elected the next set of party officers.
1473:
1057:2020 Toronto Centre federal by-election
825:Role in 2008-2009 parliamentary dispute
783:May-Dion electoral co-operation in 2008
579:policy and constitutional development.
207:From the first Green party convention,
174:, Ontario, the first convention of the
2251:"Canada election results: Fredericton"
1802:New Democratic Party (13 April 2007).
1713:Greens win spot in TV election debates
831:2008–09 Canadian parliamentary dispute
810:to set up a meeting with party leader
507:(i.e., alliances with NDP members and
57:"History of the Green Party of Canada"
2682:Ballingall, Alex (15 November 2021).
1901:. Toronto. 3 May 2011. Archived from
746:On 30 August 2008, Vancouver area MP
7:
3581:History of the Green Party of Canada
2573:Aiello, Rachel (27 September 2021).
2545:Little, Simson (21 September 2021).
2517:Flanagan, Ryan (20 September 2021).
2447:from the original on 27 October 2020
2387:Tasker, John Paul (3 October 2020).
1873:"Green Party delays leadership vote"
46:adding citations to reliable sources
2833:. 10 September 2008. Archived from
2612:. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
2415:John Paul Tasker (3 October 2020).
1856:Harper vows to name 18 new senators
1715:, Reuters Canada, 10 September 2008
1245:district. She was later elected in
1231:New Brunswick 2018 general election
931:federal election on 19 October 2015
225:The party ran 60 candidates in the
2978:CBC News In Depth: The Green Party
2634:Thurton, David (28 October 2021).
2602:Thurton, David (2 November 2021).
2196:Gilmore, Rachel (19 August 2019).
1298:2019 Nanaimo—Ladysmith by-election
14:
2906:. Munk Debates. 28 September 2015
2729:Woolf, Marie (25 November 2021).
2497:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
2297:. 21 October 2019. Archived from
1773:"Dion, May confirm election deal"
524:Platform was to open the party's
3148:
2491:Cochrane, David (10 June 2021).
2364:Patel, Raisa (9 November 2019).
1968:Katrina Clarke (6 August 2014).
1771:Globe and Mail (13 April 2007).
1635:"Labour Rights are Human Rights"
1446:
1432:
1259:, 2013–2015) - first elected in
22:
2812:Debate consortium press release
1611:May wins Green Party leadership
694:Green Party of British Columbia
416:Free Trade Area of the Americas
33:needs additional citations for
2253:. Global News. 21 October 2019
2165:Singh, Varinder (6 May 2019).
2085:Bains, Camille (28 May 2018).
1717:, (accessed 10 September 2008)
1167:2011 Canadian federal election
897:2015 Canadian federal election
227:1984 Canadian federal election
1:
1237:candidate and incumbent MLA,
1142:. The same reason was given.
829:In December 2008, during the
257:(not the same as the current
3042:Provincial & territorial
2796:Greens slam debate exclusion
1294:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
1064:2021 Israel–Palestine crisis
3617:Political history of Canada
2951:Mas, Susana (2 July 2014).
2222:CBC News (19 August 2019).
1079:2021 election and aftermath
1059:, where she placed second.
980:2019 election and aftermath
607:2006 election and aftermath
556:2004 election and aftermath
520:provinces with paid staff.
484:Valemount, British Columbia
420:anti-globalization movement
335:Castlegar, British Columbia
241:1988 election and aftermath
132:By the 1970s, British-born
3638:
3612:History by political party
1557:. Accessed September 2011.
1545:"The Green Party sprouts."
1417:(Longueuil—Pierre-Boucher/
1257:Thunder Bay—Superior North
1211:
1027:, leader from 2020 to 2021
874:Thunder Bay—Superior North
515:2004 election preparations
474:, leader from 2003 to 2006
139:Tomorrow's political party
3535:Green Manitoba candidates
3492:Prince Edward Island 2026
3146:
2904:"Federal Election Debate"
1779:. Toronto. Archived from
914:2014 Israel–Gaza conflict
632:won 12.9% of the vote in
488:Newfoundland and Labrador
422:, in particular the anti-
359:Newfoundland and Labrador
249:, Greens concentrated on
184:Newfoundland and Labrador
3540:Green Ontario candidates
3525:Green Alberta candidates
2884:. CBC. 29 September 2015
752:39th Canadian Parliament
361:), and Harry Garfinkle (
3545:Green Quebec candidates
3453:Most recent or upcoming
3013:Green parties in Canada
1752:. Cbc.ca. 12 April 2007
1730:. Cbc.ca. 17 March 2007
1507:Conserver Society Notes
526:participatory democracy
497:Liberal Party of Canada
3565:Young Greens of Canada
3306:Parliamentary election
2783:CBC ombudsman's review
2048:. CBC. 20 October 2015
2026:. CBC. 20 October 2015
1928:13 August 2019 at the
1462:Green Party of Ontario
1419:Longueuil—Saint-Hubert
1126:Exclusion from debates
1110:On November 24, 2021,
1036:Ten candidates ran in
1028:
955:Kinder Morgan pipeline
900:
676:
654:2006 election campaign
640:, the Green candidate
616:
475:
299:Dimitrios Roussopoulos
3607:Green Party of Canada
3467:British Columbia 2020
3033:Green Party of Canada
2713:Green Party of Canada
1346:, 2008) - elected in
1269:2015 federal election
1085:2021 federal election
1023:
986:2019 federal election
894:
819:2008 federal election
777:2008 federal election
671:
634:Bruce—Grey—Owen Sound
614:
544:approach by reducing
470:
347:next election in 1997
247:1988 federal election
195:bioregional democracy
156:Green Party of Canada
122:Green Party of Canada
3455:leadership elections
3261:Leadership elections
3079:Prince Edward Island
2837:on 17 September 2008
1553:6 April 2012 at the
1308:Saanich—Gulf Islands
1265:New Democratic Party
1243:New Maryland-Sunbury
1048:, by 2,009 votes (9
882:New Democratic Party
866:Saanich—Gulf Islands
723:On 22 October 2006,
646:Saanich—Gulf Islands
570:Saanich—Gulf Islands
546:progressive taxation
436:New Democratic Party
268:Quebec sovereigntist
259:Parti Vert du Québec
188:Prince Edward Island
163:'s federal district
42:improve this article
3530:Green BC candidates
3516:Provincial election
2802:. 9 September 2008.
2794:MacCharles, Tonda.
2760:. 19 November 2022.
2715:. 24 November 2021.
2671:. 10 November 2021.
2443:. 26 October 2020.
1862:, 12 December 2008.
1263:as a member of the
1120:East Asian heritage
992:was elected in her
880:, who had left the
729:London North Centre
550:regressive taxation
432:bombing of Belgrade
412:Quebec City protest
384:British Columbia's
370:Ontario Green Party
172:Carleton University
3477:New Brunswick 2012
2859:. CBC. 19 May 2011
2814:, 8 September 2008
2327:. 4 November 2019.
2301:on 22 October 2019
2072:The Globe and Mail
2010:The Globe and Mail
1949:. 13 December 2013
1898:The Globe and Mail
1845:, 3 December 2008.
1777:The Globe and Mail
1589:"globeandmail.com"
1314:and re-elected in
1116:transgender person
1029:
904:Paul Estrin Affair
901:
716:, who ran against
714:David Chernushenko
687:David Chernushenko
677:
642:David Chernushenko
617:
478:In February 2003,
476:
165:Mission—Port Moody
154:In June 1983, the
3594:
3593:
3553:
3552:
3502:Saskatchewan 2016
3378:
3377:
3144:
3143:
2345:. 4 November 2019
2275:. 21 October 2019
1994:. 11 August 2014.
1881:. 11 August 2010.
1810:on 18 April 2007.
1392:in the riding of
1286:Nanaimo—Ladysmith
1208:List of Green MPs
1104:leadership review
1050:percentage points
966:Nanaimo—Ladysmith
886:Long Gun Registry
852:leadership review
839:Michael Ignatieff
532:An emphasis on a
170:In fall 1983, in
118:
117:
110:
92:
3629:
3482:Nova Scotia 2016
3387:
3383:Provincial level
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2074:. 19 March 2018.
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870:British Columbia
835:Governor General
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758:. He had been a
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1853:
1849:
1836:
1832:
1819:
1815:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1786:
1784:
1770:
1769:
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1755:
1753:
1748:
1747:
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1726:
1725:
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1710:
1706:
1696:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1670:
1668:
1667:on 29 June 2011
1659:
1658:
1654:
1644:
1642:
1641:on 29 June 2011
1633:
1632:
1628:
1620:
1616:
1609:Canadian Press,
1608:
1604:
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1592:
1587:
1586:
1582:
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1565:
1561:
1555:Wayback Machine
1543:
1539:
1534:. 30 July 1998.
1526:
1525:
1518:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1487:
1486:
1475:
1470:
1454:Politics portal
1452:
1445:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1382:José Núñez-Melo
1216:
1210:
1132:leaders debates
1128:
1081:
1034:
1018:
982:
960:On 6 May 2019,
947:
927:
906:
895:Results of the
848:
827:
785:
773:
682:
666:
609:
558:
534:green tax shift
517:
465:
382:
355:Wendy Priesnitz
327:
243:
223:
199:green anarchism
176:Canadian Greens
152:
147:
145:1980s and 1990s
130:
114:
103:
97:
94:
51:
49:
39:
27:
12:
11:
5:
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3447:
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3424:Schreiner – ON
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3404:Furstenau – BC
3401:
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3384:
3380:
3379:
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3119:Former parties
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3019:Party entities
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3010:
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2995:
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2932:. October 2019
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2077:
2059:
2037:
2015:
1997:
1979:
1960:
1934:
1916:
1884:
1864:
1860:Globe and Mail
1847:
1843:Globe and Mail
1830:
1813:
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1719:
1704:
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1580:
1559:
1537:
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1497:
1494:. p. A12.
1472:
1471:
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1464:
1458:
1457:
1443:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1412:
1375:
1374:
1373:as a Green MP.
1337:
1327:
1301:
1279:
1250:
1233:, but lost to
1209:
1206:
1156:Gilles Duceppe
1127:
1124:
1118:and person of
1080:
1077:
1033:
1030:
1017:
1014:
1010:Jo-Ann Roberts
981:
978:
946:
943:
926:
923:
905:
902:
847:
844:
826:
823:
784:
781:
772:
769:
712:of the Party.
710:Deputy Leaders
681:
678:
665:
662:
626:Myron Thompson
608:
605:
601:David Anderson
595:and BC leader
566:308 candidates
557:
554:
542:eco-capitalist
516:
513:
464:
461:
457:Chris Bradshaw
430:supported the
381:
378:
343:Shadow Cabinet
326:
323:
272:Bloc Québécois
242:
239:
231:modus operandi
222:
219:
218:
217:
180:Trevor Hancock
151:
148:
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134:Trevor Hancock
129:
126:
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30:
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21:
13:
10:
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3158:Federal level
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3064:New Brunswick
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2931:
2930:TVA Nouvelles
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2203:
2199:
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2161:
2158:
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2141:
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2107:
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2092:
2088:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2060:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1975:
1974:National Post
1971:
1964:
1961:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1905:on 7 May 2011
1904:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1820:Allan Woods,
1817:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1798:
1795:
1782:
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1767:
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1584:
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1549:
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1533:
1532:greenparty.ca
1529:
1523:
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1478:
1474:
1467:
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1460:
1459:
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1449:
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1441:
1440:Canada portal
1430:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1415:Pierre Nantel
1413:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1398:2015 election
1395:
1391:
1387:
1384:- elected in
1383:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1372:
1368:
1367:2008 election
1364:
1361:
1357:
1356:later in 2008
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1304:Elizabeth May
1302:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1277:
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1262:
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1224:
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1215:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1147:2008 election
1143:
1141:
1140:2006 election
1137:
1133:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1112:Amita Kuttner
1108:
1105:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1058:
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1047:
1043:
1039:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
994:New Brunswick
991:
987:
979:
977:
975:
974:Pierre Nantel
971:
967:
963:
958:
956:
951:
944:
942:
940:
936:
935:Liberal Party
932:
925:2015 election
924:
922:
919:
915:
911:
903:
898:
893:
889:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
862:On 2 May 2011
859:
857:
856:next election
853:
846:2011 election
845:
843:
840:
836:
832:
824:
822:
820:
815:
813:
809:
808:Stephen Lewis
804:
802:
798:
793:
790:
789:Stéphane Dion
782:
780:
778:
771:2008 election
770:
768:
766:
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
742:
736:
734:
730:
726:
725:Elizabeth May
721:
719:
718:Elizabeth May
715:
711:
707:
706:Claude Genest
703:
699:
695:
690:
688:
679:
674:
673:Elizabeth May
670:
664:Elizabeth May
663:
661:
658:
655:
650:
647:
643:
639:
638:Ottawa Centre
635:
631:
627:
623:
613:
606:
604:
602:
598:
597:Stuart Parker
594:
593:Frank de Jong
589:
588:David Orchard
585:
580:
576:
573:
571:
567:
563:
562:2004 election
555:
553:
551:
548:in favour of
547:
543:
539:
535:
530:
527:
521:
514:
512:
510:
506:
500:
498:
492:
489:
485:
481:
473:
469:
462:
460:
458:
452:
449:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:German Greens
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
406:
401:
399:
395:
394:2000 election
390:
387:
379:
377:
375:
374:Frank de Jong
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
350:
348:
344:
340:
339:Stuart Parker
336:
331:
324:
322:
320:
316:
310:
306:
302:
300:
296:
290:
288:
284:
279:
277:
276:1993 election
273:
269:
264:
260:
256:
255:le Parti Vert
252:
248:
240:
238:
236:
232:
228:
221:1984 election
220:
216:
214:
210:
205:
204:
203:
200:
196:
191:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
168:
166:
162:
157:
149:
144:
142:
140:
135:
127:
125:
123:
112:
109:
101:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
66:
62:
59: –
58:
54:
53:Find sources:
47:
43:
37:
36:
31:This article
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
3580:
3487:Ontario 2009
3462:Alberta 2018
3439:Tyrrell – QC
3432:
3429:Bernard – PE
3419:Edmonds – NS
3267:
3247:
3232:
3212:
3197:
3089:Saskatchewan
2957:. Retrieved
2946:
2934:. Retrieved
2929:
2920:
2908:. Retrieved
2898:
2886:. Retrieved
2861:. Retrieved
2851:
2841:11 September
2839:. Retrieved
2835:the original
2828:
2819:
2807:
2799:
2790:
2778:
2766:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2734:
2712:
2703:
2691:. Retrieved
2688:Toronto Star
2687:
2677:
2666:
2657:
2645:. Retrieved
2639:
2614:. Retrieved
2607:
2584:27 September
2582:. Retrieved
2578:
2568:
2558:21 September
2556:. Retrieved
2550:
2540:
2530:21 September
2528:. Retrieved
2522:
2512:
2500:. Retrieved
2496:
2486:
2474:. Retrieved
2470:
2461:
2449:. Retrieved
2440:
2431:
2420:
2410:
2398:. Retrieved
2392:
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2359:
2347:. Retrieved
2342:
2333:
2324:
2315:
2303:. Retrieved
2299:the original
2289:
2277:. Retrieved
2267:
2255:. Retrieved
2245:
2233:. Retrieved
2227:
2217:
2205:. Retrieved
2176:. Retrieved
2170:
2160:
2148:. Retrieved
2146:. 6 May 2019
2143:
2134:
2122:. Retrieved
2116:
2106:
2094:. Retrieved
2090:
2080:
2071:
2062:
2050:. Retrieved
2040:
2028:. Retrieved
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1963:
1951:. Retrieved
1937:
1919:
1907:. Retrieved
1903:the original
1896:
1887:
1876:
1867:
1859:
1854:Bill Curry "
1850:
1842:
1837:Bill Curry "
1833:
1826:Toronto Star
1825:
1816:
1808:the original
1797:
1785:. Retrieved
1781:the original
1776:
1766:
1754:. Retrieved
1744:
1732:. Retrieved
1722:
1712:
1707:
1695:. Retrieved
1681:
1669:. Retrieved
1665:the original
1655:
1643:. Retrieved
1639:the original
1629:
1617:
1605:
1593:. Retrieved
1583:
1571:. Retrieved
1562:
1540:
1531:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1491:Toronto Star
1489:
1390:New Democrat
1376:
1360:Conservative
1340:Blair Wilson
1330:Mike Morrice
1223:Jenica Atwin
1217:
1195:
1191:
1183:Radio-Canada
1164:
1160:
1150:
1144:
1136:Ed Broadbent
1129:
1109:
1101:
1089:Mike Morrice
1082:
1068:Jenica Atwin
1061:
1054:
1046:ecosocialist
1042:Annamie Paul
1035:
1032:2020 to 2021
1025:Annamie Paul
1016:Annamie Paul
1006:
990:Jenica Atwin
983:
959:
952:
948:
945:2015 to 2019
928:
907:
860:
849:
828:
816:
805:
801:Peter MacKay
797:Central Nova
794:
786:
774:
748:Blair Wilson
745:
737:
722:
698:Adriane Carr
691:
683:
680:2006 to 2008
659:
652:The party's
651:
630:Shane Jolley
618:
584:Sheila Copps
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35:verification
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3497:Quebec 2013
3444:Hunter – SK
3409:Gibson – MB
3399:Vacant – AB
3196:Garfinkle (
3069:Nova Scotia
2910:27 November
2888:27 November
2863:27 November
2742:25 November
2693:15 November
2552:Global News
2172:The Tribune
2118:Global News
2052:27 November
2030:27 November
1953:13 December
1363:John Weston
1276:Patty Hajdu
1227:Fredericton
1062:During the
998:Fredericton
984:During the
970:Independent
939:Patty Hajdu
912:during the
868:in coastal
812:Jack Layton
756:Independent
741:Afghanistan
675:, July 2014
538:on the left
424:corporatist
405:by-election
386:Joan Russow
380:Joan Russow
295:Jean Ouimet
287:Steve Kisby
270:party, the
213:"Blueprint"
3601:Categories
3507:Yukon 2017
2647:4 November
2616:4 November
2451:26 October
2400:1 December
2368:. CBC News
2349:5 November
2305:22 October
2279:22 October
2257:21 October
1992:cjnews.com
1573:1 November
1468:References
1409:Eva Nassif
1282:Paul Manly
1253:Bruce Hyer
1212:See also:
1072:Paul Manly
996:riding of
962:Paul Manly
937:candidate
878:Bruce Hyer
854:after the
480:Jim Harris
472:Jim Harris
463:Jim Harris
98:March 2014
68:newspapers
3414:Coon – NB
3192:Priesnitz
3110:Vancouver
3098:Municipal
2936:3 October
2476:20 August
2235:19 August
2207:20 August
1787:29 August
1697:30 August
1595:29 August
1591:. Toronto
1528:"History"
1290:Jim Manly
1239:Jeff Carr
622:Wild Rose
505:Red-Green
325:Mid-1990s
263:Les Verts
235:BC Greens
3574:See also
3558:Caucuses
3209:Bradshaw
3182:Cholette
3131:Montreal
3059:Manitoba
2955:CBC News
2830:CBC News
2736:CBC News
2668:CBC News
2641:CBC News
2609:CBC News
2524:CTV News
2445:Archived
2441:CBC News
2422:CBC News
2394:CBC News
2325:CBC News
2229:CBC News
2202:CTV news
2144:660 News
1947:CBC News
1926:Archived
1878:CBC News
1756:28 March
1734:28 March
1691:CBC News
1671:28 March
1645:28 March
1551:Archived
1548:CBC News
1426:See also
315:de facto
283:de facto
253:, where
150:Founding
3433:interim
3248:interim
3244:Kuttner
3233:interim
3229:Roberts
3213:interim
3198:interim
3177:Trieger
3172:Hancock
3165:Leaders
3126:Alberta
3105:Burnaby
3074:Ontario
3049:Alberta
3026:Federal
2579:CTVNews
2502:10 June
2372:13 June
2091:CTVNews
1406:Liberal
1352:Liberal
1273:Liberal
1241:in the
1165:In the
1151:elected
1097:Ontario
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929:In the
760:Liberal
733:Ontario
696:leader
560:In the
398:Nunavut
392:In the
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319:de jure
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3219:Harris
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3084:Quebec
2785:, 2006
2096:5 July
1322:, and
1202:Quebec
1179:Global
918:Israel
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2959:6 May
2178:8 May
2150:8 May
2124:8 May
1909:8 May
1394:Laval
1388:as a
1350:as a
910:Hamas
787:With
128:1970s
89:JSTOR
75:books
3370:2021
3365:2019
3360:2015
3355:2011
3350:2008
3345:2006
3340:2004
3335:2000
3330:1997
3325:1993
3320:1988
3315:1984
3297:2022
3292:2020
3287:2006
3283:2004
3280:2003
3277:2002
3274:2000
3269:list
3239:Paul
2961:2019
2938:2019
2912:2015
2890:2015
2865:2015
2843:2008
2744:2021
2695:2021
2649:2021
2618:2021
2586:2021
2560:2021
2532:2021
2504:2021
2478:2024
2453:2020
2402:2020
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2351:2019
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2281:2019
2259:2019
2237:2019
2209:2019
2180:2019
2152:2019
2126:2019
2098:2020
2054:2015
2032:2015
1955:2013
1911:2011
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1575:2009
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